期末考试复习资料

ListeningThe word “sport”first meant something that people did in their free time. Later it often meant hunting wild animals and birds. About a hundred years ago, the word was first used for __11___ games. This is the common meaning of the word today. People spend a lot of their time playing basketball, football, tennis and many other sports. Such people play sports because they want to. A few people are ___12___ for the sports they play. These people are called professional sportsmen. They may be sportsmen for only a few years, but during that time the best ones can earn __13___ money. For example, a professional footballer in England earns more than 30,000 dollars a year. The sports stars earn a lot more. International golf and tennis ___14___can make more than ___15___ dollars a year. Of course, only a few sportsmen can earn as much as that.11. A. organizers B. organized C. all organics D. all organizations12. A. pay B. paying C. obeyed D. paid13. A. a large sum of B. large some of C. a large sum D. large and some14. A. champions B. chips C. championships D. champagnes15. A. 50,500 B. 550,000 C. 500,000 D. 5,000, 000vocabulary and grammarThe professor required that all the essays _____ ready by next Monday.A. to beB. beC. beingD. areI’d rather you _______ anything about it for the time being.A. doB. won’t doC. didn’t doD. hadn’t done______ a rainy day, we’d better put the picnic off and stay at home.A. It wasB. It isC. It beingD. It has beenColor blind people find it difficult to_______ shades of colors.A. distinguishB. pickC. identifyD. recognizeThere were more than 500 paintings shown in the international arts exhibition last week, _____ came from masters.A. some of whomB. some of whichC. whom of someD. some of them It was to save the child from drowning ______ he jumped into the icy water.A. asB. whichC. whenD. thatThe girl who was on her way home from the night shift kept looking back because she wasafraid of _______.A. having been followedB. followingC. being followedD. having followedI would never have ______ a court of law if I hadn’t been so desperate.A. sought forB. accounted forC. turned upD. resorted toI think she hurt my feeling_____ rather than by accident as she claimed.A. virtuallyB. deliberatelyC. literallyD. appropriatelyPentagon studies have shown that women have only 55 percent the muscle strength and 67 percent the endurance of their male _____.A. partnersB. counterpartsC. colleaguesD. fellowsMany doctors frown ______ a diet which contains a lot of fat.A. uponB. downC. atD. to“We have to decorate the kitchen and the hall.”--- “I’d rather do the______ first.”A. laterB. lateC. latterD. lately. In the advanced course, students must take objective tests____ monthly intervals.A. withB. onC. forD. atHis well- written short stories made him a _______ man.A. respectableB. respectfulC. respectiveD. respectingComplicated_____ the problem is, the electronic brain can solve it in a short period of time.A. asB. thoughC. ifD. evenHe meant ______ his homework before lunch, but his pen didn’t work.A. finishingB. having finishedC. finishedD. to finishA child who lives in a boring environment will become less intelligent than _____ living in ahappy surrounding.A. whoB. thatC. oneD. suchThe shopping center wasn’t _____ this morning as it usually is.A. more crowdedB. more crowdingC. as crowdingD. as crowdedInternet has _______ many changes in our work and life.A. brought inB. brought aboutC. brought backD. brought offNo matter how _____ he should have self-respect and sense of responsibility.A. may be poor a personB. a poor person may beC. poor a person may beD. a person may be poorHe proposed that we ______ a party for the success of the basketball match.A. would holdB. to holdC. holdD. heldAll the seniors can have ______ to Senior Net.A. entranceB. enrolmentC. admissionD. accessThere was a good program on TV last evening. But I was too busy with my lessons to watch it. I wish _______ free at that time.A. wasB. had beenC. would beD. wereThe students _______ their papers by the end of this month.A. have finishedB. will be finishingC. will have finishedD. have been finishingOnly under special circumstances ______ to take make-up tests.A. are freshmen permittedB. permitted are freshmenC. freshmen are permittedD. are permitted freshmenReadingPassage 1If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain(维持) life on the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however, has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are completely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmosphere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficulty is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae(水藻) organisms(有机体) that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen, should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus. As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere. In a fairly short time, the algae will break down the carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will become cooler, but before man can set foot on Venus it will be necessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.In the long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.A. foodB.oilC. spaceD. resourcesCarl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____A. it might be possible to change its atmosphereB. its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sC. there is a good supply of water on VenusD. the days on Venus are long enoughOn Venus there is a lot of ________.A. waterB. carbon dioxideC. carbon monoxideD. oxygenAlgae are plants that can____.A. live in very hot temperaturesB. live in very cold temperaturesC. manufacture oxygenD. all of the aboveMan can land on Venus only when_______.A. the algae have done their workB. the atmosphere becomes coolerC. there is oxygenD. it rains therePassage 2There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or two weeks, or possible months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate(中级的)goals build on the foundation of the short-range goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed(压垮). As you complete each step, you will enforce(增强) the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation(动机) and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static(静态的) thing. We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.A. if we complete our short-range goalsB. if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC. if we write down the datesD. if we put forward some plansNew short-term goals are built upon__.A. two yearsB. long-term goalsC. current activitiesD. the goals that have been completedWhen we complete each step of our goals, _______.A. we will win final successB. we are overwhelmedC. we should build up confidence of successD. we should lose strong desire for setting new goalsOnce our goals are drawn up, _____.A. we should stick to them until we complete themB. we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC. we had better wait for the exciting news of successD. we have made great decisionIt is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A. those who have long-term goals will definitely succeedB. writing down the dates may discourage youC. the goal is only a guide for us to reach our destinationD. everyone should have three goals.Passage 3The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon(结肠). Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945,about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates(硝酸盐), commonly used to preserve colour in meats, and other food additives(添加剂), caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price in the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.What is the best possible title of the passage?A. Drug and FoodB. Cancer and HealthC. Food and HealthD. Health and DrugWhich of the following statements is NOT true?A. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsB. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to theliving animalsC. Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-fiveyears.D. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.How has science done something harmful to mankind?A. Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.B. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.C. Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have beenadded to food.D. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.What are nitrates used for?A. They preserve flavor in packaged foods.B. They preserve the color of meats.C. They are the objects of research.D. They cause the animals to become fatter.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.A. trouble-makingB. color-retainingC. money-makingD. cancer-causingWriting某英语报正在就中学生可不可以带手机上学这一话题开展讨论。