英语过去式,过去分词
英语过去式过去分词

英语动词的过去式及过去分词规则动词的过去式和过去分词变化非常简单,即1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted2、以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop ---stopped不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆,经常思考反复整理发现其实也是有些规律的,如下:1. A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形)cost 花费cut割,切hit 打let让put放下read 读(读法不一样)hurt 伤2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)beat beat beaten 打3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)come came come 来become became become 变run ran run 跑4. A ---B ---B型(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn burnt burnt 燃烧learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习mean meant meant 意思是hear heard heard 听见(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑lend lent lent 借给lose lost lost 失去send sent sent 送spend spent spent 花费(3)其他pay paid paid 付lay laid laid 下蛋say said said 说bring brought brought 带来buy bought bought 买think thought thought 想sleep slept slept 睡keep kept kept 保持sweep swept swept 扫stand stood stood 站understand understood understood 明白win won won 得胜shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光catch caught caught 抓住teach taught taught 教feel felt felt 觉得fight fought fought 战斗find found found 发现get got got 得到hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死,挂have had had 有dig dug dug 挖hold held held 盛,握leave left left 离开make made made 制造meet met met 遇见sell sold sold 卖shoot shot shot 射击tell told told 告诉smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅,闻sit sat sat 坐5. A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)(1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
动词过去式过去分词不规则变化表

动词过去式过去分词不规则变化表英语动词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
其中,不规则变化的动词变化形式并不遵循规则,需要直接记忆。
下面是动词过去式和过去分词不规则变化表,让我们来一起学习吧!1. 动词原形:be 过去式:was/were 过去分词:been2. 动词原形:begin 过去式:began 过去分词:begun3. 动词原形:break 过去式:broke 过去分词:broken4. 动词原形:bring 过去式:brought 过去分词:brought5. 动词原形:build 过去式:built 过去分词:built6. 动词原形:buy 过去式:bought 过去分词:bought7. 动词原形:catch 过去式:caught 过去分词:caught8. 动词原形:choose 过去式:chose 过去分词:chosen9. 动词原形:come 过去式:came 过去分词:come10. 动词原形:cost 过去式:cost 过去分词:cost11. 动词原形:cut 过去式:cut 过去分词:cut13. 动词原形:draw 过去式:drew 过去分词:drawn14. 动词原形:drink 过去式:drank 过去分词:drunk15. 动词原形:drive 过去式:drove 过去分词:driven16. 动词原形:eat 过去式:ate 过去分词:eaten17. 动词原形:fall 过去式:fell 过去分词:fallen18. 动词原形:feel 过去式:felt 过去分词:felt19. 动词原形:find 过去式:found 过去分词:found20. 动词原形:fly 过去式:flew 过去分词:flown21. 动词原形:forget 过去式:forgot 过去分词:forgotten22. 动词原形:get 过去式:got 过去分词:gotten23. 动词原形:give 过去式:gave 过去分词:given24. 动词原形:go 过去式:went 过去分词:gone25. 动词原形:grow 过去式:grew 过去分词:grown26. 动词原形:hang 过去式:hung 过去分词:hung28. 动词原形:hear 过去式:heard 过去分词:heard29. 动词原形:hide 过去式:hid 过去分词:hidden30. 动词原形:hit 过去式:hit 过去分词:hit31. 动词原形:hold 过去式:held 过去分词:held32. 动词原形:hurt 过去式:hurt 过去分词:hurt33. 动词原形:keep 过去式:kept 过去分词:kept34. 动词原形:know 过去式:knew 过去分词:known35. 动词原形:lay 过去式:laid 过去分词:laid36. 动词原形:lead 过去式:led 过去分词:led37. 动词原形:leave 过去式:left 过去分词:left38. 动词原形:let 过去式:let 过去分词:let39. 动词原形:lie 过去式:lay 过去分词:lain40. 动词原形:lose 过去式:lost 过去分词:lost41. 动词原形:make 过去式:made 过去分词:made42. 动词原形:mean 过去式:meant 过去分词:meant43. 动词原形:meet 过去式:met 过去分词:met45. 动词原形:put 过去式:put 过去分词:put46. 动词原形:read 过去式:read 过去分词:read47. 动词原形:ride 过去式:rode 过去分词:ridden48. 动词原形:ring 过去式:rang 过去分词:rung49. 动词原形:rise 过去式:rose 过去分词:risen50. 动词原形:run 过去式:ran 过去分词:run51. 动词原形:say 过去式:said 过去分词:said52. 动词原形:see 过去式:saw 过去分词:seen53. 动词原形:sell 过去式:sold 过去分词:sold54. 动词原形:send 过去式:sent 过去分词:sent55. 动词原形:set 过去式:set 过去分词:set56. 动词原形:shake 过去式:shook 过去分词:shaken57. 动词原形:shine 过去式:shone 过去分词:shone58. 动词原形:shoot 过去式:shot 过去分词:shot59. 动词原形:show 过去式:showed 过去分词:shown60. 动词原形:shut 过去式:shut 过去分词:shut61. 动词原形:sing 过去式:sang 过去分词:sung62. 动词原形:sink 过去式:sank 过去分词:sunk63. 动词原形:sit 过去式:sat 过去分词:sat64. 动词原形:sleep 过去式:slept 过去分词:slept65. 动词原形:speak 过去式:spoke 过去分词:spoken66. 动词原形:spend 过去式:spent 过去分词:spent67. 动词原形:stand 过去式:stood 过去分词:stood68. 动词原形:steal 过去式:stole 过去分词:stolen69. 动词原形:swim 过去式:swam 过去分词:swum70. 动词原形:take 过去式:took 过去分词:taken71. 动词原形:teach 过去式:taught 过去分词:taught72. 动词原形:tear 过去式:tore 过去分词:torn73. 动词原形:tell 过去式:told 过去分词:told74. 动词原形:think 过去式:thought 过去分词:thought75. 动词原形:throw 过去式:threw 过去分词:thrown76. 动词原形:understand 过去式:understood 过去分词:understood77. 动词原形:wake 过去式:woke 过去分词:woken78. 动词原形:wear 过去式:wore 过去分词:worn79. 动词原形:win 过去式:won 过去分词:won80. 动词原形:write 过去式:wrote 过去分词:written以上就是动词过去式和过去分词不规则变化表,祝大家学习愉快!。
高三复习-过去分词和过去式有什么区别

过去分词和过去式有什么区别学英语时,大家都会被过去分词和过去式所困扰,这两个之间有什么区别呢?一起来看看吧!过去分词和过去式区别 1.一般过去时的句子中,其谓语动词使用过去式.也就是说:过去式直接做(一般过去时态的)句子的谓语.如:I read a book yesterday.2.而过去分词不能单独做句子的谓语动词,它主要有以下用法:1)用在be动词后,一起做被动句的谓语如:A book was read by me yesteday.2)用在助动词have/has/had之后,一起做(现在完成时/过去完成时的)句子的谓语如:I have read many books so far.3)做非谓语成分,如表语、定语、状语、补足语和独立成分等. 如:I want to buy a book (read by you yesterday).后置定语过去式和过去分词的用法1)分词作状语分词在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
分词做状语时,它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。
作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。
过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。
分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。
2)分词在句子中作状语,使用何种分词,要取决于分词与句子主语的关系:主谓关系用现在分词,动宾或被动关系用过去分词。
3)分词作定语分词作定语时,单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前,分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。
现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系),过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。
4)分词作宾语补足语现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语,作宾语补语的成分。
英语过去式过去分词

(1)AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost(花费)cost cost shut shut shutcut(割)cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat(英)hit(打)hit hit hurt 伤害)hurt hurtlet(让)let let put(放)put putread (读)read read(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat(跳动)beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)become(变成)became become awake awoke awokencome(来)came come run(跑)ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig(挖)dug dug build built builtget(得到)got got/gotten catch caught caught hang(吊死)hanged hanged deal dealt dealt hang(悬挂)hung hung feed fed fedhold(抓住)held held find found found shine(照耀)shone shone sit(坐)sat satpay paid paid win (赢)won won send sent sent meet(遇见)met met shoot shot shot keep (保持)kept kept tell told told sleep(睡)slept slept win won won sweep(扫)swept swept feel(感觉)felt felt smell(闻)smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled leave(离开)left left build(建设)built built lend(借出)lent lent send (传送)sent sent spend(花费)spent spent lose (丢失)lost lostburn (燃烧)burnt burnt learn(学习)learnt learnt mean(意思是)meant meant catch(抓住)caught caught teach(教)taught taught bring(带来)brought brought fight (战斗)fought fought buy(买)bought bought think(想)thought thought hear (听见)heard heard sell(卖)sold sold tell(告诉)told told say(说)said said find(找到)found found have/has(有)had had make(制造)made madestand(站)stood stood understand明白understood understood (5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)begin(开始)began begun take(取)took takendrink(喝)drank drunk mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken ring(铃响)rang rung ride(骑)rode riddensing (唱)sang sung do(做)did doneswim(游泳)swam swum write(写)wrote writtenblow(吹)blew blown go(去)went gonedraw (画)drew drawn lie(平躺)lay lainfly(飞)flew flown see(看见)saw seengrow(生长)grew grown wear (穿)wore wornknow(知道)knew known be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been throw(投掷)threw thrown show(出示)showed shown break(打破)broke broken choose(选择)chose chosen forget(忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/bornspeak(说,讲)spoke spoken draw drew drawnwake(醒)woke woken dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed drive(驾驶)drove driven hide hid hiddeneat(吃)ate eaten lay laid laid 放置fall(落下)fell fallen lie lied lied 撒谎give(给)gave given lie lay lain 躺rise(升高)rose risen see saw seenshake shook shaken steal stole stolencan----could may---might will---would shall---shouldmust----must。
英语动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词、第三人称单数

动词的基本形式复习一、 be 动词: . 表示“是;在”(状态;存在)。
be 动词与主语的单数复数搭配关系一二三一二三我你他她它我们你们他们主格I you he she it we you they一般现在时am are is are一般过去时was were was were完成时been进行时being二、行为动词:表示具体动作或抽象动作。
(一)动词的过去式和过去分词1.行为动词的过去式没有人称、数的变化;而 be 动词的过去式有变化,如上表所示。
2.动词的过去式用于一般过去时;规则动词过去式单词含义原形或过去分词及词尾读音(1) 在动词原形后加ask asked[t]v. 问;要求;请求-ed 。
call called[d]v. 呼叫;拜访;召集 /n. 电话;呼叫;要求;访play played[d]问plant planted[id]v. 游戏;扮演;演奏;播放 /n. 游戏;剧本need needed[id]v. 种植;栽培 /n. 工厂;植物;v. 需要 /n. 需要;必要之物( 2)结尾是 e 的动hope hoped[t]v. 希望;期待 /n. 希望;信心词加 -d 。
arrive arrived[d]v. 到达;达成use used[d]v. 使用;利用;运用 /n. 使用;用途waste wasted[id]v/n.. 浪费;消耗( 3)末尾只有一个stop stopped[t]v. 停止;中断 /n. 停止;车站辅音字母的重读闭beg begged[d]v. 乞讨;恳求音节词( X 除外),plan planned[d]v. 计划;打算 /n. 计划;方案;平面图先双写此辅音字母,permit permitted[id]v. 许可;允许 /n. 许可证( licence);执照再加 -ed 。
( 4)结尾是“辅音study studied[d]v/n. 学习;研究;攻读字母 +y”的动词,改carry carried[d]v. 拿;拎;扛;携带;搬运;运载y 为 i ,再加 -ed 。
英语动词过去式和过去分词的用法

英语动词过去式和过去分词的用法动词的过去式和过去分词在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色。
它们的使用方式可以根据动词的不同形式和语境进行变化。
在下面的文章中,我将详细介绍英语动词过去式和过去分词的用法。
动词的过去式用于表示过去发生的动作或者状态。
通常,动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上-ed或-d。
例如,动词"go" 的过去式是"went",动词"play"的过去式是"played"。
然而,也有一些不规则动词的过去式需要单独记忆,例如"be"的过去式是"was"或"were"。
过去分词则用于构建完成时态、被动语态和进行时态等。
大多数情况下,过去分词是在动词原形后加上-ed或-d。
举例来说,动词"walk"的过去分词是"walked",动词"open"的过去分词是"opened"。
同样地,也有一些不规则动词的过去分词需要单独记忆,例如"drink"的过去分词是"drunk"。
除了通过加-ed或-d来形成过去式和过去分词外,还有一些其他变化形式值得注意。
有些动词在其前面加上了不同的字母,例如"run"的过去式是"ran",过去分词是"run"。
还有一些动词在过去时态和过去分词中发生了元音变化,例如"drink"的过去式是"drank",过去分词是"drunk"。
需要注意的是,动词的过去式和过去分词的用法不仅仅局限于时态和语态的变化。
它们还可以用来形容过去的经历、描述过去的状态以及表达愿望、建议和假设等。
用法的灵活性取决于句子的结构和语境。
英语动词原形、过去式、过去分词

1 / 3 英语动词过去式大全一、AAA 型(原形→原形→原形)原形) 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 read read read 读 cut cut cut 切,割切,割切,割 let let let 让 put put put 放 cost cost cost 花费,值花费,值花费,值 hit hit hit 撞,击撞,击撞,击 set set set 安排,安置安排,安置安排,安置 hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛伤痛二、ABA 型(原形→过去式→原形)原形) 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 become became become 成为成为 come came come 来 run ran run 跑三、ABC 型1. ow →ew →own 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 grow grew grown 生长生长生长 know knew known 知道知道知道 fly flew flown 飞2. i→a →u 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 begin began begun 开始开始开始 drink drank drunk 喝 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳游泳游泳 ring rang rung 打电话打电话打电话3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 wear wore worn 穿 forget forgot forgotten 忘记忘记 speak spoke spoken 说 freeze froze frozen 冻 choose chose chosen 选择选择4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 eat ate eaten 吃forbid forbade forbidden 禁止禁止 give gave given 给 ride rode ridden 骑 see saw seen 看见看见看见 write wrote written 写fall fell fallen 落下落下落下 5. 无规律无规律 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 am/is was been 是 are were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 走 take took taken 拿四、ABB 型1. 原形→ought →ought 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 bring brought brought 带来带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架打架打架 think thought thought 思考思考思考2. 原形→aught →aught 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 catch caught caught 捉,抓 teach taught taught 教3. 变其中一个元音字母变其中一个元音字母 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 feed fed fed 喂 meet met met 遇见遇见遇见 get got got 得到得到 hold held held 拥有拥有拥有 babysit babysat babysat 临时照看临时照看 sit sat sat 坐 win won won 赢 find found found 发现发现发现4. 原形→□lt→□lt 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 feel felt felt 感到感到感到 keep kept kept 保持保持保持 leave left left 离开离开离开 sleep slept slept 睡 sweep swept swept 扫 5. 变其中一个辅音字母变其中一个辅音字母 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 build built built 建造建造建造 hear heard heard 听见听见听见 make made made 制造制造制造 mean meant meant 意思意思意思 send sent sent 送,寄2 / 3 spend spent spent 花费花费花费 deal dealt dealt 处理处理6.辅音字母和元音字母都变辅音字母和元音字母都变 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 have had had 有,吃 lay lain lain 放 lose lost lost 丢失丢失丢失 pay paid paid 付钱付钱付钱 say said said 说 sell sold sold 卖tell told told 告诉告诉告诉 stand stood stood 站 五、AAB 型 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 beat beat beaten 打败打败 六、有两种形式六、有两种形式 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 bear bore born 生 bore borne hang hanged hanged 吊死吊死 hung hung 挂learn learned learned 学 learnt learnt lie lied lied 说谎说谎说谎 lay lain 躺show showed showed 给…看 showed shown spell spelled spelled 拼写拼写拼写 spelt spelt burn burned burned 烧 burnt burnt smell smelled smelled 闻 smelt smelt shine shined shined 照耀照耀照耀 shone shone dream dreamed dreamed 做梦做梦 dreamt dreamt wake waked waked 醒 woke woken hide hid hid 躲藏躲藏躲藏 hid hidden 七、情态动词七、情态动词 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 can could ⁄ 能 may might ⁄ 也许也许也许 must ⁄ ⁄ 必须必须必须 shall should ⁄ 将要将要将要 will would ⁄ 会初中英语不规则动词表(二)初中英语不规则动词表(二) 原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 am/is was been 是 are were been 是 babysit babysat babysat 临时照看临时照看 bear bore born 生 bear bore borne 生 beat beat beaten 打败打败 become became become 成为成为 begin began begun 开始开始开始 blow blew blown 吹 bring brought brought 带来带来 build built built 建造建造建造 burn burned burned 烧 burn burnt burnt 烧 buy bought bought 买 can could ⁄ 能catch caught caught 捉,抓 choose chose chosen 选择选择选择 come came come 来 cost cost cost 花费,值花费,值花费,值 cut cut cut 切,割切,割切,割 deal dealt dealt 处理处理 dig dug dug 挖 do did done 做draw drew drawn 画dream dreamed dreamed 做梦做梦 dream dreamt dreamt 做梦做梦做梦 drink drank drunk 喝 drive drove driven 驾驶驾驶 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下落下落下 feed fed fed 喂 feel felt felt 感到感到感到 fight fought fought 打架打架打架 find found found 发现发现发现 fly flew flown 飞原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 forbid forbade forbidden 禁止禁止 forget forgot forgotten 忘记忘记 freeze froze frozen 冻 get got got 得到得到 give gave given 给3 / 3 go went gone 走grow grew grown 生长生长生长 hang hanged hanged 吊死吊死 hang hung hung 挂 have had had 有,吃 hear heard heard 听见听见听见 hide hid hid 躲藏躲藏躲藏 hide hid hidden 躲藏躲藏 hit hit hit 撞,击撞,击撞,击 hold held held 拥有拥有拥有 hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛伤痛 keep kept kept 保持保持保持 know knew known 知道知道知道 lay lain lain 放learn learned learned 学 learn learnt learnt 学 leave left left 离开离开离开 lend lent lent 把…借给借给 let let let 让 lie lied lied 说谎说谎说谎 lie lay lain 躺 lose lost lost 丢失丢失丢失 make made made 制造制造制造 may might ⁄ 也许也许也许 mean meant meant 意思意思意思 meet met met 遇见遇见遇见 must ⁄ ⁄ 必须必须必须 pay paid paid 付钱付钱付钱 put put put 放 read read read 读原形原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 汉语意思汉语意思 ride rode ridden 骑 ring rang rung 打电话打电话打电话 run ran run 跑 say said said 说 see saw seen 看见看见看见 sell sold sold 卖 send sent sent 送,寄 set set set 安排,安置安排,安置安排,安置 shall should ⁄ 将要将要将要 shine shined shined 照耀照耀照耀 shine shone shone 照耀照耀 show showed showed 给…看 show showed shown 给…看 sing sang sung 唱sit sat sat 坐sleep slept slept 睡 smell smelled smelled 闻 smell smelt smelt 闻 speak spoke spoken 说 spell spelled spelled 拼写拼写拼写 spell spelt spelt 拼写拼写拼写 spend spent spent 花费花费花费 stand stood stood 站 sweep swept swept 扫 swim swam swum 游泳游泳游泳 take took taken 拿 teach taught taught 教 tell told told 告诉告诉告诉 think thought thought 思考思考思考 wake waked waked 醒 wake woke woken 醒 wear wore worn 穿 will would ⁄ 会 win won won 赢 write wrote written 写。
英语过去式和过去分词

一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。
(共9个)cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let— letput—put—putread—read—readset—set—setshut—shut—shut二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。
(共41个)1 过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。
(3个)bring—brought—broughtbuy— bought—boughtthink—thought— thought2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。
(4个)build—built—builtlend—lent— lentsend—sent—sentspend—spent— spent3.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。
(2个)catch—caught—caughtteach—taught—taught4.把-eep变为-ept。
(3个)keep—kept—keptsleep—slept—sleptsweep— swept—swept5 把-ell变为-old。
(2个)tell—told—toldsell—sold—sold6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。
(4个)smell—smelt—smeltspell—spelt—speltfeel—felt— feltspill—spilt—spilt7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。
(3个)learn—learnt—learntmean—meant—meantspoil—spoilt—spoilt8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d。
(4个)say—said—saidpay—paid—paidlay—laid—laidhear—heard—heard9.改变元音字母。
(11个)meet—met—metget—got—gotsit—sat—satfind— found—foundhold—held—heldspit—spat—spatshine— shone—shonewin—won—wonhang—hung—hungdig— dug—duglose—lost—lost10.改变辅音字母。
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be was/were beenbear bore bornebeat beat beaten, beatbecome became becomebegin began begunbend bent bentbet bet betbind bound boundbite bit bittenbleed bled bledblow blew blownbreak broke brokenbring brought broughtbuild built builtburn burned, burnt burned, burnt burst burst burstbuy bought boughtcast cast castcatch caught caughtchoose chose chosencome came comeshow showed shown, showed shut shut shutsing sang sungsink sank, sunk sunksit sat satsleep slept sleptsow sowed sown, sowed speak spoke spokenspread spread spreadstand stood stoodsteal stole stolenstick stuck stuckswear swore swornswim swam swumtake took takenteach taught taughttear tore torntell told toldthink thought thoughtthrow threw thrownunderstand understood understood undertake undertook undertaken upset upset upsetwake woke, waked woken, waked wear wore wornwin won wonwrite wrote writtencost cost costcut cut cutdeal dealt dealtdig dug dugdo did donedraw drew drawndrink drank drunkdrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallenfeed fed fedfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundfly flew flownforbid forbade forbiddenforecast forecast forecastforget forgot forgottenforgive forgave forgivenfreeze froze frozenget got gotgive gave givengo went gonegrow grew grownhang hanged, hung hanged, hung have had hadhear heard heardhide hid hiddenhit hit hithold held heldhurt hurt hurtkeep kept keptknow knew knownlay laid laidlead led ledleave left leftlend lent lentlet let letlie lay lainlight lit, lighted lit, lightedlose lost lostmake made made动词过去式和过去分词法则(一)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。
现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。
一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。
如:cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set -set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。
如:come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overc ome三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。
如:1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。
如:lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent2. 改变单词中间元音字母。
如:sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。
如:keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。
如:buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-broug ht, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。
如:say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。
如:have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, m eet-met-met, feel-felt-felt四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。
如:五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。
如:blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, kno w-knew-known六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。
如:rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten特殊:write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten (二)、动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化情况例词读音与说明动词原形过去式过去分词一般在动词原形后加-ed lookcallopenneed lookedcalledopenedneeded looked [lukt]called [kC:ld]opened [5EupEnd]needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕后发音为[id]③但fix的过去式和过去赞分词x不双写,为fixed.以-e结尾的动词加-d movephonehopeagree movedphonedhopedagreed moved [mu:vd]phoned [fEund]hoped [hEupt]agreed [E5^ri:d]以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed studycarrytry studiedstudiedcarried studied [5stQdid]carried [5kArid]tried [traid]以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed playenjoystay playedenjoyedstayed played [pleid]enjoyed [in5dVCid]stayed [steid]末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stopfit stoppedplannedfitted stopped [stCpt]planned [plAnd]fitted [5fitid]以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-ed preferrefer preferredreferred preferred [prI`f:d]referred [ri5fE:]2) 不规则变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
例:原形过去式过去分词cut(切)hit(打)cast(扔)hurt(伤害)put(放)let(让)shut(关)cost(花费)set(放)rid(清除)cuthitcasthurtputletshutcostsetrid cuthitcastputletshutcostsetrid2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。
例:原形过去式过去分词find(找到)pay(支付)leave(离开)lend(借出)meet(遇见)keep(保持)lose(丢失)teach(教)sit(坐)lead(引导)win(赢)除)foundpaidleftlentmetkeptlosttaughtsatledwon foundpaidleftlentmetkeptlostsatledwon3.动词原形与过去分词同形例:原形过去式过去分词come(来)run(跑)become(成为)cameranbecame comerunbecome4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。
例:原形过去式过去分词give(给)fly(飞)drink(喝)see(看见)go(去)know(知道)wear(穿)speak(说)gaveflewdranksawwentknewworespoke givenflowndrunkseengoneknownwornspoken5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式例:原形过去式过去分词burn(燃烧)burnedburnt burnedburntlearn(学习)learnedlearnt learnedlearntsmell(闻)smelledsmelt smelledsmeltspell (拼写)spelledspelt spelledspeltshine (照射)shinedshone shinedshoneleap (跳)leapedleapt leapedleapt提示a. beat的过去式与原形同形:比:beat(打击)beat(过去式)beaten(过去分词)b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同比:lie lied, lied(说谎)lay, lain(躺,位于)c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑)hung, hung(挂,吊)d. welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)welcome, welcome(误)e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词比:hit(打)hit, hit(正)hitted, hitted(误)6 现在分词的变化规则规则动词原形现在分词及发音一般在动词原形词尾加-ing,-ing发音为[iN] gopushplaycarry going [5^EuiN]pushing [5puFiN]playing [pleiiN]carrying [5kAriiN]以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing takewriteleave taking [5teikiN]writing [5raitiN]leaving [5li:viN]重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stopstopfitbeginforget cutting [5kQtiN]stopping [5stCpiN]fitting [5fitiN]beginning [bi5^iniN]forgetting [fE5^etiN]以ie结尾的动词,要把ie改为y,再加-ing liedietie lying [5laiiN]dying [5daiiN]tying [5taiiN(三)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----putlet----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hitshut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read 读音/e/lie---lied---lied 说谎lay---laid---laid 放置,下蛋lay--- lain 躺下,位于,平放eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather.She _____ her books on the table. ____B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是〔:t〕bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought buy----bought----bought catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught2. 动词原形中的e为o,变成过去式和过去分词。