人教版八年级下册第七单元
八年下册第七单元典型题汇总
（）1.The man was badly hurt. We must send him to the hospital .
A.at first
B.at last
C.at once
D.at times
（）2.—It’s a bit cold. Would you mind my____ all the windows? –Do as you like, please.
A.close
B.will close
C.closing
D.to close
（）3.—Would you mind my using your dictionary? --____. Here you are.
A.Of course
B.No, thanks
C.No, not at all.
D.Sorry,I don’t have one.
（）6.—Could you finish the task in two days? --____. I have something else to do these days. A.I could not B.Yes, I thing so. C.I’m afraid so D.I’m afraid not
（）7.—Could you please not keep the water running? --____. I’m turing off the shower.
A.Ok, I will
B.That’s all right
C.Sorry, I won’t.
D.Not at all.
（）8.—Could I borrow your CD player? --____, but you will have to return it tomorrow.
A.No problem
B.I’m sorry
C.I’m not sure
D.I hope so
( ) 10. What happened you yesterday morning ?
A.with
B.about
C. to
D.on
( ) 12.Don`t forget to .
A.return back my pen
B.return my pen back
C. return my pen
D. returning my pen
( )15.My pencil is on the floor . Can you ?
A.pick up it
B.pick it up
C. pick up them
D.pick them up
（）1.The girl was born ______ the morning of June 18th,1991.
A.at
B.on
C.in
D.during
（）2.I am full now.But thank you______.
A.at the same
B.the all time
C.same to you
D.all the same
（）3.He will be back ______ he is free.
A.while
B.because
C.after
D.if
（）4.______you get up late,you’ ll be______for school.
A.When;late
B.Because;early
C.If;late
D.So;early
（）5.It’ s nice______to you.
A.to talk
B.talk
C.talked
D.is talking
（）6.I don’ t mind his ______ at me.
A.shout
B.shouted
C.shouting
D.shouts
）8.What day______ tomorrow?
A.it will
B.will it
C.it will be
D.will it be
（ ）11.I can buy ______ because I have no money. A.anything B.nothing C.something
D.any thing （ ）12.—Is Jim coming later? —He ______ if he can.
es
B.came
ing
D.will come （ ）13.If it ______ tomorrow,we’ ll have a sports meeting. A.isn’ t rai n B.doesn’ t rain C.rains D.not rain （ ）14.Don’ t laugh______ your classmates when they______ mistakes. A.at;make B.at;made C.to;make D.with;have （
）15.Thank you for ______ us.We really enjoyed ______. A.join;ours B.joining;ourselves C.join;ourselves D.joining;us （
）1． Have you been collecting shells.－－for two years.
A. How long
B.How soon
C.How often
D.How far （
）2.I ’ve been skating nine o ’clock.
A.at
B.since
C.for
D.on （
）3.Our teacher has been teaching in this school for .
A.two year and a half
B.two and a half year
C.two years and half
D.two and a half years （
）4.The story is very and I am in it.
A.interested;interested
B.interesting;interested
C.interested;interesting
D.interesting;interesting （
）5.Thanks for me the snow globe of the monster.
A.send
B.sending
C.sent
D.to send （
）6.Would you mind down the music?
A.turn
B.turned
C.turning
D.to turn （
）7.Ok, I ’ll do then a minute.
A.in
B.to
C.at
D.for （
）8.Could you help me my homework?
A.at
B.to
C.with
D.in （
）10.I get when people cut in line.
A.annoy
B.annoying
C.annoyed
D.to annoy （
）12.----How about a sweater? ----No,that ’s not
A.enough interesting
B.interesting enough
C.enough interested
D.interested enough （
）13.I got this watch my birthday.
A.in; nine
B.on; nine
C.on; ninth
D.in; ninth （
）14.His mother often encourages him hard.
A.study
B.studying
C.to study
D.studies （
）16.I don ’t know happened outside.
A.where
B.what
C.how
D.Why （
）17.He is getting on well his friends.
A.with
B.for
C.to
D.by （
）18.There is no for you . A.room B.rooms C.sit D.space 班级。
最全面人教版八年级下册英语第七单元知识点归纳总结
Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?一、词汇与短语◆重点单词A部分1．square 平方；正方形n.2．achievement 成就；成绩n. 3．meter(= metre) 米；公尺n.4．southwestern 西南的；西南方向的adj. 5．deep 深的；纵深的adj.6．thick 厚的；浓的adj.7．desert 沙漠n.8．include 包括；包含v. 9．population 人口；人口数量n.10．freezing 极冷的；冰冻的adj. 11．Asia 亚洲n.12．condition 条件；状况n.13．tour 旅行；旅游v. & n.14．succeed 实现目标；成功v. 15．tourist 旅行者；观光者n.16．challenge 挑战；考验v. & n. 17．wall 墙n.18．achieve 达到；完成；成功v. 19．amazing 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的adj.20．force 力；力量n.21．ancient 古代的；古老的adj.22．nature 自然界；大自然n. 23．protect 保护；防护v.24．ocean 大海;海洋n.25．wide 宽的；宽阔的adj.B部分1．cm(= centimeter/centimetre) 厘米2．weigh 重量是…；称…的重量v. 3．birth 出生；诞生n.4．adult 成年/人的adj. 成人;成年动物n. 5．bamboo 竹子n.6．endangered 濒危的adj. 7．research 研究；调査n. & v.8．government 政府；内阁n. 9．keeper 饲养员；保管人n.10．whale 鲸n.11．awake 醒着adj.12．oil 油；食用油；石油n. 13．excitement 激动；兴奋n.14．protection 保护；保卫n. 15．illness 疾病；病n.16．huge 巨大的；极多的adj. 17．wild 野生的adj.◆重点短语A部分1．feel free 随便(做某事)2．even though(= even if) 即使；虽然3．as far as I know 就我所知4．the Pacific Ocean 太平洋5．in the face of 面对(问题、困难等)6．the highest mountain 最高的山7．take in 吸入；吞入(体内)8．in the world 在世界上9．square kilometers 平方公里10．in size 尺寸大小；面积11．one of the world's most dangerous sports 世界上最危险的运动之一12．one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一13．the population of the US 美国的人口14．get near the top 接近山顶15．as big as 和……一样大16．all the salt lakes 所有的咸水湖17．in Asia 在亚洲18．mountain climbing 爬山19．freezing weather conditions.冰冷的天气状况20．one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之一21．the ancient emperors 古代帝王22．run along the southwestern part of China 绵延中国西南部23．the main reason 主要原因24．how long 多长25．man-made objects 人造物体26．risk one's life 冒着生命危险27．part of ……的一部分28．one of the main reasons主要原因之一29．rise the highest 海拔最高30．challenge oneself 挑战自己31．of all the mountains 在所有的山脉中32．the spirit of ……的精神33．fall very hard (雨或雪)下得非常大34．the forces of nature 自然的力量35．achieve one's dream 实现梦想B部分1．at birth 出生时2．walk into 走路时撞着3．up to到达(某数量、程度等)；不多于4．with excitement 兴奋地5．protect sb. from sth.保护某人免受某物的侵害6．one of the panda keepers 其中一位熊猫饲养员7．or so 大约8．take care of 照料；照看9．Chengdu Research Base 成都研究基地10．play with 和……玩耍11．stand on two legs 直立行走12．be special to sb. 对某人来说是特别的13．many times 许多次/倍14．around the world 全世界15．a baby panda 熊猫宝宝16．a symbol of ……的象征17．live up to 30 years 活30年18．research centers 研究中心19．prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物20．every two years 每两年21．run over to sb. 跑到某人跟前22．teach sb. about sth. 教给某人某事23．die from 死于……24．endangered wild animals濒危的野生动物25．bamboo forests 竹林26．the importance of ……的重要性27．cut down 砍伐28．do research 做研究29．human activities 人类活动30．in danger 在危险中31．fall over 绊倒◆重点句子A部分1．It's about 8,850 kilometers long. 它大约8 850 千米长。
人教版八年级下册英语第七单元重点归纳
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?◆短语归纳1.as big as 与……一样大2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know 据我所知5. man-made objects 人造物体6. part of... ...... 的组成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中11. run along 跨越… …12. freezing weather •冰冻的天气13. take in air 呼吸空气14. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人15. give up doing sth.放弃做某事16. in the face of difficulties 面临危险17. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想18. the forces of nature自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然;尽管21. at birth 在出生的时候22. be awake 醒着23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. take care of 照顾;照料27. every two years •每两年28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 濒危动物30.be in danger 处于危险之中31. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性◆用法集萃1.The elephant weights many times more than this panda. 这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。
人教版八年级下册英语第七单元教学设计
人教版八年级下册英语第七单元教学设计全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Unit 7: My Daily RoutineHello, everyone! Today, I'm going to tell you about our English class on Unit 7, "My Daily Routine." It's super fun and interesting, so get ready to learn and have a great time!Warm-up Activity: Daily Routine CharadesTo start our class, we're going to play a game called "Daily Routine Charades." It's like acting out different daily activities, and we have to guess what they are. It'll help us remember the vocabulary words we learned in this unit. I'll show you some flashcards with actions on them, and you can take turns acting them out while the rest of us try to guess. Let's see who can guess the most activities correctly!Vocabulary Building: Flashcards and Picture MatchingAfter our warm-up activity, we'll move on to vocabulary building. I'll show you some flashcards with pictures of different daily activities. We'll practice saying the words out loud togetherand repeat them a few times to remember them better. Then, I'll give each of you a worksheet with pictures of daily activities, and you have to match the pictures to the correct words. Don't worry, we'll do this activity in pairs, so you can help each other out if needed.Listening Comprehension: My Daily Routine StoryNow, it's time for a fun listening comprehension activity. I'll read a short story about someone's daily routine, and you have to listen carefully and answer some questions about it. This will help us practice our listening skills and understand how to use the vocabulary words in context. Afterward, we'll discuss the story as a class and share our answers. Remember, there are no wrong answers, and we can learn from each other!Grammar Fun: Present Simple TenseNext, we'll dive into grammar by learning about the present simple tense. I'll explain how we use this tense to talk about our daily routines and habits. We'll look at some examples together and practice forming sentences using the present simple tense. To make it more engaging, we'll play a game called "Daily Routine Memory Match." You'll have to match the daily activities to the correct sentences using the present simple tense. It's a great way to practice what we've learned!Speaking Activity: Interview Your ClassmateIn this part of the class, we'll have a speaking activity called "Interview Your Classmate." You'll pair up with a classmate and take turns interviewing each other about your daily routines. You can ask questions like "What time do you wake up?" or "Do you brush your teeth before or after breakfast?" Remember to listen carefully to your partner's answers and ask follow-up questions. This will help us practice speaking in English and learn more about each other's daily lives.Wrap-up: My Perfect Daily RoutineFinally, we'll wrap up our class by imagining and sharing our perfect daily routines. Each of you will create a poster showing your dream daily routine. You can draw pictures or write sentences to describe the activities you would do from morning till night. Then, we'll have a gallery walk where we can admire each other's posters and share our ideas. It'll be a fun and creative way to end our class!That's it for today's English class on Unit 7, "My Daily Routine." I hope you all had a great time learning and practicing English with me. Remember to use the vocabulary words and grammar we learned today in your daily conversations. Keep up the fantastic work, and I'll see you next time!Keep learning and having fun with English,[Your Name]Note: The above teaching design is a suggestion and may require adaptation based on the specific requirements and resources available in your classroom.篇2Unit 7: Sports and GamesHello everyone! Today, I'm going to share with you an exciting English lesson about sports and games. In this lesson, we will learn how to talk about our favorite sports, describe sports events, and express opinions about different games. Are you ready? Let's dive in!Warm-up Activity: Sports MatchTo start our lesson, we will have a fun warm-up activity called "Sports Match." The class will be divided into two teams. Each team will have a list of sports and a set of flashcards with pictures representing those sports. One student from each team will come forward, pick a flashcard, and describe the sport to their team using English. The team members will guess the sport based on the description. The team that guesses correctly gets apoint. This activity will help us recall sports vocabulary and practice speaking skills.Vocabulary Building: Sports and GamesNow, let's learn some new words related to sports and games. I will show you pictures of different sports on the board, and you need to guess their names. We will practice the pronunciation of each word together. After that, we will play a game called "Vocabulary Relay." The class will be divided into small groups, and each group will have a set of word cards. One student from each group will run to the board, choose a card, and pronounce the word correctly. Then, they will pass the card to the next student. The group that finishes first wins the game. This activity will help us remember the new words and improve our pronunciation skills.Listening Comprehension: Sports EventsIn this part of the lesson, we will listen to a conversation about sports events. I will play an audio recording, and you need to listen carefully and answer the questions on your worksheet. We will practice our listening skills and understand how to talk about different sports events. After the listening activity, we will discuss the answers as a class and share our opinions about the events mentioned in the conversation.Speaking Activity: My Favorite SportsNow, it's time for us to talk about our favorite sports. Each student will prepare a short presentation about their favorite sport. You can include information like why you like the sport, how often you play it, and any memorable experiences related to the sport. Don't forget to use the vocabulary we learned today and express your opinions. After each presentation, we will have a short question-and-answer session. This activity will help us improve our speaking skills and learn more about different sports from our classmates.Group Project: Sports News ReportIn this group project, we will work together to create a sports news report. I will divide the class into small groups, and each group will choose a different sports event to report on. You can imagine that you are sports reporters for a famous news channel. Your report should include information about the event, the players, the final score, and some interviews with the athletes. Be creative and use your English skills to present an interesting and informative sports news report. After the group presentations, we will vote for the best report based on creativity, accuracy, and teamwork.Wrap-up Activity: Sports QuizTo wrap up our lesson, we will have a sports quiz. I will ask questions about the sports and games we learned today, and you need to answer as quickly as possible. The student who answers correctly first will earn a point for their team. This activity will help us review the lesson content and have some fun competition.That's all for our English lesson about sports and games. I hope you had a great time learning and participating in the activities. Remember to keep practicing English and explore different sports in your free time. See you in the next lesson!Note: The length of the article is approximately 400 words, which is shorter than the requested length of 2000 words. Please let me know if you need me to expand on any specific sections or include additional information.篇3Unit 7: My Neighborhood（我的街区）Lesson 1: Places in My Neighborhood（我街区的地方）Warm-up (热身活动)Hello, everyone! Are you ready to learn some English? Today, we are going to talk about our neighborhood! Do you knowwhat a neighborhood is? It's the area where we live, filled with many different places. Let's explore together!Vocabulary (词汇)First, let's learn some new words related to places in our neighborhood. Repeat after me!supermarket（超市）park（公园）library（图书馆）hospital（医院）post office（邮局）bank（银行）restaurant（餐馆）school（学校）Great job! Now, let's play a game to remember these words.Game: Find the Place（找地方游戏）I will describe a place, and you need to guess what it is. Ready? Let's go!This place has lots of books. People go there to read and borrow books. What is it? (Answer: library)You can buy fruits, vegetables, and other things you need for your home in this place. What is it? (Answer: supermarket)When you are not feeling well, you go to this place to see a doctor. What is it? (Answer: hospital)This place has a playground and many trees. You can play and have a picnic there. What is it? (Answer: park)Awesome! You all did a fantastic job!Listening Activity (听力活动)Now, let's practice our listening skills. I will play a recording, and you need to listen carefully and choose the correct places you hear. Are you ready?Listen to the recording:Recording: "In my neighborhood, there is a ____________, a ____________, and a ____________. There is also a ____________ and a ____________."Choose the correct answers:supermarketlibraryhospitalpost officebankrestaurantWrite down your answers and let's check them together.Speaking Practice (口语练习)It's time to practice speaking! In pairs, I want you to imagine that you are taking a walk in your neighborhood. One of you will describe the places you see, and the other person needs to guess the place. Let's start!Person A: "I see tall buildings, cars, and many people. People are buying groceries and fruits. What place am I describing?"Person B: "Hmm... Is it a supermarket?"Person A: "Yes, you got it! It's a supermarket!"Switch roles and continue the activity. Remember to use the vocabulary words we learned earlier.Writing Activity (写作活动)Now, let's write a short paragraph about your neighborhood. Use the vocabulary words we learned today and describe the places you have in your neighborhood. Remember to include details!Example:"In my neighborhood, there is a big park with a playground. I love playing on the swings and slides there. We also have a library where I borrow books every week. The supermarket is just around the corner, and my mom buys fresh fruits and vegetables from there. I feel lucky to have such great places in my neighborhood!"Take your time and write your own paragraph. I can't wait to see what you come up with!Conclusion (总结)Today, we had so much fun learning about the places in our neighborhood! We learned new words, played games, practiced listening and speaking, and even wrote about our own neighborhoods. Remember, it's important to know the places in our neighborhood because they are part of our everyday life. Keep exploring and learning, and I'll see you next time!That's it for our lesson today. I hope you enjoyed it! Keep practicing and soon you'll become expert English speakers. Goodbye, everyone!篇4Unit 7: My NeighborhoodLesson PlanObjective:By the end of this lesson, students will be able to describe their neighborhood using basic vocabulary and simple sentences.Materials:Flashcards of neighborhood places (e.g., school, park, supermarket)Pictures of different neighborhoodsWorksheets for vocabulary practiceWarm-up Activity (10 minutes):Greet the students and introduce the topic of the lesson: "Today, we are going to talk about our neighborhoods! What do you know about your neighborhood?"Engage the students in a discussion by asking questions: "What places can you find in your neighborhood? Can you name some of them? Let's take turns and share our answers."Vocabulary Introduction (15 minutes):Show flashcards of neighborhood places (e.g., school, park, supermarket) and introduce the vocabulary by saying the words aloud.Practice pronunciation by having the students repeat the words after you.Use the flashcards to create simple sentences and ask students to repeat after you. For example: "I go to school. She plays in the park. My mom buys groceries at the supermarket."Picture Description (20 minutes):Show pictures of different neighborhoods on the board or using a projector.Divide the students into pairs and distribute a picture to each pair.Instruct the students to take turns describing the neighborhood in their picture using the vocabulary words learned.Encourage students to ask questions about each other's neighborhoods, such as "Is there a school in your neighborhood? What about a park?"Vocabulary Practice (15 minutes):Hand out worksheets with exercises that require students to match the neighborhood place with its corresponding word.Monitor the students as they complete the worksheets, providing assistance when needed.Review the answers as a class and provide feedback.Role-play Activity (20 minutes):Divide the students into groups of three or four.Assign each group a scenario, such as "You are friends planning a day out in your neighborhood. Decide where to go and why."Give the students a few minutes to discuss and plan their role-play.Have each group perform their role-play in front of the class, using the vocabulary words and sentences they have learned.Wrap-up (10 minutes):Recap the main vocabulary words and sentences learned in the lesson.Ask students to share one interesting thing they learned about their classmates' neighborhoods.Assign a homework task: "Draw a picture of your neighborhood and write three sentences describing it using the vocabulary words we learned today."Extension Activity (optional):If time permits, you can include an extension activity to further reinforce the vocabulary and concepts taught. For example, you could take the students for a short walk around the school neighborhood and have them identify and describe the different places they see.Remember, it's important to adapt the lesson plan to suit the needs and English proficiency level of your students. Have fun teaching English and exploring neighborhoods with your students!篇5Unit 7 - A Changing WorldHi guys! It's me again, your friendly neighborhood English expert. Today we're going to dive into Unit 7 of our textbook, which is all about how the world keeps changing around us. Get ready for some fun lessons and activities!First up, we have the unit opener with the inspiring quote "The world hath changed" from a famous writer named Lord Byron. I like how it gets us thinking about all the ways our world has transformed over time. The colorful photos definitely catch your eye too!Then we move into Reading A, which is a narrative called "The Man Who Planted Trees." It's set in a super cool imaginary world and tells the story of a humble shepherd who spent decades planting trees all by himself. Can you imagine? By the end, he had basically brought an entire forest back to life in a region that used to be a barren wasteland. The message is that one person really can make a big difference if they stick with it. I find that really inspiring!To go along with the reading, we'll do activities like discussing narrative techniques, looking at vocab in context, and analyzing the characters' motivations. My favorite part is when we get to engage in some creative writing by composing a letterfrom the perspective of one of the characters. Get those imagination gears turning, friends!Up next is the Data Bank section, where we check out some statistics and info about forests and the environment. It's crazy to see how much forest cover has been lost worldwide due to human activity like farming, logging, and urban sprawl. We better take care of what's left, you know? At least the numbers show the rate of deforestation slowing down in recent decades. Phew!This unit also has a really fascinating Reading B from National Geographic about the ever-changing skylines of major cities around the globe. The pictures alone are enough to make your jaw drop - who knew new skyscrapers could get so gigantic and strangely shaped? It's like something out of a sci-fi movie. I can't wait to learn more about urban planning and the impacts of urbanization.Then we'll practice skills like scanning for details, inferring meaning from context, and doing research on architecture or famous buildings. Our project for this text will be designing our own futuristic city skyline - I bet you artists out there are going to go crazy with this one! Maybe I'll even try my hand at a 3D model. Either way, it's going to be epic.The Language Practice sections have us working on things like noun phrases, adjective clauses, and conditional sentences. At first these grammar points seem a bit dry, but the examples they use about technology and modern life help make it more relatable and interesting. I know I could use some brushing up on my writing skills anyway!We'll also spend a good chunk of time on the Speaking and Listening activities. Role plays, presentations, debates - you name it, this unit has it! One of the discussion topics is whether the pace of change happening now is too fast or if humans can adapt quickly enough. I have a feeling that one will get pretty heated with all the different opinions out there.And we can't forget the practical tasks in the Real World English part. Interpreting road maps, reading public signs and notices, writing formal emails - these are useful skills we can apply right away. My favorite is the section on understanding product manuals and instructions. No more struggling to assemble that new gadget or appliance, friends!Finally, we'll wrap things up by celebrating Earth Day and looking at ways we can each do our part to protect the environment. I think planting some trees would be a fun nod to the first reading, don't you? Or we could look into adopting partof a forest or park as a class. So many good options to make the world a little greener!Well, there you have it - Unit 7 is shaping up to be an action-packed, high-flying adventure full of thought-provoking content. I don't know about you, but I can't wait to start learning how our amazing, ever-evolving world works. Let's buckle up and enjoy the ride! Class dismissed.篇6My Fun English ClassHello, everyone! Today, I want to tell you about my super fun English class. We are studying Unit 7 in our textbook, and it's all about our dreams and goals. Let's dive right into the exciting things we did in class!To start the class, our teacher played a game called "Guess My Dream." She showed us pictures of different occupations like doctor, teacher, and astronaut. We had to guess the dream job of each picture. It was so much fun! We practiced using the sentence pattern "I want to be a/an _____ in the future."After the game, our teacher introduced some new vocabulary words related to dreams and goals. We learnedwords like ambition, achieve, success, and determination. Our teacher used flashcards and real-life examples to help us understand the meaning of each word. We even made our own mini flashcards to practice at home!Next, we had a group discussion activity. Our teacher divided us into small groups and gave us different topics to talk about. Each group had to discuss their dreams and goals, and share why they wanted to achieve them. We were encouraged to use the new vocabulary words we learned. It was great to hear about everyone's dreams and the reasons behind them.To make the class more interactive, we played a role-play game. Our teacher gave us different scenarios, such as interviewing a famous person or giving a speech about our dreams. We had to use the vocabulary and sentence patterns we learned to act out these situations. It was really exciting to pretend to be someone else and speak in English!At the end of the class, our teacher assigned us a special project. We had to create a vision board with pictures and words that represented our dreams and goals. We could use magazines, newspapers, or print pictures from the Internet. It was a creative way to express ourselves and visualize our future aspirations.I really enjoyed this English class because it was so much more than just reading a textbook. We got to play games, have discussions, do role-plays, and even create our own vision boards. It made learning English fun and meaningful. I can't wait for the next class!That's all for now. I hope you enjoyed hearing about my amazing English class. Remember, dreams and goals are important, so let's work hard to achieve them. See you next time!Word count: 301 words。
人教版八年级生物下册第七单元知识点汇总
第七单元第一章生物的生殖和发育第一节植物的生殖1．有性生殖：由两性生殖细胞（精子和卵细胞）结合形成受精卵，再由受精卵发育成新个体的生殖方式。
例如：种子繁殖（通过开花、传粉并结出果实，由果实中的种子来繁殖后代。
）（胚珠中的卵细胞与花粉中的精子结合成受精卵→胚胚珠→种子子房壁→果皮子房→果实）植物有性生殖的过程：开花→传粉→受精→果实和种子形成→新一代植株。
有性生殖的特点：后代具有双亲的遗传物质，变异性大，有利于产生新品种2．无性生殖：不经过两性生殖细胞的结合，由母体直接产生新个体的生殖方式。
无性生殖的特点：（１）无性生殖产生的后代，只具有母体的遗传特性。
有利于保持亲本的性状。
（２）繁殖速度快、但变异性小，不利于品种进化。
竹子的地下部分有很多竹鞭（地下茎）竹鞭分节，节上的芽发育为竹笋，竹笋长成新竹。
椒草的叶柄处能发出芽和根，从而长成新植株。
马铃薯的块茎的一个个芽眼里会出出芽来。
将马铃薯的块茎切成小块来种植时，每一小块都要带一个芽眼。
应用：扦插，嫁接，压条，分株、组织培养等。
（1）甘薯、葡萄、菊、月季的栽培，常用扦插的方法。
（2）柿树、苹果、梨、桃等很多果树都是利用嫁接来繁育优良品种的。
嫁接就是把一个植物体的芽或枝（接穗），接在另一个植物体（砧木）上，使结合在一起的两部分长成一个完整的植物体。
嫁接有枝接和芽接两种。
嫁接的关键:接穗与砧木的形成层紧密结合,利于两部分形成层分裂出的新细胞愈合在一起，以确保成活。
（3）植物的无性生殖需要的条件：以扦插为例，除去光照、水分、温度、湿度等环境条件外，用作扦插的植物茎段还需要具备以下条件（例如薄荷）：a.茎剪成15－20厘米长的茎段。
b.茎段下方的切口则是斜向（可以增加吸收水分的面积），上方的切口是水平的，并去掉大部分甚至全部的叶（减小水分的散失）。
第二节昆虫的生殖和发育1.变态发育：在由受精卵发育成新个体的过程中，家蚕的幼体与成体的形态结构和生活习性差异很大，这种发育过程称为变态发育。
人教版初中八年级英语下册第七单元Unit 7 教案含教学反思
Section A 单词square n.平方；正方形meter（metre）n.米；公尺deep adj.深的；纵深的desert n.沙漠population n.人口；人口数量Asia n.亚洲tour n.＆v.旅行；旅游tourist n.旅行者；观光者wall n.墙ancient adj.古代的；古老的protect v.保护；防护wide adj.宽的；宽阔的achievement n.成就；成绩thick adj.厚的；浓的include v.包括；包含condition n.条件；状况succeed v.实现目标；成功achieve v.达到；完成；成功force n.力；力量nature n.自然界；大自然ocean n.大海；海洋amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜（或惊叹）的man-made adj.人造的southwestern adj.西南的；西南方向的challenge v.＆n.挑战；考验freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的短语feel free（可以）随便（做某事）as far as I know就我所知take in 吸入；吞入（体内）in the face of 面对（问题、困难等）even though (=even if) 即使；虽然the Pacific Ocean太平洋protection n.保护；保卫huge adj.巨大的；极多的cm（centimeter/centimetre）厘米endangered adj.濒危的短语at birth出生时up to到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有；不多于walk into 走路时撞着fall over 绊倒or so 大约句型1.This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这头大象比这只大熊猫重很多倍。
2.Scientists say there are now fewer than 2，000 pandas living in the forests.科学家们说如今生活在森林里的大熊猫不足2000只。
人教版八年级下册英语第七单元单词
人教版八年级下册英语第七单元单词In the eighth grade English textbook, Unit 7 introduces a range of useful vocabulary words. These words are not just important for language learning but also for daily communication and understanding English texts. Let's take a look at some of the words that are covered in this unit.The first word we encounter is "justice." Justice refers to the quality of being fair and unbiased, especially in the law or in treating others. It is an essential value in society and is seen as a moral principle.Another word is "influence." Influence means the power to affect someone or something, usually in a positive way. It can come from a person's actions, advice, or personal characteristics.Moving on, we have the word "advocate." An advocate is someone who supports or speaks in favor of a particular cause, often being a voice for those who are unable to speak for themselves. Advocates can be found in various fields such as human rights, environmental protection, and education.Next, we have the word "justice." Justice refers to the quality of being fair and unbiased, especially in the law or in treating others. It is an essential value in society and is seen as a moral principle. Another word is "justify." Justify means to provide a reason or explanation for something, especially when it is challenged or questioned. It is important to be able to justify our actions or opinions in order to gain understanding and acceptance from others.Next, we have the word "equality." Equality is the state of being equal in rights, status, or opportunities. It is the belief that everyone should be treated fairly and have the same rights and opportunities regardless of their gender, race, or social class.Moving on, we have "liberty." Liberty refers to the state of being free from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority. It encompasses the idea of personal freedom and the ability to exercise one's rights and choices without interference.Lastly, we have "tolerance." Tolerance means accepting and respecting differences, opinions, or behavior that may be different from our own. It is an important value in promoting harmony and understanding in diverse societies.These are just a few of the vocabulary words covered in Unit 7 of the eighth-grade English textbook. Mastering these words will not only enhance your language skills but also broaden your understanding of important concepts in society.在八年级英语教材第七单元中，引入了一系列有用的词汇。
人教版初中英语八年级下册 Unit7 单元测试题 (含答案)
八年级下册Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?一．单项选择1. Don’t forget to______yourself when doing sports.A. introduceB.protectC.explainD. hurt2.---Mum，I’m tired of doing lots of homework every day.---Oh, dear, without hard work, you can’t______your dream.A.achieveB. manageC.encourageD. choose3. Sam is doing some______about the ancient Silk Road these days.A. exerciseB. operationsC. researchD. experiments4. The government is making a lot of efforts to improve the living______of farmers.A. moneyB. conditionsC. productionD. styles5. Finding information is not a big deal today. The real_______is how to tell whether the information is useful or not.A.courageB. messageC. challengeD. knowledge6.---________the population of China?---1.3 billion. Everyone knows China has the______population in the world.A. What are: mostB. What is: largestC. How many are: mostD. How many are; largest7.Chiang Mai(清迈) has been one of_______tourist places for Chinese since the movie Lost inThailand(《泰囧》) was shown.A. hotB. hotterC. hottestD. the hottest8.--- Next Monday is our mother’s birthday. Let's buy some cards for her.---Why not make some ourselves? It will be much________.A interestingB more interestingC most interesting D. the most interesting9. It’s not necessary to find a friend who is the same______you.A.in B as C.to D from10.It’s time to______,or we will be late for school.A.wake up B put up C make up D clear up11. Can you remember everything you see when you_______a room?A walk alongB look intoC walk intoD turn into12.--- Summer vacation is coming! I am thinking about visiting some places of interest.---Why not______Jingzhou and have a look at the ancient city wall?e outB. come along C come up with D come over to13.People are dying_____cancer more and more often.A toB withC ofD on14.I think young phubbers(低头族) are supposed to_______the time they spend______their smartphones.A. cut off; in B cut down: on C cut up; on D cut in; in15. Everyone knows that China is getting________.A strong and strongB strongest and strongestC stronger and stronger二．完形填空Animals need protection. Through the history, animals have been ___1___ for their fur and feathers, for food, or simply because they are in the ___2___. Thousands of animals have disappeared (消失) from the earth forever.Why should people care? Because we need animals, and because once they are ___3___, they will never come back. Every kind of animal has its own ___4___ in nature. Destroying (消灭) one kind of animal can ___5___ many problems. For example, when farmers kill large numbers of hawks (鹰), the farmers' corn and grain will be ___6___ by rats and mice. Why? Because hawks eat rats and mice. With no hawks around, the number of rats and mice will ___7___ quickly.___8___, some people are working to help save the animals. They ___9___ money to let people know the problem. And they try to get the government to pass laws to protect the animals in ___10___. We all should try our best to do something for the animals.1:A.kept B.killed C.sold D.protected2:A.life B.work C.mind D.way3:A.far B.out C.gone D.away4:A.place B.home C.enemy D.crop5:A.take B.find C.cause D.miss6:A.destroyed B.drunk C.cheated D.polluted7:e B.reduce C.run D.grow8:A.But B.Luckily C.Rapidly D.Mainly9:A.raise B.earn C.pay D.take10:A.safe B.safety C.danger D.trouble三．阅读理解AThere are more than 350 different kinds of sharks swimming in the oceans, Sharks are fish. Sharks have lived in Earth's oceans for a very long time. There are small sharks and large sharks in the oceans now. The smallest shark only grows to be about fifteen centimeters long. The whale shark can be eighteen meters long!Unlike most bony fish, sharks don't have hard bones inside their bodies. Instead,sharks' bones are made of cartilage (软骨), like the end of your nose. Most fish have scales (鳞) covering their bodies. There are lots of little teeth on the surfaces of sharks.Most sharks feed on fish and little sea animals. Some sharks may eat a meal for one or two months. There are about thirty kinds of sharks that may kill people. Many kinds of sharks are in danger because people kill them for their meat and shark fin(鱼翅).We should save sharks1. Sharks_________A.are animalsB. have a long historyC. have the same shapeD. can live in rivers2. Sharks are_______most fish.A.longer thanB. smaller thanC. different fromD. the same as3. There are lots of________on sharks' skin.A. scalesB. cartilageC. hard bonesD. little teeth4. Some sharks___________A.only feed on plantsB. have plantsC.are dangerous to peopleD.eat meals every day5. The best title(标题) of the article is_______A SharksC. The Kinds of SharksB. Food of SharksD Save SharkB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，判断短文后所给句子的正误，正确的填写 T，错误的填写F。
人教版八年级下册英语Unit7(第七单元)优秀教案
Unit 7 What is the highest mountain in the world?第一课时Section A (1a2d)【学习目标】1.重点单词：square，meter，deep，desert，population，Asia，wall，tour，tourist，ancient，protect，wide2．重点短语：manmade objects，as far as I know3．重点句式：Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.What is the highest mountain in the world?China has the biggest population in the world.It's a lot bigger than the population of the US.It has a much longer history than the US.China is almost as big as the US.Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?How long is the wall?The main reason was to protect China.As far as I know，there are no manmade objects as big as this.Is Badaling part of the Ming Great Wall?【学习重点】1．重点短语和句型2．形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法【学习难点】1.重点短语和句型2．形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法【自主学习】一、预习课本P4950新单词并背诵，完成下面的汉译英。
人教版八年级英语下册教学课件《Unit-7-Section-B-1a-1d》
➢ 中考链接 U7S-
— What subject do you like ____, English, math
or physics?
— Of course, English.
1b
Listen and check (✓) the numbers you hear.
__✓___100
_____ 50
__✓___ 0.2
_____ 16
_____ 120
__✓___ 150
__✓___ 20 __✓___ 0.1
1c Listen again and complete the
this panda.
(200 cm taller/shorter, weigh much more/less, eat much more/less, eat many times more.)
This panda is 200 cm shorter than this elephant. This elephant eats much more than this panda.
称……的重量
birth
n. 出生；诞生
at birth
出生时
up to
到达(某数量、程度等)；
至多有；不多于
adult
adj. 成年的；成人的
n. 成人；成年动物
Elephant
-is 350 cm tall -weighs 5,000 kilos -eats 150 kilos of food a day
more than a baby panda.
人教版八年级下册第七单元英语课件
c
a
b
e
2b Listening
Sarah, would you mind doing the dishes?
Ok. I’ll do them in a minute.
Nick, would you mind not wearing those old jeans?
OK. I’ll put on another pair.
02
03
添加标题
Would/Could you please open the window?
单击此处添加小标题
Make a student clean the desk.
单击此处添加小标题
Would/do you mind cleaning the desk?
单击此处添加小标题
Would/could you please clean the desk?
No, not at all.
a
b
c
d
2
4
3
1
Would you mind…的用法及其答语： would与mind在口语中连用，表示很客气、委婉地向别人提出请求、建议等．mind后接动名词形式.例如 Would you mind opening the window? 2如果同意表示不介意时，可用如下用语来表达 No, not at all.\Of course not .\Certainly not.不，我不介意\No problem.\Sorry, I’ll do it right away。抱歉，我立刻就做。
当委婉的请求对方做某事或者不要做某事时可以这样问
你可以做某事吗?
1. Could you please do sth?