2016年华东师范大学学科教学(英语)考研
2016年华东师范大学学科教学（英语）考研
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一、华东师范大学学科教学（英语）考研科目有哪些？
学科教学（英语）专业要求学生掌握现代外语教育理论、积极参加英语教育教学实践和研究。
(101)思想政治理论
(201)英语一
(913)综合英语（A）
华东师范大学学科教学（英语）考研考试科目全国统一命题，参见教育部考试中心编制的考试大纲。
备注：
华东师范大学学科教学（英语）专业为教育硕士，专业学位。
二、华东师范大学学科教学（英语）考研研究方向有哪些？
华东师范大学学科教学（英语）考研不区分研究方向。
三、华东师范大学学科教学（英语）考研参考书目有哪些？
《教育学》王道俊、王汉澜主编，人教出版社。
《中国教育史》孙培青主编，华东师大出版社。
《外国教育史》戴本博主编，人教出版社。
《普通心理学》彭聃龄主编，北师大出。
807 语言学基本理论
《语言学教程》（修订版）北大出版社胡壮麟
四、华东师范大学学科教学（英语）考研报录比怎么样？
华东师范大学2013年考研学科教学（英语）（专业学位）专业招生人数为10。
华东师范大学2012年考研学科教学（英语）（专业学位）专业招生人数为10。
华东师范大学2011年考研学科教学（英语）（专业学位）专业招生人数为15。
五、学科教学（英语）考研院校推荐怎么样？
目前，国内的高校开设学科教学（英语）这门课程的和声誉比较好的有：(10027)北京师范大学、(10200)东北师范大学、(10246)复旦大学、(10486)武汉大学
(10487)华中科技大学、(10533)中南大学、(10269)华东师范大学
六、学科教学（英语）考研就业方向怎么样？
一般来说，学科教学（英语）考研毕业生会选择从事教书、翻译、文秘，也可以进公司干行政或者公关，有些学生可以选择策划管理以及进媒体工作。
华东师范大学研究生公共英语学位课程学习要求
华东师范大学研究生公共英语学位课程学习要求研究生公共英语课程是研究生必修的学位公共课程，按《非英语专业硕士生英语（一外）教学大纲》和沪学位办（96）33号文《关于加强研究生外语应用能力培养的通知》精神，特制定本学习要求。
一、硕士研究生修读要求1．学术学位硕士研究生公共英语学位课程教学的目的是培养学生具有较熟练的阅读能力，一定的写译、听说能力，能够以英语为工具进行本专业的学习和研究。
2．公共英语学位课程教学安排在第一学年内完成，学术学位研究生公共英语以“研究生通用学术英语”和“高级英语语言技能”系列为主，要求修满规定的4学分课程。
研究生每学期根据所属校区开设的课程选修一门课程，两个学期不能选修课程名称相同的课程。
3．学术学位硕士研究生公共英语学位课程成绩以百分制计，学生完成课程选课、修读、考试，课程总评成绩合格者可获规定学分。
总评成绩不及格且达到40分及以上者可补考，总评成绩为40分（不含40分）以下者需重修。
补考不合格者需重修。
4．专业学位研究生的公共英语课程由学校或学院统一安排（其中，教育硕士（免费师范生）研究生的课程由教育专业学位管理中心通过远程开设），具体参见本专业培养方案的要求，课程学习时间与学习方式相关联。
学校统一开设的公共英语课为2学分，一般在第一学年内（任一学期）安排，研究生不需要选课，由学校委托大学英语教学部依托项目，结合专业学位类别/领域，开展教学，课时为36课时。
5．学校对2018级非英语类专业的研究生进行英语水平认证，达到以下条件之一者，学术型研究生可申请免修第二学期的公共英语课程，专业学位研究生可申请免修公共英语课程，但不免考，需要跟着同专业研究生参与相关教学班级的考核，公共英语课程成绩以考核成绩记载：（1）最近两年内从全日制高校英语专业本科毕业的；（2）最近两年内在全日制高校担任英语专业或大学英语教师的；（3）最近两年内参加雅思考试，雅思成绩（平均分）7.5及以上；或托福考试，托福成绩在100及以上的；符合上述条件之一者，可在第一学期期末，向所在培养单位研究生工作秘书提出申请，并提供相关证书（其中上述第2条应由曾任教的高校出具证明），经所在培养单位及研究生院培养办公室审核通过后，可以免修第二学期的公共英语课程。
2016年考研英语真题及解析
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In Cambodia，the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations，or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days， 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 ,but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] if14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [ D]avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A]wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D]whatever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18. [A] divided [B] invested [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A]clears [B] warms [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A]while [B] so what [C]once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that”incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look tointangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support. A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing itschance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could beinfluenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. ”Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper – printing presses, delivery trucks – isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online – only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge atthe Times? ”I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year – more than twice as much as a digital – only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a ” legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Make it efficient[G]Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips:41_________________________As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK42________________________Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that )43 ________________________Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44 _______________________Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45 ________________________The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child.It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives. (49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words. Providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures In your essay, you should1) describe the pictures briefly2) interpret the meaning , and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)1、【答案】[B] as well as【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，“择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友”显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as 表示并列关系。
历年华东师范大学考研初试复试各专业报录比汇总大全
60
13
1
4
364
46
69
8.33%
27
全日制
2017
155经济与管理学部专业学位教育中心
025100金融
885
252
40
120
370
46
69
18.08%
28
全日制
2017
155经济与管理学部专业学位教育中心
025200应用统计
259
131
20
60
382
46
69
30.89%
29
39
59
35.42%
74
全日制
2017
142河口海岸科学研究院
070702海洋化学
8
2
4
7
307
39
59
137.50%
75
全日制
2017
142河口海岸科学研究院
070703海洋生物学
8
3
2
6
293
39
59
100.00%
76
全日制
2017
142河口海岸科学研究院
070704海洋地质
7
2
0
8
351
39
59
078401教育技术学
73
32
16
25
338
39
59
56.16%
57
全日制
2017
151教育学部
120403教育经济与管理
64
20
13
23
355
46
69
56.25%
58
2016年全日制教育硕士参考书(333教育综合参考书)
2016年全日制教育硕士参考书（333教育综合参考书）(感谢凯程罗老师对本文的有益指导.)全日制教育硕士也就是我们俗称的“333教育硕士”或者是专硕，由于教育硕士相比较学术型硕士来讲考试科目比较简单，而且学习期限也短，所以最近几年越来越热，受到很多在职人员的青睐。
全日制教育硕士的参考书目除了首师大、河北师大，广州大学，广西师大等几所院校不一样，其他大部分学校都是按照国家统一大纲来的。
由于很多同学对于全日制教育硕士的参考书目感到困惑，所以针对这方面的情况，整理了相关的资料，供各位考生大家参考，希望可以给各位的考研带来一定帮助。
总的来讲全日制教育硕士考试科目为：政治、英语二、教育综合（相对于学术型硕士来说不用考教育研究方法）以及专业课。
一、首师大全日制教育硕士参考书目老师提醒大家一定要按照专家的意见购买书籍，以免耽误备考。
869 教育管理《教育管理学》北京师范大学出版社1999年版陈孝彬869 教育管理《教育管理学导论》原子能出版社2007年4月（第三版）傅树京870 人格心理学《人格心理学--世纪心理学丛书》浙江教育出版社2002年09月黄希庭著870 人格心理学《人格理论》陕西师范大学出版社（美）里赫曼（Ryckman,R.M.）著871 思想政治教育学《课程研究》教育科学出版社（最新版）施良方871 思想政治教育学《学校道德教育原理》教育科学出版社（最新版）檀传宝871 思想政治教育学《思想政治学科心理研究》人民出版社04年版兰维、田国秀872 汉语与写作《现代汉语》高等教育出版社版本不限黄伯荣廖序东主编873 数学基础《数学分析》高等教育出版社（第二、三版）华东师范大学数学系873 数学基础《高等代数》高等教育出版社（第二、三版）北京大学874 综合物理《力学基础》人民教育出版社1997漆安慎，杜蝉英等874 综合物理《电磁学》高等教育出版社2004梁灿彬875 普通化学《无机化学》（上、下）高等教育出版社（第四版）北京师范大学等三校875 普通化学《有机化学》（上、下）高等教育出版社（第四版）曾昭琼主编876 英语学科教学《语言教学的流派（第二版）（Approaches and methods in language teaching）》外语教学与研究出版社，2008年11月第1版（翻印）Jack C. Richards & Theodore S. Rodgers编876 英语学科教学《二语习得引论（Introducing Second Language Acquisition）》外语教学与研究出版社，2008年12月第1版（翻印）Muriel Saville-Troike编877 历史教育学《历史学科教育学》首都师范大学出版社2000年第1版于友西，叶小兵等著878 地理教育学综合《地理教学论》上海教育出版社，1999陈澄主编879 中外音乐史《西方音乐通史》上海音乐出版社于润洋主编879 中外音乐史《中国音乐通史简编》山东教育出版社孙继南周柱栓主编880 美术教育学《美术教育学新编》高等教育出版社，1990尹少淳著880 美术教育学《全日制义务教育美术课程标准》北京师范大学出版社，2001教育部880 美术教育学《普通高中美术课程标准》人民教育出版社，2003教育部881 计算机应用基础综合考试《计算机科学导论》（第2版）机械工业出版社2009年B. Forouzan881 计算机应用基础综合考试《计算机导论》（第2版）电子工业出版社2008王玉龙主编883 科学技术史自然学科教学设计《科学技术史》武汉大学出版社张密生主编883 科学技术史自然学科教学设计《自然科学学习与教学设计》上海教育出版社，2005年9月陈刚主编884 普通生物学基础《陈阅增普通生物学》高等教育出版社（第2版）2005吴相钰主编888 学前教育学《学前教育学》人民教育出版社黄人颂二、全国其他院校可以参考以下参考书目。
华东师范大学333教育学综合参考书目及经验分享
华东师范大学333教育学综合参考书目及经验分享(感谢凯程罗老师对本文的有益指导.)华东师范大学（英语：East China Normal University）简称华东师大或华师大，创建于1951年，是新中国创办的第一所师范大学，是教育部直属、教育部与上海市共建的首批全国重点大学，是国家“211工程”、“985 工程”重点建设的高水平研究型大学，也是国家“111计划”和“长三角高校合作联盟”的重要成员。
学校现有闵行校区和中山北路校区，分别坐落在上海市闵行区和普陀区，校园环境幽美，被誉为远东最美校园。
华东师范大学与复旦大学、上海交通大学、同济大学、华东理工大学并称沪上“五大名校”。
华东师范大学招收的全日制教育硕士有学科教学（语文）、学科教学（英语）、学科教学（数学）、学前教育、特殊教育。
华东师范大学全日制教育硕士的考试科目是政治、英语、333教育学综合还有一门专业课的。
华东师范大学全日制教育硕士333教育综合的参考书目是：王道俊、郭文安主编：《教育学》，人民教育出版社孙培青主编：《中国教育史》，华东师范大学出版社张斌贤主编，王晨副主编：《外国教育史》，教育科学出版社张大均主编：《教育心理学》，人民教育出版社陈琦、刘儒德主编：《教育心理学》，高等教育出版社华东师范大学教育学考研成功经验分享：考入华东师范大学教育学专业总分：362 专业课：223业精于勤荒于嬉，行成于思而毁于随-----我的考研经验我开始准备考研的时候是在2012年的4月份，当时在网上买了一套书就开始慢慢看起来了，我当时参加了2012年的凯程成功学员经验交流会，他们给予了我很多帮助，而且加了他们QQ，后来备考途中也从他们那里得到了许多帮助，当时凯程还赠送了一些资料，那时就在想，凯程好好啊，我都不是学员就给赠资料了——虽然那个时候还没下定决心报凯程的考研辅导班，毕竟家里的条件不是很好，但是已经有点意向了，毕竟资料是真的需要的啊。
随着书一本本的看过去，我变得越来越迷茫，看完一本书我就忘了一本书的内容，完全不知道讲的什么……问我什么都是一问三不知的——当时手里有一本大纲解析，但是觉得还是挺没谱的，所以就在网上找信息，加了凯程一个老师的群，这个群也是之前成功学员后来告诉我的，在这上面我正好找到了一个报了班但是突然间家里有急事不能考研的同学，然后他就把这个班便宜转给我了——虽然那个时候凯程基础班的视频已经给他了，我就不能再拿了，但是还是很感谢他，而且凯程的老师也真的是非常好，没有歧视我这种半路插班的学生，对待我也和其他学员一样，给了我勇气和信心。
2016年东华大学考研参考书目
《纺织材料学》，于伟东主编，中国纺织出版社2006年版
834
生物医用纺织材料基础
《生物医学材料》,李玉宝,化学工业出版社2003年版；
《生物医用纺织品》，王璐、金马汀，中国纺织出版社2011年版。
835
政治学原理
《政治学概论（第二版）》，孙关宏等编，复旦大学出版社，2008年
836
信号与系统
初试科目参考书目
科目代码
科目名称
参考书目
-
无
第三单元无考试科目
--
无
第四单元无考试科目
101
思想政治理论
全国统考科目
199
管理类联考综合能力
全国联考科目
201
英语一
全国统考科目
202
俄语
全国统考科目
203
日语
全国统考科目
204
英语二
全国统考科目
211
翻译硕士英语
《全国英语专业八级考纲》《英语写作手册》，丁往道编，北京பைடு நூலகம்语教学与研究出版社
计算机学科专业基础综合
全国统考科目
434
国际商务专业基础
1.《国际商务》，王炜瀚王健梁蓓，机械工业出版社，2013年5月第1版，ISBN 978-7-111-42330-0；
2.《国际管理》英文版（第7版），海伦?德雷斯基，清华大学出版社，2012年1月第1版，ISBN 978-7-302-27708-8
F0002
综合面试
专业素质及综合能力、专业外语水平、实践（实验）能力
F0101
专业综合（一）
四选二：
《纺纱学》，郁崇文编，中国纺织出版社2009年版
《织造学》，朱苏康主编，中国纺织出版社2008年版
2016年12月研究生英语学位课统考(GET)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2016年12月研究生英语学位课统考（GET）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. VOCABULARY 3. CLOZE 4. READING COMPREHENSION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection A Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.听力原文：1. W: John, how far away are we from the desert?M: About 300 miles. We have to get some gas. Service stations on the highway are few and far between. W: That’s a good idea. Q: What can we learn about driving along this highway?2. M: Would you please tell me how to get to Times Square from here?W: Sure. You can take the subway or a bus. You can also get there on foot if you are not exhausted now. M: Sorry. I didn’t catch that. Q: What does the man mean?3. W: Attention please. Our schedule for today will start by visiting the Forbidden City in the morning. After lunch at a nearby restaurant, we are going to the Summer Palace. We’ll probably return to our hotel around 7 p.m.M: Will we be free in the evening?W: Yes. We have no particular arrangement in the evening.Q: What is the woman’s job likely to be?4. W: I was told that you have broken up with your girlfriend. Is that true?M: Yes, it’s true. She’s always been rude to me, but the last straw was when she started insulting my mother. Q: What can we learn about this man?5. M: Hello, Jane. Haven’t seen you for ages. How are you doing?W: Not bad. I’m working as a sales representative. I travel a lot. That’s why you rarely see me. M: Why did you quit your job as the CEO’s secretary? W: I became fed up with making or answering telephone calls all day. Q: Why did the woman change her job?1．A．There are many gas stations.B．There are few gas stations.C．There are various risks.D．There are few cars on the road.正确答案：B解析：女士说：我们离沙漠还有多远?男士说：大约300英里。
华东师范大学2016年外语学院硕士研究生录取名单公示1
华东师范大学2016年外语学院硕士研究生录取名单公示11学科教学（英语）10269621****061晁**婷77278.7696.7 2学科教学（英语）10269621****014张**蕾68284.4668.4 3学科教学（英语）10269621****035冯**楠622766634学科教学（英语）10269621****073黄**堃68281.4653.4 5学科教学（英语）10269621****075郭**习712796486学科教学（英语）10269621****011魏**婷66276.3638.3 7学科教学（英语）10269621****024吴**怡72281.1634.1 8学科教学（英语）10269621****048于**英612586319学科教学（英语）10269621****047徐**菁70267.6626.6 10英语语言文学10269621****039郭**澜75267.9669.9 11英语语言文学10269621****028应**霞67271.5665.5 12英语语言文学10269621****007姜**迎67266.4665.4 13英语语言文学10269621****019宣**琦75257.4663.4 14英语语言文学10269621****026陈**佳68264661 15英语语言文学10269621****037袁**丁76250.2646.216英语语言文学10269621****014侯**源62265.5637.5 17英语语言文学10269621****011王**琪69255630 18俄语语言文学10002611****127纪**燕283.2283.2 19俄语语言文学10271621****403冯**燕266.1266.1 20法语语言文学10269621****007王**娜65273.3652.3文章来源：文彦考研旗下华东师范大学考研网。
2016考研英语（一）真题及答案解析（详细）
2016考研英语（⼀）真题及答案解析（详细）2016考研英语(⼀)真题及答案解析Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text。
Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark [A]，[B]，[C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1。
（10 points）In Cambodia， the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male。
It may involve not only his parents and hisfriends， __1__those of the young woman， but also a matchmaker。
A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations，or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse，giving the child little to say in the selection。
__4__，a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen。
__5__ a spouse has been selected，each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family。
The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair。
2016年研究生学位英语统考真题
2016年学位课统考真题(A卷)Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 1 point each)1. A Beauty has advantages and disadvantages.B. Beauty has different meanings to different people.C. Beauty brings attention and opportunities.D. Beauty comes from action and good qualities.2. A. She is using the book now.B. She may give him a hand.C. She can’t lend him the book.D. She will keep the book for him.3. A Rachel lives fairly close to her.B Rachel visits her quite often.C Rachel comes here once a month.D Rachel rarely gets to see her.4. A She forgot about the time change.B She didn’t receive the text messageC Her roommate forgot to give her the message.D Her roommate was too nervous to tell her.5. A He should have got better grades.B The test was based on lecture material.C She misplaced her textbook.D Small luck plays a big role.6. A On the 16th of June.B. On the 18th of June.C On the 9th of June.D On the 8th of June.7. A. Go to sleep.B. Watch the movie later.C Change the channel.D Set the alarm clock.8. A Wear a formal suit.B Wear casual clothes.C Dress up for the party.D Dress in a costume.9. A. She likes to drink coffee.B She rarely wakes up early.C She needs tea to feel alert.D She always skips breakfast.Section BMini-talk One10. A Southern Europe.B United Arab EmiratesC. North Africa.D. The United States.11. A The wings B The tail C The windowsD The engines12. A To change the airplane industryB To make a trip in a tiny plane.C. To overcome weather issues.D To prove the power of new energy sources.Mini-talk Two13. A Feeling sleepy at work.B Feeling sad or depressedC Feeling unable to think clearly.D Feeling tired in the morning.14. A Time zone change.B An extra hour of sleepC Travel by air far distancesD Unmatched work schedule and lifestyle15. A Nighttime work is hard on some of the workers.B Early risers have litter improvement in wellbeing.C A better rest can benefit employers financially.D Workers report the same level of improvement.Section C16. Choose clothing that fits the employer’s ______(2 words) and keep yourself clean and tidy.17. Leave your house in _____(3 words) to arrive at least 15 minutes early for your interview.18. Firmly ____(2 words) , right hand only, even if you’re left-handed.19. If the interviewer seems distracted, lighten the atmosphere by telling an ____(3 words) story about your qualifications.20. If you don’t understand a question orstatement, ask the interviewer to ____(3 words) it.Part II. V ocabulary ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A (0.5 points)21. Digital technology can be used to alleviate the harmful side effects brought about by farming.A intensifyB reduceC triggerD convert22. It is believed that any improvement in water efficiency would be of considerable benefit .A enormousB marginalC potentialD beneficial23. Materials science is rapidly transforming the way that everything from cars to light bulbs is made.A enhancingB multiplyingC alteringD pursuing24. The economy of the United States is probably the envy of the world, and its armedforces are unrivalled.A unmatchedB ungrounded D undefined D unpurified25. The central government of China has set about boosting the consumption of greener energy.A discardedB demandedC cancelledD initiated26. Her voice had a peculiarly engaging quality; it was deep, a little husky, and one always heard the breath vibrating behind it.A appealingB disgustingC emergingD painstaking27. Purchase of a second-hand house is a difficult problem that requires careful assessment.A predictionB evaluationC elaborationD assimilation28. A number of ingenious techniques are employed to make the workmanship more delicate.A recruitedB hiredC adopted Dcreated29. The business will show a profit in September provided that sales remain steady all summer.A as soon asB on condition thatC in order thatD by the time30. The miners who had been stuck underground for days were taken to a hospital right away.A for the time beingB behind the timesC at timesD in no timeSection B (0.5 point each)31. Some infectious diseases, such as AIDS, take a heavy___on human immunity.A impactB lossC tollD casualty32. Because of poor grammar, some sentences in research papers by Chinese students seem ___to the reviewers.A incomprehensibleB inedibleC inestimableD irreplaceable33. Almost each college student is equippedwith a cell phone, laptop and other electronic ____A galaxiesB ornamentsC utensilsD gadgets34. Running for president is ____ demanding , emotionally draining, and physically taxing.A incoherentlyB intellectuallyC intimatelyD invalidly35. The common pattern of human influence on tropical rainforest is a ____ of the habitat into smaller patches.36. State leaders of each generation have to think about how to ___complicated economic issues.A adoreB assembleC addressD alienate37. In 2008, Sarkozy threatened to boycott the Olympic Games in Beijing, ___kowtow shortly afterwards by promising never to interfe re with China’s affairs.A only toB so as toC as toD prior to38. New methods of irrigation can reducewater consumption by roughly 30%____conventional systems.A but forB compared withC related toD other than39. As long as you are pursuing your dream, your efforts will eventually ____.A wear offB pay offC ward offD turn off40. The younger you begin ____, the easier it is to remain physically active throughout your life.A setting outB figuring outC running outD working outPart III Cloze Test ( 10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)A college education is completely necessary for each of us, but we have to ask what it –41—to get into college? High school grades and standardized tests are still the most common measurements. –42—this information is often considered alongsideother sources of information, other indicators of college potential are typically not considered if high school grades and standardized test scores don’t reach a certain –43---.Even though standardized test scores do predict –44—performance and job performance, relying so heavily on these scores is problematic –45—a number of reasons. For one, studies have found that the SAT is a better predictor of college performance for white students. –46—reason is that other key skills are neglected that contribute to life success, defined more –47—than merely the capacity for academic learning, including active learning –48--, natural motivation, social-emotional intelligence, imagination and creativity. Creativity and imagination are particularly important skills in this century, --49—how quickly this world is changing. This world needs people who are not only quick learners,but also reflective learners as well as –50--- of new knowledge.41.A.means B takes C seems D likes42.A. But B However C While D Yet43.A.standard B destination C aspect D perspective44.A physical B artistic C mechanical D academic45.A because of B due to C for D owing to46.A The second B A second C Second D The other47.A broadly B narrowly C usually D strictly48.A outcomes B advantages C qualifications D strategies49.A concerning B regarding C considering D involving50.A applicants B creators C witnesses D successorsApply, application, applicantSucceed, successive, succeeding , successorsContinual , continuous80 Years has witnessed the ups and downs of ……Standard, level, criteriaWater table, water levelHigh level, low levelDesign criteriaStandard for designPart IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneA year ago, my boss announced that our large New York ad agency would be moving to an open office. After nine years as a seniorwriter, I was forced to trade in my private office for a seat at a long, shared table. It felt like my boss had ripped off my clothes and left me standing in my underwear.However, about 70 percent of U.S. offices now have no or low partitions. Silicon Valley has been the leader in bringing down the dividers. Google, Yahoo and American Express are all adherents. Facebook designed the largest open floor plan in the world, housing nearly 3,000 engineers.Adhere to …These new floor plans are ideal for maximizing a company’s space while minimizing costs. Bosses love the ability to keep a closer eye on their employees, ensuring movie-watching, constant social media-browsing and unlimited personal cellphone use isn’t occupying billing hours. While employees feel like they’re part of a relaxed, innovative enterprise, theenvironment ultimately damages workers’attention spans, creativity and satisfaction. Furthermore, a sense of privacy boosts job performance, while the opposite can cause feeling of helplessness. In addition to the distractions, my colleagues and I have been more vulnerable to illness. Last flu season took down a succession of my co-workers like dominoes.As the new space intended, I’ve formed interesting, unexpected bonds with my colleagues. But my personal performance at work has hit an all-time low. Each day, my associates and I are seated at a table staring at each other, having an ongoing 12-person conversation from 9 a.m to 5 p.m. those who have worked in private offices for decades have proven to be the most noisy and tough. They haven’t had to consider how their loud habits affect others, so I can only work effectively during times when no one else is around, or if I isolate myself in one of thesmall, constantly sought-after, glass-windowed meeting rooms.To make the open-office model work, employers have to take measures to improve work efficiency. For one, they should create more private areas----ones without open windows. Also, they should implement rules on when interaction should be limited. And please, let’s eliminate the music that blankets our workspaces. Companies could simply join another trend----allowing employees to work from home. That model boosts productivity, with employees working more hours and taking fewer breaks. There are fewer interruptions when employees work remotely. At home, my greatest distraction is the refrigerator.51. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?A The author enjoyed working in an open office.B This open-office model has gainedpopularity.C Companies are compelled to shift to an open office.D Google and Yahoo refuse to go along with the trend.52. Large open floor plans can help bosses to ____A reduce investment in research.B show movies to workers in the officeC supervise co-workers’ conversations.D restrict the use of personal cell phones.53. According to Paragraph 4, an open office ____A can benefit workers’ mental health.B brings no relaxation to workers at all.C adversely affects productivity and health.D contribute to better productivity .54. It can be concluded from Paragraph 5 that in an open office ___A fellow workers are likely to spend a long time talking.B one’s personal performance can beimproved easily.C work efficiency can be ensured amid frequent interaction.D most of the workers can easily become close friends.55. The last sentence of this passage suggests that the author___A can hardly concentrate on his work at home.B often suffers from the noise of the refrigerator.C works more efficiently at home than in the open office.D has nobody to talk to while working at home.56. The central idea of this passage is that the open-office model___A should be highly recommended.B is destroying the workplace.C is more of a blessing than a curse.D proves to be quite innovativePassage TwoThe mosquito-borne Zika virus, which has spread to 22 countries in the Americas, is terrifying to pregnant women and their partners. The virus may cause birth defects in babies whose mothers were infected during pregnancy. In Brazil more than 4,000 have been born with abnormally small heads since last October, compared with fewer than 200 in a typical year. The response of several governments has triggered a debate about abortion and birth control which may outlast the outbreak itself.OutbreakBreak outStudent-leading movementStudent-led movement.Input, output , outset, outskirts, outspread, uphold,Outgrow, outlastMan-eating society , man-eaten societyMan-made satelliteSound-producing insectsIt started after some governments advised women to delay getting pregnant. Colombia, which has the second-highest number of infections after Brazil, advised women to wait six to eight months. Jamaica issued a similar recommendation, even though no cases of Zika have yet been reported there. El Salvador’s government suggested that women should delay pregnancy until 2018. Panama warned women from vulnerable communities not to conceive.Some women find this advice rather bossy. Others say that governments have done little to help women control their fertility. A lobby group in New York notes that rates of teenage pregnancy in Latin America are among theworld’s highest, as 56% of pregnancies in Latin America and the Caribbean are unintended.Rates of accidental pregnancy are high because sex education is inadequate and birth control is hard to come by. Health workers are reluctant to prescribe contraceptives to teenagers or to women who have not yet given birth. If women are to avoid pregnancy, governments must inform them better and provide more access to contraception for both men and women.Some argue that the Zika crisis should prompt countries to liberalize policies that severely restrict abortion. In El Salvador, which does not allow abortion even if a woman’s life is at risk, activists are stepping up their campaign for a change in the law. A Brazilian newspaper argued that Brazil should end its ban on most abortions.Rather than calling on women to delay pregnancy, Brazil is sensibly concentrating itsefforts on the mosquito responsible, which also carries dengue and yellow fever. The country had stamped out the threat by 1958 but let down its guard and allowed it to return. The health minister announced that insect repellent will be distributed to 400,000 expectant mothers. Some 310,000 health workers are teaching people how to keep mosquitoes at bay. Following WHO guidelines, Brazil advises women contemplating pregnancy on how to avoid getting bitten by mosquitoes. Women need facts, not fertility targets.57. The first paragraph is primarily concerned with ___A the harm done by the Zika virus.B abortion and birth controlC the response of some countries.D the origin of the Zika virus .58. The rate of infections with the Zika virus is the highest in ___A ColombiaB BrazilC Jamaica DPanama59. Rates of accidental pregnancy are high in Latin America because of the following except ___A insufficient sex education or information on pregnancy.B the reluctance to prescribe contraceptives to teenagers.C poor accessibility of birth control for men and women.D the extremely low rate of marriage in some countries.60. Which of the following is true according to this passage?A Abortion is strictly prohibited in the whole of Latin America.B Activists in El Salvador are fighting for the right to abortion.C Brazil has managed to eliminate the mosquito responsible.D Most women have been convinced of the advice by governments.61. The underlined words in the last paragraph probably mean ____A stay away from mosquitoesB try to make mosquitoes extinctC confine mosquitoes to the beachD culture some new mosquitoes62. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A How to Contain the Zika Virus?B health during PregnancyC To Breed, or not to BreedD Measures of Birth ControlCheck :Passage ThreeAfter a jury convicted ex-Virginia Governor, Bob McDonnell, I wrote an op-ed calling attention to the “real stars”of the McDonnell case. It is easy to get distracted by the sensational details of the new case, but it would be better to focus on the big picture.Ex-husband …Ex-president. Late-presidentVice-president ….Deputy-presidentProfessor, associate-professor , lecturer , assistant …The judge convicted him of robbery.The judge convicted him to 15 years’imprisonment.Convince convincing factsAssure sb of sth , assure sb that clause ….I assure him of my honesty .I assure him that I am honest. Integrity, integration( integrate…) =combineIrritation, irrigation =waterConvince sb of sth = convince sb that clause….Assure, ensure, insure,I insured 1000 yuan against unexpected injury.Guarantee ….Ensure = make sure ….To ensure that the meeting goes smoothly, we have made full arrangement.To see(to it) that …=to make sure …American politicians face a harsh reality. The average Senate campaign costs more than $10 million! Point the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) at any elected official, and I suspect it can uncover a contributor who received special treatment: a meeting with staff here, a call to an agency there. None of it is necessarily illegal.Americans are not only allowed to give money to politicians. The Supreme Court hassaid they have a constitutional right to spend money on campaign. Elected officials, in turn, have the freedom to decide which calls they answer, what meetings they arrange, how to craft legislation and whom it benefits.It could be, then, that what set McDonnell apart from other politicians is not the alleged illegality of his conduct, but that the FBI took such a hard look at him. Thankfully, the FBI’s interest doesn’t appear to be political. More likely, agents became interested in these cases like they get interested in lots of things; they happened upon public corruption while looking into something else. The FBI reportedly was investigating Jonnie Williams’company for securities fraud when it stumbled upon his gifts to McDonnell.There are two important lessons here, one for politicians and one for the rest of us. The politicians need to distance themselves from their rich donors. Ethics aside, it is simply too risky to take contributions and gifts frompeople whose interests you intend to advance. Better to lose an election than to go to federal prison.Everyone else should start thinking about prosecutorial power to act. It’s bad enough that our political system seems to be populated with criminals. We should also worry about how prosecutors choose among them to decide whom to imprison.Random selection, which appears to explain the McDonnell case, is the least of our worries. The real concern is politically motivated prosecutions, which are made all too easy in a system flush with cash and regulated by flexible public corruption laws. Sadly in a pay-to-play political system, once FBI agents direct their investigative power at a particular politicians, the likelihood of a federal accusation may only depend on how hard they look.Hit-and-run63. In the first paragraph, “the big picture”probably refers to ____A the details of the McDonnell caseB the political system in the US.C. the economic situation in the US D other officials involved in this case.64. Which of the following is true about the McDonnell case?A McDonnell has turned out to be innocent.B He gave expensive gifts to Jonnie Williams.C The FBI happened to find his criminality.D The FBI’s investigation is politically motivated.65. The lesson that politicians should learn from the case of McDonnell is to ___.A stay away from wealthy donorsB work in the interests of rich donors.C forget about ethics when with rich donorsD make friends with many rich donors.66. The last paragraph implies that in theAmerican political system___A there are few corrupt politiciansB money plays a minor roleC random selection is a big concernD it is easy to spot cases of corruption67 This passage is primarily concerned with _____in the United States.A ways to keep governance cleanB the responsibilities of the FBIC the political corruption problemD the role of money in legal matters68. The attitude of the author towards the American political system is ___A curiousB criticalC appreciativeD indifferentPassage FourThe fourth and final article from Sheryl Sandberg and Adam Grant in The New York Times’“Women at Work”series appeared today; it is as misguided as the previous three have been, bordering on offensive. Do wereally need Sandberg telling men that if they do a load of laundry now and then, they might get lucky? Yes, that is an exact point in the article. To quote: A man was asked by his wife one night to do a load of laundry. He picked up the basket and asked hopefully, “Is this lean in laundry?”The bigger issue with the entire New York Times series is that rather than focusing on the abilities of women, all they’ve done is offer studies and statistics pointing out how bad things are, then asking men to change that. It is so disappointing that Sandberg and Grant keep repeating the same point---“Hey, guys, help the poor girls out!” They continue to tell men that they should do more office chores, let women speak at work, use the same criteria for evaluating female managers as male ones. It’s all about men and what they need to do to boost up ladies.The tone of these articles also implies that every successful woman was somehow given ashot by some man. Most successful women I know weren’t given anything. They earned it. And when they didn’t get it even after earning it, they struggled and seized it. It is so unproductive for women to repeat that the workplace needs to change to reward us. How about if women change? Why don’t we start behaving in ways that will get us rewarded in the workplace?Whenever I speak or write about equality for women in the workplace, I never address what men need to do differently. Men have no incentive to do anything differently. This system is working for them, and if women want to compete in male-dominated fields, we need to develop the instincts and attitudes what will get us rewarded in those fields. Women don’t have to “behave like men,” but we can make the changes needed to be recognized and promoted without asking them for the scraps. We should not stamp our feet and demand that men help us get there. Afterall, no woman has to lean in when she’s standing at the head of the table.69. What does the author of this passage think of the article mentioned in the first paragraph?A misleadingB instructiveC amusingD paradoxical70. The author believes that the problem with this New York Time s series is that is ___A overemphasizes mutual help between males and females.B elaborates on the advantages of males over femalesC suggests the two sexes be evaluated in the same way.D ignores what women can do for themselves.71.The main idea of the third paragraph is that ____A women have to adapt to the work environment.B there is a man behind each successful woman.C workplace should be changed to reward women.D women become successful on their own.72. In the last paragraph, the author of this passage suggests that ___A men start to do things differently for women’s sake.B women ask men for help whenever necessary.C women become independent and self-reliant.D women stop competing with men at work.73. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A Women-Stop ‘Leaning” and Start LeadingB Men-Be Helpful at Home and at Work.C Men and Women—Who Is Superior?D Men and Woman—How Different Are They?74. The author seems to be _____ these articles by Sheryl Sandberg and Adam Grant.A interested inB critical about Cconvinced by D encouraged byPassage FiveImagine a world without alcohol sponsorship of sport and without drinks ads on TV. You’re imagining France, the country with a heavy drinking rate one sixth that of Ireland. It’s a country where there is a genuinely sensible and mature approach to alcohol----with a range of regulations for the alcohol industry.To be certain, people drink in France----there is alcoholism and serious issues for public health there, just as in other societies where alcohol is available----but in France, the trend is downward and heavy drinking isn’t group activity where getting drunk is the objective.The drinks industry in Ireland is pitilessly efficient and deeply rational----like any multi-billion euro industry, knowing how to get people to drink more, how to grow amarket, how to cultivate the next generation of drinkers and how to put them on the value addition conveyor belt.The economics of drinking is strikingly obvious. A massive diversity of products at a massively wide range of prices, with a staggering diversity of lifestyle messages and marketing approaches to segment and divide the market. We start with the young drinkers, who don’t have a whole l ot of money----for young men there’re the thin aluminum can beers which promise European sophistication and precious metals. For the ladies there are the lighter alcohols and coolers, which promise to have one laugh uncontrollably into the night with your equally attractive mid-twenties friends, often with a three-for-two offer.The next stage in the process is to get the drinker into the bottled beers and shift the ladies towards whiskey. In summer, everyone is encouraged to dedicate time to quenchingthe thirst with juice---and to move on from there. At each life stage there is a higher-value drink product targeted at our aspirations and an encouragement to get some of the good life. The drinks industry reminds us to tame our animal side with a trip to their website saying that ‘enjoying a drink may be a part of Irish culture…’ and, at the start of an article on the possible health benefits of cutting down on alcohol, states: “Lots of people associate moderate drinking with relaxation and fun.”The drinks industry needs young drinkers----it cultivate drinkers as early as possible, but it cultivates partners and harvests goodwill as well.75. Which of the following statements is true about France?A No one consumes an excessive amount of alcohol.B There are no strict regulations for the alcohol industry.C Sport can be sponsored by alcoholproducers.D There are no TV commercials related to alcohol.76. The underlined words in Paragraph 3 imply that the drinks industry in Ireland___A cares about the health of consumersB is good at boosting sales of alcohol.C has enjoyed quite high productivityD tries to make money by illegal means77. Paragraph 4 and 5 are focused on ____the drinks industry.A the economic employed byB the wide range of products ofC various lifestyle messages fromD health benefits associated with78. The drinks industry has been working hard to increase its sales by ____A telling consumers the truth about the harm of alcohol.B encouraging consumers to use the same drink product.C targeting at young drinkers exclusively and。