必修3_Unit_4_Astronomy：the_science_of_the_stars3词汇
depend on it常用于句首或句末，意为“请放 心，没问题”。 It/That (all) depends.意为“那得看情况而定。” (2)believe sb.相信某人(所说的话) believe in sb.相信/信任/信赖某人 trust (in) sb.相信/信任/信赖某人
depend on count on sb.信任/相信/依赖/依靠 rely on 某人
3. escape v． 逃跑，逃避 n． 逃脱 作为动词，常用于下列结构或短语中： escape from...从……逃走 escape sth.逃避某事 escape doing sth.(不能接to do形式)逃避做某事 sth.escape sb./sb.’s attention/sb.’s notice 某物没引起某人的注意；某人没记住某物
注意：a mass of 和 masses of 可以后接可数或不可数名词，作主 语时谓语动词的单复数与 of 后名词的单复数保持一致。 (1)Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. 名字。 (2)Her garden is a mass of flowers. 她的花园里种满了花。 (3)I don’t like children in the mass . 大体而论，我不喜欢儿童。 (4) The mass of people in that country are Christians. 那个国家的大部分人是基督徒。 (2009· 安徽，阅读理解 A) 在大批人员的介绍引见中，没有几个人希望你记住他们的
puzzling
冥想
in
puzzlement 迷惘地
(1)Scientists have been trying to solve this puzzle for years. 多年来科学家们一直试图解决这一谜团。 (2)The police are still puzzling about/over ______________how the accident happened. 警察仍然在苦思冥想， 事故是如何发生 的。
对点训练 Ⅰ.语境填词 1．The temple is supported by massive (巨大的) columns. 2．The teacher’s explanation clarified the puzzling (令人迷惑的) problems. 3．The surface of our earth is covered with masses of (大量 )water. 4．The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid (摆好) for a meal to be cooked. 5．It’s a puzzle (疑问)where all my money goes each week.
wasn’t able to go to the flower exhibit. A．a great deal of B．a large amount of C．masses of D．a great many of 解析 A和B不可接可数名词；D项应去掉of。
5．The man________ under the tree said that he didn’t like the people who always________ to others. B A．lying；lay C．laying；laid B．lying；lied D．lied；lied
2．完成句子 (1)Two bombsexploded (爆炸) in front of the ________ park gate，causing two deaths. exploded with anger (2)Suddenly Charles ________________ (勃然 大怒)． (3)There will be no standing room on the earth because of the exploding world population ________________________________(由于激增 的世界人口)．
注意：lay—laid—laid—laying放置；产卵 lie—lay—lain—lying躺；位于 lie—lied—lied—lying撒谎 语境活用——运用上述词汇完成下面的情景 One day while we were lying on the grass，he lied to me that he laid the eggs that the hen had just laid on the table.I knew he was telling a lie .
4．完成句子 depended on (1)He is a man to be ________________ (依 靠)． (2)I can depend on ________________(可以相信) his arriving here on time. depends on (3)Our success ________________ (取决于) whether everyone works hard.
3．翻译句子 (1)这个男孩逃过了处罚，真幸运。 The boy was lucky enough to escape ________________________________________ being punished. ________________________________ (2)我想不起这个单词。 ________________________________________ The word escapes me. ________________________________
(1)Sometimes，they might be laid off if business for the employers is slow. (2010· 湖南，阅读填空) 有时，如果老板们的生意不好，他们可能会下岗。 (2)She was laid off along with many others when the company moved to California. 当公司迁往加利福尼亚时，她和许多工人失业了。 (3)They laid some money aside for their daughter’s marriage. 他们存了些钱以备女儿结婚用。
2. explode v． 爆炸，爆发 (1)explode with anger勃然大怒 explode into laughter放声大笑 the exploding world population 迅速增长的世界人口
(2)explosion n．爆炸 explosive adj.易爆的 n．爆炸物；炸药；迸发 (感情)；(人口等)突增
5．mass n．质量；团；块；大量；群众(pl.)；adj.民众的； 大规模的
massive adj.大规模的，巨大的 a massof ＝masses of 大量的；许多的
the mass of＝most of „„的大部分，„„的主要部分 be a mass of 满是„„；遍布着„„ in the mass 大体上；大致上 the masses (as a whole)大众；民众 the mass of...大部分„„ mass production 批量生产
(4)—Is he coming? That depends —________________ (那得看情 况)．He may not have time.
考点探究 重点单词 4．puzzle n．谜；疑问；v.迷惑；使困 惑 adj.令人迷惑的 puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑不解的 puzzlement n．迷惘；困惑 puzzle over/about 绞尽脑汁；苦思
(3)有一个解决目前地理问题的好方法。(汉译
英)
_______________________________________ There exists a good way to solve _________________________________ the existing problem in geography
6．lay v．产；搁；放；布置 lay off 解雇；停止工作 lay aside 储存(某物)待用/备用 lay down 放下(工具、武器等)；规定；制 定；放弃 lay down one’s life (for sth.)(为……)牺 牲生命 lay out 铺开，展开；布置，设计(建筑物 等) lay sth.on sb.把(责任或难题)推给(某人)； 把……加于
(3)四个罪犯从监狱中逃出来了。 Four criminals escaped ______________________________ from prison. _________________________________ _________
4. depend v． 依靠，依赖 (1)depend on/upon sb./sth./v.- 依赖，依靠， ing 信赖 depend on sb.to do sth.依靠/相信某人做某事 depend on sb./sth.for sth.靠某人供给某物 depend on sth./wh- 视……而定，取决于……
Ⅱ.单项填空 1．________ work has been done to prevent the water in the C lake being polluted. A．A plenty of B．A number of C．A mass of D．A great many 解析 a mass of可用来修饰不可数名词；B和D只能用来
高一英语必修3Unit 4Astronomy the science of the stars知识点总结
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the starsPeriod 1 Grammar points.一．语法要点主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语的从句叫主语从句。
引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether；连接代词who, what, which；连接副词when, where, how, why等。
Eg: Which team will win the match is still unknown.主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此一般把它放到句子后面，前面用引导词”it”来作主语。
Eg: It’s strange that he didn’t come yesterday.二．重点难点1．Nobody knew that it was going to be different from other planets going to be different from other planets going round the sun.going round the sun 为现在分词短语定语，表示一般的动作。
Eg: Men breaking the law will be punished.现在分词短语，也可表示进行的动作2. Weather life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.for millions of years to come 中不定式to come 作定语，与前面的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。
Eg: She is the last person to tell lies.3．The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not.The problem was that …, that 引导表语从句，that 只起连接作用，无意义，但不能省略。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit_4_Astronomy：the_science_of_the_stars
在大批人员的介绍引见中，没有几个人希望你记住他们的
名字。
(2)Her garden is a mass of flowers. 她的花园里种满了花。
(3)I don’t like children inthemass . 大体而论，我不喜欢儿童。
(4) Themassof people in that country are Christians. 那个国家的大部分人是基督徒。
注意：a mass of和masses of可以后接可数或不可数名词，作主 语时谓语动词的单复数与of后名词的单复数保持一致。
(1)Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to
remember their names.
(2009·安徽，阅读理解A)
hat and gloves to protect your face from being exposed
to the strong sunlight and your hands from being hurt.
(2009·辽宁)
d．It is necessary to stop the tourists from taking photos with
(2008·江苏，阅读理解B)
这些气体起到像温室玻璃一样的作用，它们允许来自太
阳的能量进入却阻止能量离开。
(2)They would prevent/stop/keep the rich from robbing the
poor. 他们要制止富人掠夺穷人。
(3)He raised his arm to protecthischildfrom 他伸出手臂去保护他的孩子免受伤害。
高一英语必修3Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars优质教案
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsWarming Up, Pre-reading and Reading 单元教学目标II．目标语言Period 1 Warming up & reading(1) Teaching goals1. Target languagea重点词汇和短语astronomy, atmosphere, system, violent, solid, explode, carbon, dioxide, oxygen, surface, planet, harmful, development, spread, method, depend, solar system, in time, prevent…from, depend on b重点句子1.What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball movingaround the sun. P252.It’s exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbondioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere. P253.It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had become part of the earth’s atmosphere,into the oceans and seas. P254.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether thisproblem can be solved. P262. Ability goalsa. Enable Ss to talk about the science of the stars, the development of life and space travel andgravityWhere do we come from?How did the universe begin?Why is the universe the way it was?How will it end?How much do you know about universe?Do you want to have a space travel?Do you know something about gravity?b. Understand the text and answer the following questions:1.What was there on the earth before life could begin?2.Why do scientists think there has never been life on the moon?3.Why did animals first appear in the seas?4.Why did green plants help life to develop?5.Why were mammals different from other animals?c. Enable the Ss to understand the details about the passage, choosing the correct answer accordingto the text and put the order of development of life into a time line and answer questions.d. Retell the passage using key sentences.3. Learning ability goalsEnable Ss learn how to talk about the beginning of life on the earth.Teaching important pointsa. Talk about the beginning of life on the earth.Why did animals first appear in the seas?Why did green plants help life to develop?b. Discuss the order of development of lifeTeaching difficult pointsa. Understand the beginning of life on the earth.b. Discuss the questions:What will our future be if the earth may become too hot for the lives on it?Why are humans the cleverest animals on the earth?Teaching methodsa.Skimming and scanningb.Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss’ understanding of the text.c.Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.d.Discussion.Teaching aidsa computerTeaching proceduresStep 1 quizSome questions on PPT.Step 2 lead inIn our solar system eight planets circle around the sun. What are they?(Note：According to the present day scientific study, there are only eight planets, with the Plutoexcluded.)S: The Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.T: Which planet do we live on? Can you describe what it looks like?S: Earth. It supports a variety of life and 70% of the earth is covered with seas or oceans.Step 3 discussionWhere do we come from? Or we can say: Who are our ancestors?Do you know any ancient idea about the beginning of the universe?Pangu separates the sky from the earth.The sky and the earth were at first one blurred entity like an egg. Pangu was born into it. The separation of the sky and the earth took 18,000 years- the yang which was light and pure rose to become the sky, and the yin which was heavy and murky sank to form the earth. Between them was Pangu, who went through nine changes every day, his wisdom, greater than that of the sky and his ability greater than that of the earth. Every day the sky rose ten feet higher, the earth became ten feet thicker, and Pangu grew ten feet taller. Another 18,000 years passed, and there was an extremely high sky, an extremely thick earth, and an extremely tall Pangu. Then came the Three Emperors (the Emperor of the Sky, the Emperor of the Earth, the Emperor of the Men.)So these numbers came into existence and evolve like this. The number begins with one, becomes established at three, is completed at five, prospers at seven, and ends in nine. So the sky is ninety thousand li from the earth.Other legends about the beginning of universeThe Biblical Account"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the spirit of God was hovering over the waters. And God said...."Day 1 : God spoke and separated light from darkness creating Day and NightDay 2 : God spoke and separated the water creating sky and oceanDay 3 : God spoke and created dry landDay 4 : God spoke and created the sun, moon, and starsDay 5 : God spoke and created living creatures in the air and seaDay 6 : God spoke and created the land animals and manDay 7 : God rested and blessed this day calling it HolyIndiaBrahma has created the world many times. This creation is repeated every four ages or yugas. There are four yugas in one eon or kalpa. In the beginning of each kalpa the world is a watery chaos.As Brahma thought beings were created. The demons were created by a wind from his rectum. After creating the demons he discarded his body which became night. He assumed a new body and out of his mouth came the shining gods or devas. This body was also discarded and became day. With his next body he created ancestor spirits. With his fourth body Brahma created human beings were created. This discarded body became the moon. With the fifth body Brahma had a strange thought and he created ogres, terrible creatures, that wanted to devour the primordial sea of chaos. In shock at what he had done he then created ghouls, or Gandharvas. Finally he regained his senses and created birds, mammals, plants, and all the other life that we see today.Step 4 appreciationPlay a video for the studentsHow many types of life on the earth have you seen in the video? Name them.Students tell everything they have seen in the video. (Present on the blackboard the new words and a general picture of the topic of this lesson.)Big Bang universe a cloud of dust globe violent atmosphere water plants cells shellfish fish land animals insects amphibians reptiles dinosaurs mammals apes(monkeys) humansStep 5 fast readingHow did life develop through history?Read fast and find out the answers.A cloud of dust →a solid ball →presenceQ: Why was it necessary for plants to grow before animals?(Plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe.)Step 6 RetellingSuppose you are Dr. … who studies astronomy. You are invited to g ive a speech to the school students about the development of life on “Earth Day” (April 22nd).Homework:1.Search the Internet for the information of the development of life.2.Read and learn good words, phrases or structures from Reading.Period 2 reading (2)Step 1 Scanning1 What’s the style of the text?2 What’s the main idea of the text?Step 2 skimmingFind out the main idea of each para.Step 3 careful readingFinish off the chart.Key to the exercise:2.shellfish and all sorts of fish 5.amphibian(on land and in water)7.reptiles(on land) 8.dinosaurs(on land) 9.mammals(on land)T: That’s all for this passage. Now let’s deal with some language points.Step 4 consolidationT or F1.The earth was a cloud of dust before it combined into a ball around the sun.2.The water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen formed the earth’s atmosp here.3.The coming of small plants growing in the water made the earth different.nd animals appeared before the green plants on land.5.Dinosaurs produced their young by laying eggs.6.The earth may become too hot if too much carbon dioxide was put into the atmosphere.Step 5 RetellingRetell the text using about 100 words.Notes: Use the two questions and the chart to retell the passage;The possible version below can be used as a material for both retelling and dictation. Retelling:The explosion of the earth produced water vapor, which turned into water when the earth cooled down. Water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases into the oceans and seas. That made it possible for life to begin to develop. The arrival of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Many millions of years later the first green plants began to appear on land. Later land animals appeared. Some were insects. Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the sea. When the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time. Later, dinosaurs developed. They became the most important animals on the earthfor millions of years. After they disappeared, mammals became more important. They were the last group of animals and they were different because they produced their young from within their bodies. Small clever animals, with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. As time went by, they covered the earth and have become the most important animals on the planet.Step 6 discussion1.What should we do with the global warming problem?Suppose: some of you are officials of the government/some of you are ordinary people2.Suppose you were an expert of astronomy, and now you and your workmates are preparing for a meeting whose topic is the beginning & and the prospect(展望) of the life/ human being on the earth. Work in your group, and try to develop your speech!HomeworkRetell the passage according to the form..Remember important language points.English weekly page 4 part 2。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。
in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个，两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。
注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式）e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。
e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。
Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。
(1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.［U］1.暴力，强暴2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。
e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语）我不知道他是否同意我的观点。
必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy： the science of the stars
【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars（一）重点单词（二）重点短语（三）重（难）点句型二、知识精讲（一）重点单词1. system n.[c] 系统；体系；制度systematic adj.He created a new system of teaching foreign languages.他创造了一种新的外语教学体系。
The new system has had a disastrous effect on productivity.新制度对生产率产生了灾难性的影响。
Too much alcohol is bad for the system.过量饮酒对身体有害。
theory n.学说；理论theoretic adj.There are many theories about the origin of life.关于生命起源的学说有很多。
In this way they can better apply theory to practice.这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。
Your plan sounds fine in theory it doesn’t work in practice.你的计划在理论上听起来不错，但在实践中无法实施。
2. violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；粗暴的violence n.They are launching a violent attack on the enemy.他们对敌人展开了猛烈的进攻。
The class was shocked by his violent language.全班同学对他激烈的言辞感到震惊。
Children should not be allowed to watch violent movies.不应允许儿童看暴力电影。
The young man was charged with robbery with violence.这个年轻人被控暴力抢劫。
2021 必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars
must be based on facts.
重 难 考
(theory) 点 探 究
基 5．My uncle's car caught fire by the road.Fortunately, he was pulled 核
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人教版高中英语必修三Unit4__Astronomy：_the_science_of_the_stars
pullapart拆散；拆开
pullaway(汽车等)开走
pulldown拆毁；摧毁
pullin(车辆)进站；停靠
pullout(车辆)驶出；退出
pullup停车
(1)Helpmemovethepiano，youpushandI'llpull.
帮我搬动一下钢琴，你来推，我来拉。[朗文]
(2)Thecinemasheusedtovisit.
(2)—I'mthinkingofthetesttomorrow ， I'mafraidIcan'tpassthistim
e. —________！(2012·河北冀州中学考试) A．GoaheadB．Goodluck C．NoproblemD．Cheerup 解析 考查情景交际。A项意为“做吧”，表示同意某人
it用作形式主语，可以替代从句、不定式、动名词等，it置 于句首，无意义，使句式结构更加平衡。常见it作形式主语的句 型有：
Itisstrange/obvious/true/possible/clear/likely...that... Itisapity/ashame/afact/awonder...that... Itissaid/thought/reported/decided/expected...that... Itisimportant/easy/hard/difficult/possible/necessary...forsbtodo sth
beinapuzzle感到困惑 puzzleout仔细思考；设法想出答案 bepuzzledabout...对……感到迷惑 (1)I'vebeensittingherepuzzlingaboutwhattodo. 我一直坐在这里苦苦思索该怎么办。[朗文] (2)Theteacherleftthechildrentotothepropbulzezmletohuetmthseealvnesws.er 老师让学生动脑筋自行寻找问题的答案。[牛津]
人教新课标高中英语必修三Unit 4 Astronomy_ the science of the starsUnit 4 Astronomy_ the science of t
UNIT 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsGrammar导学案2学习重点：正确选择关系词并运用主语从句。
学习难点：关系代词和关系副词的用法区别。
课前预习案Previewing Case使用说明及学法指导：1. 自我学习课本29页的内容,完成预习案进行自我检测。
2. 完成时间20分钟。
Task 1 Discussion: Everybody has an amazing mother who gives us life and the whole affection. We thank them very much.Q1：What do you think of your mother? Please share your feelings with us.*I think ____________________________*I wonder_________________________________*I feel _____________________________*I’m sure _________________________________Q2: Do you think you know your mother very well?*What my mother likes is_____________________________________________________*What my mother doesn't like is________________________________________________*What makes my mother happy is_______________________________________________*What my mother needs is_____________________________________________________ Task 2 Listen to a song and fill in the blanks. Here I have given you the lyrics of the song. Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine I'm leaving my life in your hands People say①______I'm crazy and that I am blind Risking it all in a glance②_____ you got me blind is still a mystery I can't get you out of my headDon't care ③____ is written in you history As long as you're here with meI don't care ④____ you are,_____ you're from,____ you didAs long as you love me Who you are Where you're from Don't care ⑤____ you did As long as you love me Every little thing that you have said and doneFeels like it's deep within me Doesn't really matter if you’re on the runIt seems like(as if)⑥_______ we're meant to beTask 3 Revision: Find the subjects in the following sentences.1. A tree has fallen across the road.2. You are a student.3. To find your way can be a problem.4. Smoking is harmful to you.5. What she said is not yet known.6. That we shall be late is certain.7. It’s certain that we shall be late.Conclusion(from 5&6 ): 主语从句：一个句子在________引导下,在另一个句子中充当______(相当于一个___词)的从句。
Astronomy：thescienceofthestars教材分析
“理解”（Comprehending）部分通过五个练习题检测学生对本文核心内容的理解。练习1是对文章结构的分析以及大意的概括；练习2通过排序的方式帮助学生弄清本文的行文线索，也就是地球上生命的起源和发展历程；练习3提出5个小问题，考察学生的深层理解和推理判断能力；练习4让学生找出文章中出现的连接词，检查学生对文章中句型的熟悉和理解程度，同时还有助于学生在写作方面得到提高；练习5让学生回答问题并向全班学生汇报，开拓学生的思维并锻炼他们的语言表达能力。
“阅读”（Reading）讲述了地球上生命的起源。水的形成使得地球有别于其他星球，它使得地球上生命的诞生成为可能。科学家认为，地球上的生命首先诞生于水中，上百万年后，陆地上才长出绿色植物，随后出现了陆栖动物和水陆两栖动物。最初的动物靠孵化繁衍后代，后来出现了哺乳动物，人类也随之诞生了。文章最后讲了令人深省的问题：The earth may become too hot for the lives on it它关系到了地球的未来.
高中英语必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 要点解析
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