翻译技巧之句子的重组资料
英译汉的长句翻译重组法
定语从句，补充说明（2）中的 “contemporary science”，在翻
译时拆开了定语从句，并将此从句提到句首，使行文较为自然。
译：现代科学的一切成就不仅提供了能够承受高温、高压的材料， 而且也提供了新的工艺流程。依靠现代科学的这些成就，相信 完全可以制造出这样的人造卫星。
Dr. Smith resumed the activities of the anti-cancer experiment begun in 1945 and financed by the Federal government (1) as soon as he recovered from his original disappointment at repeated failures, which had resulted in its forced suspension (2).
2) Decisions must be made very rapidly; physical endurance is tested as much as perception, because an enormous amount of time must be spent making certain that the key figures act on the basis of the same information and purpose.
To be continued
Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation
2) In the process of growing up, each child learns hundreds of culturally patterned details of behavior that become incorporated into its gender identity.
考研英语翻译句子方法 拆分与组合.doc
究竟如何改变原文顺序，完全要根据汉语习惯来安排，但是也是有一定的规律可以遵循的。
比如说：
这样，上面的两个句子可以把句子重新组合成：
例1
1)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry主干，“社会科学是知识探索的一个分支”;
2)which seeks to study humans and their endeavors定语从句比较复杂，可以放在所修饰的先行词后面，“它试图研究人类及其行为”;
3)in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner方式状语，如果照原来顺序放在动词后面不是太通顺，可以放到动词“试图”后面翻译成“它试图以一种。
的方式来研究人类及其行为”;
4)that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.定语从句直接放到所修饰的词“方式”前面，“自然科学家用来研究自然想象那样同样的方式”;
5)这样，整个句子的就可以组合成一个准确而有通顺的译文：
社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它试图像自然科学家用来研究自然现象那样，以理性的，有序的，系统的和冷静的方式
来研究人类及其行为。
名师指导：中级笔译翻译技巧之插入法,重组法和综合法
名师指导：中级笔译翻译技巧之插入法,重组法和综合法名师指导:中级笔译翻译技巧之插入法,重组法和综合法关于提高大学英语能力的方法，今天店铺给大家整理了一些简单实用的的英语技巧，希望可以帮到大家。
一、笔译翻译技巧：插入法插入法：指把难以处理的句子成分用破折号、括号或前后逗号插入译句中。
这种方法主要用于笔译中。
偶尔也用于口译中，即用同位语、插入语或定语从句来处理一些解释性成分。
如：如果说宣布收回香港就会像夫人说的"带来灾难性的影响"，那我们要勇敢地面对这个灾难，做出决策。
If the announcement of the recovery of HongKong would bring about, as Madam put it, "disastrous effects," we will face that disastersquarely and make a new policy decision.二、笔译翻译技巧：重组法重组法：指在进行英译汉时，为了使译文流畅和更符合汉语叙事论理的.习惯，在捋清英语长句的结构、弄懂英语原意的基础上，彻底摆脱原文语序和句子形式，对句子进行重新组合。
如：Decision must be made very rapidly; physical endurance is tested as much as perception,because an enormous amount of time must be spent making certain that the key figures acton the basis of the same information and purpose.必须把大量时间花在确保关键人物均根据同一情报和目的行事，而这一切对身体的耐力和思维能力都是一大考验。
因此，一旦考虑成熟，决策者就应迅速做出决策。
英语重组句子的方法
英语重组句子的方法Restructuring sentences in English is a fundamentalskill that can enhance clarity, flow, and impact of written communication. It involves rearranging the words and phrases within a sentence to convey the same meaning but with different emphasis or clarity. While the basic structure of an English sentence typically follows the subject-verb-object (SVO) pattern, there are various ways to manipulate this structure to achieve desired effects.Here are some methods for restructuring sentences in English:1. Active and Passive Voice Conversion: Changing the active voice to the passive voice or vice versa can alter the focus of a sentence. In the active voice, the subject performs the action, while in the passive voice, the action is performed on the subject. For example:Active: John wrote the book.Passive: The book was written by John.2. Introduction of Clauses: Adding clauses (noun, adjective, or adverb clauses) can provide additional information or clarify relationships between ideas. For instance:Simple sentence: She is happy.With adjective clause: The girl who won the award is happy.3. Conversion of Simple Sentences into Compound or Complex Sentences: By combining simple sentences using coordinating conjunctions (e.g., and, but, or) or subordinating conjunctions (e.g., because, although, after), you can create more complex sentences with greater depthand variety. For instance:Two simple sentences: She studied hard. She passed the exam.Compound sentence: She studied hard and passed the exam.Complex sentence: Because she studied hard, she passed the exam.4. Reordering of Words: Merely rearranging the words within a sentence can significantly change its emphasis or tone. Placing the most important information at the beginning of a sentence often captures the reader's attention. For example:Original: The cat sat on the mat.Reordered: On the mat, the cat sat. (Emphasizes the location)。
unit13 英译汉中合句重组
Unit 13 英译汉中合句重组这一技巧主要与长句翻译有关。
英语的句法连绵，一个主句可以与众多的修饰词组、短语、从句共同组成，讲究一气呵成。
汉语句法短促，从容不迫。
因此在翻译时就要在译文中将原文打破重组，或抽词拆译，或抽短语词组拆译。
I．短句拆译。
1. 当英语句子中的某个修饰语（如修饰名词的形容词、修饰动词或形容词的副词等）直译后与其所修饰的汉语不能搭配成地道通畅的汉语表达时，往往可以把这个修饰语单独处理，译为一个句子。
例如：He sank into a protesting chair.I’m not the first man who has made mistakes.The air seemed almost stikcy from the scent of bursting buds.His announcements got a mixed reaction. “mixed”拆译成句。
2. 把英语中的插入成分译为句子。
可以是同位语，也可以是其他形式的插入成分。
通常，只要在插入成分前增加一个动词，就可以把主语与插入成分连成一个完整的句子。
如：Shanghai, once the paradise for adventurers, is now the largest industiral base in China.Tom, normaly a timid child, jumped into the river and saved the drowning girl.3. 把表语译成句子。
例如：Why should it be made longer than is necessary?4. 把修饰整个句子的副词译为句子。
例如：He was thunderingly insistent that something should be done about it.Illogically, she had expected some kind of miracle solution.5. 名词拆译成动宾结构。
语言的重组技巧(翻译)
班级：xxxxxxxxxx 学号：xxxxxxxx 姓名： xxxxxx
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增译法 省译法 转换法 拆句法
2
目录
3
4
5 6
7
合并法
正译法 反译法
增译法
定义： 指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句
子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。
(5)The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese people. 改革开放政策受到了全中 国人民的拥护。（动词转名词） (6)In his article the author is critical of man ’s negligence toward his environment. 作者在文章中，对人类疏忽 自身环境作了批评。（形容词转名词） (7)In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance. 在有些欧洲国家里，人民 享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。（被动语态转主动语态） (8)时间不早了，我们回去吧！ We don’t have much time left. Let’s go back. (句型转换) (9)学生们都应该德、 智、体全面发展。 All the students should develop morally, intellectually and physically. (名词转副 词) (10)由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。 Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (动词转名词)
语言的重组技巧(翻译)
希望您在这儿过得愉 快。（省译物主代词）
（3）中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。 The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environmental
protection. (省译名词)
(4)I’m all for you opinion. 我完全赞成你的意见。（介词转动词）
英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下 文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。
另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语， 以确保译文意思的完 整。
目的: 一是保证译文语法结构的完整, 二是保证译文意思的明确
正译法&反译法
正译定义： 是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。
反译定义： 是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。
正译与反译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更符 合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。这两种方法通常用于汉 译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。
（1） 在美国，人人都能买到= 枪。 In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正 译) In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)
（2） 你可以从因特网上获得这 一信息。 You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译） This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译）
英语长句的翻译策略之解构与重组-最新教育文档
英语长句的翻译策略之解构与重组英语长句翻译是一个难题。
英语长句错综复杂，而汉语在表达复杂的思想时，多结构简单，短小而精悍。
在翻译英语长句时，很多句子不适合直译，应该在透彻理解原文的基础上，根据句子的语法结构进行解构，再按照汉语的行文习惯重组。
本文从英汉句法结构的差异着手，以解构与重组为策略，探讨英语长句的翻译方法。
1.英汉句法解构的差异从句子形式看，英语是形合语言，句子中各个意群、成分常是通过关联词或其他语法手段表达其相互关系的。
而汉语是意合语言，句中意群、成分往往通过内在的联系串在一起，不一定或很少用关联词或其他语法手段，相对较松散。
英语长句是在简单句的基础上通过使用较长的修饰语或从句变长、变复杂。
汉语在表达复杂的思想时多借助动词、虚词和词序，经常使用松散句和流水句，按照一定的时间和逻辑顺序组句，结构简单。
2.解构与重组的定义翻译理论家尤金?奈达从翻译的思维活动过程对翻译进行了描述，他认为翻译主要由三个阶段构成，即分析，转换和重构。
“解构”是指对原句的字、词、短语、从句及上下文和语用环境等进行剖析，将其肢解为若干部分，以弄清其结构关系和含意，并将其语言形式转换成思想概念，即语义信息。
“重组”则是指在理清了原句的结构关系之后，再将“解构”原句所得到的语义信息按照译入语的句法规则重新组装起来，使之成为符合译入语表达习惯的译句（孟庆升，2009：6）。
3.英语长句解构与重组的原则3.1解构的原则―意群划分原则在翻译英语长句时，首先必须找出主句，理顺小句间的关系和修饰语间的关系，在透彻理解原文的基础上，将英语按语法结构逐层分解，划分为一个个的意群。
例如：Sherman had recently turned down a $50，000-a-year job at a consulting firm，after careful deliberation with his parents；because he hadn’t connected well with hi s potential bosses.此句的主句为：Sherman had recently turned down a $50，000-a-year job at a consulting firm，而after careful deliberation with his parents是主句的时间状语，because he hadn’t connected well with his potential bosses是主句的原因状语，主句又包含两层意思，即Recently，Sherman had turned down a job和the consulting firm had offered him a $50，000-a-year job，此句可以解构成四个意群，即：①Recently，Sherman had turned down a job，②the consulting firm had offered him a $50，000-a-year job，③after careful deliberation with his parents，④because he hadn’tconnected well with his potential bosses。
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试译：
同外人总是喜欢从地缘政治、大国角逐、社会制度、意识形 态、经济基础等等视角来审视柏林墙不同，柏林墙在普通德 国人中流传的却是一个个贯穿着人性的、鲜活的人的故事， 有眼泪、有欢笑，甚至有幽默的故事，比如第一个因为偷越 柏林墙被枪杀的青年。
同外人总是喜欢从地缘政治、大国角逐、社会制度、意识形态、经济基础等等视 角来审视柏林墙不同，柏林墙在普通德国人中流传的却是一个个贯穿着人性的、 鲜活的人的故事，有眼泪、有欢笑，甚至有幽默的故事，比如第一个因为偷越柏 林墙被枪杀的青年。 • Different from other nations that closely read the Berlin Wall in the aspect of geography and politics, competitive countries, social system, ideology and economic fundment and so forth, Berlin Wall was a booklet of stories, which are full of tears and laughs and even humourous, in common Germany’s mind. For example, a young man was shot because he got over the Berlin Wall secretly. They always like to read the difference of Berlin Wall with other foreigners through geographical politics, competitive countries’ rivalry, ideology as well as economic fundament. The Berlin Wall bears many lively and vivid stories which are full of tears, laugh and even humours tales in the mind of Germany. For example, the first young man were shot for getting it over secretly.
同外人总是喜欢从地缘政治、大国角逐、社会制度、意识形态、经济基础等等视 角来审视柏林墙不同，柏林墙在普通德国人中流传的却是一个个贯穿着人性的、 鲜活的人的故事，有眼泪、有欢笑，甚至有幽默的故事，比如第一个因为偷越柏 林墙被枪杀的青年。
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译例1：Unlike foreigners, the regular Germans don’t examine the Berlin Wall from the perspective of geographical politics, competition among big countries, social system, ideology and economic base; instead, they see from it humane and vivid stories, which are full of tears, laughter and humor, for example, the story of a young man who got killed for being the first to trespass the Wall. 译例2：Outsiders usually like to evaluate the Berlin Wall from the vantage point of geopolitics, competing powers, social systems, ideology and economic base, but the legacy of regular Germans is a story permeated with humanity and the freshness of life. There are sad, joyful and even funny stories, such as the first youth to try to sneak over the wall who was shot to death.
同外人总是喜欢从地缘政治、大国角逐、社会制度、意识形态、经济基础等等视 角来审视柏林墙不同，柏林墙在普通德国人中流传的却是一个个贯穿着人性的、 鲜活的人的故事，有眼泪、有欢笑，甚至有幽默的故事，比如第一个因为偷越柏 林墙被枪杀的青年。
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Unlike foreigners, who like to observe the Berlin Wall from geographic politics, conception formality, economic basis, and etc, Berlin Wall has a history of human and living persons for ordinary Germans, which includes tears, laughs, even humers, such as, the first young man who was killed for cross the Berlin Wall silently. Foreigners always like checking the differences of Berlin Wall in the views of politics, catching up with each other between big countries, social system, conscious pattern and economical foundation. In normal German’s eyes, Berlin Wall has a lot of stories about people which are sad, happy and even humous. For example, the first story is the young man killed as climbing Berlin Wall in the condition of nobodyoreign people always prefer to supervise the Berlin Wall from different sights, for instance, geographic politics, competition among big countries, social systems, ways of thinking, economic foundation and so on, But on the contrary, what is widespread among normal Germans is that the wall is linked to humane and alive stories about humans, which contain tears, laughter and even humor.