金星英语导游词

Ladies and gentlemen, we are going to reach our today?s destination, a county of Tibetan Prefecture, Danba. Before you get off the bus, you are suggested to take care of your belongings, and if you have any needs or doubts, please don?t hesitate to let me know, OK? Well, when you get off the bus, I?ll take you to the Danba Hotel, our accommodation, and after you arrange your luggage, we would begin our travel. Now, ladies and gentlemen, please get down the bus one by one, and after 20 minutes, we will get together at the gate of the hotel.

OK, it?s said that a thousand-mile journey is started by taking the first step. Ladies and gentlemen, yesterday we had a pleasure trip in the Four Maidens Mountain, and today we?ll enjoy ourselves in Danba, a county of Tibetan Prefecture. First, I?d like to show you around the county, and give you some information about Danba, such as the geographical features, its cultures, the people, their life styles and customs. Then we?ll go to Suopo Town, to have a look at the ancient tower groups in Moluo Village. And the last scenic spot we?d visit today is Jiaju Tibetan Village. After these, we?ll come back to the hotel, enjoy our dinner and have a good night.

(一)OK, ladies and gentlemen, let?s go, and please keep together. Now we are in the center of Danba County, Danba

means “a town on the cliff”in Tibetan. It?s located on the west slope of Qionglai Mountain, along the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. (Well, here is a question for you, have you still remembered, which part of Qionglai Mountain is the Four Maidens Mountain situated in? Yes, that is right, in the middle part.) Danba County covers an area of 5,649 square meters, and has 15 villages under its jurisdiction. Due to the special geological formation of the county, the major rivers flow along mountains. The Dajin River, Xiaojin River, Donggu River and Geshizha River converge in the north part of Zhanggu Town, and then become the Dadu River. (Dadu River, maybe some of you have ever heard from it, the Red Army used to be forced to cross the river, and there were 17 heroes making great contributions to the army.) So overlooking from the air, the geological formation form a “whirlpool formation”, and the mountains and rivers are placed in a radioactive shape in the 360 degrees, resembling a delicate and charming plum amid high and steep mountains in the west part of the county.

The unique alpine valley topography of Danba helps form a vertical climate zone. The rich spectrum of climates and complicated conditions in the area help form the diversified soil types and a home for many kinds of animals and plants. From

shrubs in the hot and dry valley, through broad-leaved forest in the Temperate Zone, to mixed forest in the Cold Temperate Zone and conifer forest in the Frigid Zone, you may encounter argali and snow boars on high mountains; bears, wild cattle, macaques in dense forests; parrots, magpies, cuckoos and even soft-shelled turtles, and many kinds of fish in valleys. It is really a world with diversified plants and animals.

Local people have benefited from this miraculous fertilized land, since the valley areas provide especially good conditions for the growth of crops and fruit trees, human ancestors began to settle and farm in Danba in ancient times. Therefore, Danba has a long history and diversified cultures. The excavation of Neolithic age in Danba proves that Danba was one of the most important areas for human ancestors. From a wealth of pottery, store ware, bone ware, buildings and ash pits unearthed, experts determined that the site existed sometime between 2,000 to 5,000 years ago. Tibetans living in Danba are known as …?Jiarong Tibetans”, while some say that “Jiarong Tibetans”means “Tibetans living in the Queen?s valley”. Jiarong Tibetans in Danba practice Bon religion and Tibetan Buddhism. Located at the transitional section from plateau to plains, Danba is greatly influenced by the migration and blending of ethnic groups. Moreover, it is a place with diversified

religions and religious schools. For example, the sacred Moerduo Mountain, one of the four sacred mountains in the Tibetan area, is an important place where the Taoist and Bon religion rites are performed. In the sacred Moerduo Monastery, gods of Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism and even Taoism are enshrined. The phenomenon of tolerance and co-existence is unique. From this, we may see that Jiarong Tibetans not only boast a long history, but also an opened and diversified culture.

Danba is also known as “Beauty Valley”. Danba got the name in the historical past. Danba women are endowed with talents and elegance. They are well versed in singing and dancing. They do not apply many cosmetics as those city women do, but they are born clever and pure. It seems that they do not have a strong build and pretty appearance as other branches of Tibetan women do, but they appear to be slender and charming. Then, what has helped make them so? Some said that, Danba is the former home of Dongnu Kingdom in the Tang Dynasty, and the Queen of the Kingdom was a beautiful Jiarong lady. The scenic land with warm and moist climates could give birth to a beautiful queen, why can?t produce many more beauties? Others said Jiarong people and WesternXia people had blood relationship. It is said that the Mongolian destroyed the WesternXia Kingdom. Some royal

members of the Kingdom fled to the south and settled in the Dadu River Valley. Gradually, they merged with the aboriginal people. According to this saying that, Danba ladies are possible descendants of WesternXia royals. Therefore, the beautiful Danba ladies also bear the characteristics of multi-cultural exchanges.

Ladies and gentlemen, now when you walk around the street, you can appreciate their pretties heartily. If you were lucky enough, you would encounter your Mr. Right or Miss. Right.

(二)OK, ladies and gentlemen, you may have a general idea about Danba, after the tour in the county. Now we?ll go to Suopo Town, to have a look at the ancient tower groups in Moluo Village. Danba has been known as “a place with a thousand towers” since ancient times. According to historical records, the building of the towers can be dated back to more than 2,000 years ago in the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD). There had been already more than 3,000 towers by the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and the middle period of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). According to the statistics, there still reserve 562 such ancient towers. Jiarong preserves the most ancient towers in China, and Danba has the most of the towers in Jiarong.

The ancient towers are classic works of human architectural art，a symbol of Danba?s long history and rich culture as well.

Local people live as nomads, farmers-nomads, or simple as farmers. Farmers work on farm and can not be moved. But the land was just on the well-known “corridor”, where the wars for lands frequently broke out. Therefore, in order to defend the land, local people invented this special architectural form. The ancient towers played an important role in Jiarong people?s fights for safeguarding their own rights. In Danba, the ancient towers were built with stones and in the form of quadrangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon, dodecagon and even in the shape that has 13 straight sides. The more angles a tower has, the more complicated the structure will be, and therefore, it means it is more difficult to build. It is said that only three 13-sided towers that had ever been built in the whole Tibetan and Qiang area, and two of them were located in Danba. Nowadays, the ancient towers in Danba can be divided into two categories: family towers and village towers. A family tower was built by an individual family, and it was often built in front of, or in rear of the family house, or sometimes connecting with the house. Due to limited material resources and manpower, a family tower would only be built into a twenty to thirty meters high structure. In peace time, the towers were used to store goods to guard against thefts and attacks from enemies. During the war time, the towers would construct an inseparable

collective defense. Village towers were collectively built by a tribe or a vilage for defense purpose, and they can rise as high as 50 to 60 meters. Village towers can be divided into boundary towers, beacon towers, pass towers, geomantic towers and others. Usually, not many geomantic towers had been built; there was only one geomantic tower in a tribe or a village for worshipping. Boundary towers were erected as terminus. If there is no distinctive borderline between two tribes or villages, the boundary towers were used as well as posts and fortifications. The beacon and pass towers were situated at mountain ridges or valley forks. They served as observation posts in peace time and assumed attacking and defending tasks in wartime.

In Danba, Tibetan houses and ancient towers are called “stockade villages” by the locals，because they are many unique ancient architectural groups . The choice of the site of a “stockade village”should take local conditions into consideration. The site should be favorable to flood and disasters preventing and controlling. And the choice should facilitate defense and arrangements for actions of the whole village. Due to these reasons, most of the villages were built on an open slope facing south and in the lee of a mountain. Stones, mud and timber were used as the major building materials of the towers. Each courtyard is wide at

bottom and narrow at the top, resembling a man sitting cross-legged practicing meditation. From the first to the fifth floor, kitchen, bedroom and storeroom, scripture hall, balcony, mini tower and others are rational distributed. The four corners on the top of each tower enshrine white stones and Mani Banners. Cypress branches are burned in vase-shaped “songke” to worship gods.

Looking far into distance, the distinctive Tibetan houses and ancient towers are situated on mountain slopes and by cliffs amid green mountains and dense woods. They fully embody the harmonious co-existence of Jiarong people and Mother Nature. It also perfectly demonstrates the ancient Chinese philosophy of the harmonious integration of nature and man.

(三)Ladies and gentlemen, when you have finished your sightseeing here, we?ll go to Jiaju Tibetan Villages. The style of buildings there are different from these towers. We would go along the Dajin River. It?s one of the trunk streams in the upper reaches of the Dadu River; it stretches some 42.8 kilometers from Jinchuan County, through Badi, Bawang and Niexia Village of the same township; and finally it merges into the Danba River at Zhanggu Town. Scenery along the riverbanks is beautiful, as it adjoins the “beauty valleys”.

Well, you can see that, the colorful and unique houses in Jiaju Tibetan village are well integrated with natural surroundings, they construct a picturesque scene. Each year, local people will gather at Puluwo on the 15th day of the fourth lunar month to worship the sacred Yaxiao Mountain and hold their annual grand horse race.

1、slope[]n.坡;斜面

2、plateau[]n.高原

3、jurisdiction[]n.管辖范围

4、whirlpool[]n.漩涡[C]

5、resemble[]vt.像,类似[W][(+in)]

6、amid[]prep.在...之间;在...之中

7、alpine[]a.(像)高山的;高山生长的alpine plants高山植物

8、topography[]n.地形;地形学;地形测量学

9、vertical[]a.垂直的;竖的,立式的

10、spectrum[]n.[C]系列;范围;幅度[(+of)]

11、shrub[]n.矮树;灌木[C]

12、broad-leaved[]a.阔叶的

13、Temperate Zone【地】温带

14、conifer[]n.【植】针叶树,松柏科植物

15、Frigid Zone[]寒带

16、encounter[]vt.意外地遇见(朋友等)

The first person she encountered was Cyril Scott.

她遇到的第一个人是西瑞尔·史考特。

vi.偶然相遇(或遭遇)

17、argali []n.盘羊(一种亚洲产的羊)

18、boar[]n.[C]1. (未阉的)公猪2. 野猪

19、macaque[]n.1. 猕猴,恒河猴

20、magpie[]n.[C]【鸟】鹊,喜鹊

21、cuckoo[]n.[C]【鸟】杜鹃,布谷鸟

22、miraculous[]a.1. 神奇的;超自然的

a miraculous escape

不可思议的侥幸逃脱

a miraculous happening

一件不可思议的事情

23、fertilize[]vt.1. 使肥沃;施肥

24、excavation[]n.(发掘出来的)古迹;出土的文物[C]

25、Neolithic[]a.(亦作N-)新石器时代的

26、blending []n.混合

27、monastery[]n.1. (男子的)修道院;僧院[C]

28、enshrine[]vt.把...奉为神圣

29、endow[]vt赋予[H][(+with)]

30、slender[]a.修长的,苗条的;纤细的

31、moist[]a.潮湿的,微湿的;多雨的[(+with)]

32、merge []vt.使融合;使同化

33、aboriginal[]a.最早就有的;土著的;原始的aboriginal forests原始森林 2.土著居民的

34、preserve[]vt.保存,保藏;防腐[(+from)]

35、nomad[]n.[C]游牧民

36、corridor[]n.[C走廊,回廊,通道

37、safeguardvt.1.保护;防卫[(+from)]

This agreement will safeguard the newspapers from government interference. 这一协议将保护报纸不受政府干涉。

2. 为...提供防护措施

38、rear[]n.后部,后面;背后,背面

39、inseparable[]a.分不开的;不可分离的[(+from)]

40、collective1. 聚集而成的2. 集体的;共同的

41、defense 1.【主美】防御,保卫,防护[U]

The shooting was in pure self-defense.

开枪纯粹是为了自卫。

2. 防御物;防御措施[C][(+against)]

The forest will act as a defense against desert dust.

森林能起防御沙漠灰沙的作用。

3. 防御工事[P]

42、construct建造,构成[(+from/of/out of)]

43、quadrangle[]n.四边形

44、pentagon[]n.1.(几何)五边形2. (the P-)(美国国防部的)五角大厦

45、hexagon[]n.六角形;六边形

46、octagon []n.八边形;八角形

47、dodecagon[]n.十二角形,十二边形

48、boundary n.[C]边界,分界线[(+between)]

49、beacon []n.烽火;烽火台

50、geomantic[]a.风水的

51、worship vt.

1. 崇拜;敬重;爱慕

She worships her lover.

她崇拜她的情人。

2. 信奉

The Greeks used to worship several gods.

希腊人过去信奉多神。

vi.

1. 敬神,拜神

2. 做礼拜

52、erect[]a.

1. 直立的,垂直的,竖起的

Soldiers are trained to stand erect.

士兵们训练站得笔直。

vt.

1. 使竖立,使竖直

He erected himself to full height.

他把身子挺直。

2. 树立;建立,设立

A monument was erected in front of the town hall.

一座纪念碑在市政厅前建起。

53、terminus []n.1. 终点,目标[C]

2. 【主英】终点站;终点港;终点城镇[C] How much to the terminus, please?

请问,到终点站票价多少?

3. 界限,边界[C]

4. 界石,界标[C]

54、fortification []n.1. 设防;筑城,筑垒[U] 2.防御工事[P]

55、borderline []n.边界;界线

56、distinctive特殊的

57、post n.[C]岗位;哨所;站

58、observation n.观察;观测;观察力[U][C]

59、stockade n.[C]

1. 防御栅栏;围桩

A heavy stockade around the cabins protected the pioneers from attack. 小屋周围的厚厚的栅栏保护拓荒者免受攻击。

2. 用栅栏围起的地方,围场

3. 【美】军人监狱;俘虏拘留营

vt.用栅栏围住;用栅栏防卫

60、lee [] n.

1. 庇护,保护

The lee of the rock gave them protection against the storm.

岩石的遮掩使他们得以免受暴风雨袭击。

2. 庇护所;背风处

the lee of a house

房子的背风面

61、facilitate[]vt.1. 使容易；2. 促进;帮助

62、mud []n.[U]泥;泥浆

63、timber []n.【英】木材,木料[U]

64、meditation []n. 沉思,默想;冥想

65、rational[]a.

1. 理性的,有理性的;明事理的

Panic destroys rational thought.

惊慌摧毁理性思考。

2. 基于理性的,合理的

66、cypress[]n.

1. 【植】柏;落羽杉;白扁柏[C]

2. 柏树材[U]

3. (用作志哀的)柏树枝[C]

67、banner []n.[C]旗帜

68、embody []vt. 体现,使具体化[(+in)]

69、harmonious []a.

1. 调和的;和谐的;协调的

The room was painted in harmonious colors.

房间油漆得色彩调和。

2. 和睦的;友好的

70、demonstrate []vt.论证,证明[+(that)]

71、integration[]n.整合;完成

72、integrate []vt. 使成一体,使结合,使合并[(+with/into)]

73、picturesque []a. 图画般的,美丽的