九年级英语中考定语从句专项详解巧练
定语从句专项详解巧练
1.定语从句的概念：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词
或代词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对先行词起修饰限定作用。
e.g. He is the man who I want to see.
先行词关系词定语从句
2.定语从句的引导词：
定语从句的引导词有关系代词that, which, who (whom, whose)和关系副词where, when, why两种，关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又在定语从句中充当一定成分。
3.关系代词引导的定语从句：
①如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who (whom, whose) 和that。
e.g. This is Xiao Wang who / that gave us a talk yesterday. (who / that在从句中作主
语)
这就是昨天给我们作报告的小王。
The man whom / that you saw last week has left the town. (whom / that在从句中作宾语)
上周你看见的那个人已离开了城镇。
I know the woman whose husband is a doctor. (whose在从句中作定语)
我认识的那个妇女，她的丈夫是个医生。
②如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词时，则用which或that。
e.g. Guilin is a city which / that has a history of 2000 years. (which / that在从句子
中作主语)
桂林是座具有2000年历史的城市。
The mooncakes which / that mother cooked taste nice. (which / that在从句中作宾语)
妈妈做的月饼很好吃。
4.关系代词引导定语从句应该注意的几个方面：
①关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定。
e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English well.
住在楼下的那个人英语说得很好。
The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3年级的学生明天去爬山。
②当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，往往可以省略。
e.g. Mrs. Smith (whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
你昨天碰见的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。
This is the book (which) you are looking for.
这是那本你正在找的书。
There are some films (that)I’d like to see. 有几部电影我想去看。
③口语中作为宾语的关系代词whom也可用who，且也可以省略。
e.g. The man (whom / who) you were talking about has come to our school.
你们刚才在谈论的那个人已经来到我们学校。
④关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词可以放在whom, which之前（不可放在that之前）
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e.g. The man (whom) I borrowed the book from is Li Lei.
→ The man from whom I borrowed the book is Li Lei.
我借书的那个人是李雷。
The house (which) he lives in is quite large.
→ The house in which he lives is quite large.
他住的房子很大。
应注意，如果介词位于关系代词之前，关系代词不可省略，另外，若定语从句中谓语动词是固定搭配的词组，则其后的介词或副词不可前移至关系代词之前。
e.g. The dictionary which you are looking for is on the desk. 你在寻找的那本词典在
桌子上。
The sick man whom she is taking care of is her farther. 她在照顾的病人是她父亲。
5.关系代词只能用that的几种情况：(只作了解)
①当先行词是everything, anything, nothing, none, the one (something除外) 等不定代词时。
e.g. I had to remember everything that the teacher taught me. 我必须记住老师教给我的一切知识。
②先行词被序数词或the last修饰时。
e.g. He was the first student that got to school today. 他是今天第一个到学校的学生。
③先行词是或被all, no, some, any, little, much, few等修饰时。
e.g. I have done all that he told us to do. 我已完成了他让我做的一切。
④先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
e.g. He worked out the most difficult problem that I had seen. 他解答出我所见过最难的题目。
⑤先行词被the very, the only, the same修饰时。
e.g. I need the same dictionary that you have. 我需要同你一样的字典。
⑥先行词是两个或多个分别表示人和物的名词时
e.g. He told us many interesting things and persons that we had never heard.
他给我们讲了许多我们从来没有听说过的有趣的人和事。
⑦主句是以who, which引导的特殊疑问句时
e.g. Who is the man that you spoke to just now? 你刚才跟他说话的那个人是谁？
6. 定语从句可以简化成短语。
①定语从句为被动结构，可用过去分词短语简化。
e.g. I bought a book that was written by Lu Xun. → I bought a book written by Lu Xun.
我买了一本鲁迅写的书。
②若为主动结构，且为进行时态或从句表示经常性的动作和状态时，可用现在分词短语简化。
e.g. Tell the children who are playing there not to do that. → Tell the children playing there
not to do that.
The house that stands at the corner was built in 1987. → The house standing at the corner was built in 1987.
③当从句中的谓语动词表示一个将要发生的动作或具有某种情态意义时，可简化为动词不定式。
e.g. We have nothing that we should fear. → We have nothing to fear. 我们没有什么事情可以害怕。
④当从句的谓语动词后是介词短语时，可简化为介词短语作定语。
e.g. The book that is on the table is expensive. → The book on the table is expensive.
7.关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。如：This is the room
where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。)
[注意]
一、定语从句是复合句的重要组成部分。在定语从句中不管出现什么情况，主句的结构必须完整。试比较：
1. Is this farm ________ they visited the day before yesterday?
2. Is this the farm ________ they visited the day before yesterday?
A. which
B. the one
C. where
D. what
简析：第1题中主句缺少表语，只有B项才能保持主句的完整性。故选B。第2 题的主句本身已完整，应填关系代词作定语从句中及物动词visit 的宾语。所以，正确答案是A。
二、在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词已经代替先行词在定语从句中充当了某一成分，因此，定语从句中
不能再出现与关系代词或关系副词相重叠的成分。例如：
改错： Do you remember the book that I lent it to you last week?
简析：该题中的that 指代先行词book，在定语从句中充当了动词 lend 的逻辑宾语，故 it 应该删除。
三、解题时，首先要结合选项对题干进行整体感知，确定定语从句的位置；根据定语从句中所缺少的句子成分，分析先行词逻辑上在定语从句中的成分，继而选出正确的选项。例如：
Can you tell me the name of the factory ________ you visited last week?
A. what
B. where
C. /
D. when
简析：本题定语从句的主语、谓语、时间状语已具备，而visit 是个及物动词，从语义上分析，factory 作visit 的宾语。故只能选C (引导词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略）。
四、解答"介词+关系代词 "类型的定语从句题时，关键在于分析定语从句中的谓语动词（该动词是不及物动词）习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。这就需要同学们在平时学习时要注重某些不及物动词和介词惯用的情形，并要灵活运用。例如：
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
简析:本题定语从句中的turn 与介词 to 构成固定短语"turn to sb. for help (向某人求助）"。所以，D是正确选项。
定语从句练习
1.Watch the girl and her dog ________ are crossing the bridge.
A. which
B. who
C. they
D. that
2.Who________know him would believe him?
A. whom B .that C. which D. who
3.Which of the two cows_____ you keep produces more milk?
A. that
B. which
C. whom
D. what
4.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone___ family was poor.
A. of whom
B. whom
C. of whose
D. whose
5.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. which
B. his
C. whose
D. of whose
6.The building ____ windows are bright at night is our school library.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. of whose
7.I have heard from my father,______ is in America .
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. who
8.There is a mountain ___ the top is always covered with snow.
A. of that
B. of which
C. its
D. that
9.I will hire the man ____ they say is a good English speaker.
A.who
B. that C which D. whom
10.On the way I saw a student ____ I thought was your brother.
A.whom
B. who
C. that
D. he
11.I can still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A.what
B. which
C. that
D. where
12.I know the place ____ we can have a quiet talk.
A.which
B. where
C. wherever
D. it
13.Nature,_____ gives supplies of food to every creature, is great.
A. who
B. that
C. whose
D.it
14.Would you please put the box ___ it belongs
A.to whom
B. to which C into which D. where
15.You may take ____ book you like.
A.which
B. only
C. whichever
D.what
16.China is the birth place of kites,-___ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
A.from that
B.from here
C. from there
D.from which
17.He has to work on Sundays,____ he does not like.
A. and which
B.which
C. and when
D.when
18. Is this museum ___ some German friends visited the day before yesterday.
A.Which
B.that
C.where
D.the one
19.John was the only one __ I had visited.
A.which
B. that
C.whom
D.who
20The doctor will speak to ___ comes in first
A.whoever
B.whomever
C.whichever
D.whatever
21.Choose ___ you think is good .
A.Which
B.that
C.whom
D.what
22.I gave him a warning,____ he turned a deaf ear.
A. of which
B. for which
C.to that
D. to which
23.This dictionary, the few pages_____ are missing,is of fno use.
A.among which
B.of which
C.in which
D.to which
24.Give this prize to _____ composition is thought excellent.
A.whoever
B. whosever
C. whomever
D.whatever
25.This is a very boy____ parents were killed in the war.
A.who
B. that
C. whose D whom
26.She is one of the few girls who______ passed the examination.
A.was
B. were
C. has
D. have
27.The teacher _______ is at that desk over there.
A.you should talk to
B. you are talked to
C. whom you are talking
D. whom you are talked to
28.In the dark street, there was not a single person_____she could turn for help.
A.that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
29.Who______ has common sense can believe such a superstition(
A.who
B. which
C. but
D. that
30That is the town ______ he was born.
A.which
B. where
C. when
D. why..
31That is the town ______ he was born.
A.which
B. where
C. when
D. why
初中英语定语从句的用法解析
初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语） 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)
九年级定语从句专项练习题及答案
定语从句黄志丽 定义： 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，位于从句之前。定语从句有关系代词that、which、who、whose、whom和关系副词when、where、why引导. 定语从句的基本结构为： 先行词+关系代/副词+句子 Doyouknowtheboywhoiswearingabluejacket Theskirtthat/’taffordit. Thenumberofthepeoplewho/thatowncarsisincreasing. Thehousethat(which、/)thefamouspersononcelivedinisveryoldnow. 考点1.关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why. －既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略；不引导非限定性定语从句Therearelotsofthings________Ineedtopreparebeforethetrip.（10河北） 答案:B) －指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.可引导非限定性定语从句。Thisisthedictionary________Mumgavemeformybirthday.(08河北) 答案：A) Sorry,wedon’thavethecoat________youneed.(09河北) 答案：D) －般指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom） Jamieisayoungcook________wantstoimproveschooldinners.(10天津) 答案：A) 作定语,表示所属关系。 Iliketheteacher________classesareveryinterestingandcreative.(09兰州) 答案：D) 作时间状语:When=介词+which Shewillneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)shewasmarried. 作地点状语where=介词+which Iwanttoknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn. 作原因状语,其先行词常常是=forwhich Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)I’mlate. 2.当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。 . . 3.有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种： 1).当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,或被它们修饰时。 That’sallthatIknow. IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou 2).当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread. 3).当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。 That’.
人教版中考英语专项训练 定语从句练习题(含答案)
人教版中考英语专项训练定语从句练习题(含答案) 一、定语从句 1．I will never forget the people and the things_______ I saw on the Great Wall. A．who B．which C．whom D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：我永远不会忘记我在长城看到的人和事。本句考察定语从句的关系词。A. who关系词，先行词为人；B. which关系词，先行词为物；C. whom关系词，先行词为人，在句中作宾语； D. that关系词，先行词为人或物。在定语从句中，当先行词既指人也指物时，如：the people and the things，关系词采用that。故选D。 2．They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _________ will help dog owners cool down their pets. A．who B．what C．which D．whether 【答案】C 【解析】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意“他们想研制一种对狗有好处的狗粮，这种狗粮会帮助狗的主人安定他们的宠物。”先行词food指物，排除who；what不能引导定语从句；which指物。故选C。 3．—Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me? —You mean, the new police story _____was filmed by Chen Musheng? A．who B．what C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意：—嘿，安娜。你愿意和我去看电影《白色风暴》吗？—你的意思是由陈木胜拍摄的新警察故事？定语从句的先行词story是物，关系代词在句中做主语，所以引导词用which，故选D。 【点睛】 关于定语从句中的关系词的用法： 关系代词who 指人，在定语从句中作主语；whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语；whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语；which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语；that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语； 关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面， 先行词既是人也是物的时候，关系代词用that。
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套
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