英语专业专升本综合精彩试题

2009年普通专升本招生考试英语专业综合试题Part I Reading comprehension (50 points, 2points for each) Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions. For each question there are 4 suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the crresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel. Little of the state was forested when the first settlers arrived and it is probable that by 1880, only about one -third of the originally forested area remained, down to a mere 1 percent of the state's 77000 square miles .With wood and coal out of the question, and with fuel needed year-round for cooking, and during the harsh winter months for heating，some solution had to be found.Somewhat improbably, the buffalo provided the answer. Buffalo chips were foundto burn evenly, hotly, and cleanly, with little smoke and , interestingly, no odor. Soon, collecting them became a way of life for the settlers’children who would pick them up on their way to and from school, or, take part in competitions designed to counteract their natural reluctance. Even a young man, seeking to impress the girl he wanted to marry ,would arrive with a large bag of chips rather than with a box of candy or a bunch of flowers.1. What is the main topic of this passage?A. The solution to the Nebraskan settlers’fuel problem.B. Life in Nebraskan in the late nineteenth century .C. The importance of the American buffalo.D. The forestation in Nebraskan in the late nineteenth century2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Nebraskan was not a densely-forested state even before the settlers arrived.B. The children enjoyed collecting the buffalo chipsC. .The children spent a lot of time collecting the chipsD. Buffalo chips were satisfactory as a fuel3.According to the passage ,how much of the originally forested are remained in Nebraska by 1880?A. About 33 percentB. About 1 percentC. .About 66 percentD. About 3 percent4. The passage implies that buffalo chips were needed __.A. in greater amounts in summerB. only in summerC. .in greater amounts in winterD. . only in winter5.Which of the following does the author NOT express surprise at?A. .The children needed competitions to stimulate them.B. The buffalo chips gave off no smell.C. .Buffalo chips were the answer to the settlers’fuel problemD. .Young menPassage 2Many of the most damaging and life threatening types of weather torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. Such event as a tornado struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded﹩250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the subtle atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.Until recently, the observation intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather situations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were hard to overcome. Fortunately, scientific and technologicaladvances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interrupt easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.6. The word “exceeded”in paragraph 1 most probably means____.A. added up toB. were more thanC. were aboutD. were less than7. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere fails to predict such a short-livedtornado because____.A. the computer is not used to forecast specific local events.B. the computers are not advanced enough to predict it.C. the weather data people collect are often wrong.D. weather conditions in some small regions are not available.8. According to the passage, the word “Nowcasts”(Paragraph 3) means____.A. a way of collecting raw weather data.B. a forecast which can predict the weather conditions in the small area in an accuratewayC. a network to collect instant weather dataD. a more advanced system of weather observation9. According to the passage, ____ is the key factor to making “Nowcasts”a reality.A. scientific and technological advances such as radar, or satellites.B. computer scientistC. meteorologistsD. advanced computer programs10. According to the author, the passage mainly deals with ____.A. a tornado in Edmonton, AlbertaB. what’s a “Nowcast”C. the disadvantage of conventional computer models of the weather forecastD. a breakthrough in weather forecastPassage 3As America is home to so many different nationalities, one can find almost any kind of restaurant in all the large cities. The restaurants can range widely in cost from inexpensive to very expensive.But fast food shops have become very widespread in the U.S. because they are quick and cheap .And cafeterias are especially popular with American student .There you can get a variety of food such as fried fish ,barbecued chicken ,spaghetti, salad, vegetables, macaroni, sweet potatoes ,rice hot rolls. There are also desserts and drinks. you can pick up whatever strikes your fancy.Tips are generally not required at cafeterias where your serve yourself and you are expected to clear your own table of dishes and utensils ,and discard your trashin the garbage cans .in most cafeterias ,you stand in line .as you walk along, you select items available at a counter .at normal mealtimes ,cafeterias are crowded with people .you can usually get a seat without waiting too long if you eat a little early or a little late.11. A visitor in a large city in the U.S. can find almost any kind of restaurant because__A. there are so many people in a large cityB. Americans like eating foreign foodC. a large city can finance various kinds of restaurantsD. Americans are made up of people from many different nationalities12. The sentence “you can pick up whatever strikes your fancy ”probably means__A. you can choose whatever you likeB. you can choose whatever you think aboutC. you can choose as much food as you imagine possibleD. you can choose any kind of attractive food13. In a fast food shop, you have to__A. bring your own utensils with youB. take home what you haven’t finishedC. discard your dishes and utensils in the garbage cartsD. clear your own table of leftovers and plates14. Tips are usually not requires in a fast food shop because __A. customers stand in line for a lone timeB. food is usually cheaper thereC. service there is in poor qualityD. no waiters serve customers15. According to the passage which statement in not true__A. you have to clean your own table at a cafeteriaB. students like cafeterias because they are quite cheapC. you may eat Chinese food at a cafeteriaD. you can eat comfortably at a cafeteria whenever you want toPassage 4In the past, the concept of marketing emphasized sales, the producer of manufacturer made a product he wanted to well. Marketing was the task of figuring out how to sell the product .Basically, selling the product would be accomplished by sales promotion, which includes advertising and personal selling .In addition to sales promotion, marketing also involved the physical distribution of the product to the places where it was actually sold. Distribution consisted of transportation, storage, and related services such as financing, standardization and grading, and the related risks.The modern marketing concept encompasses all of the activities mentioned, but it is based on a different set of principles. It subscribes to the notion that production can be economically justified only by consumption. In other words, goods should be produced only if they can be sold. Therefore, the producer should consider who is going to buy the product —or what the market for the product is —before production begins.This is very different from making a product and then thinking about how to sell it.16. According to the passage, marketing used to be mainly concerned with__A. advertisingB. transportationC. personal sellingD. selling products17.How many aspects does distribution involveA. 3B. 4C. 7D. 618. We know from this passage that modern marketing aims toA. achieve a balance between production and sellingB. sell more productsC. promote consumptionD. obtain a balance between distribution and selling19. The difference between traditional marketing and modern marketing lies in__A. traditional marketing involves more activitiesB. modern marketing is built on a set of principlesC. traditional marketing pays more attention to distributionD. modern marketing is justified by consumption20. It can be inferred from the passage that__A. a modern producer must first consider how to satisfy the consumerB. more emphasis should be laid on the distribution of productsC. selling is as important as distribution in modern marketingD. transportation is neglected in traditional marketingPassage 5Bringing up children is a hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior of your children. If so, Judith Harris has good news for you.Parents, she argues, have no important long-term effects on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood. Ms. Harris takes to hitting the assumption, which has dominated development psychology for almost half a century.Ms. Harris’s attack on the developmentalists’“nature”argument looks likely to reinforce doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, is no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes?Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may beharder to measure the exact influence of the peer group in childhood and adolescence. Ms. Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxed, or from learning to be honest or hard-working or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms. Harris argues, be keen to appear like their peers. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood. Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and that people’s child bearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not completely off the hook..21. According to Ms. Harris,_____.A. parents are no blame for any bad behavior of their childrenB. parents will affect greatly the children’s life in the long runC. nature rather than nurture has a significant effect on the children’s personality developmentD. children’s personality is shaped by their friends and neighbors22. Which of the following views is consistent with what the developmentalistshold?A. Children are more influenced by their peers than by their parents.B. Twins are quite different if they are reared in two separate families.C. Identical twins reared in the same home are different in personality.D. Nurture has a less significant effect on children’s personality development.23. According to Para.3, which of the following statements is TRUE？A. It is harder to track the precise effects of parental upbringing than the exactinfluence of the peer group in children.B. Immigrant children tend to discard the way their parents speak quickly whenthey go to school.C. It has been proved that peers have more impact on children’s qualities suchas to be honest or hard-working or generous.D. It is easier for children to acquire a language at school than at home.24. The word “ditched”(line 1, Para.5) could best be replaced by______.A. provedB. emphasizedC. comparedD. ignored25. What is the author’s main purpose?A. T o highly praise Ms. Harris’s work.B. To counter Ms. Harris’s work.C. T o objectively report on Ms. Harris’s work.D. T o critically comment on Ms. Harris’s work.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (60 points, 1.5 oints for each)Directions: There are forty items in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words of phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.26. Please accept our _________ in advance for the favour of reply.A. thanksB. a great thankC. thankD. much thank27. It is a thousand _________ that you cannot go with us.A. a pityB. pitiesC. great pityD. great pities28. This pair of trousers _________ not no sale.A. areB. isC. amD. be29. I won’t be able to attend the meeting _________ at the beginning of the new term.A. holdingB. being heldC. that holdsD. to be held30. It was proposed that the matter _________ discussed at the next meeting.A. will beB. would beC. wasD. be31. He didn’t go to the party, but he does wish he _________ there.A. had beenB. beC. wereD. would be32. Home is home, _________ ever so homely.A. it isB. it wereC. be itD. it be33. The old man jumped aside just in time to avoid _________ .A. knocking downB. to knock downC. being knocked downD. to be knocked down34. The police are looking into the records of all those _________ in the crime.A. involvingB. involvedC. who involveD. that involved35. She said she would work it out herself _________ ask for help.A. and not toB. but notC. and prefer notD. rather than36. He stood there dumb-founded as if he _________ a thunderbolt.A. was strikingB. were struck byC. was stricken byD. were striking37. There may be _________ there are crimes.A. many causes asB. causes as many asC. as many causes asD. causes so many as38. _________ their policy can be changed, the future of that country will be indeed bleak.A. Even ifB. UnlessC. Now thatD. As long as39. The secret agent concealed her real mission, therefore many local people were _________ into thinking that she was a good person.A. betrayedB. DrivenC. deceivedD. convinced40. I don’t think this question is subordinate _________ the main aim of our company.A. withB. toC. forD. on41. The police are suspicious _________ his words because he already has a record.A. toB. atC. onD. of42. It has been estimated that the earth’s surface temperature has increased _________ one quarter to three quarters of a degree since 1805.A. toB. byC. atD. with43. Cotton production has been _________ the decline these years.A. downB. onC. atD. under44. The accident _________ him of his sight and the use of his legs.A. excludedB. disabledC. deprivedD. gripped45. On weekends my grandma usually _________ a glass of wine.A. subscribe toB. disabled inC. hangs onD. indulges in46. Codes are a way of writing something in secret; anyone who doesn’t know the code will not be able to read it.A. that isB. worse stillC. in shortD. on the other hand47. When they had finished playing, the children were made to all the toys they had taken out.A. put offB. put outC. put upD. put away48. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning traffic jam.A. in line withB. for the sake ofC. in case ofD. at the risk of49. As a actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.A. flexibleB. versatileC. sophisticatedD. productive50. We managed to reach the top of the mountain, and half an hour later we began to .A. ascendB. descendC. declineD. plunge51.Human beings are superior to animals they can use language as a tool to communicate.A. for whichB. in whichC. for whatD. in that52. He is holding a position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.A. subordinateB. succeedingC. successiveD. subsequent53. People all over the world are starving .A. greater in numbersB. in more numbersC. more numerouslyD. in greater numbers54. “Did the manager recognize you?”“No, he doesn’t remember me before.”A. ever to meetB. ever he has metC. that he has ever metD. ever having met55. Accuracy is to the programming of computers.A. elementalB. elementaryC. fundamentalD. characteristic56. Rotation refers to the turning of the earth to the movement around thesun.A. besides revolutionB. revolution refersC. and revolutionD. while revolution referring57. Mrs Eirbanks is badly a cleaning help. She can’t manage that big house by herself any longer.A. for want ofB. from want ofC. in want ofD. on want of58. He deliberately me of the incident, hoping that I might his wittiness.A. recalled…remindB. recalled…rememberC. reminded…rememberD. remembered…recall59. Would it be possible to have these photographs ?A. expandedB. enlargedC. extendedD. stretched60. Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very ______.A. obscureB. upsettingC. distantD. inferior61. Labor can be in pregnant women by artificial means.A. provokedB. evokedC. inducedD. promoted62. The committee has met and .A. they have reached a decisionB. it has formulated themselves some opinionsC. its decision was reached atD. it has reached a decision62. the hobo’s belongings that he carried them in a bundle slung over his shoulder.A. Were so fewB. Few were soC. So few wereD. They were so few64. I’m most certain that there’s foul play in this _______ but could trace no evidence.A. transitionB. solutionC. transactionD. stimulation.65. The customer expressed her ___ for that broad hat.A. disapprovalB. distasteC. dissatisfactionD. dismayPart III Cloze (30 points, 1.5 oints for each)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each bland there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passsage. Then wirte the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Why don’t birds_66_lost on their long flights from one place to another ? Scientists have puzzled over this_67_for many years. Now they are beginning_68_the blanks. Not long ago ,experiments_69_that birds rely on the sun to guide them_70_daylight hours .But what about birds_71_fly by night? Tests with artificial stars have proved that_72_night-flying birds are able to follow the stars in their long-distance_73_.A dove had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a_74_sky. Yet it showed a(n)_75_ability to use the stars for guidance. The bird’s cage was placed under a(n)_76_star-filled sky. The bird tried to fly in the position as that_77_by his outdoor cousins .Any_78_in the position of the makebelieve stars caused a change_79_the direction of his flight._80_think that doves ,when flying in daylight ,use the sun for_81_.But the stars are_82_their principal means of navigation .What do they do when the stars are _83_by clouds ?Apparently ,they find their way by such landmarks as_84_ranges, coast lines ,and river courses. But when it’s too dark to see_85_,the doves circle helplessly ,unable to get their bearing(方位).66. A. become B. get C. appear D. seem67. A. problem B. issue C. question D. dispute68. A. in B. out C. over D. up69. A. proved B. indicated C. showed D. told70. A..in B. on C. at D. during71. A. to B. that C. what D. who72. A. any B. certain C. a lot of D. a great deal73. A. tour B. travel C. journey D. flight74. A. natural B. real C. true D. artificial75. A. wonderful B. great C. incomparable D. inborn76. A. complete B. entire C. artificial D. some77. A. accepted B. followed C. taken D. directed78. A. change B. time C. chance D. moment79. A. under B. for C. on D. in80. A People B. Scholars C . Experimenters D. Scientists81. A. guidance B. direction C. light D. guide82. A. easily B. undoubtedly C. apparently D. importantly83. A. hidden B. driven C. cleaned D. disappeared84. A. large B. mountain C. mount D. important85. A. any B. some C. these D. thosePart IV Translation (30 points)Section A Please translate the following sentences into Chinese (15 points)86. Buffalo chips were found to burn evenly, hotly, and cleanly, with little smoke and,interestingly, no odor.87. As America is home to so many different nationalities, one can find almost anykind of restaurant in all the large cities.88. Even a young man, seeking to impress the girl he wanted to marry ,would arrivewith a large bag of chips rather than with a box of candy or a bunch of flowers.89. Therefore, the producer should consider who is going to buy the product —orwhat the market for the product is—before production begins.90. Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents morein middle age, and that people’s child bearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did.Section B Please translate the following sentences into English (15 points)91. 这个看上去饱经风霜的渔翁伸出他那由于辛劳而布满老茧的双手，开始讲述了他海上生活的艰辛。