常用化工词汇
常见化工词汇
Half-time 半衰期；batch reactor 间歇式反应器；specific heat 比热；specific surface area 比表面积；boundary layer 边界层；differential pressure 差压；differential thermal analyzer 差热分析仪；air distillation 常压蒸馏；vacuum distillation 减压蒸馏；settling out 沉出；settle, subsidence 沉降；settle, precipitation 沉淀；mass transfer 传质；sensor传感器; coefficient of heat transfer传热系数；catalyze, catalyst, catalyzer catalytic cracking; extraction 萃取；isopleth 等值线isometric等容的, isobath等深线，isothermic等温的；flash闪蒸; titration 滴定；electrolyzing 电解；dynamics 动力学；calcining furnace 煅烧炉；fermentation发酵; flange 发兰；decomposition分解；pulverization粉碎；siccity, drying oven(box) 干燥（箱）;plate tower 板式塔；packing tower填料塔; self-refrigeration(automatic)自动冷凝;filter过滤；rotameter,rotermeter转子流量计;；column temperature gradient温度梯度；crystallization结晶；diffusion扩散；horsepower功率; condenser冷凝器；still釜；tank罐，槽；tower塔；chamber 箱；pump泵；pan锅；tube, pipe管；valve阀; flocculation絮凝；adsorption吸附；absorption 吸收; desorption解吸；dissolve溶解；fusion熔融；melt熔化; swelling溶胀；hydromechanics 流体力学；pressure加压；heating加热；ReactorBathch and semibatch reatorsBatch reactors are generally used for liquid phase reactions. When a solid catalyst has to be kept in suspension or when there are two liquid phases, as in the nitration of aromatics, for instance, an agitator is required. Agitation is also necessary to equalize the temperature in the reator and to keep it at the desired level by efficient hert exchange through a jacket or an internal coil. Consequently, the batch reactor is generally considered to be spatially uniform in composition and temperature. The composition changes with time, however,. Temperature sequencing may be favorable for the selectivity or for achieving complete conversion in a safe way.In pure batch operation the reactants are completely fed into the reator at the beginning. For better control of temperature this type of operation may not be advisable and the reactants may have to be added progressively to the contents of the vessel. The reactor is then said to operate in the semibatch mode. Or, a product maybe withdrawn, for instance, water in an esterification, to reach complete conversion of the reactants.Batch and semibatch reactors are most often used for low production capacities, where the cost of labor and dead time are only a small fraction of the unit cost of the product. They are generally ecountered in the area of special chemicals and polymers and in pharmaceuticals, in particular, in plants with a wide variety of products.Plug flow reatorPlug flow is a simplified and idealized picture of the motion of a fluid, whereby all the fluid elements move with a uniform velocity along parallel streamlines, this perfectly ordered flow is the only transport mechanism accounted for in the pluh flow reactor model.Perfectly mixed flow reatorThis reactor type is the opposite extreme from the plug flow reactor considered above. The essential feature is the assumption of complete uniformity of concentration and temperature throughout the reator, as contrasted with the assumption of no inter mixing of successive fluid elements entering a plug flow vessel. Therefore, in the perfectly mixed flow reactor, the conversion takes place at a unique concentration (and temperature) level which, of course, is also the concentration of the effluent. To approch this ideal mixing pattern, it is necessary that the feed be intimately mixed with the contents of the reactor in a time interval that is very small compared to the mean residence time of the fluid flowing through the vessel. Further discussion of deviations from these ideal flow patterns are given later.The stirred flow reactor is frequently chosen when temperature control is a critical aspect, as in the nitration of aromatic hydrocarbons or glycerin. The stirred flow reactor is also chosen when the conversion must take place at a constant composition, as in the copolymerization of butadiene and styrene, or when areaction between two phases has to be carried out, or when a catalyst must be kept in suspension as in the polymerization of ethylene with Ziegler catalyst, the hydrogenation of a-methylstyrene to cumene, and the air oxidation of cumene toacetone and phenol.Several alternate names have been used for what here is called the perfectly mixed flow reactor. One of the earlist was “continous stirred tank reactor”, or CSTR, which some have modified to “continous flow stirred tank reactor”, or CFSTR. Other names are “backmix reactor”, “mixed flow reactor”, and “ideal stirred tank reactor”. All of these terms appear in the literature and must be recognized.Fixed bed catalytic reactorsThe dicovery of solid catalysts and their application to chemical processes in the early years of this cencury has to a breakthrough of the chemical industry. Since then, this industry has diversified and grown in a spectacular way through the development of new or the rejuvenation of established processes, mostly based on the use of solid catalysta.The main part of these catalytic processes is carried out in a fluidized bed to enable the continuous regeneration of the catalyst, the major solid catalyzed processes of today’ chemical and petroleum refining industries use fixed bed catalytic reactors. Today’s fixed bed reactors are mainly large-capacity units. Such a spectacular rise in reactor capacity is evidently tied to the growing market demand, but its realization undoubtedly also reflects progress in both technological and fundamental areas, pressed by the booming construction activity of the world.Fluidized bedAlthough the fluidized bed technique was introduced as early as 1926, the real breakthrough of fluidized beds was associated with the catalytic cracking of gasoil into gasoline in 1942. before that, catalytic cracking was carried out in fixed bed reactors. Catalytic cracking deposits carbonaceous products in the catalyst, causing rapid deactivation of the latter. To maintain the production capacity, the coke had to be burned off. This regeneration required switching the reactor out of production. In order to eliminate the cycling, attempts were made to circulate the catalyst and burn off the coke in a separate vessel, the regenerator. One approach was to use a moving catalyst bed: in a very compact mass, into the regeneration. From the regenerator thecatalyst was returned to the top of the reactor by a bucket conveyor. Later, the convetor system was replaced by a gas lift. Finally, both the reactor and the regenerator were operated under transport conditions. The high velocities required for pneumatic transport caused considerable attrition of the catalyst. To lower the velocities, very fine solids had to be used. It was then found that the dense mixture of solids and gas behaved in many aspects like a fluid, and this makes the control of streams much more convenent. Since then, fluidized beds have been used in other fields where solids have to be bandled, such as the roasting of ores and in catalytic reactors for highly exothermic reactions. The latter application is based opun another advantage: the high turbulence created in the fluid-solid mixture leads to much higher heat transfer coefficients than those which can be obtained in fixed beds. Therefore, fluidized bed reactors have now also found use in exothermic processes requiring close temperature control such as the oxidation of naphthalene into phthalic anhydride, the ammoxidation of propylene into acrylonitrile, the oxychlorination of ethylene into ethylene dichloride-the first step of vinyl chloride manufacture, and the process for polymerization of ethylene. A new and important application is fluid bed combustion of coal, which permits using low-grade coals rich in mineral matter, less suited for conventional boilers. An additional advantage is the in situ capture of sulsur dioxide by means of injected limestone. Whereas in the above cases only a minor fraction of the catalyst is entrained with the gas, so that the major part is confined in dense bed, with a dilute section and cyclones above it. There are also processes in which the total amount of catalyst is entrained by the gas. The reactors then belong to the category of transport reators.。
化工英语词汇大集合
化工英语词汇大集合介绍化学工程领域使用的英语词汇对于从事化工行业的人员来说是非常重要的。
本文将为您提供一个包含各种化工英语词汇的大集合，旨在帮助化工从业人员扩充词汇量，提高工作效率。
基础词汇以下是一些化工领域常用的基础词汇：1.Chemical Engineering - 化学工程2.Reaction - 反应3.Reactor - 反应器4.Catalyst - 催化剂5.Chemical Reaction - 化学反应6.Mass Transfer - 质量传递7.Heat Transfer - 热传递8.Fluid Dynamics - 流体力学9.Separation - 分离10.D istillation - 蒸馏11.E xtraction - 萃取12.F iltration - 过滤13.E vaporation - 蒸发14.C rystallization - 结晶15.A bsorption - 吸收16.A dsorption - 吸附17.M ixing - 混合18.S cale-up - 放大比例19.B atch Process - 批处理20.C ontinuous Process - 连续流程反应器及设备1.Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) - 连续搅拌槽反应器2.Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) - 管流反应器3.Fixed Bed Reactor - 固定床反应器4.Fluidized Bed Reactor - 流化床反应器5.Tubular Reactor - 管式反应器6.Heat Exchanger - 热交换器7.Distillation Column - 蒸馏塔8.Separator - 分离器9.Filter - 过滤器10.E vaporator - 蒸发器11.M ixer - 搅拌器12.P ump - 泵13.C ompressor - 压缩机14.A gitator - 搅拌器15.C ondenser - 冷凝器化学品和物质1.Chemical Compound - 化合物2.Element - 元素3.Atom - 原子4.Molecule - 分子5.Chemical Formula - 化学式6.Reactant - 反应物7.Product - 产物8.Solvent - 溶剂9.Soluble - 可溶解的10.I nsoluble - 不溶解的11.A cid - 酸12.B ase - 碱13.S alt - 盐14.O rganic - 有机的15.I norganic - 无机的16.P olymer - 聚合物17.M onomer - 单体18.C atalyst - 催化剂19.O xidation - 氧化20.R eduction - 还原工艺过程1.Batch Process - 批处理2.Continuous Process - 连续流程3.Polymerization - 聚合4.Cracking - 破解5.Hydration - 水合6.Hydrogenation - 加氢7.Dehydration - 脱水8.Distillation - 蒸馏9.Filtration - 过滤10.E xtraction - 萃取11.E vaporation - 蒸发12.C rystallization - 结晶13.A dsorption - 吸附14.A bsorption - 吸收15.D rying - 干燥16.M ixing - 混合17.R eactor Design - 反应器设计18.P rocess Optimization - 工艺优化19.S afety Analysis - 安全分析20.W aste Treatment - 废物处理实验及测试方法boratory - 实验室2.Experiment - 实验3.Analysis - 分析4.Spectroscopy - 光谱学5.Chromatography - 色谱法6.Mass Spectrometry - 质谱法7.NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) - 核磁共振8.IR (Infrared) Spectroscopy - 红外光谱9.UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible) Spectroscopy - 紫外可见光谱10.H PLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) - 高效液相色谱法11.G C (Gas Chromatography) - 气相色谱法12.T GA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) - 热重分析13.D SC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) - 差示扫描量热法14.V iscosity - 黏性15.p H - 酸碱度16.D ensity - 密度17.M elting Point - 熔点18.B oiling Point - 沸点19.V apor Pressure - 蒸汽压20.F lash Point - 闪点以上仅为一小部分化工英语词汇，但已能涵盖化学工程领域的基础知识、设备、化学品和实验测试方法。
化工专业英语词汇汇总(可编辑修改word版)
reaction kinetics 反应动力学reactant 反应物purify 精制提纯recycle 循环回收unconverted reactant 未转化的反应物chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization 结晶drying 干燥screening 筛选，浮选chemicalreaction 化学反应cracking ofpetroleum 石油裂解catalyst 催化剂，reaction zone 反应区conservation of mass and energy 能量与质量守衡定律technical advance 技术进步efficiency improvement 效率提高reaction 反应separation 分离heat exchange 热交换reactive distillation 反应精馏capital expenditure 基建投资setup 装置capital outlay 费用，成本，基建投资yield 产率，收率reaction byproduct 反应副产物equilibrium constant 平衡常数waste 废物feedstock 进料，原料product 产物，产品percent conversion 百分比转化率ether 乙醚gasoline 汽油oxygenate content 氧含量catalyst 催化剂reactant 反应物inert 惰性物，不参加反应的物质reactive distillation 反应精馏energy saving 节约能量energy efficiency 能量效率heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质pharmaceutical 制药foodstuff 食品gas diffusivity 气体扩散性，气体扩散系数gas adsorption 吸收；absorption：吸附specialty chemical 特殊化学品，特种化学品batch 间歇的；continuous：连续的micro-reactor 微型反应器hydrogen and methane oxidation 氢气和甲烷氧化反应ethylene epoxidation 乙烯环氧化反应phosgene synthesis 光气合成. commercial proportions 商业规模replication 复制sensor 传感器，探头separation of solids 固体分离suspension 悬浮液porous medium 多孔介质filtration 过滤medium 介质filter 过滤器trap收集，捕集Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗Vacuum 真空conical funnel 锥形漏斗filter paper 滤纸area 面积filter cake 滤饼factor 因数，因子，系数，比例viscosity 黏度density 密度corrosive property 腐蚀性particle size 颗粒尺寸shape 形状size distribution 粒度分布packing characteristics 填充性质concentration 浓度filtrate 滤液feed liquor 进料液pretreatment 预处理latent heat 潜热resistance 阻力surface layer 表面层filtering medium 过滤介质drop in pressure 压降filtering surface 过滤表面filter cake 滤饼cake filtration 饼层过滤deep bed filtration 深层过滤depth 深度law 定律net flow 净流量conduction 传导convection 对流radiation 辐射temperature gradient 温度梯度metallic solid 金属固体thermal conduction 热传导motion of unbound electrons 自由电子的运动electrical conductivity 导电性thermal conductivity 导热性poor conductor of electricity 不良导电体transport of momentum 动量传递the random motion of molecules 分子无规则运动brick wall 墙壁furnace 火炉，燃烧器metal wall of a tube 金属管壁macroscopic particle 宏观的粒子control volume 控制体enthalpy 焓macroscopic phenomenon 宏观现象forces of friction 摩擦力fluid mechanics 流体力学flux（通量，流通量）of enthalpy 焓通量eddy 尾流，涡流turbulent flow 湍流natural and forced convection 自然对流和强制对流buoyancy force 浮力temperature gradient 温度梯度electromagnetic wave 电磁波fused quartz 熔化的石英reflect反射，inflection:折射matte 无光泽的，无光的temperature level 温度高低inter-phase mass transfer 界相际间质量传递rate of diffusion 扩散速率acetone 丙酮dissolve 溶解ammonia 氨ammonia-air mixture 氨气-水混合物physical process 物理过程oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物nitric acid 硝酸carbon dioxide 二氧化碳sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠actualrate of absorption 实际吸收速率two-film theory 双膜理论concentration difference 浓度差in the vicinity of 在…附近，靠近..,大约…，在…左右molecular diffusion 分子扩散laminar sub-layer 层流底层resistance 阻力，阻止boundary layer 边界层Fick’s Law 费克定律is proportional to 与…成比例concentration gradient 浓度梯度plate tower 板式塔installation 装置feed 进料bottom 底部，塔底solvent 溶剂top顶部，塔顶partial vaporization 部分汽化boiling point 沸点equimolecular counter-diffusion 等分子反向扩散ideal system 理想系统ratio of A to B A 与B 的比值with the result that：由于的缘故，鉴于的结果tray 塔板packed tower 填料塔bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔spray chamber 喷淋室maintenance expense 维修费foundation 基础tower shell 塔体packing material 填料pump 泵blower 风机accessory heater 附属加热器cooler 冷却器heat exchanger 换热器solvent-recovery system 溶剂回收系统operating cost 操作费用power 动力circulating gas 循环气labor 劳动力steam 蒸汽regenerate 再生cooling water 冷却水solvent make-up 补充溶剂optimum 最优的unabsorbed component 未吸收组分purity 纯度volatility 挥发性vapor pressure 蒸汽压liquid mixture 液体混合物condense 凝缩，冷凝binary distillation 双组分精馏multi-component distillation 多组分精馏stage-type distillation column 级板式精馏塔mount 安装，固定conduit 导流管）,downcomer 降液管gravity 重力weir 溢流堰vapor-liquid contacting device 汽液接触装置valve tray 浮阀塔板reboiler 再沸器vaporization 汽化condensate 冷凝液，凝缩液overhead vapor 塔顶汽体condenser 冷凝器i feed tray 进料板base 塔底，基础bottoms product 塔底产品condensation 冷凝stripping section 汽提段,提馏段distillate section 精馏段total condense 全凝器distillateproduct 塔顶馏出产品reflux 回流thermodynamic equilibrium 热力学平衡solution 溶液fractional crystallization 分步结晶solubility，溶解度，溶解性soluble 可溶解的solvent 溶剂employ 采纳，利用miscible 可混合的，可溶的，可搅拌的mechanical separation 机械分离）liquid-liquid extraction 液液萃取aromatic 芳香烃的paraffin 石蜡，链烷烃lubricating oil 润滑油decompose 分解，离解，还原，腐烂penicillin 青霉素streptomycin（链霉素）precipitation 沉淀，沉析ethyl alcohol 乙醇)extract 萃取液heat requirement 热负荷solute 溶质extract phase 萃取相baffle-plate 折流挡板，缓冲挡板settling tank 沉降槽centrifuge 离心.离心机，离心分离emulsifying agent 乳化剂density difference 密度差raffinate 萃余液extract 萃取液drying of Solids 固体干燥process material 过程物料(相对最终产品而言的）organic 有机的，有机物的benzene 苯humidity 湿度moisture content 湿含量drying rate 干燥速率critical moisture content 临界湿湿含量falling-rate 降速concave （凸的，凸面）or convex（凹的，凹面）approximate to：接近，趋近straight line：直线constant-rate drying period 恒速干燥阶段convection drying 对流干燥drying gas 干燥气体falling-rate period 降速干燥阶段mean value 平均值vacuum drying 真空干燥discolor 变色，脱色sublime 升华freeze drying 冷冻干燥adiabatic 绝热的，不传热的pressure gradientperpendicular to：与 -- 垂直counter-current 逆流per unit area 单位面积water-cooling tower 水冷塔sensible heat（sensible heat：显热）water droplet 水珠，水滴quantitative relation 定量关系thermal diffusion 热扩散at right angles to 与…成直角，与…垂直by virtue of 由于，根据，凭借于molecular transfer 分子传递balance 抵消，平衡drag forces 曳力a function of …的函数of the same order 具有同一数量级eddy diffusion 涡流扩散is almost inversely proportional to 几乎与…成反比Reynolds number 雷诺准数fully developed turbulent flow 充分发展湍流coefficient 系数In principle 从原理而言exothermic（放热的，endothermic 吸热的,adiabatic 绝热的）triple bond 三健，三价nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物compound 化合物conversion 转化，转化率protein 蛋白质compress 压缩reaction yield 反应产率reaction speed 反应速度one-pass（单程）reactor energy input 能量输入maximum 最大的near toequilibrium 接近平衡output 产出，输出，产量fertilizer 化肥urea 尿素ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵diammonium hydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵ash 纯碱pyridine砒啶polymers 聚合物nylon 尼龙acrylics 丙烯酸树脂via 经，由，通过，借助于hydrogen cyanide 氰化氢nitric acid 硝酸bulk explosive 集装炸药crude oil 原油natural gas 天然气bitumen 沥青fossil fuel 化石燃料seepage 渗出物asphalt 沥青oil drilling 采油gasoline 汽油paint 涂料plastic 塑料synthetic rubber 合成橡胶fiber 纤维soap 肥皂cleansing agent 清洗剂wax 石蜡explosive 炸药oil shale 油页岩deposit 沉积物aquatic plant 水生植物sedimentary rock 沉积岩sandstone 砂岩siltstone泥岩tar sand 沥青石chain-shaped 链状的methane 甲烷paraffin 石蜡，烷烃ring-shaped（环状的）hydrocarbon naphthene 环烷烃naphtha 石脑油tarry 柏油的，焦油的，焦油状的asphaltene 沥青油impurity 杂质pollutant 污染物combustion 燃烧capillarity 毛细现象，毛细管力viscous resistance 粘性阻力barrel 桶(国际原油计量单位)tanker 油轮kerosene 煤油heavy gas oil 重瓦斯油reforming 重整cracking 裂化octane number of gasoline 汽油辛烷值branched-chain（带支链的）materials science 材料科学mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric, magnetic, and optical behavior. （机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能）Amalgam 汞齐，水银；混合物，交叉solid state physics 固体物理学metallurgy 冶金学，冶金术magnet 磁铁，有吸引力的人或物insulation 绝缘catalytic cracking 催化裂化structural steels 结构钢computer microchip 计算机芯片Aerospace 航空Telecommunication 电信information processing 信息处理nuclear power 核能energy conversion 能量转化internal structure 内部结构defect structure 结构缺陷crystal flaw 晶体瑕疵vacantatomic site 原子空位dislocation 错位precipitate 沉淀物semiconductor 半导体mechanical disturbance 机械扰动ductility 延展性brittleness 脆性spinning electrons 旋转电子amorphous 非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟chemical process safety 化工过程安全exotic chemistry 奇异化学hydrodynamic model 水力学模型two-phase flow 两相流dispersionmodel 分散模型toxic 有毒的release 释放，排放probabilityof failure 失效概率accidentprevention 事故预防hard hat安全帽safety shoe 防护鞋rules and regulations 规章制度loss prevention 损失预防hazardidentification 危害辩识，technical evaluation 技术评估safety management support 安全管理基础知识safety experience 安全经验technical competence 技术能力safety knowledge 安全知识design engineer 设计师cost engineer 造价师process engineering 过程工程plant layout 工厂布局general service facilities 公用工程plant location 工厂选址close teamwork 紧密的团队协作specialized group 专业组storage仓库waste disposal 废物处理terminology 术语，词汇accountant 会计师，会计，出纳final-proposal 决议tangible return 有形回报Empirical model 经验模型process control（过程控制）first-principles 基本原理，基本规则regression model 回归模型.operating condition 操作条件nonlinear-equation-solving technique 非线性方程求解技术process-simulation software packages 过程模拟软件包least-squares-regression 最小二乘法statistical technique 统计技术intensity 强度，程度phenomenological model 现象模型model identification 模式识别neural network 神经网络a priori：先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的process data historian：过程数据历史编撰师qualitative 定性的quantitative precision 定量的精确high-fidelity 高保真的computationallyintensive 计算量大的mathematical expression steady-state model 稳态模型bioengineering 生物工程artificial 人工的hearing aid 助听器artificial limb 假肢supportive or substitute organ 辅助或替代器官biosynthesis 生物合成life scientist 生命科学家agricultural engineer 农艺师fermentation 发酵civil engineer 土木工程师sanitation 卫生physiologists 生理学criteria 指标human medicine 人体医学medicalelectronics 医疗电子medicalinstrumentation 医疗器械blood-flow dynamics 血液流动动力学prosthetics 假肢器官学biomechanics生物力学surgeon 外科医生replacement organ 器官移植physiologist 生理学家counterpart 对应物，配对物psychology 心理学self-taught 自学barrier 障碍物medical engineering 医学工程，医疗工程health care 保健diagnostic application of computers 计算机诊断agricultural engineering 农业工程biological production 生物制品生产bionics（仿生学）human-factors engineering 人类与环境工程environmental health engineering 环境健康工程environmentally benign processing 环境友好加工commodity or specialty 通用商品或特殊化学品styrene 苯乙烯ibuprofen 异丁苯丙酸the Chemical Manufacturers Association 化工生产协会as a whole 整体而言emission 释放物，排放物voluntary 自愿的，无偿的，义务的；有意的，随意的；民办的in the absence of 无---存在deactivate 失活bulk chemical 大宗化工产品Fine chemical 精细化工Pharmaceutical 制药segment 段，片，区间，部门，部分；弓形，圆缺；分割，切断tonnage 吨位，吨数，吨产量inorganic salt 无机盐hydroquinone 对苯二酚demonstrate 论证，证明，证实；说明，表明，显示forefront 最前线，最前沿Lewisacid 不可再生的路易斯酸anhydrous 无水的phaseout 消除HF alkylation 氰氟酸烷基化catalytic oxidation 催化氧化governmental regulation 政府规定pharmaceutical intermediate 药物中间体stereoselective 立体选择性的ketone 酮functional group 官能团detrimental 有害的chlorofluorocarbon 二氯二氟化碳，氟里昂carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳straightforward 简单明了的coordinating ligand 配合体，向心配合体kilogram 千克thermal stability 热稳定性devastate 破坏，蹂躏outline描绘，勾勒membranetechnology 膜技术productionline 生产线dairy 牛奶water purification 水净化ifetime 寿命membrane module 膜组件durability 耐久性，寿命，使用期限，强度chemical additive 添加剂end-of-pipe solution 最终方案closed system 封闭系统substitute 取代，替代technical challenge 技术挑战，技术困难wastewater treatment 污水处理fouling 污垢，发泡surface treatment 表面处理applied Chemistry 应用化学nomenclature of chemical compound 化学化合物的命名法descriptive 描述性的refix 前缀alkane 烷烃family 族carbon skeleton 碳骨架chain 链Latin or Greek stem 拉丁或者希腊词根suffix 后缀constitute 取代物，取代基homologous series 同系物branched chain 支链烷烃parent 母链，主链derivative 衍生物substituent 取代基locant 位次，位标replicating prefix 重复前缀词Gas and Liquid Chromatography 气相色谱与液相色谱analytical chemistry 分析化学moving gas stream 移动的气流heats of solution and vaporization 溶解热和汽化热activity coefficient 活度系数counteract 抵消milliliter 毫升essential oil 香精油test mixture 测试混合物sample 样品helium 氦argon 氩carrier 载体injection 注射stationary nonvolatile phase 静止的不挥发相detector 检测器fraction collector 馏分收集器columnar liquid chromatography 柱状液相色谱仪retention volume 保留体积retention times 保留时间high-performance 高性能mobile phase 移动相high-efficiency 高效的analyte 分析物plane chromatography 薄层色谱capillary action 毛细管作用assay 分析化验fluorescence 荧光色，荧光retardation factor 保留因子，延迟因子。
化工行业常用词汇
化工行业常用词汇1. 化学品：指的是由原子或分子组成的物质，可以是单一元素的化合物或混合物。
2. 反应器：用于进行化学反应的容器，通常是一个密封的容器，能够控制反应条件。
3. 催化剂：能够加速化学反应速率的物质，但在反应结束时不会被消耗的物质。
4. 蒸馏：通过加热液体混合物并收集其蒸汽再凝结成液体以分离化学物质的过程。
5. 聚合物：由重复的单体分子组成的大分子化合物，如塑料、橡胶等。
6. 溶剂：用来溶解其他物质的液体，通常用于溶解非极性或极性物质。
7. 浓缩：使溶液中溶质的含量增加，并减少溶剂的含量。
8. 离子交换：通过将一些离子置换成其他离子来改变溶液的性质的过程。
9. 聚合物化学：研究以合成和加工聚合物为主的化学科学领域。
以上是化工行业中常用的一些词汇和它们的含义。
这些词汇在化工生产和研发过程中经常会被提及，对于从事化工行业的人员来说，了解这些词汇的含义是非常重要的。
在化工行业中，不仅仅是常用词汇，还有许多专业术语和领域特定的名词。
下面将介绍一些例如催化剂、蒸馏和聚合物等专业术语：催化剂：催化剂通常是在化学反应中起催化作用的物质，它能够改变反应的速率而不被反应消耗。
在化工生产中，许多反应都需要催化剂来加速反应速率，从而提高生产效率。
常见的催化剂包括金属、金属氧化物、酶和复合材料等。
在催化剂的选择和设计中，需要考虑反应条件、催化剂的稳定性、成本和环境友好性等因素。
蒸馏：蒸馏是一种用于分离液体混合物的方法。
在蒸馏中，液体混合物首先被加热以产生蒸气，然后通过冷凝将蒸气凝结成液体，从而分离出不同组分。
蒸馏通常用于提纯化学品、分离混合物和回收溶剂。
在化工生产中，蒸馏是一项常见的分离技术，可以应用于石油化工、化学工程和生物工程等领域。
聚合物：聚合物是由多个单体分子通过共价键连接而成的大分子化合物。
聚合物在化工行业中有广泛的应用，包括塑料、橡胶、纤维和树脂等。
聚合物的性质取决于其结构、分子量和组分，可以通过化学合成或物理方法来获得所需的聚合物材料。
化工产品相关词汇
胶粘剂（如聚醋酸乙烯胶粘剂、丙烯酸酯胶粘剂）、橡胶制品（如轮胎、橡胶运输带）、催化剂、酶（生物体内具有催化作用的蛋白质或RNA）等
通用试剂、高纯试剂及高纯物质、印染助剂、塑料助剂、橡胶助剂、水处理剂、合成纤维抽丝用油、有机抽提剂、高分子聚合物添加剂、表面活性剂、皮革用助剂、农药乳化剂、钻井用化学品、建工及建材用化学品、机械用化学助剂、油品添加剂等
日用化学品
肥皂、洗涤剂（如洗衣粉、洗洁精）、香料（用于调味或制造水）、化妆品（如面霜、口红）等
高分子聚合物
合成树脂、合成橡胶、合成纤维、塑料制品等
涂料与颜料
油漆、特种印刷油墨、无机颜料（如钛白粉、氧化铁红）、纤维用染料（如活性染料、分散染料）、皮革染料、有机颜料（如酞菁蓝、酞菁绿）等
信息化学品
片基、电影胶片、X光片、特种胶片、照相用化学品（如显影液、定影液）、磁记录材料（如磁带、磁盘）等
化学试剂与助剂
有机化工产品
基本有机化工原料（如乙烯、丙烯）、一般有机原料（如甲醇、乙醇）、有机中间体（用于合成其他有机化合物的中间产物）、合成树脂及塑料（如聚乙烯、聚丙烯）、合成橡胶（如丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶）、合成纤维单体及聚合物（如涤纶、锦纶）等
化肥与农药
氮肥（如尿素）、磷肥（如过磷酸钙）、钾肥（如氯化钾）、复合肥料、微量元素肥料、细菌肥料、农药肥料、杀虫剂、杀菌剂（如多菌灵）、除草剂（如草甘膦）、植物生长调节剂（如矮壮素）等
化工产品相关词汇
类别
相关词汇
化工产品分类
医药中间体、无机化工、有机原料、原料药、生物化工、染料及颜料、化学农药原药、表面活性剂、香精与香料、化学试剂、食品添加剂、催化剂及助剂、天然产物、分析化学和生物等
无机化工产品
硫矿、磷矿、硼矿、钾矿、酸类（如硫酸、盐酸）、碱类（如纯碱、烧碱）、无机盐（如碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠）、氧化物（如氧化锌、钛白粉）、单质（如炭黑、石墨）、工业气体（如氯气、氧气）等
（整理）化工通用词汇、PID图难点词汇.
（整理）化工通用词汇、PID图难点词汇.化工通用词汇、PID图难点词汇及尿素设备1、化工通用词汇（一）Turbinen.涡轮透平prilln.金属小球vt. 使变颗粒状evaporationn.蒸发(作用)scrapern.刮料机, 平土机, 铲土机convertern.转化炉separatorn.离析器, 脱脂器, 隔离物，分离器solutionn.溶解, 溶液解决方案circulationn.循环, 流通,exchangern.交换器[机, 剂], 换[放, 散]热器reboilern.再沸器重沸器再煮器[锅] 再蒸锅加热再生器carbamaten. [化]氨基甲酸盐甲铵condensev. (使)浓缩, 精简condensern.冷凝器, 电容器coolern.冷却器tankn. (盛液体, 气体的大容器)桶、箱、罐、槽, 储水池strainern.滤网, 松紧扣, 过滤器ammonn.氨氯化铵溶液stagen.发展的进程, 阶段或时期, 段，驿站stackn堆,. 一堆, 堆栈absorbern.吸收者, 吸收体, 减震器吸收塔decomposern. [生化]分解体(分解已败死的原生质之有机体)分解器boostern.调压器升压器pumpn.泵, 抽水机ejectorn.驱逐者, 放出器, 排出器喷射器steamn.蒸汽, 水汽controln.控制, 支配, 管理, 调节, 抑制, 控制器, 调节装置] quantityn.量, 数量separatern.分离器techniquen.技术, 技巧, 方法, 表演法, 手法pressuren.压, 压力, 电压, 压迫, 强制, 紧迫vesseln.船, 容器, 器皿, 脉管, 导管specialn.专业特派员, 专车, 专刊compressorn.压缩物, 压缩机,recirculationn.再通行, 再流通循环standardizationn.尺寸, 量度器, 量度标准, 方法, 测量chemicaln.化学制品, 化学药品conveying运输，输送industryn.工业, 产业, 行业weldern. 焊接工weldn. 焊接, 焊缝heatn.热, 热度, 热烈, , 压力treatmentn.待遇, 对待, 处理, 治疗materialn.材料, 原料, 物资, 素材inspectionn.检查, 视察analysisn.分析, 分解valven.阀, [英] 电子管, 真空管blindadj.瞎的, 盲目的flangen.边缘, 轮缘, 凸缘, 法兰atmospheren.大气, 空气, 气氛flexibilityn.弹性, 适应性, 机动性化工通用词汇（二）dryern干衣机, 干燥剂castingn.铸件, 铸造dryingv.烘干carbonn. [化]碳(元素符号C) couplingn.联结, 接合, 耦合联轴节columnn.圆柱, 柱壮物, 专栏, 纵队capn.帽子, 军帽, (瓶)帽, 管帽degreen.度数, 度, 程度学位, 地位, 身份, [数]次数diametern.直径dimensionn.尺寸, 尺度, 维(数), 度(数), 元dischargen.卸货, 流出, 放电foundationn.基础, 根本, 建立, 创立, 地基expansionn.扩充, 开展, 膨胀, 扩张物, 辽阔, 浩瀚jointn.接缝, 接合处, 接合点, 连接, 接合, expansionjoint膨胀节n.地面, 地板, 基底, (室内的)场地, 层drawingn.图画, 制图, 素描术drain.排水沟, 消耗, 排水orificen.孔, 口plugn.塞子, 插头, 插销maximumn.最大量, 最大限度, 极大minimumn.最小值, 最小化instrumentn.工具, 手段, 器械, 器具, 手段inchn.英寸(=1/12英尺)horizontaladj.地平线的, 水平的verticaladj.垂直的, 直立的, 顶点的, [解]头顶的gagen. (=gauge) 标准度量, 计量器n.装配, 装置plasticn.塑胶, 可塑体, 塑料制品, 整形radiusn.半径, 范围, 辐射光线, 有效航程, 范围, 界限restrictionn.限制, 约束reliefn.减轻, (债务等的)免除,steeln.钢, 钢铁vacuumn.真空, 空间, 真空吸尘器volumen.卷, 册, 体积, 量, 大量, 音量refluxn.逆流, 退潮回流hydrolyzevi.水解drumn.鼓膜, 鼓室desorptionn.解吸附作用meltv使融化, (使)熔化, 使软化, nitrogenn. [化]氮nickeln. [化]镍, 镍币hydrogenn.氢chlorinen. [化]氯oxygenn. [化]氧strippern.汽提塔2. PID图难点词汇crushern. 压碎的东西, 镇服人的事实, 打击ejector驱逐者, 放出器, 排出器convey搬运, 传达, 转让compressorn压缩物, 压缩机, [医]收缩肌centrifugen. 离心分离机binn. 箱柜agitationn. 搅动incinerator焚化装置, 焚化炉, 焚尸炉flare闪光, 闪耀flamen. 火焰filter滤波器, 过滤器, 滤光器, 筛选fann. 扇子, 鼓风机, 风扇elevatorn.电梯, 升降机mill压榨机, 磨坊, 磨粉机, 工厂, 制造厂mixer搅拌器, [电] 混频器sieve筛, 滤网sewern.下水道reducer缩减者, 减压器, 还原剂reactor反应器pelletizer造球[粒]机, 树脂料切碎机packagen.包裹, 包orificen.孔, 口motor发动机, 电动机silencern.消音器, 灭音器slopen.斜坡, 斜面, 倾斜sprayer n.喷雾,喷雾器strainern.滤网, 松紧扣, 过滤器sump污水坑, 水坑, 池, 机油箱temperature n. 温度vesseln. 容器, 器皿\导管3、介质代码气体AA 空气FL 火炬气体 FLG 烟道气FG 燃料气GAM 氮气IA 仪表空气NG 天然气PA 工厂空气VG 放空气蒸汽和冷凝液ENC 超高压蒸汽冷凝液ENS 超高压蒸汽NC 高压蒸汽冷凝液NS 高压蒸汽MC 中压蒸汽冷凝液MS 中压蒸汽PC 工艺冷凝液TC 气轮机冷凝液酸碱液体CS 碱液体FC 氟硅酸HA 盐酸PPA 磷酸SA 硫酸水和液体排放CWS 循环冷却水给水CWR 循环冷却水回水DW 脱盐水FW 新鲜水PLW污水PTW饮用水PW 工艺RW 原水RWS冷冻水供水RWR 冷冻水回水SW软水WL 废液WS 废水油FO 燃料油LO 润滑油SO 密封油制冷剂AR 氨制冷剂ER 乙烯制冷剂PR 丙烯制冷剂工艺物料AOH灰、CF 煤粉、CS 煤浆、DAP磷酸二胺、 FC 燃料煤、FL填料、G气氮、GS 石料浆、GYP 石膏、 NG 氢气、LA 液氨、LM 液氮、LU大颗粒尿素、MAP磷酸一胺、MU 熔融尿素、 PG 工艺空气、 PS 硫酸钾、 PR磷矿、PRS 磷矿浆、PY硫铁矿、RC原料煤、 SL 渣、 SR硫磺、 SSP普钙、TSP 重钙、US尿素溶液、UR尿素、ML甲醇（液体）、MG 甲醇（气体）绝热类型HI 保温、 ST 蒸汽伴热、 CL保冷、ET 电伴热、PP 人身防护、 WJ水夹套、 FP 防冻、 SJ蒸汽夹套、NC隔噪声、缩写词AMB 环境温度、 ATM 大气、 BL 界区、 BLP 爆破压力、CO清理口、COMN 连接、CSC 未经允许不得开启、CSD 未经允许不得关闭、DCS 集散控制系统、 DH 分配管、 DP设计压力、 DR 导淋、 DT 设计温度、DWG 图纸、EL 标高、 FC 故障时阀关闭、FL 故障时阀保持原位、FQ 故障时阀开启、FV 全真空、H 高、HH 高高、HS 软管站、L低、 LL 低低、 MAX最大、 MIN 最小、NC正常关、NO 正常开、MOZ 接管口、 OP 操作压力、 OT 操作温度、RS 可拆卸短管、SP整定压力、ST 直通、TYP 典型的、UC公用无聊连接口、 VAC 真空、 VT 放空特殊管件和分析取样点DP 风门、EJ 膨胀节、 FH 法兰连接软管、HC软管活接头、 RO 限流孔板、RP爆破片、RV减压阀、SG 视镜、SS 安全淋浴洗眼器、STR过滤器、 SV 安全阀、 TS 临时过滤器、SL消音器、SP 特殊管件4、尿素设备7bar/ Atm absorber7巴/常压吸收塔7bar absorber feed cooler 7巴吸收塔给料泵Mp/Lp decomposer 中/低压分解器Heat exchanger 热交换器Mp/Lp carbamate condenser中压/低压甲铵冷凝器Conditioned cooling water cooler 调温水冷却器Liquid ammonia feed pump液氨给料泵Reycle solution feed pump 循环溶液给料泵High pressuer ammonia pump 高压氨泵High pressuer carbamate pump 高压甲铵泵CO2 compressorCO2压缩机First/second/third stage intercooler一/二/三段间冷却器Turbine condenser 透平冷凝器Hp pressuer stripper 高压汽提塔pool condenser 池式冷凝器Mp/Lp dissociation heater中/低压分解加热器First/second stage evaporation 一/二段蒸发器First/second stage evaporation condenser一/二段蒸发器冷凝器atm absorber recirculation cooler 常压吸收塔循环冷却器Atm absorber circulation pump 常压吸收塔循环泵Process condensate cooler 工艺冷凝液冷却器desorber heat exchanger 解吸换热器hydrolyzer heat exchanger 水解换热器reflux condenser 回流冷凝器flush steam condenser cooler 闪蒸蒸汽冷却器First/second desorber 第一/第二解吸塔Hydrolyzer 水解塔prilling tower 造粒塔prilling granulator 喷射造粒机prill bucket 造粒喷头scraper 刮料机H2 converter 脱氢反应器Reactor 合成塔First/second/third stage evaporation separator 一/二段蒸发器分离器Flush tank 闪蒸槽Ejector at First/second stage evaporation condenser 一/二段蒸发器冷凝器喷射泵Urea solution tank 尿液储槽Ammoniawater tank氨水槽Waster water sump废水槽Lever tank for reflux condenser 回流冷凝器液位槽Stream drum 低压汽包Steam saturation drum 蒸汽饱和器Urea solution pump 尿素溶液泵Urea melt pump 尿素熔融泵Carbamate boosting pump 甲铵升压泵Reflux pump 回流泵Desorber feed pump 解吸给料泵Hydrolyzer feed pump 水解给料泵Hp flushing water pump 高压冲洗水泵Steam cond pump 蒸汽冷凝液泵Conditioned cooling water pump调温水泵Waste water snmp pump 废水槽泵Turbine cond pump 透平冷凝液泵Ammonia water 氨水合成设备（一）Como hydrotreater 101-DAir filter 102-LAir compressor interstage cooler by 101-J vendor 129-JC/130-JC/131JCPrimary reformer 101-BTransfer line 107-DPrimary waste heat boiler 101-CA/CBSecondary reformer 103-DSecondary waste heat boiler 102-CShift converter 104-DH/DLPrimary shift effluent waste heat boiler 103-CMethanator feed heater 104-CSmall low temperature shift converter 104-DSRaw gas separator 102-FCondensate boiler steam jets 1104-CCo2 stripper gas reboiler 1105-CLow temperature shift effluent gas/boiler feed water exchanger 1106-C Methanator 106-DSynthesis gas compressor suction chiller 1115-CMethanator effluent cooling water exchanger 115-C1ts effluent demin water cooler 1108-CQuench drum 1121-FMethanator effluent cooler 144-CCondensate pump 1150-JSyngas suctcon drum 104-FSynthesis gas and recycle compressor 103-J。
化工相关词汇
化工相关词汇化工相关词汇化工是指利用化学反应和物理变化等手段对自然界中的化学物质进行分离、提纯、合成和加工等技术过程的总称。
从广义上讲，化工涵盖了从研发原料到制造产品再到销售和应用的全过程。
而对于从业者来说，掌握化工相关词汇是非常重要的。
下面是一些常见的化工相关词汇：1. 反应器（reactor）反应器是化学反应过程中的核心设备，通常是一个密封式容器，用于实现反应的控制和运行。
反应器通常是由钢铁、钛、镍、不锈钢等材料制成的。
2. 反应物（reactant）指参与化学反应的原始物质，只有反应物发生化学反应才能形成化学反应物。
3. 反应性（reactivity）反应性是衡量物质与其他物质反应速率或化学变化易度的性质。
物质的反应性可通过其最初的化学组成，以及其中不同部分之间相互作用和分子间交互作用来体现。
4. 催化剂（catalyst）催化剂是指在化学反应中能够降低反应活化能、提高反应速率、同时不改变化学反应过程对末产品的影响的物质。
催化剂可以分为化学催化剂、生物催化剂和光催化剂，广泛应用于各种化学反应和工业流程中。
5. 电解质（electrolyte）电解质是化学中的一种重要物质，指在水或其他溶剂中能够离解成离子的物质。
电解质常用于电沉积、制取金属、电池、电解和阴极保护。
6. 化学反应（chemical reaction）化学反应是指两个或更多物质之间发生的化学变化，产生新的物质的过程。
化学反应通常需要化学反应物、催化剂、温度和反应过程中产生的能量。
7. 化学工程（chemical engineering）化学工程是一门基于化学原理和技术，利用化学反应原理和设备制造技术开发、设计、生产和优化生产过程的工程学科。
8. 材料科学（materials science）材料科学是研究材料的物理、化学的性质、加工、制备以及材料性能与结构之间相互关系的学科，涉及从微观到宏观层面的材料研究。
9. 加工工艺（processing technology）加工工艺是指制造过程中使用的技术、方法、步骤和设备。
化工专业英语单词集锦
Abatement消除Abbreviated:缩写Accumulating累加,积累Accurateprocedure精确的程序Aceticacid:醋酸Acidanhydride:酸酐Acidiccatalyst：酸性催化剂Acidic:酸的Acquainted熟识的；知晓的；Adapter:接头Additively:附加地Adiponitrile：己二腈Adjacent:临近的Adjustment:调整Aldehyde:醛Aldehyde：醛,醛类Aldosugar：醛糖Aldohexose:己醛醣Aldopentose:戊醛糖Aldotetrose:丁醛糖Alertness:警戒,机敏Alkaline碱性的Alkaloids:生物碱Alkylgroup:烷基Alkylation:烷化Allotropes:同素异形体Allylicbromide:丙烯基溴Alphabetically照字母顺序排列地Aluminiumfluoride氟化铝Aluminiumhydrofluoride 氢氟化铝Amazed:使吃惊Ambiphilic：两亲的Amine：胺Ammonia：氨水Ammonia：氨Anhydrous：无水的Anti-tumor:抗癌Apparatus装置,设备；仪器Appointment约定Aqueouslayer水层Arsenic砷Atmospheric大气压Audience观众；听众；读者；接见Auxiliary辅助的；副的；附加的Axial-flow-packed-bedre actor轴向流固定床反应器Axially:轴向方向Azide:叠氮化物Backer支持者；赞助人；援助者Backyard后院Basis：基Batch：批,批量Batch-flow间歇流Beaker烧杯Beaker烧杯Bellcore贝尔通信实验室Beneath在…下方Beverage饮料Beverage饮料Bioinorganiccompound生物无机化合物Bioreactor:生物反应器Biotechnology：生物技术Bizarre:奇怪的Blur:模糊Boilerfiringconfigurati on锅炉燃烧配置Boilerfurnace锅炉燃烧室Boilingstone：沸石Bonded结合的Bound约束Branchedalkane:支链烷烃Brandnew:全新的；崭新的Bromination溴化Brominesource溴源Buildup增强Bulb洗耳球Bunsen-grove-battery本生葛洛夫电池Buret滴定管Burner燃烧器Butyricacid:丙酸Cacaobean：可可豆Caffeine咖啡因Calculator计算器Capabilities：能力Capillarytube：毛细管Caprolactam:己内酰胺Captain队长,首领；船长；上尉；海军上校Carbondioxide：干冰Carbonate碳酸盐Carbonhydrate:碳水化合物Carbonyl:羰基Catalytic催化Causticsoda苛性钠Cellculture：细胞培养Cellulose：纤维素Centralnervoussystem中枢神经系统cGMP动态药品生产管理规范Chalcogenide硫属化物Chamber：室,膛；房间Charge充电Chiralamine:手性胺Chiral:手性Chloride：氯化物Chlorination:氯化作用Chloroform氯仿Chromatography:色谱分析法Circulate：流通Circumvent回避,绕开Claim要求；声称；索赔；断言；值得Clamp：夹Claycrucible粘土坩埚Clay-lined粘土内衬的Clumsy:笨拙的,不得当的Coalplant:火力发电厂Coil:线圈Colanut：可乐坚果Column：柱Combinedcycle复合循环Combinedextract混合提取物Commercialized:商业化的Communities社区；团体,群体Comparable:可比较的Complex:复杂的Complex:络合物Compositionalname化学成分名称Configuration配置,结构Conserve保护Constitutional构成的Continuouslystirredtank reactor连续搅拌箱式反应器Contractionforce:收缩力Conventionalwisdom:传统智慧,传统观点；世俗认知Correspondenceto：一致Corundum:刚玉Counterpart:配对物Craftsman:工匠Crashout：析出；Criteria:标准Crosslinkedenzymecrysta l:交联酶晶体Crude:粗糙的Cryogenictemperature:制冷温度,低温度Cryolite:冰晶石Cryolite:冰晶石Culminate:到绝顶；达到高潮；达到顶点Cyanide氰化物cyclicalkane:环烷烃Cyclohexanone:环己酮Cyclone:旋风除尘器Cyclopropylamine=cyro+p ropylamine环丙胺Cyclopropylcarboxamide:环丙酰胺Cylindrica:圆柱形的Cylindrical:圆柱形的Decoration:装饰装潢Degussa:Degussa人名；法德居萨Dehydration：脱水Deionizevt.除去离子；消电离Deionizedwater:去离子水Derivedfrom来源于Desiccator:干燥器Designation:表示Desulfarator去硫反应器Devised设计Dialkylzinc二烃基锌Diazomethane重氮甲烷Dichloroformethane二氯甲烷Dichloromethane:二氯甲烷Discharge放电Discharge-recharge-cycl e放电充电循环Diselenide联硒化物Disposablepipet一次性移液管Disseminated:传播的Disulfide:二硫化物Disulphide二硫化物Dithioketal二硫缩酮Diuretic利尿剂Dose剂量Dozenof很多个Drain：排干Drainage排水Drop-wise一滴一滴的Drowsiness睡意Dynamo发电机Educationinstitution 教育机构Efficientoperatio运行高效EelectrochemicalInterca lation电化学嵌入Electrode电极Electrofilter电除尘器Electrolysi:电解Electrolyte:电解液Electrolyte电解液Electronic-miniaturizat ion小型电子化Electrophile:亲电子试剂Embarked:从事,着手Emphasis重点Endofpipe结束于烟管Energy-conservation-mea sure:能源节约手段Entrepreneur:企业家Envisage正视,面对；想像Enzymatictransformation：酶转化Enzyme酶Enzymatic酶的Epoxide环氧化物Equilibrium平衡Equivalencepoint平衡点Erlenmeyerflask锥形瓶Erythrose:赤藓糖Ester：脂Ethanol：乙醇Ether：乙醚Ethylacetate:乙酸乙酯Eventual最后的,结果的；Exceptionally异常地；特殊地；例外地Excimer：基态原子Exciplexlaser:复合受激态激光器Exclusively唯一地；专有地；Exhilarating令人兴奋的Exothermic放热的Exothermic放热的Experimentalist实验者Extensionclamp牵引夹Externalcircuit外部电路Extract榨出物Extracted引出的Extraction脱出Faucet旋塞Feasibility可行性Fed-batch分批式Fermentation发酵Fervently热心地；热诚地Fiery炽热的Filterflask过滤烧瓶Filterfunnel滤过漏斗Filtration:过滤Fingercondenser指型冷凝管Fingercot：手套Firmly稳固地Firstionizationpotentia l：第一电离电位Flask长颈瓶Flexibility柔性,弹性Flue烟道；暖气管Fluidizedbed流化床Fluorinatingreagent氟化剂Fluorine氟Fluorouracil氟尿嘧啶Focus焦点FormulaeFormula的复数Fragile：脆的；易碎的Frameworkstructure架状结构Framework框架,骨架；Frozenargon冷冻的氩Fructose果糖Fryingpan:煎锅;长柄平底锅Fuel-bound与燃料结合的Fullbore全通,最大量Fullsuction全力抽吸Functionalmoietiesofphe nolphthaleinFunnel漏斗urfurylalcohol糠醇,呋喃甲醇Galactose:半乳糖Gangedsyringepump联合注射泵Gasifier汽化炉Gel-coated凝胶镀膜的Gentlesuction缓慢抽吸Germanide锗化物GermideGetridof除去Gluconicacid葡萄糖酸Glucose葡萄糖fructose果糖Glucose葡萄糖Glycerin甘油Glycose单糖Glycosidic:糖苷的Glycosidic:糖苷的；配糖的Glycosylglycoside配糖Glycosyl:糖基Gravimetricenergydensit y质量比能量,能量密度Gravityfiltration重力过滤Grayish浅灰色的Ground研磨grind的过去分词Guarantee确保Gypsum石膏halogens卤素Handcast手工铸造Helicalteflon螺旋状特氟龙Helium氦Helsinki赫尔辛基芬兰首都Hemiacetal半缩醛Heteroatom杂质原子Heterocycle杂环化合物Hexagonal六角的Hexane正己烷Hofmann霍夫曼Holder持有者,拥有者Hotwaterbath水浴热hue色调,色彩Hurdle障碍Hybrid混合的,杂化的Hydrate水合物Hydrocarbon碳氢化合物Hydrochloric-acid盐酸Hydrochloricacid盐酸Hydroelectricity水电Hydrogenperoxide过氧化氢Hydrogenaseenzyme氢化酶Hydrogenation:氢化作用Hydrolysis:水解作用Hydrolytic-kineticResol ution水解动力学拆分Hydrolytic:水解作用的Hydrolyze:水解Hypothesize:假定Immediate立即的,直接的Immobilized固定化的Immobilizedcatalysts固载化催化剂Impart给予,告知Impeccable无瑕疵的,没有缺点的Implantable可植入的Impose加强,强加Incorporate合并,混合Incorporating合并的Increment增量Increment增量Indicator指示剂Industrialscale工业规模Industrialist实业家；工业家Ingredient原料,要素,组成部分Injection注射Inlet入口Insertion插入；嵌入；插入物Insomnia失眠Instantly立刻Instant瞬间的Intercalationcompound夹层化合物,嵌入化合物Interior内部的Intermediate中间物,媒介Internalconfiguration 内部构型International-initiativ e国际倡议Intimatemixing均匀混合Intriguing有趣的,吸引人的Inventor发明家；发明人；创造者Iodide碘化物bromide溴化物Iosdine碘Irreversible不可逆的Isobutane异丁烷Isocyanate异氰酸盐Isomer同分异构体Isomerization异构化Italicise用Jerk猝然一动颤动Junior年少者,晚辈；地位较低者；大学三年级学生Ketosugar酮糖Ketoester酮酯Ketohexose:已酮糖Ketone:酮Ketonesandaldehydes 酮类和醛类Krypton氪Kyotoprotocol京都议定书Label标记Lactose乳糖Latextubing乳胶管latticework格子Launch开始；下水；起飞；发射；Launch发起Legacy遗迹Legislation立法；法律Ligand配合基Lightingrodsystem避雷针Lime石灰Line内衬Linger徘徊,逗留Linkage结合Lipid脂类Log记录；Lubricant润滑剂Lustrous有光泽的Lustrous有光泽的；光辉的Magnesiumchloridemelt氯化镁熔融物Malformation畸形Maltose麦芽糖Manganese锰Mannose甘露糖Margin空白Materialized使物质化,使具体化Matrix基质Medicaltherapy医药治疗Membrane薄膜Membrane薄膜memorableexperiment纪念意义的实验Meniscus弯液面Mentor指导者Mercurybulb:水银球Mercury水银Merging合并；归并Metabolite代谢物Metallurgical冶金的Metastable亚稳的,介稳的methanol甲醇Methanol甲醇Methlxanthines甲基黄嘌呤碱Methyltert-butylether:甲基叔丁醚Meticulous一丝不苟的；小心翼翼的Microburner微焰灯Microlithography显微光刻法Microporous多微孔的Microreactor微反应器Microreactor微型反应器Microscopic微观的Microseparator微型分离器Microtechnology微加工技术Milliliter毫升Miniaturized小型化Minireactor微型反应器Miscible易混溶的Mitigate使缓和,使减轻Modicum少量,一点点Monochromatic单色的Monocyclic单环的Monosaccharide单糖Monosaccharrideresidue 单糖残基Monosaccharrideresidue 单糖残基Monument纪念碑Mount安装Nanofiltration纳米过滤Naphthalene卫生球Narrow-boretube小直径管Nearultraviolet近紫外Neatcondition洁净的条件下Neon氖Neopreneadapter氯丁橡胶转接器Neutralization中和Neutralize中和动词Nickname绰号Nitration硝化Nitricoxide氧化一氮Nitrile腈,腈类Nitrousacid亚硝酸nitricacid硝酸Nitrousoxide一氧化二氮NobelLaureate诺贝尔奖获得者Nomenclature命名法Nonrusting不生锈的Non-solvent非溶剂Nucleicacid核酸Nucleophile亲核试剂Oberlinuniversity奥伯林大学Olefin烯烃Oligomer低聚物Oligomer低聚物Oligonucleotide寡核苷酸Oligosaccharide寡糖Oligosaccharide寡糖Onaspace-timebasis从时空上Onatonnagebasis以吨计Onitsside在其一侧Opening开口Optimalcondition最适条件Optimalyield最佳生产Ore矿；矿石Organometalliccompound 有机金属化合物Organoselenium有机硒Organosulfur:有机硫Ornament装饰；装饰物；Ounce盎司Overcharge过充Over-discharge过放电Overfilling过量装满,溢出Overflow溢出Oxidant氧化剂Oxidize氧化Oxidizing氧化的,氧化作用Oxidizing氧化的；氧化作用Participant参与者Particulate微粒,微粒状物质Pasteurpipet巴氏吸管Patentexaminer专利审查员PCRamplification聚合酶链式反应扩增Pearsonsymbol皮尔逊记号, Pentavalent五价的Pentose戊糖Peptide缩氨酸Perkadox二叔丁基过氧化异丙基苯Perkinmedal珀金奖章Peroxide过氧化物Perspective观点；远景；透视图Pharmaceutical制药Pharmaceutical制药Phenolic酚类化合物Phenolphthalein酚酞Phenylselenol苯硒酚Phosgene光气Phosphorus磷Phosphorus磷Photobromination=Photo+bromination光溴化反应Photochemical光化学的Photolytic光解的Photon光子Pilotplant试验工场pilotplant试验工场Pink粉红色Pinpoint查明Pipet移液管Pitfall陷阱Pittsburgh匹兹堡Pivotal关键的Plant工厂Plastic塑性的Plugflowreactor活塞流动反应器Plugflowreactor活塞流反应器PM细颗粒Polarity极性Pollutant污染物Polyacrylateresin聚丙烯酸树脂Polymer-bound聚合物类Polymorph同质多晶体Polymorphism同质多晶Polyolefin聚烯烃Popca易拉罐Portable便携的Portion一部分Post-treatment后处理Potential潜能；可能性；电电势Poundpand磅precede先于Precedence优先Precisionengineering精密工程Preclude排除precursor先驱Preferably较好Pregnant怀孕Pressurized增压；密封；Prior先前,在此之前Priority优先；优先权；数优先次序Prismatic棱柱的Proceeding进行；程序；诉讼；事项Processcontrol过程控制Processstream工艺物料流Processing流程,处理Pronounced显着的Propane丙烷Propensity倾向Propionicacid丙酸Propylamine丙胺proximity接近Publicawarenes公众意识Pulse脉冲Pulverizedfuelstation煤粉电站Pulverized-coal煤粉Purification提纯；Purified使纯净；Purine嘌呤Purple紫色的pursue从事,进行Pyramid金字塔；角锥体Pyrimidine嘧啶Quantitative定量Quantum量子论Rack支架Radially放射状的Radical自由基Radicalinducedtelomerization自由基诱导的调聚反应Radicalinitiator自由基引发剂Radon氡Raisingcapital融资Reactionpot反应罐Reagent试剂Recall回想Rechargeable可充电的Rechargeable可再充电的Recipient接受者recirculating再循环Recognition承认；赞誉Recommendation推荐Recrystallization再结晶；ReductivedimerizationAcrylonitrile：还原二聚丙烯腈Regulation管理规则；校准Relaxant弛缓药Relentlessly坚韧地；不懈地；百折不挠地Remainingsolvent剩下的试剂Replated错误Repulsive排斥的Residencetime停留时间Residue残渣Resin-mediatedepimerization树脂介导的差向异构化Resourceful足智多谋的Respiratorysystem呼吸系统Restlessness心神不定Reversible可逆的Rhodium铑Ribose核糖Ribos核糖Ribose核糖Ringclamp环形夹子RingStand环形架Rinsewith漂洗Rubberring橡胶圈rubbertubing橡胶管rusting生锈的Nonrusting:不锈的;防锈的Schematic示意的Scheme计划Scheme计划Scratchpaper便签纸Scratch刮Scrub净化Scrubbed精制的,纯净的Scrubber洗涤器Scrubbing洗涤Seal密封Sec-phenethylacetate；乙酸苯乙酯Seed：在这里是“晶核”的意思Selenaphenol:苯硒酚selenenylhalide卤化氢硒seleniumequivalentofehtersandthioethers硒当量的酯和硫酯Selenol:硒醇Selenone硒砜Selenoxide硒亚砜Semi-continuous半连续Semiprecious次珍贵的；准宝石的Senior上司；较年长者；毕业班学生Separator分离器Separatoryfunnel；分液漏斗Setup装置Sidereaction副反应Side-armfilterflask侧壁过滤瓶Silane硅烷Silicagel硅胶Siliconeoil硅油Siloxane硅氧烷Silveryglobule银色的球状体Simulatedmovingbedchromatography模拟移动床色谱Sink洗涤槽Slurry浆体,悬浮液Sodiumhydroxide氢氧化钠Sorbent吸附剂Sorbitol山梨醇Sparkoff激发Spatula药匙Specify指定；详细说明Spectroscopic光谱学的Splitsecond一刹那,极快Split分裂Spontaneous自发的Spray喷雾Standardization标准化Standardized标准的Staple订书钉Stateoftheart现有技术Staticmixer静态混合器Steamsuperheater蒸汽过热器Steam蒸汽Stereochemistry立体化学Stereoisomer立体异构体Stick棍Stimulant兴奋剂Stirredbedreactor搅动床反应器Stoichiometric化学计量的Stoichiometry化学计量法Stopcock活塞,开关Stopper塞住Strength强度Stringent严厉的；迫切的Structurally在结构上Sublimation升华Sublime升华Substantially大幅度地Substituent取代基Substitutively代替地Subunit子单元Sucrose蔗糖Sugar糖Suite一套家具;套房; sulfate硫酸盐Sulfone砜Sulfur硫Supercritical临界的Supercritical超临界的Supersaturate过饱和Supersaturated过饱和的；Suspension悬浮液Sustaining持续的Swell增强Swirl真空Swirl旋转Swollen肿胀的Systematicnomenclature:系统命名法Tabulated制成表的Tangentialultrafiltrati on切向超滤Tannin鞣酸Tearing撕裂,撕开Terminology用词,命名法Testtube试管Tetrafluoroethylene四氟乙烯Tetrose四糖Thermodynamic热力学的Thermometer温度计thieletube熔点测定管Thiol硫醇Thiophenol苯硫酚Threose苏阿糖Thrill兴奋Throughput生产量tipoff因倾斜而使得掉下来Titrant滴定剂Titratedsubstance被滴定的物质Tonnage吨Torch火把Transition-metal过渡金属translucent透明的,半透明的Transportation运输Trap套子Tremor震颤Trial试验；审讯；努力；磨炼Trivialname惯用名Tubing管子Turbine涡轮；涡轮Ultra超级Ultraviolet紫外的；紫外线的Unacceptableyield不能接受的生产Uneven不均匀的Unitoperation单元操作Uracil尿嘧啶Uranium铀Vacuum真空Variable可变的,变量的Variant变体；转化Versatility多功能性；多才多艺；用途广泛Vessel容器,器皿Viable可行的Videinfra参见下文Vision远景Visual视觉的visually视觉上Volatile挥发性Volatility挥发性Volatilized挥发的Volumetric测定体积的Walk-inhood：Wastecontainer垃圾桶Watchglass载玻片Winding缠绕Withdrawn撤出Woodshed柴房Workup激发wurtzite纤锌Xanthine黄嘌呤Xenon氙Xylose木糖Zincblende闪锌矿。
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氨ammonia 氨基酸amino acid铵盐ammonium salt饱和链烃saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon 苯benzene 变性denaturation 不饱和烃unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料superconductive material臭氧ozone 醇alcohol 次氯酸钾potassium hypochlorite 醋酸钠sodium acetate 蛋白质protein 氮族元素nitrogen group element 碘化钾potassium iodide 碘化钠sodium iodide 电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion电解质electrolyte 电离平衡ionization equilibrium 电子云electron cloud 淀粉starch 淀粉碘化钾试纸starch potassium iodide paper二氧化nitrogen dioxide二氧化silicon dioxide二氧化sulphur dioxide二氧化manganese芳香烃arene放热反exothermic非极性分子non-polar非极性non-polar bond肥皂soap分馏fractional酚phenol复合材composite干电池dry cell干馏dry distillation甘油glycerol高分子化合物polymer共价键covalent bond官能团functional group光化学烟雾photochemical过氧化hydrogen合成材synthetic material合成纤synthetic fiber合成橡synthetic rubber核电荷nuclear charge number 核素nuclide化学电chemical power source 化学反应速率chemical reaction 化学键chemical bond化学平chemical equilibrium 还原剂reducing agent磺化反sulfonation reaction 霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分polar molecule极性键polar bond加成反addition reaction加聚反additionpolymerization甲烷methane碱金属alkali metal碱石灰soda lime结构式structural formula聚合反po1ymerization可逆反reversible reaction 空气污染指数air pollution勒夏特列原理Le Chatelier's离子反ionic reaction离子方程式ionic equation离子键ionic bond锂电池lithium cell两性氢氧化物amphoteric两性氧化物amphoteric oxide裂化cracking裂解pyrolysis硫氰化potassium thiocyanate 硫酸钠sodium sulphide氯化铵ammonium chloride氯化钡barium chloride氯化钾potassium chloride氯化铝aluminium chloride氯化镁magnesium chloride氯化氢hydrogen chloride氯化铁iron (III) chloride氯水chlorine water麦芽糖maltose 煤coal 酶enzyme 摩尔mole 摩尔质量molar mass 品红magenta 或fuchsine 葡萄糖glucose 气体摩尔体积molar volume of gas 铅蓄电池lead storage battery强电解质strong electrolyte 氢氟酸hydrogen chloride 氢氧化铝aluminium hydroxide取代反应substitution reaction醛aldehyde 炔烃alkyne 燃料电池fuel cell 弱电解质weak electrolyte 石油Petroleum 水解反应hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride 塑料plastic 塑料的降解plastic degradation塑料的老化plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定acid-base neutralizationtitration酸雨acid rain 羧酸carboxylic acid 碳酸钠sodium carbonate 碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate 碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate 糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon 烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon 烃基hydrocarbonyl 同分异构体isomer 同素异形体allotrope 同位素isotope 同系物homo1og 涂料coating 烷烃alkane 物质的量amount of substance 物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B 烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent 纤维素cellulose 相对分子质量relative molecular mass 相对原子质量relative atomic mass 消去反应elimination reaction 硝化反应nitratlon reaction 硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银silver nitrate 溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide 溴水bromine water溴水bromine water 盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts 盐析salting-out 焰色反应flame test 氧化剂oxidizing agent 氧化铝aluminium oxide 氧化铁iron (III) oxide 乙醇ethanol 乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne 乙酸ethanoic acid 乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate 乙烯ethene 银镜反应silver mirror reaction硬脂酸stearic acid油脂oils and fats 有机化合物organic compound 元素周期表periodic table of elements 元素周期律periodic law of elements 原电池primarybattery 原子序数atomic number 皂化反应saponification 粘合剂adhesive 蔗糖sucrose 指示剂Indicator 酯ester 酯化反应esterification 周期period 族group (主族：main group ) Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH 值指示剂,氢离子（浓度的）负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷氢硫酸salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的。