《中等生》阅读附答案
部编人教版六年级语文下册短文阅读及答案(完美版)
部编人教版六年级语文下册短文阅读及答案（完美版）一、课内阅读。
①有一年秋天，贝多芬去各地旅行演出，来到莱茵河边的一个小镇上。
一天夜晚，他在幽静的小路上散步，听到断断续续的钢琴声从一所茅屋里传出来，弹的正是他的曲子。
②贝多芬走近茅屋，琴声忽然停了，屋子里有人在谈话。
一个姑娘说：“这首曲子多难弹哪！我只听别人弹过几遍，总是记不住该怎样弹，要是能听一听贝多芬自己是怎样弹的，那有多好哇！”一个男的说：“是呀，可是音乐会的入场券太贵了，咱们又太穷。
”姑娘说：“哥哥，你别难过，我不过随便说说罢了。
③贝多芬听到这里，推开门，轻轻地走了进去。
茅屋里点着一支蜡烛。
在微弱的烛光下，男的正在做皮鞋。
窗前有架旧钢琴，前面坐着个十六七岁的姑娘，脸很清秀，可是．．眼睛失明了。
（节选自《月光曲》）1．请在选文第①段中用“”画出跟第②段中“总是记不住该怎样弹”相照应的地方。
2．文中哪些词句可以看出兄妹俩生活贫困？请写在下面的横线上。
________________________3．有人说姑娘是一个善解人意的人，你同意这种看法吗？为什么？________________________4．第③段中带点词语“可是”表达了作者怎样的情感？________________________二、阅读理解。
皮箱与柿子尤今①从义乌搭乘火车到上海，历时三个小时。
②从来不把购物作为旅游重点活动的我，来到义乌后，却抵制不了诱惑，一头扎进商品海洋里，大买特买，原本携带的两只皮箱装不下，只好另外买了一只超大的箱子。
上了火车后，才知道“累赘”两个字怎么写。
把两只较小的箱子放到头顶上面的行李架上，那只超大的皮箱，只好硬塞在座位旁边的空间里——那个空间，原本是让乘客仲展双腿的。
③刚把一切安顿好，上来了一对日本夫妇，他们手拿着车票找座位，来到我们面前，对了对号码，座位正是对着我们的。
一看到挤在座位旁的大行李，他们便露出了不满意的神情。
④他们指着那件行李，叽叽咕咕地说了一大堆话，我清楚地知道，他们是嫌那件行李占据了应该属于他们的空间。
中等生_小学作文
中等生
本文是关于小学作文的中等生，感谢您的阅读！摊开皱巴巴的稿纸，
脑子里却仍然一片空白。
看着桌上那些获得“XX大赛XX奖”的文章，
心里面却只有羡慕的份儿。
晚上睡觉时都会流哈喇子，
梦见那绞尽脑汁写出的“美文”，
会让自己像韩寒一样一夜成名。
可是第二天满怀希望地打开电脑，
却看见编编无情地批了个“普通”上去。
那道“甲乙丙丁分苹果”的弱智题，
想了几百万年也没出个头绪。
那不断变换顺序的“ABCDEFG”，
不知在哪个世纪演变成了让人昏昏欲睡的催眠曲。
老师还在叽叽呱呱地表扬某人解题思路新颖，
只是那个“某人”永远不会变成自己的名字。
常常对自己说，
算了吧，注定只能当一个中等生了。
可为什么，
心里还是有说不出的空洞与失落呢？。
2023-2024学年七年级上学期期末测试语文试卷(含答案)
2023-2024学年七年级上学期期末测试语文试卷（含答案）一、积累与运用（18分）1.中国书法是一门古老的汉字书写艺术，从甲骨文、金文（钟鼎文）演变为大篆、小篆、隶书，再到定型于东汉、魏、晋的草书、楷书、行书等，书法一直散发着艺术的魅力。
请从下面的选项中为甲、乙两幅书法作品分别选出最适当的评价。
A.隶书：蚕头雁尾，一波三折，中正平和B.楷书：棱角分明，笔画平直，规矩整齐C.行书：行云流水，结构灵活，端正平稳D.草书：删繁就简，省笔变形，狂放不拘甲：乙：（2分）2.阅读下面语段，按要求答题。
中华民族有着优良的读书传统。
闲来读书是一种良好的习惯，勤学善学之风更是一脉相承。
............;..............;............;.............无不体现了中国对阅读炽热的情感。
书籍能描绘浩瀚天地间千姿百态的风俗和人情，让浮躁的心沉淀下来；书籍能传递漫长岁月里灿烂美好的理想和智慧，让干渴的心沸腾起来人生几十年，让我们以满腔热ch6n投入到阅读之中，做一名能与伟大时代相松的中华儿女。
（1）根据拼音写汉字或给加点字注音，①热ch6n②相称（2分）（2）在文段横线处填入下面的语句，排列最恰当的一项是（）o（2分）①苏轼的“旧书不厌百回读，熟读深思子自知”②于谦的“书卷多情似故人，晨昏忧乐每相亲”③ 杜甫的“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”④ 孔子的“学而不思则周，思而不学则殆”A.③①②④B.②③①④C.④①③②D.④③①②（3）根据文义，仿照文中画横线的句式再写一个句子。
（2分）3.班刊编辑部将开展“阅读经典•启迪人生”综合性学习活动，请你积极参与这项 活动并完成下列四个任务。
（1）任务一：班刊编辑部向全班同学征集文雅的班刊名称和有趣的班刊栏目，请补写完整。
（2分）（2）任务二：下面是编辑成员设计的读书海报，请你根据括号提示，将 海报内容补充完整。
（4分，①②题各1分，③题2分）班刊名称班刊栏目班刊栏目班刊栏目三—名著推荐漫话人生—悦.读读①_（《朝花夕拾》具体篇目），我们可以了解到鲁迅先生关于儿童家庭教育的观念。
新人教版六年级语文上册理解阅读及答案(完美版)
新人教版六年级语文上册理解阅读及答案（完美版）一、阅读理解。
地球在呻吟忧天，人类才可自救。
不必援引枯燥的数据，不必借用古老的格言，我们只需用肉眼仰望一下头顶的天空，就应当惊愕地承认：它早已不是天的原稿，已经被“现代文明”的烟尘复印得浑浊而模糊。
“，一行白鹭上青天。
”那四种颜色——（）、（）白、青，为什么那样清晰，只是因为那时的“天”是“原天”，清澈、透明得近乎庄子笔下的“无”——无尘、无垢、无形、无秽。
今天，全世界每年有56亿吨矿物燃料变成烟尘，留在太空中。
老实说，我们不仅失去了“原天”本身，此外还失去了原云、原霞、原雨、原雪、原气……不必讳言，在人类的生存空同和视野中，已无一块净土：珠峰的雪样中含汞含锰，大西洋海底有铅、铬沉积，南极企鹅体内含苯，北极烟雾在加浓变酸。
假如说，6500万年前，恐龙灭绝于流星撞击地球产生的有毒烟尘，那么今天呢？今天，地球上每天约有400万人患上各种环境病。
和“龙”比肩的物种——“虎”，9个亚种已灭绝4个；仅仅50年，亚洲虎的总量就由6万多只锐减为2千余只，中国境内的虎则由2万多只骤减为几百只。
人类唯一的生存场——地球，已经在呻吟、在呼喊：“我好痛……1．请在第3自然段中的横线上填上诗句，在括号里填上恰当的词语。
2．第2自然段中的“原稿”比喻____________。
这段话中最能形象体现“污染”的意思的词语是____________。
“现代文明”的双引号的作用是___________________________。
3．第7自然段中，主要运用了________、______和___的说明方法，旨在说明___________。
4．题目“地球在呻吟”运用了什么修辞手法？有什么作用？_____________________5．为了不让地球母亲再次发出呻吟，你有什么好的建议？请写出两条。
_________________________二、课内阅读。
小城里每一个庭院都栽了很多树。
中等生·高考英语专题18：阅读理解-说明文类
中等生�高考英语专题18：阅读理解-说明文类学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇×5＇sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment zxxk out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.1．What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A．It’s delicate. B．It’s expensive.C．It’s complex. D．It’s portable.2．What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A．The tube. B．The still.C．The hole. D．The cup.3．What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?A．Dig a hole of a certain size. B．Put the cup in place.C．Weight the sheet’s center down. D．Cover the hole with the plastic sheet. 4．When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form ________.A．the plastic tube B．outside the holeC．the open air D．beneath the sheetTerrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle —named the Transition – has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000.And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administr ation’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.5．What is the first paragraph mainly about?A．The basic data of the Transition.B．The advantages of flying cars.C．The potential market for flying cars.D．The designers of the Transition.6．Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?A．It causers traffic jams.B．It is difficult to operate.C．It is very expensive.D．It burns too much fuel.7．What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car?A．Cautious B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.8．What is the best title for the text?A．Flying Car at Auto ShowB．The Transition’s First FlightC．Pilots’ Dream Coming TrueD．Flying Car Closer to RealityWhen a leafy plant is under attack, it do esn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbours react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the firstplant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth. Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.9．What does a plant do when it is under attack?A．It makes noises. B．It gets help from other plants.C．It stands quietly D．It sends out certain chemicals.10．What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?A．The attackers get attacked.B．The insects gather under the table.C．The plants get ready to fight back.D．The perfumes attract natural enemies.11．Scientists find from their studies that plants can ________.A．predict natural disastersB．protect themselves against insectsC．talk to one another intentionallyD．help their neighbors when necessary12．What can we infer from the last paragraph?A．The world is changing faster than ever.B．People have stronger senses than beforeC．The world is more complex than it seemsD．People in Darwin’s time were imaginative.After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations— major food sources (来源) for the wolf — grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’s beavers.As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolvers. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well. 13．What is the text mainly about?A．Wildlife research in the United States.B．Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.C．The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.D．The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.14．What does the underlined word ＂displaced＂in paragraph 2 mean?A．Tested. B．Separated.C．Forced out. D．Tracked down.15．What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?A．Damage to local ecology.B．A decline in the park’s income.C．Preservation of vegetation.D．An increase in the variety of animals.16．What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project?A．Doubtful. B．Positive.C．Disapproving. D．Uncaring.The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into amobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particula rly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and th is often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.” Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”17．What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?A．To explore new means of transport. B．To design new types of cars.C．To find out older driver’s problems.D．To teach people traffic rules.18．Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?A．It keeps them independent. B．It helps them save time.C．It builds up their strength. D．It cures their mental illnesses.19．What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?A．Improve their driving skills. B．Develop driver-assist technologies.C．Provide tips on repairing their cars. D．Organize regular physical checkups. 20．What is the best title for the text?A．A new Model Electric Car B．A Solution to Traffic ProblemC．Driving Service for elders D．Keeping Older Drivers on the RoadMeasles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption（豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.21．The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________.A．a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trendB．the outbreak of measles attracts the public attentionC．anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasonsD．information about measles spreads quickly22．Herd immunity works well when ____________.A．exemptions are allowedB．several vaccines are used togetherC．the whole neighborhood is involved inD．new regulations are added to the state laws23．What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?A．The overuse of vaccine.B．The lack of medical care.C．The features of measles itself.D．The vaccine opt-outs of some people.24．What is the purpose of the passage?A．To introduce the idea of exemption.B．To discuss methods to cure measles.C．To stress the importance of vaccination.D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控制论）, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is notin-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with itstask. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of th at possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshi ne.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.25．Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .A．run out of human controlB．satisfy human’s real desiresC．command armies of killer robotsD．work faster than a mathematician26．Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to .A．prevent themselves from being destroyedB．achieve their original goals independentlyC．do anything successfully with given ordersD．beat humans in international chess matches27．According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .A．help super intelligent machines work betterB．be secure against evil human beingsC．keep machines from being harmedD．avoid robots’ affecting the world28．What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?A．It will disappear with the development of AI.B．It will get worse with human interference.C．It will be solved but with difficulty.D．It will stay for a decade.Suppose you’re in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.Realisation will probably set in seconds after you’ve clicked “send”. You freeze in horrors and burn with shame.What to do? Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.Clicking “send” too soonDon’t waste your time trying to find out if the receivers has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.Writing the wrong timeThe sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake. Keep the tone measured: don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offered, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(I.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).Clicking “reply all” unintentionallyYou accidentally reveal(透露)to entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday you’d like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when ever yone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.Sending an offensive message to it’s subjectThe most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkindmessage about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you’re discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly—see it as an opportunity tic hear up any difficulties you may have with this person.29．After realizing an email accident, you are likely to feel _______.A．curious B．tiredC．awful D．funny30．If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to ________. A．apologise in a serious mannerB．tell the receiver to ignore the errorC．learn to write the name correctlyD．send a short notice to everyone31．What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email? A．Try offering other choices.B．Avoid further involvement.C．Meet other staff members.D．Make a light-hearted apology.32．How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email?A．By promising not to offend the receiver again.B．By seeking support from the receiver’s friends.C．By asking the receiver to control his anger.D．By talking to the receiver face to face.33．What is the passage mainly about?A．Defining email errors.B．Reducing email mistakes.C．Handling email accidents.D．Improving email writing.CHRONOLOGICA——The Unbelievable Years that Defined HistoryDID YOU KNOW…In 105 AD paper was invented in China?When Columbus discovered the New World?The British Museum opened in 1759?CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the Internet. Along the way are tales of kings and queens, hot air balloons…and monkeys in space.Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasn’t always as good as it sounds, how the Hundred Years’ War didn’t actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record.CHRONOLOGICAis an informative and entertaining tour into history, beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!34．What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?A．A biography. B．A travel guide.C．A history book. D．A science fiction.35．How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?A．By giving details of its collection.B．By introducing some of its contents.C．By telling stories at the beginning.D．By comparing it with other books.Before birth, babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes to embryonic learning (胎教), birds could rule the roost. As recently reported in The Auk: Ornithological Advances, some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch (孵化). New-born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of entering the world.This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer, a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia, and her colleagues. Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs. When the eggs were hatched, the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers—a sound that served as their regular ＂feed me!＂call.To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds, the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren, another species of Australian songbird. First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and after hatching. Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes. A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks, ranking them by similarity.It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs, the more similar were the babies’ begging calls. In addition, the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most food.This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological (神经系统的) strengths of children to parents. An evolutionary inference can then be drawn. ＂As a parent, do you invest in quality children, or do you invest in children that are in need?＂Kleindorfer asks. ＂Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.＂36．The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means＂____________＂.A．be the worst B．be the bestC．be the as bad D．be just as good37．What are Kleindorfer’s findings based on?A．Similarities between the calls of moms and chicks.B．The observation of fairy wrens across Australia.C．The data collected fro m Queensland’s locals.D．Controlled experiments on wrens and other birds.38．Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which ____________. A．can receive quality signalsB．are in need of trainingC．fit the environment betterD．make the loudest callDo you wear your school uniform in your school life? Believer it or not, there are quite a few advantages of wearing school uniforms. The idea may seem disagreeable at first, but considering all the positive effects coming from wearing uniforms you would be more likely to enjoy them.Teachers love school uniforms because it helps provide an orderly learning environment. Having students dressed in uniforms may teach them how to present themselves in a neat and professional manner. It gives students the opportunity to learn how to dress like young ladies and gentlemen. And they can focus their attention on academies rather than style.Purchasing school uniforms is easy and needs less hesitation and consideration. No matter what the school’s pol icy is, there are only specific essential pieces to the wardrobe(服装)that are necessary, so it won’t break the bank. A few wardrobe items can last a long time. Parents could also enjoy an easy morning, as it will take less time to chose a set of clothes for the school day.Students wearing uniforms will feel less pressure about what to wear or not to wear when their classmate are dressed similarly. Getting dressed before school becomes less of a chore when students are limited in their choices, so there shou ldn’t be any trouble about choosing an outfit for the day and getting ready quickly. Some students may not like the lackof individuality(个性)with a uniform, but some school dress code policies may offer them the opportunities to show their unique styles.Uniforms today are also becoming trendier and can be seen in many areas of pop culture. Celebrities and fashion designers are using uniforms as inspiration for new looks which also appeal to students.39．Teachers think that wearing school uniforms___________.A．is just a tradition that students should followB．makes students feel less pressure in studyC．helps students put more effort into their studiesD．makes students lose their independence and identity40．The underlined part “it won’t break the bank” in Paragraph 3 probably means“_________”.A．a school uniform doesn’t cost a lot of moneyB．a school uniform should be worn every dayC．parents will have to go to the bank many timesD．parents who work in a bank can afford the uniform41．We can infer from the text that school uniforms______________.A．are not popular with fashion designersB．were not accepted by parents in the pastC．will be designed by students themselvesD．will be more fashionable in the future42．The author’s attitude towards students’ wear ing school uniforms is _________. A．negative B．supportiveC．doubtful D．unclearWhen most of us hear the word chocolate, the verb that comes to mind is probably “eat”, not “drink”, and the most proper adjective would seem to be “sweet”. But for about 90 percent of chocolate’s long history, it was strictly a beverage(饮料), and sugar didn’t have anything to do with it.The Origin of ChocolateMany modern historians have estimated that chocolate has been around for about 2000 years, but recent research suggests that it may be even older. In the book The True History of。
阅读理解题型和解答技巧系列老师用
阅读理解题型及解答技巧系列阅读理解中的开放型试题类型及解答技巧（一）话题类例释：例⒈“充满良好习惯的生活，才是合于‘自然’的生活”，合于“自然”的生活应是怎样的生活，谈谈你的看法。
例⒉抗“非典”引发了人们的一些深思，你是怎么想的，谈谈你的见解。
（50字左右）例⒊上文阐述了人类与大自然的关系，请从中选择一点，谈谈你的看法。
例4.电脑已进入千家万户，我们写文章写信都可以用电脑代替，且电脑打印出来的字美观整齐，有些人认为现代化的书写工具，不必再费神地练字，对此，你的看法是。
话题类特点：共同的特点就是要求我们围绕某一话题谈谈自己的见解或看法。
这一类题在解答过程中，我们应从四个方面去把握答案：①紧扣话题这是一个基本前提，如果组织的答案脱离了话题，自然就不行了。
②选一角度一般这类题可以切入的角度很多，在组织答案时，我们只需选取一点即可，不能东说西道，多点开花。
③申明观点自己赞成什么，反对什么，用一句话概括出来，态度一定要明朗，不能模棱两可。
④谈点理由作为一道小题，它自己的观点，用三两句简单说不要求我们展开论述，只需围绕一下自己的理由就可以了答题精点：紧扣话题，选一角度，申明观点，讲点理由如例⒉我们就可以这样来答题：我认为“非典”并不可怕，因为“非典”并非不治之症，已经康复的患者就是最好的证明，我们应当坚信，只要采用科学的方法去预防、治疗，“非典”一定会远离我们而去。
（二）指代类例释：例⒈第2段说“这是被古今中外许多人的成功经验证明了的”，“这”指的是。
例⒉文章第③段划线句子“由此看来”的“此”指代哪些内容？例⒊文中加横线的“那多有趣”的“那”指的是。
指代类特点:都是围绕“某一代词”设题，让我们找出其具体指代的内容。
在解答时，应把握住以下三点：①找前句这一类题的答案，都在“代词”前的句子中，要么是某个词语，要么是整个句子，有的和“代词”紧紧相连，有的还需往前找几个句子，所以一定要认真搜求，不可盲目作答。
②答案需用原词句。
北京朝阳日坛中学初二上期中语文(含解析)
北京市日坛中学2012-2013学年度第一学期初二年语文期中考试试卷第一部分积累·运用（13分）1.下面划线字的字形注音全部正确的一项是（）（2分）A．溃．退（kuì）拂．晓（fó）惊骇．（hái）锐不可当．（dǎng）B．寒噤．（jìn）能奈．（nài）震悚．（sǒng）眼花瞭．乱（liáo）C．伛．身（yǔ）脏．物（zāng）愧怍．（zuò）呆滞笨拙．（zhuó）D．掳．去（lǔ）烦躁．（zào）阻遏．（è）满院狼藉．（jí）2.下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）（2分）A．因势象形月明风青B．穷愁潦倒张皇失措C．长途拔涉连声诺诺D．从容不破大廷广众3.下列诗句中与“莲”无关的一项是（）（2分）A．清水出芙蓉，天然去雕饰。
B．无可奈何花落去，似曾相识燕归来。
C．清塘饮水下藕根，春风带露沾侬衣。
D．花中君子来哪方？婷婷玉立展娇容。
4.文后的四个句子依次填入横线处，恰当的一组是（）（2分），你尽可流动明眸，欣赏白云蓝天，飞流激湍；，你尽可闭目凝神，倾听莺歌燕语，春水潺潺；，你尽可翕动鼻翼，呼吸牡丹的浓香，黄菊的清爽；，你尽可品评自娱，把玩深尝。
①文学是一座姹紫嫣红的百花园②文学是一杯回味无穷的香茗③文学是一幅意境高远的中国画④文学是一首清脆圆润的古曲A．①③④②B．④③②①C．③④①②D．②①③④5.下列作家、作品和朝代或国籍对应有误的一项是（）（2分）A．《爱莲说》——刘禹锡——唐B．《阿长与<山海经>》——鲁迅——现代C．《就英法联军远征中国给巴特勒上尉的信》——雨果——法国D．《石壕吏》——杜甫——唐代6.将下面这段文字的主要内容用一句话表述出来，字数在20字以内（含标点符号）（3分）北京时间6月5日凌晨，中国奥运会冠军刘翔在美国俄勒冈尤金举行的普雷方丹世界田径精英赛中，击败7个美国跨栏高手，以13秒06的今年世界最佳成绩夺得男子110米跨栏冠军，并将约翰逊和韦德1998年创造的普雷方丹田径精英赛13秒12的赛会记录提高了0.06秒。
揠苗助长续写300字
揠苗助长续写300字第一篇:《揠苗助长续写300字》揠苗助长续写300字揠苗助长续写第二年，宋国的那个农夫又开始种禾苗了。
他在种禾苗的时候，心里想：今年我肯定会有大丰收的。
第二天，农夫来到田里，他看见有些禾苗发黄了，心想：这是什么情况？我是按儿子说的去做的，禾苗怎么会发黄呢？他想：是不是水浇少了。
于是，他马上浇水。
他浇了又浇，心想：这下，你不会再发黄了吧！他从早上一直浇到中午，累得精疲力尽。
回到家里，他高兴地说：儿子，咱家今年禾苗要大丰收了。
儿子说：爹，这次不会再是吹牛吧！农夫说：一定不会的，你还不知道你爹的厉害。
他的儿子还是很着急，生怕他老爹会把禾苗弄糟了。
于是他很着急地跑到田里去了。
他一看，糟糕！所有的禾苗都淹死了！这件事情告诉我们，做任何事情不能操之过急，要根据实际。
不然好心会办坏事的！第二篇:《揠苗助长(续写) (3000字)》揠苗助长（续写）揠苗助长续写300字第二年，那个种田人想：禾苗已经死了，没有种子了，不能再种禾苗了，哪就改种花生吧。
于是他就去买了一大袋花生种子，他把花生撒在土里，这一次他不敢偷懒了，经常浇水，施肥，辛勤劳作。
到了夏季，他的花生长高了很多，那个人高兴极了，心想，我这次不能这么着急了，一定要等到花生成熟了再去拔。
到了秋天就可以丰收花生，还能可以拿去卖钱还可以拿来吃，真是太好了。
他越想越美，晚上他梦见他躺在花生上睡得可香了。
到了秋天，他兴致勃勃地去收花生，到了地里一看，天啊，一棵花生也没有，他自言自语地说“这花生白种了，一棵也没有，算了，拔了丢了吧，真是浪费我的力气。
”他越想越生气，他使劲一拔，咦，花生怎么在土里？他又拔了一棵，真的啊，土里有很多花生，才拔了几棵就一袋花生了，他高兴地说“原来花生是长在土里的啊！”他背着沉甸甸的袋子，一面走一面高兴地哼着歌，他终于明白靠劳动再能获得丰收。
揠苗助长续写300字揠苗助长续写300字广西南宁青秀区共南小学二年级:黄铄鑫第三篇:《揠苗助长续写》《傅雷家书》是我国文学艺术翻译家傅雷及夫人写给傅聪、傅敏等的家信摘编，写信时间为一九五四年至一九六六年六月。
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《中等生》阅读附答案
阅读《中等生》，完成文后题目.
中等生
刘继荣
①女儿的同学都管她叫“二十三号”。
她的班里总共有五十个人，而每每考试，女儿都排名二十三。
久而久之，便有了这个雅号，她也就成了名副其实的中等生。
②我们觉得这外号刺耳，女儿却欣然接受。
丈夫发愁地说，一碰到公司活动，或者老同学聚会，别人都对自家的“小超人”赞不绝口，他却只能扮深沉。
人家的孩子，不仅成绩出类拔萃，而且特长多多。
唯有我们家的“二十三号女生”，没有一样值得炫耀的地方。
③有时，他一看到娱乐节目里那些才艺非凡的孩子，就羡慕得两眼放光。
后来，看到一则九岁孩子上大学的报道，他很受伤地问女儿：“孩子，你怎么就不是个神童呢？”女儿说：“因为你不是神父啊。
”丈夫无言以对，我不禁笑出声来。
④中秋节，亲友相聚，坐满了一个宽大的包厢。
众人的话题，也渐渐转向各家的儿女。
趁着酒兴，要孩子们说说将来要做什么。
钢琴家，明星，政界要人，孩子们毫不怯场，连那个四岁半的女孩，也说将来要做央视的主持人，赢得一阵赞叹。
⑤十二岁的女儿，正为身边的小弟弟小妹妹剔蟹剥虾，盛汤揩嘴，忙得不亦乐乎。
人们忽然想起，只剩她没说了。
在众人的催促下，她认真地回答：“长大了，我的第一志愿是，当幼儿园老师，领着孩子们唱歌跳舞、做游戏。
”众人礼貌地表示赞许，紧接着追问她的第二志愿。
她大大方方地说：“我想做妈妈，穿上印着叮当猫的围裙，在厨房里做晚餐，然后，给我的孩子讲故事，领着他在阳台上看星星。
”亲友愕然，面面相觑，不知道该说些什么。
丈夫的神情极为尴尬。
⑥周末，一群同事结伴郊游。
大家各自做了最拿手的菜，带着老公和孩子去野餐。
一路上笑语盈盈，这家孩子唱歌，那家孩子表演小品。
女儿没什么看家本领，只是不时跑到后面，照看着那些食物。
把倾斜的饭盒摆好，松了的瓶盖拧紧，流出的菜汁擦净。
忙忙碌碌，像个细心的小管家。
⑦野餐的时候，发生了一件意外的事。
两个小男孩，一个奥数尖子，一个英语高手，同时夹住盘子里的一块糯米饼，谁也不肯放手，更不愿平分。
丰盛的美食源源不断地摆上来，他们看都不看。
大人们又笑又叹，连劝带哄，可怎么都不管用。
最后，还是女儿，用掷硬币的方法，轻松地打破了这个僵局。
⑧回来的路上堵车，一些孩子焦躁起来。
女儿的笑话一个接一个，全车人都被逗乐了。
她手底下也没闲着，用装食品的彩色纸盒，剪出许多小动物，引得这群孩子赞叹不已。
下车时，每个人都拿到了自己的生肖剪纸。
听到孩子们连连道谢，丈夫禁不住露出了自豪的微笑。
⑨期中考试后，我接到了女儿班主任的电话。
首先得知，女儿的成绩，仍是中等。
不过他说，有一件奇怪的事想告诉我，他从教三十年了，第一次遇见这种事。
语文试卷上有一道附加题：你最欣赏班里的哪位同学，请说出理由。
除女儿之外，全班同学，竟然都写上了女儿的名字，理由也很多。
班主任还说，很多
同学建议，由她来担任班长。
他感叹道：你这个女儿，虽说成绩一般，可为人实在很优秀啊。
⑩我开玩笑地对女儿说：你快要成为英雄了。
正在织围巾的女儿，歪着头想了想，认真地告诉我说，老师曾讲过一句格言：当英雄路过的时候，总要有人坐在路边鼓掌。
11她轻轻地说：妈妈，我不想成为英雄，我想成为坐在路边鼓掌的人。
我猛地a，默默地打量着她。
她安静地织着毛衣，淡粉的线，在竹针上缠缠绕绕，仿佛一寸一寸的光阴，在她的手里，吐出星星点点的花蕾。
我心里竟是蓦地b。
12那一刻，我忽然被这个不想成为英雄的女儿打动了。
这世间有多少人，年少时渴望成为英雄，最终却成了烟火红尘里的平凡人，如果健康，如果快乐，如果没有违背自己的心意，我们的孩子，又何妨做一个善良的普通人。
（选自《读者》2008年第八期，有删改）
小题1:文中的父亲对女儿有哪些不同的情感态度？（3分）
①对女儿的学习与才艺：_____________________________________
②对女儿的理想：_____________________________________
③对女儿在郊游中的表现：_____________________________________
小题2:阅读第⑥—⑧段，文中写了有关女儿的三件事，请用简洁语言概括出来。
（3分）
答：_____________________________________
小题3:阅读第11段，为横线处选择恰当的词语，并说明理由。
（4分）
a处: _____________________(一暖、一震)
b处：____________________ (一暖、一震)
理由：_____________________________________
小题4:从全文看，你觉得全班同学欣赏女儿的原因有哪些？（3分）
答：_____________________________________
参考答案：
小题1:①失望（发愁）②无奈（哭笑不得、尴尬）③自豪
小题1:第一件事：去郊游的路上，女儿像小管家一样照看食物。
第二件事：野餐时，女儿巧妙化解了两个小男孩之间的矛盾。
第三件事：回来路上堵车，女儿讲笑话、剪小动物，给大家带来快乐。
小题1:a处：一震b处：一暖（各一分）
理由：a处(1分)：因为女儿说自己不想成为英雄，只想成为坐在路边鼓掌的人，母亲对女儿的这种想法感到有些意外，所以一震。
b处（1分）：母亲看到女儿那么安静，从容地织着毛衣，感受到了女儿那种平凡中的美，所以心中一暖。
小题1:①乐观幽默②热心助人③好相处，不爱生气④心灵手巧
小题1:试题分析：(1)根据第2段中“人家孩子都出类拔萃，我家孩子却总是二十三名，是一个名副其实的中等生”分析出我“发愁”的情感。
（2）根据第4段、第5段中“别人家的孩子想当钢琴家，明星，政界要人，做央视的主持人等，而我的孩子却想做幼儿老师、当妈妈”这让我很无奈。
根据第9段中“女儿成为全班最欣赏的人”可以感知到我特别的自豪。
小题1:试题分析：文章第6---8小节中围绕女儿这个人物一共写了三件事。
在去郊游的途中：小管家；野餐时：化解矛盾；回来的途中：给别人带来快乐。
小题1:试题分析：第10、11段讲老师打来电话说女儿是全班最欣赏的人，这让我非常的自豪，并笑着说女儿成为了英雄，而女儿却很平淡的看待这一切，
女儿说她只想做一个路边鼓掌的人，这让我为之“一震”。
“妈妈”从女儿从容织毛衣中感知到了女儿的纯洁，让她倍感温暖，所以心头“一暖”。
小题1:试题分析：从第2段中“我们觉得这外号刺耳，女儿却欣然接受”中可以分析出女儿“很好相处，不爱生气”这一性格特点；从第2段中“十二岁的女儿，正为身边的小弟弟小妹妹剔蟹剥虾，盛汤揩嘴，忙得不亦乐乎”可以分析出女儿具有“乐于助人”这一性格特点；从第2段中“我们觉得这外号刺耳，女儿却欣然接受”中可以分析出女儿“很好相处，不爱生气”这一性格特点；从第8段中“女儿的笑话一个接一个，全车人都被逗乐了。
她手底下也没闲着，用装食品的彩色纸盒，剪出许多小动物，引得这群孩子赞叹不已。
下车时，每个人都拿到了自己的生肖剪纸”分析出女儿具有“乐观幽默、心灵手巧”的性格特征。
搜集整理仅供参考。