高考英语虚拟语气--宾语从句中的虚拟语气
宾语从句中的虚拟语气
宾语从句中的虚拟语气
宾语从句是一个句子中作为宾语的从句，而虚拟语气则是指在句子中表达出一种假设、愿望或建议等非现实情况的语气。
在宾语从句中，如果表达的是一种虚拟情况，就需要用到虚拟语气。
虚拟语气分为三种：虚拟语气的陈述语气、虚拟语气的命令语气、虚拟语气的建议语气。
在宾语从句中，虚拟语气的陈述语气主要用来表达与事实相反的情况，如：“I suggest that he visit his grandparents.”（我建议他去看望他的祖父母。
）虚拟语气的命令语
气则用来表达一种不可能实现的命令，如：“She demanded that he be here now.”（她要求他现在就来这里。
）虚拟语气的建议语气则用来
表达一种不可能实现的建议，如：“It is recommended that he take a break.”（建议他休息一下。
）
在宾语从句中使用虚拟语气时，需要注意主从句的时态、语气和动词形式的一致性以及从句中是否有虚拟语气的标志词。
虚拟语气的标志词包括：suggest, recommend, demand, insist, require, order, prefer, would rather等。
总之，宾语从句中的虚拟语气是一种特殊的语气形式，需要结合上下文和语境来使用，以表达出准确的意思。
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高考英语 虚拟语气完整分类与讲解
虚拟语气第一部分：语气的定义和种类1 语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2 语气的种类⑴、陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！⑵、祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。
如：①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。
②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
⑶、虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如：①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
③May you succeed!祝您成功！虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。
让我们就从最简单的开始吧。
第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。
如：⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝愿。
1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法主要是表示一种与事实相反或不可能实现的假设、愿望、建议、命令等。
常用的虚拟语气形式有虚拟条件状语从句的"if"引导的虚拟语气、愿望句型的虚拟语气以及建议、命令等句型的虚拟语气。
1.虚拟条件状语从句的"if"引导的虚拟语气：在宾语从句中，如果条件句表达的是不可能实现或与事实相反的情况，那么主句的谓语动词就可以采用虚拟语气来表达。
例如：- I wish he were here.（我希望他在这里。
）其中，"were"是虚拟语气的过去式形式，用于表示与现实相反的情况，即实际上他不在这里。
2.愿望句型的虚拟语气：在宾语从句中，如果表达的是一种渴望或愿望，而该愿望实际上是不太可能实现的，那么常常使用虚拟语气来表达。
例如：- I would rather you came tomorrow.（我希望你明天来。
）其中，"came"是虚拟语气的一种形式，用于表示与现实相反的情况，即实际上他未来。
3.建议、命令等句型的虚拟语气：在宾语从句中，如果主句是一个建议、命令等，而宾语从句所表示的内容是不可能实现或与事实相反的情况，那么主句的谓语动词也可以采用虚拟语气来表达。
例如：- The teacher asked that he not be late for class.（老师要求他不要迟到。
）其中，"be"是虚拟语气的一种形式，用于表示与现实相反的情况，即实际上他经常迟到。
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用可以使句子更丰富多样，并能够准确表达说话人的想法、意愿和假设。
但需要注意的是，虚拟语气用法的正确性与自然性需要根据具体情况和语境来判断。
高考英语考点归纳(四)—虚拟语气
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。
高考考查虚拟语气主要和情态动词相结合。
1（1be动词的过去式用were”。
如：►. If I were a boy, I would join the army.►（2则用过去分词”►（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
如：►. If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)►. Were I a boy, I would join the army.►. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.►. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（①。
表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。
表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。
如：►. I wish it were spring all the year round.►. I wish I had known the answer.►suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist, request,should + 动词原形或是动词原形。
如：►. She suggested we (should) leave here at once.►（2作表示建议、等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+ 动词原形”。
如：►. His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.►（3“should + 动词原形”►. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that we should clean the room every day.►. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless.►. It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。
高中英语高考语法知识整理复习(虚拟语气+倒装句)
高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+ had + done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她（事实：去晚了）。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
（事实：不可能来）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。
宾语从句中的虚拟语气使用
宾语从句中的虚拟语气使用在宾语从句中，如果宾语从句所表达的内容与事实相反或与主句中的动词形态相矛盾时，可以使用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法如下：1. 要求、建议、命令、感叹等动词后的宾语从句中，虚拟语气使用"should + 动词原形"的形式。
例句：- She insisted that he should go to the party.（她坚持要他去参加派对。
）- He requested that the meeting should be postponed.（他要求会议应该被推迟。
）- It is important that we should study hard.（重要的是我们应该努力学习。
）2.在一些特定的动词后的宾语从句中，虚拟语气使用"动词原形（与过去形式相同）"的形式。
例句：- I suggest that they try again.（我建议他们再试一次。
）3. 在条件句中的宾语从句中，虚拟语气使用"would/should/could/might + 动词原形"的形式。
例句：- If he were here, he would help us.（如果他在这里的话，他会帮助我们。
）- If I had more money, I would buy a car.（如果我有更多的钱，我会买一辆车。
）- If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们会呆在家里。
）需要注意的是，虚拟语气的使用方法因语境和时态的不同而有所不同，以上仅是一些常见的使用情况。
因此，在具体的语境中，应根据需要确定正确的虚拟语气形式。
(完整)高考英语宾语从句中的虚拟语气
高考英语宾语从句中的虚拟语气一、动词 wish，suggest，order，insist，propose等后面的宾语从句中常使用虚拟语气，此时宾语从句中的动词表示的是一种愿望和要求。
1. wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。
wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，要按“后退一步法”处理从句中谓语动词的时态。
[注意]：表示何时的愿望，与哪个事实相反，不能以主句的时态为判断依据，而应根据从句的意义判断。
例如：I wish I could fly.我希望我能飞。
（用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的愿望）I wish I had known it before.我希望以前就对此事有所了解。
（用过去完成时表示过去未实现的愿望，即与过去事实相反的愿望）I wish you would stay a little longer.我真希望你能多呆一会。
（用would＋动词原形表示对将来的愿望）2. 表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。
这类动词包括：demand，suggest，order，insist，propose等。
这些动词后面的从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成虚拟语气，其中“should”可以省略。
例如：He insisted that all of us （should）be there on time by any means.他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时到那儿。
The teacher suggested that we （should）clean the blackboard after class.老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students （should）wash the clothes every week by themselves.他要求学生们每周都要自己洗衣服。
[注意]：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，暗示”时，其后的从句中不用虚拟语气。
高考英语虚拟语气的用法
高考英语虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、推测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的专门形式来表示。
下面分别介绍虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。
1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句注意:主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称,同时也可依照意思用情态动词could,might等代替should,would。
1)表示与现在事实相反:If I were you,I should stay at home.If the peasants could farm the land themselves,food production would be much higher.If fewer cash crops were grown,more food could be produced and there would be less or no starvation.2)表示与过去事实相反:If you had come yesterday,you would have met him.If the hurricane had happened during the daytime,there would have been many deaths.3)表示与今后事实相反:If you came tomorrow,we would have the meeting.If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off.If it should rain,the crops would be saved.4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时刻不一致时,动词的形式要依照它所表示的时刻来调整。
例如:If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。
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练习：
• 1.Mike's father， as well as his mother， insisted
that he ___D_____ at home.
A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay
• 2. Mr. Smith insisted that he __A___ the work all.
练习：
• 1.We wish we _B___ what you did when we were
at high school.
A. did C. have done
B. could have done D. should do
• 2.She wishes she _C___ to the theatre last night.
练习：
• 1.I wish I _C___ able to tell him all about it last night
A was B were C had been D should be
• 2.How I wish I _B___ to repair the watch! I only
made it worse
宾语从句中的 虚拟语气
• 第三种 : 在与表示“请求，要求，命令，建议”等意义 的词的宾语从句中，谓语通常用“should + 动原”且 should 可省。
• 一个坚持：insist
• 两个命令：order, command (名词是order, recommendation)
• 三个建议：advise, suggest，propose (名词是advice, suggestion, proposal)
宾语从句中的 虚拟语气
• 第一种 : 在wish后的宾语从句中，谓语常用：
→现在：过去时 （did/were）
eg: He wishes he could paint as well as an artist. eg: I wish I were ten years younger now.
→过去：过去完成时（had done）
• 3.I would rather you _C___ not here with me now.
A be B was C were D are
• 4. I’d rather you __B_____ anything about it for
the time being
A do B didn’t do C don’t D didn’t
eg: I wish I had been with you yesterday. eg: I wish I had met him yesterday.
→将来：would/could/might+动词原
eg: We wish the rain would stop. eg: I wish I would be a rich man.
B had read D am reading
宾语从句中的 虚拟语气
• 第二种 : 在would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语常用： 1.过去式来表示现在或将来的情况
eg: I would rahter you did it.
2.用过去完成时表示过去的情况
eg: I would rather you hadn't told me the truth.
练习：
• 1. I'd rather that you ____B____ home.
A. went B. have gone C. will go D. had gone
• 2.I’d rather you _B__ right away
A leave B left C will leave D to leave
A. went C. had gone
B. would go D. were going
• 3. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes
that he __C______ be tall when he grows up.
A. could B. should C. would D. were able to
• 1.He asks that he __D______ an opportunity to
explain why he's refused to go there.
A. is given C. should give
B. must give D. be given
• 2. I insisted that he ____B____ at once.
3. He insisted that all of us _s_h_o_u__ld__b_e__there on time by any
means.(be)
4. He insisted that he __d_i_d_n_’_t_s_t_e_a_l _ the wallet.(steal)
练习：
A had tried B hadn't tried C have tried D didn't try
• 3. I enjoyed the movie very much I wish I _B__
the book from which it was made
A have read C should have read
2.suggest 表“建议”，虚拟, should + do; 表“表明、暗示” ，用陈述语气。
1. The teacher suggested that we (_s_h_o_u_ld_)_p_r_a_c_ti_se more after class. (practise)
2. The look on her face suggested that she ___w_a__s__happy.(be)
A. be gone B. go C. would go D. might go
• 3. Li Ming insisted that he ___A_____ anything
at all.
A. hadn't stolen C. doesn't steal
B. shouldn't steal D. steal
• 四个要求：demand, require, request, desire (名词是demand, requirement, request, desire)
注意: insist / suggest 各有两意思，要用不同的语气
1. insisit 表“坚决要求”,虚拟, should + do; 表“坚称,坚持说”,陈述语气,表事实。
A. had done B. have done C. did D. so
• 3. His tired face பைடு நூலகம்uggested that he ___B_____
really tired after the long walk.
A. had been B. was C. be D. should be