介词 初一升初二英语讲义
成都百分师资教育初一升初二英语讲义
————介词
介词的用法
一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，才能在句子中起作用。有：in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, from…to…, at the back of…
中考介词主要考查要点如下：
1、介词与其后的名词或代词构成介词短语，在句中作状语、宾语、表语、宾补语后置定语。
2、介词与其前面的动词或形容词构成动词词组，后面要有宾语。这时的词组相当于一个及物动词。e.g: play with, be afraid of…。
3、表示时间的介词有：at, on, in。（1）at表示“在某一个具体的时间点上”，或用在固定词组中。如：at ten o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…（2）on表示“在某日或某日的时间段”。如：on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning…（3）in表示“在某一段时间（月份、季节）里”。如：in the afternoon, in September, in summer, in 2005…
4、in一词还有其他的固定搭配，如：in blue（穿着蓝色的衣服），in English（用英语表达），take part in（参加）。
5、in, to, on表示方位：in表示在某一地区之内的方位（属于该范围）。On表示与某一地区的毗邻关系。to表示在某一地区之外的某一方位（不属于该范围）他们所表示的位置关系恰似数学中圆的“包含（in）、相离（to）、相切（on）”关系。如：
Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 台湾位于中国东南部。
England lies to the west of France. 英格兰在法国的东面。
Hubei is on the north of Hunan. 湖北在湖南的北面。
指地点时，in表示“国家”、“城市”等大地方，如：in shanghai, in China等。at表示某一点或用于小地点前。
注意：in表示“在……里面、内部、某一范围内”，on表示“在……上”，请比较：
on the tree表示树上长的东西“在树上”。
in the tree表示鸟或其他东西“在树上”。
on the wall表示东西张贴或挂“在墙上”。
in the wall表示门、窗等嵌“在墙上”。
6、某些意思比较相近的介词用法辨析。
① across, through的用法区别
两者都表示“穿过，越过”，across含有“从……穿过”之意，或沿某一条线的方向而进行的动作；through含有“从……中间穿过”之意，当表示游、渡、乘船过海或过河时，用across。如：
The river runs through the city. 这条河从这个城市中间流过。
Go across the bridge, and you’ll find the park.
越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。
② over, above, on的用法区别
above 和over都表示“在……上方”，above指在上方的任意一点，表示在某物上的高低位置，不接触，其反义词是below；over一般指垂直方向，其反义词是under；on表示“在……上面”，且互相接触。如：
There is a pen on the desk .桌子上有一支钢笔。
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
The moon is now above the trees in the east. 月亮这是已在东边树林的上空。
③ in, after用法区别
in和after表示时间时，都是“在……以后”的意思，in表示从现在算起到若干时间以后，用于一般将来时和过去将来时。after表示从过去算起到若干时间以后，用于一般过去时。in 只可接时间段，after除接时间段以外，还可接时间点。如：
I’ll come back in a day or two.我一两天后就回来。
He left on Monday and returned after three days.他星期一离开的，三天后回来的。
I’ll ring you up after two o’clock.我将在两点钟后给你打电话。
④ in，by, with的用法区别
in 通常表示“用……语言、声音等”，也可表示“用……工具、材料等”；by后一般跟动名词或抽象化的可数名次（其前不用冠词），意为“用……手段或方式”；with表示“借助于某一具体的工具、材料或人体器官”。试比较：
They’re talking in English.他们在用英语交谈。
Do you usually go to school by bike?你通常骑自行车上学吗？
The old man had to make money by selling vegetables.那老人不得不靠卖菜挣钱。
People here build houses with stones.这里的人们用石头砌房子。
⑤ but, except, besides的用法区别
But表示“除……之外”，常与表否定意义的词连用。当but前有动词do的某种形式时，but 后接动词原形。如：
No body knew it but me.除了我之外，没有人知道此事。
Last night I did nothing but repair my farm tools.昨晚我除了修理农具外，没有做其他的事。except表示“除……之外（不再有）”，指从整体中排除except所带的人或物，它前面常有all, every, any, no等及其复合词。如：
The students go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.
除了星期六和星期天以外，学生们每天都上学。
We all went to visit the zoo except Li Lei.
除了李雷外，我们都去了动物园。
但在否定句中，except却不表排斥性。如：
She knows nothing except English. 它除了英语以外，什么也不懂。
Nobody came to see me except Jim. 除了吉姆，没有人来看我。
Besides表示“除了……之外(还有）”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上besides所包括的人或物，其前常有other, another, any other, a few等词。如：
Do you know any other language besides German? 除了德语外，你还懂别的语言吗？
Li Lei also went to the park besides you. 除了你之外，李雷也去了公园。
练一练：
1、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。
1) What’s this _____( at, on, in ) English?
2) Christmas is _____ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December.
3) The man ______ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.
4) He doesn’t do well _____ ( at, on, in ) PE.
5) Look at those birds ______ ( on, in ) the tree.
6) We are going to meet _______ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop ______( at, on, in ) half past ten.
7) Is there a cat ______ ( under, behind, in ) the door?
8) Helen’s writing paper is ______ ( in, in front of ) her computer.
9) We live _______ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.
10) Does it often rain ________ ( at, on, in ) spring there?
2、选择正确的答案
1）My father goes to work ______ his car.
A. by
B. in
C. on
2）I often go shopping with my mother _____ Sunday mornings.
A. in
B. at
C. for
D. on
3）The foreigners arrived _______Shanghai late _______night
A. at, at
B. in, at
C. in, in
D. at, in
4）A group______ boys and girls are dancing in the park.
A. with
B. of
C. for
D. to
5）Tom always comes late ______school.
A. at
B. inside
C. to
D. for
6）The shop____ clothes is _____the right side _____ the street.
A. of, at, beside
B. for, on, at
C. for, on, of
D. of, in, of
7）My father returned at 10 o’clock _______of June 15.
A .in the night
B .by the night
C .on the night
D .at night
8）China built a Great Wall ____the northern part ______the country.
A. to, in
B. across, of
C. across, on
D. at, of
9）The woman _______a red dress is my aunt.
A .in
B .at
C .of
D .on
10）I remember Susan left ______a very cold morning of January.
A .in
B .on
C .at
D .from
11）No one can stop her ______leaving for Shanghai.
A .of
B .from
C .to
D .for
12）______ the money, she bought a new coat ______ her father.
A. With, for
B. With, to
C. For, with
D. To, with
13）Taiwan is the southeast of China.
A. at
B. on
C. to
D. in
14) All the clerks went home Mr. Wang, for he had to finish his work.
A. except
B. besides
C. without
D. on
15) I hear the 2006 World Cup is held in Germany June 9th July 9th.
A. on; and
B. from; to
C. between; on
D. during; to
3、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词，并将正确的答案写在横线上。
1) Jim is good in English and Maths. __________
2) The films were in the ground just now. __________
3) They are talking to their plans. __________
4) How many students have their birthdays on May? _________
5）Women’s Day is at the eighth of March. __________
6) I can jog to school on the morning. __________
7) Did you water trees at the farm? _________
8) Can you come and help me on my English? _________
9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning. __________
10) What did you do on the Spring Festival? __________
初一上易错点总结：
改正下面句子：
[第一类] 名词类
1. 这些女老师们在干什么？
[误] What are the woman teachers doing？
2. 房间里有多少人？
[误] How many peoples are there in the room？
3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[第二类] 动词类
4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学？
[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school？
5. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。
[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening，but this evening she watching TV.
6 这双鞋是红色的。
[误] This pair of shoes are red.
[第三类] 代词类
7. 这张票是她的，不是我的。
[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
8. 吴老师教我们英语。
[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[第四类] 介词类
9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗？
[误] Can you find the answer of this question？
10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening.
11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
12. 莉莉，你为什么不回家呢？
[误] Lily，why don’t you go to home？
13. 我喜欢语文和英语，但我不喜欢体育和历史。
[误] I like Chinese and English，but I don’t like P.E. and history.
14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。
[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[第八类] 句法类
15. ――你不是学生吗？――不，我是学生。[误] ――Aren’t you a student？――No，I am.
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. 10. a, has, paper, Jack, plane, made . 1. There is a desk in the classroom. 2. Do they go to Europe every summer? 3. What do you do on Sundays? 4. How often do you eat vegetables? 5. China is a great country. 6. Can I ask you some questions? 7. What do people like to do outdoors in spring? 8. Tom wrote a report about robot yesterday. 9. Billy usually walks to school every day. 10. Jack has made a paper plane.
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初一升初二英语专项训练(一~)
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初一英语介词专题
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骆驼从非洲来。 2) dow nl oad from L I dow nl oad music from the In ternet. 我从网络上下载音乐。 3) be differe nt from h ,i Lily ' s habits are different from Linda ' s. 莉莉的习惯与琳达的不同。 3. with 和，用，与怎 1) with sb 和...... 人在一起 I ' m in Class One with Daming and Lingling. 我与大明 和玲玲都是一班的学生。 Would you like to go to the cinema with Betty and me? 你愿意与贝蒂和我一起去看电影么？ 2) with sth. 表示用某种工具屁 I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes. 我用我的笔写字，用我的眼睛来看。 4. at 在 .... 陰 1) 表示地点，主要指小地点。磁 My father is a teacher at Beiji ng Intern ati onal School. 我爸爸是北京国际学校的一名老师。 My mother is a doctor at the hospital. 我妈妈是医院医 生。 2) 表示时间，主要指时间的一个点。孟 I get up at half past seve n in the morning. 我早上七点半起床。 I usually do my homework at home and at the weekend.
初一英语下册介词的用法1
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初中英语初一升初二七年级升八年级衔接测试卷含答案
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初中英语介词专项讲解及练习(包含答案)
一．介词的含义 介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语与句中其它词的关系，不能单独使 用。介词可以与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。 二．表示时间的介词 at (表示钟点): at 6：30 固定搭配: at noon ; at night ; at present / at the moment in (表示年代/月份/季节): in July; in 2006; in September，1998 ； in spring 固定搭配: in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening on (表示具体日期: 某月某日/星期几): on Monday ; on Sunday morning ; on December 17 before在 --- 之前after 在--之后 by在--之前（时间）；到--为止until / till : 直到 --（时间） since自从 -- 以来for（接一段时间） during 在 -- 期间from 从--时起 in + 一段时间： --以后（用于将来时）within --之内 after+ 一段时间：--以后（用于过去时） beyond --之外 三．表示场所，方向的介词 at 在某处（小地方）（at the cinema； at school； at home； at the railway station） in 在某处（大地方）（in China； in Beijing）；在--里面（in the classroom； in the water） on 在--上面（紧贴着其表面）: (on the table; on one’s face) near 在---附近 beside：在--旁边by 在--旁边 between在--和--之间among在--（3者或更多的人或物）当中 in front of 在--的前面behind 在--的后面 beside: 在—旁边 into 进入--里out of 从--中出来 near / nest to 靠近 across穿过（沿着表面）through穿过（从中间）along 沿着 from -- to -- 从--到-- around 在--周围 over 在--的正上方under在--的正下面/ above 在--斜上方 below 在--斜下方
七年级英语介词专项练习
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