小度写范文2016年职称英语卫生类A级真题模板
2016年职称英语A级补全短文
Virtual DriverDriving involves sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzing with a brain, and coordination between hands, feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzes through his brain, and maintains coordination between his hands and brains. He can control afast-moving car with different parts of hisThis virtual driver has eyes, brains, hands and feet too. The minicameras on each side of the car are its eyes and are responsible for observing the road conditions ahead of it as well as the traffic to its left and right. If you open the boot, you can see the most importantpart of the automatic driving system：brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at, analyzing their position on the road, choosing the right path, and giving orders to the wheel and the control system.In comparison with the human brain, the virtual driver's best advantage is that it reactsand this doesn't include the time he needs to take action.With its rapid reaction and accurate control, the virtual driver can reduce the accident rate on expressways considerably. In this case, is it possible for us to let it have the wheel at anyto recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways.The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearlyand recognizes vehicles according to their regularbeing the case, people still have high hopes about driverless cars, and think highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like.Men Smell of Cheese and Women of Onions’s the conclusion of research in Switzerland that involved taking armpit sweat samples from 24 men and 25 women after he had spent time in a sauna or ridden an exercise bike for 15 minute.Men smell of cheese, and women of grapefruit or onion,” says Christian Starkenmann of Firmenich, a company in Geneva that researches flavours and perfumes for food and cosmetics companies.The team found that the women's armpit sweat constrained relatively high levels of an odourless sulphur-containning compound-5 milligrams per milliliter of sweat versus 0.5 milligrams in men. When the researchers mixed this compound in the lab with bacteria commonly found in the armpit, the bugs turned it into a thiol-a previously discovered odour from armpits that is akin to onion.“The more sulphur precursor we added, the more intense was the malodour,”saysStarkenmann, whose team’The men, meanwhile, had relatively high levels of an odourless fatty acid which turned into a cheesy odour when exposed to the same types of bacteria. The balance of oniony to cheesy precursors in women’s sweat made it smell worse than men’s as rated by independent smell assessors.We could make inhibitors that neutralise the precursors, or block the bacterial enzymes that do the conversion,”says Starkenmann.Some researchers are sceptical that gender is the main deciding factor, arguing that the patterns found in Swiss volunteers might not apply to other populations with differentThe value of motherhoodIn shopping malls，the assistants try to push you into buying “a gift to thank her for her unselfish love”. When you log onto a website, a small pop-up invites you to book a bouquet for her. Commercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around for this special Sunday in May.the world suggests that Jarvis got all she wanted. in fact, she got more-enough to make her horrified.Mother’s day is the No 1 holiday for flower purchases. Then there are the various commodities, ranging from jewelry and clothes to cosmetics and washing powder, that take advantage of the promotion opportunities. Because of this, Jarvis spent the last 40 years of her life trying to stop mother’s day. One protest against the commercialization of mother’s day even got her arrested-for disturbing the peace, interestingly.Ralph Fevre, a reporter at the UK newspaper the guardian, observe, traditionally “Motherhood is something that we do because we think it’s right.”But in the logic of commercialism, people need something in exchange for their time and energy. A career serves this purpose better.So they work hard and play hard. Becoming a mother, however, inevitably handicaps career anticipation.According to the guardian, there are twice as many child-free young women as there were a generation ago. Or, they put off the responsibility of parenting until later in their lives.So, Fevre writes that the meaning of celebrating mother’s day needs to be updated: “it is to persuade people that parenting is a good idea and to honor people for their attempt to be good people.”Primer on SmellIn addition to bringing out the flavor of food, what does the sense of smell do for us? Smell “gives us information about place, about where we are,” says Randall Reed, a JohnsHopkins University professor whose specialty is the sense ofWhether we realize it or not, we collect a lot of information about who is around us bas ed on smell,” says Reed.Even at a distance, odors can warn us of trouble-spoiled food, leaking gas, or fire. “It’s a great alert,” offers Donald Leopold, a doctor at Johns Hopkins. For example, if something in the oven is burning, everyone in the house knows it.With just a simple scent, smell can also evoke very intense emotion. Let’s say, for example,’s imagine that your mother died when you were three, and she used to have a flower garden. You wouldn’t need to identify the smell or to have conscious memories of your mother or her garden. You would feel sad as soon as you smelled that spicy odor. Compared with animals, how well do people detect smelts?That depends on what you mean by “how well”. We are low on receptor cells: current estimates say that humans have roughly five million smell-receptor cells, about as many asReed says that, across species, there is a relatively good correlation between the number of receptor cells and how strong the sense of smell is. “You can hardly find the olfactory bulb in a human brain-it’s a pea-sized object. In a mouse, it’s a litt le bigger. It’s bean-sized in a rat, about the size of your little finger in a rabbit, and the size of your thumb in a bloodhound.”Does that mean that our sense of smell is not very acute?Not exactly. While we may not have the olfactory range of other creatures, the receptorswe do have are as sensitive as those of anytrained “nose”, such as that of a professional in the perfume business, can name and distinguish about 10,000 odors. Reed says that a perfume expert can sniff a modem scent that has a hundred different odorants in it, go into the lab, and list the ingredients. “In a modest amount of time, he comes back with what to you or me would smell like a perfect imitation of that perfume. It’s amazing.”What happens to our sense of smell as we age?Leopold says that smell is generally highest in childhood, stays the same from the teens through the 50s, and drops starting at about 60 for women and 65 for men. “The average 80-year-old is only able to smell things half as well as the average 20-year-old,” says Leopold.Einstein Named "Person of the Century"Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets ofthe atomand of the universe, was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday.A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of the 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology."The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological-technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science.”wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Timeessay explaining Einstein's significance.Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom anddemocracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and humanrights became crucial factors in global politics.“What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedom's fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with itamazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom.”said Time MagazineEditor Walter Isaacson.could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams.In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricateexamples of human imagination inEverything else - mass, weight, space, even time itself - is a variable. And he offered the world his now –famous equation :energy equals mass times the speed of light squared -E=mc2.There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality.”Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Rooseveltdid not workon the project.Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.。
2016年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案（4）
Chronic Diseases：The World's Leading KillerChronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by two thousand fifteen.It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area.In ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic losses.Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the st ween in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄⽣的）diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through two thousand fifteen.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.36.How many people in developing countries will probably die of chronic diseases by 2015？A.More than 17 million.B.More than 380 million.C.More than 304 million.D.More than 25 million.37.Due to chronic diseases China will have to faceA.great pressure from other countries.B.a limited economic market.C.a shortage of the labor force.D.huge economic losses.38.Which can NOT be learned from the passage？A.Many chronic-disease deaths are preventable.B.Chronic diseases are the major cause of death in most countries.C.Chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people than elderly people.D.Eonomic gains in many countries have contributed to chronic-disease deaths.39.Until recently the main killers in Asia and the Pacific have beenA.economic gains.B.lost productivity.C.chronic diseases.D.infectious and parasitic diseases.40.Which is NOT mentioned as a way to prevent chronic-disease deaths？A.Timely medical treatment.B.Healthy eating.C.More physical activity.D.Reduction in drinking and smoking.答案：36.C37.D38.C39.D40.A。
2016年职称英语卫生类A级阅读理解练习题及答案（2）
The Best Way to Reduce Your WeightYou hear this：“No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat.”You feel sad：“I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do?”Basically you can do nothing.Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that，“80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese，as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight.”How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting?Well，dieting can be effective，but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch，a research physician at Rockefeller University，did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day1.After more than 10 weeks，the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital，they all regained.The results were surprising：by metabolic measurement，fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet2.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn’t result in normal weight，but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people. Thin people，however，suffer from the opposite：They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan Sims，of the University of Vermont，got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight.In four to six months，they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent.But months after the study ended，they were back to normal weight and stayed there.This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true-each person has a comfortable weightrange3.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult.The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.词汇：skip/skIp/v.跳过 obese/Eu5bi:s/adi.肥胖的metabolic/metE5bClIk/adj.新陈代谢的 psychiatric/7saIkI5Atrik/adj.精神病的abnormal/Ab5nC:ml/adj.异常的注释：1. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.他们被给予⼀种流⾷配⽅，每天提供600热卡。
2016年职称英语卫生A级阅读理解练习题（3）
Declining Interest in Developing Foreign Language SkillsAustralians' foreign language skills are declining,Voice of America has reported.New figures show that only 13 percent of high school graduates can speak a foreign language.But four decades ago,40 percent had foreign language skills.Professor Elise Tipton,from the University of Sydney,says increasingly students do not feel the need to learn another language to boost their career.She believes that Australia's economic boom,which is driven by red-hot demand for its minerals,is helping mask serious deficiencies(缺陷)in its language skillsAustralia does business very successfully in English with most of its trading partners.But as the world's economic power shifts to emerging regions such as Asia,its language gap could soon be exposed.According to the new figures,less than 6.5 percent of high school graduates are proficient in an Asian language.Academics worry that this means Australia will increasingly be isolated from its economically important Asian neighbors.Dilip Dutta,from the economics and business faculty at Sydney University,says language skills can enhance trading opportunities.If Australians want to trade with Asian countries,it is very important for them to learn the language that will help them to get closer to the culture.But students have different opinions about Asian language learning.Pippa McCowage,a 22-year-old Australian student,says many young Australians have a half-hearted approach to foreign languages,and the language curriculum is often weak."While we're encouraged in high school to learn another language,it's not really apparent to me as a realistic expectation that you will have to speak it,"said McCowage."For example,I learned Japanese in high school.When I went on an exchange in Year 10,I found that the Japanese students of my age had a much greater proficiency in English than I did in Japanese.So in that sense,it almost discourages you."At present,about 70 percent of Australia's major exports go to Asia and the Australian government has been keen on developing closer economic and diplomatic ties with Asia.Academics say that,as Asia becomes one of the world's economic powerhouses(经济体),Australia needs to improve its language skills if it is to take full advantage of the business opportunities on its doorstep.1 What percentage of high school graduates were proficient in foreign languages forty years ago?A.70 percent.B.13 percent,C.40 percentD.6.5 percent.2.What can be inferred from paragraph 2?A.Australia has rich deposits of minerals.B.Australia is essentially a self-sufficient country.C.Australia has no intention to trade with Asian countries.D.Australian students are not required to learn a foreign language.3.What does Dilip Dutta think language skills can do?A.Improve your relation with your partner.B.Help settle international conflicts.C.Remove barriers in negotiations.D.Increase trading opportunities4.Why has the Australian government been keenly interested ,n strengthening ties with Asia?A.Because Asia is where Australia is located.B.Because Asia is where Australia's major exports go.C.Because Asia is where Australians go and spend their holidays.D.Because Asia is where Australia can play a big role in international affairs5.The word "faculty' in paragraph 3 could be best replaced byA.office.B.building.C.university.D.department.答案：CADBD。
2016年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解精选试题
Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a BoostEating potatoes is not only good for bowel health, but also for the whole immune system, especially when they come in the form of a potato salad or eaten cold. In a study on an animal model, researchers in Spain found that pigs fed large quantities of raw potato starch （RPS）1 not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes and lymphocytes in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease, generally when the body is challenged.The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body.2 The reduction in leucocyte levels was about 15 percent. Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative of reduced levels of inflammation, but the observed reduction in both lymphocyte density and lymphocyte apoptosis is surprising.In what was the longest study of its kind, pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to find out the effect of starch on bowel health.“The use of raw potato starch in this experiment is designed to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch”, said study leader Jose Francisco Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona,3 Spain.Humans do not eat raw potatoes, but they do eat a lot of foods that contain resistant starch, such as cold boiled potatoes, legumes, grains, green bananas, pasta and cereals. About 10 percent of the starch eaten by human is resistant starch -starch that is not digested in the small intestine and so is shunted into the large intestine where it ferments. Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect on irritable bowel syndrome （IBS）。
卫生类职称英语试题及答案
卫生类职称英语试题及答案2017年卫生类职称英语试题及答案职称英语考试根据专业技术人员使用英语的实际情况，把考试的重点放在了阅读理解上面。
因为2017年职称英语考试还没开始，所以店铺为大家准备了2016年卫生类的'职称英语试题，希望能帮到大家! 2016年职称英语《卫生A》真题阅读理解Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化)The Sahel zone lies between the Sahara desert and the fertile savannahs(热带大草原)of northern Nigeria and South Sudan. The word sahel comes from Arabic and means marginal or transitional, and this is a good description of these semi-arid(半干旱)lands, which occupy much of the Western African countries of Mali, Mauritania, Niger, and Chad.Unfortunately, over the last century the Sahara desert has steadily crept southwards eating into once productive Sahellands. United Nations surveys show that over 70 percent of the dry land in agriculture use in Africa has deteriorated over the last 30 years. Droughts have become more severe, the most recent lasting over twenty years in parts of the Sahel region. The same process of desertification is taking place across southern Africa as the Kalahari desert advances into Botswana and parts of South Africa.One of the major causes of this desert advance is poor agricultural land use, driven by the pressures of increasing population. Overgrazing-keeping too many farm animals on the land-means that grasses and other plants cannot recover, and scarce water supplies are exhausted. Over cultivation-trying to grow too many crops on poor land-results in the soil becoming even less fertile and drier, and beginning to break up. Soilerosion(侵蚀)follows, and the land turns into desert.Another cause of desertification is loss of tree cover. Trees are cut down for use as fuel and to clear land for agricultural use. Tree roots help to bind the soil together, to conserve moisture, and to provide a habitat for other plants and animals. When trees are cut down, the soil begins to dry and loosen, wind and rain erosion increase, other plant species die, and eventually the fertile top soil may be almost entirely lost, leaving only bare rock and dust.The effects of loss of topsoil and increased drought are irreversible. They are, however, preventable. Careful conservation of tree cover and sustainable agricultural land use have been shown to halt deterioration of soils and lessen the effects of shortage of rainfall. One project in Kita in south-west Mali funded by UNDP has involved local communities in sustainable management off or rest, while at the same time providing a viable(有活力的)agricultural economy. This may be a model for similar projects in other West African countries.36.【题干】The Sahel zone is an area which _____.【选项】A.is covered with sad and grassB.has a long historyC.occupies much of South NigeriaD.belongs to Sudan【答案】A【解析】37. 【题干】What is the situation about the desertification in Africa?【选项】A.The deserts are replaced with grasslandsB.The deserts are expandingC.the deserts are moving northwardsD.the deserts are being deserted【答案】B【解析】38. 【题干】The word "deteriorated" in paragraph2 means _____.【选项】A.deepenedB.sufferedC.slippedD.worsened【答案】D【解析】39. 【题干】What is the root cause of desertification?【选项】A.poor farmingB.overpopulationC.radical climate changeD.disappearance of rare plant species【答案】A【解析】40. 【题干】In order to prevent desertification, the author proposes _____.【选项】A.making good use of international aidsB.developing a sustainable agricultural economyC.gaining international supportD.converting agricultural land into forest【答案】B概括大意Sleep Well to Be Well1.Do you often feel tired in the morning even though you've been in bed for seven or eight hours the night before? Like many people, you are not sleeping as much as you think you are. In other words, your sleep efficiency is not that good.2.Sleep experts define "sleep efficiency" as the percentage of time lying down that you are actually sleeping. According to explanatory journalism website , the science of sleep efficiency is still young. There is no specific number for efficiency that's been proven as linked to poor health. However, according to a New York Times report about sleep quality, some experts estimate a rough ballpark(范围)of 85 percent or above as a decent place to be.3.Short wavelength blue light, emitted(放出)by the sun and by the screens of computers, iPads and smart phones, stops production of the sleep-inducing hormone melation(褪黑素)and makes you feel more alert. Blue light tells your brain it's daytime. Experts suggest turning off your computers and smart phones one hour or at least 30 minutes before bed.4.Go to bed and wake up at the same time, or relatively the same time, every day. Avoid binge sleeping(狂睡)on the weekend. Consistency is key to a good night's sleep, especially when it comes to waking up. When you have a consistent wake-up time, your brain acclimates to this and moves through the sleep cycle in preparation for you to feel rested and alert at your wake-up time.5.One of the biggest peaks in melation production happens during the 1 to 3 pm time frame, which explains why most people feel sleepy in the afternoon. If you aren't getting enough sleep atnight, you've likely going to feel an overwhelming desire to sleep in the afternoon. When this happens, you're better off taking a short nap (less than 30 minutes) than resorting to caffeine or strong tea to keep you awake. A short nap will give you the rest you need to get through the rest of the afternoon, and you'll sleep much better in the evening than if you drink caffeine or take a long afternoon nap.23.【题干】Paragraph 2_____【选项】A.Define the sleep related termsB.Take napsC.Turnoff the devices emitting blue lightD.Keep a consistent sleep scheduleE.Improve sleep qualityF.Avoid blue light at night【答案】A【解析】24.【题干】Paragraph 3_____【选项】A.Define the sleep related termsB.Take napsC.Turnoff the devices emitting blue lightD.Keep a consistent sleep scheduleE.Improve sleep qualityF.Avoid blue light at night【答案】C【解析】25.【题干】Paragraph 4_____【选项】A.Define the sleep related termsB.Take napsC.Turnoff the devices emitting blue lightD.Keep a consistent sleep scheduleE.Improve sleep qualityF.Avoid blue light at night【答案】D【解析】26.【题干】Paragraph 5_____【选项】A.Define the sleep related termsB.Take napsC.Turnoff the devices emitting blue lightD.Keep a consistent sleep scheduleE.Improve sleep qualityF.Avoid blue light at night【答案】B【解析】下载文档。
职称英语卫生类a级全真试卷带答案
职称英语卫生类a级全真试卷带答案2016职称英语卫生类a级全真试卷（带答案）第一部分词汇选项下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的.选项。
1、Have you talked to her lately?stlyB.finallyC.shortlyD.recently2、While we don't agree, we continue to be friends.A.BecauseB.WhereC.AlthoughD.Whatever3、Jack is a diligent student.A.hardworkingB.ambitiouszyD.slow4、Mary said mildly, that she was just curious.A.gentlyB.shylyC.weaklyD.wildly5、The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.A.secretsB.detailsC.benefitsD.words6、I'm content with the way the campaign has gone.A.tiedB.satisfiedC.filledD.concerned7、This table is strong and durable.A.long-lastingB.extensiveC.far reachingD.eternal8、He endured agonies before he finally expired.A.firedB.resignedC.diedD.retreated9、The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror.A.staringughingC.shoutingD.smiling10、For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate.A.reallyB.basicallyC.fundamentallypletely11、Mary has blended the ingredients.A.mixedB.madeC.cookedD.eaten12、They agreed to modify their policy.A.clarifyB.changeC.defineD.develop13、The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.A.playB.sendC.showD.tell14、It is difficult to comprehend, but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard .or felt is merely your brain's interpretation of incoming stimuli.A.explanationB.evaluationC.recognitionD.interruption15、The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.A.take outB.repairC.push inD.dig参考答案：1-15 DCAAB BACAD ABCAA第2部分阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2016年职称英语卫生类A级教材完形填空打印版
In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to some newly independent countries haveunderstandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East,In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, 23 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.移民工人在过去的20年，工人从一个国家到另一个国家的趋势越来越大。
一些刚刚独立的国家把大部分工作留给当地人，这一点是可以理解的，而另一些却吸引和欢迎移民工人。
中东地区的情况尤为如此。
那里增加的石油收入使很多国家能够召集外面的人来改进本地设施。
因此中东吸引了来自美国和欧洲的石油工人。
它还从包括韩国和日本的许多国家引入了建筑工人和技师。
由于中东地区艰苦的生活和工作条件，吸引合适的工人的费用是很高的，这不足为奇。
许多工程师和技师在中东至少可以挣到他们在自己国家两倍的收入，这是最大的吸引力。
一个相关的好处是这里的税收低，或者根本就不收税。
这增加了来访工人的净收入，而且很受他们欢迎。
有时一个劣势就有一个补偿的优势。
例如，艰苦的生活条件常常导致更深的友谊，因为工人们为了安全和舒适必须互相依赖。
小度写范文2016年职称英语卫生类A级真题_2018年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案(1)模板
2016年职称英语卫生类A级真题_2018年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案（1）职称英语网权威发布2016年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案（1），更多2016年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案（1）相关信息请访问职称英语考试网。
Common-cold SenseYou can”t beat it,but you don”t have to join it.”Maybe it got the name “common cold” because it”s more commo n in winter.The fact is,though,being cold doesn”t have anything to do with getting one 3.Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses,and,at least SO far,medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one.Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults,because they have more colds than adults — an average of about eight per year.Why do kids seem SO much more easily to get colds than their parents?Simple.They haven”t had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses.There are more than 1 50 different cold viruses,and you never have the same one twice.Beinginfected by one makes you immune to it —but only it.Colds are usually spread by direct contact,not sneezing or coughing.From another pe rson”s hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route.。
2016年全国职称英语等级考试卫生类A级真题及详解【圣才出品】
2016年全国职称英语等级考试卫生类A级真题及详解第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. She is an artist whose work will undoubtedly withstand the test of time.A. gradeB. attractC. bearD. suffer【答案】C【解析】句意：她是位艺术家，毫无疑问，她的作品将经受得住时间的考验。
withstand抵挡，禁得起。
bear忍受。
两者意思相近，可相互替换。
grade评分；分等级。
attract吸引。
suffer遭罪，受苦。
因此，本题正确答案为C。
2. He wore a shabby thin overcoat in the cold winter so that he fell ill.A. bigB. newC. smallD. old【答案】D【解析】句意：寒冷的冬天里他穿着一件又旧又破的外套，导致他生病了。
shabby破旧的，故老的。
old老的，旧的。
两者意思相近，可相互替换。
big巨大的。
new新的。
small 小的。
因此，本题正确答案为D。
3. They have built canals to irrigate the desert.A. waterB. decorateC. changeD. visit【答案】A【解析】句意：他们已经修建了可以灌溉荒漠的运河。
irrigate灌溉，与water灌溉，浇水。
两者意思相近，可相互替换。
decorate装饰。
change改变，变化。
visit参观，访问。
因此，本题正确答案为A。
4. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. changeableB. stableC. suitableD. adaptable【答案】A【解析】句意：我们很担心这个充满未知的动荡局势。
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【2018年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题11】
2016年职称英语卫生类A级真题
职称英语网权威发布2016年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题11，更多2016年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题11相关信息请访问职称英语考试网。
Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10–percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.“I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,” lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1 in Atlanta, said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group.2 By contrast3, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10–year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk4, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add.注释：1.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:疾病防控中心2.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group.实验对象年龄越大,在最高风险组中所占的比例也越大;男人进入该组的可能性亦大于女人。
3.by contrast:对比之下4.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10–year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk...: 尽管报告提示大多数成年人十年内患心脏病的风险较低,但是在有风险者中,很大一部分所面临的风险却是很高的或是刻不容缓的……练习：1.The 10–year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned2.Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10–year risk of heart disease.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned3.More than 100 thousand people participated in the survey.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned4.There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned5.The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned6.Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned7.The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案与题解：1.A文章第一段提到,美国80%以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于10%，而文章第六段进而表明该数字是低的。
2.B文章第四段提到,未来十年内,美国成年人患心脏病的风险高于10%的可分为两类,一类是10%至20%之间的占15%，另一类是20%以上的占3%。
3.B文章第三段提到,有13,769人参加了此次调查,即有一万多人参加了此次调查,而“more than 100 thousand people”表示的是“十万多人”。
4.C文章第五段提到,男人进入最高风险组的概率大于女人,但并没有表明参加此次调
查的男性多于女性。
5.B文章第五段提到,种族对患病风险的分布影响很小。
6.A文章第五段提到,年龄越大,进入最高风险组的比例也就越大。
7.C文章第七段提到,研究人员说,只有采取积极的治疗措施和公共卫生政策才能降低所有人群患病的风险概率,但并没有提及美国政府是否会这样做。