一般过去时、现在完成时与一般现在时的区别
六种现在时态和过去时态的区别和运用(一般现在时

Unit 1-Unit 6 的重、难点1. 六种现在时态和过去时态的区别和运用(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时)2. 一般过去时被动语态3. 定语从句谈论将来的方法Unit 1-Unit 6的六种时态都是复习内容。
时态的运用要清楚每种时态在什么情况下使用,它们的构成以及它们的肯定形式、否定形式和疑问句形式。
时态的区别和运用,比较容易混淆的是:一般过去时和现在完成时。
一般过去时常用于这个时态用来表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
它既可以指某次具体的动作,也可以指重复性的动作, 常与表示过去特定时间的状语连用。
例如:When I was a little girl, my brothers and I collected stamps for many years.而现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果,着眼点在现在。
现在完成时常与不确定的过去时间状语连用,如:just, before, once等,也同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如:now, today, this morning, this month, this year等。
但不能同特定的过去时间状语连用,如:in 1933, last year等。
或表示一个从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在,并可能延续下去的动作。
常同表示一段时间的状语连用,如:so far, since, for a long time, for the last few years等。
我们来看一个例子:She has lost her wallet. (可能现在没钱花了。
)He has worked here for over twenty years.所以在使用这两种时态时,要特别注意与他们搭配的时间状语。
同时这两种时态的使用也涉及到动词的过去式和过去分词的正确运用。
一般过去时的被动语态也是前六单元的一个重点。
新概念第一册时态总结

新概念英语第一册语法总结——时态时态:一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时,一般过去时/ 现在完成时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时1. 一般现在时:表示一般性,常常性的动作或一般性事实。
* 含有be动词的句子(He is a teacher.; The girl is very beautiful. ;Tim and Jack are students.)★变疑问句将be动词移到句首(Is he a teacher?; Is the girl very beautiful?; Are Tim and Jack students?)★变否认句在be动词后面加not (He is not a teacher.;The girl is not very thin.;Tim and Jack are not students.)★肯定答复及否认答复(Yes he is. No he is not.Yes she is. No she is not.Yes they are. No they are not.)* 不含be有动词的句子,即含有一般动词的句子第三人称单数及单数名词(He likes books.;She likes him. ;The dog likes bones.)★变疑问句在句首加does 动词变为原型(Does he like books?Does she like him?Does the dog like bones?)★变否认句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t 动词变为原型(He doesn’t like books. She doesn’t like him. The dog doesn’t like bones.)★肯定答复及否认答复Yes he does. No he doesn’t. Yes she does. No she doesn’t. Yes it does. No it doesn’t.〔注意:第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S,不要和名词复数混淆〕其他人称及复数茗词I want to have a bath.We have some meat.The students like smart teachers.★变疑问句在句首加doDo you want to have a bath? Do we have any meat? Do the students like smart teachers?★变否认句在主语和动词之间加don’t.You don’t want to have a bath. We don’t have any meat. The students don’t like smart teachers.★肯定答复及否认答复Yes I do. No I don’t. Yes we do. No we don’t. Yes they do. No they don’t.2. 现在进行时,表示现在正在进行的动作。
一般过去时现在完成时与一般现在时的区别

(二)一般过去时态、现在完成时和 一般现在时的区别
1)现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联 系,主要说明的是现在的情况和状态;而一般 过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间,与现 在不发生联系。一般现在时表示经常性,习惯 性的动作或存在的状态.与过去没有关系。 例如:We haven't seen him since last year. 我们自从
He has worked in this factory since 1996.
I have known him since he was a child. 7)so far,in the last / past ……与现在完成时连用。 例如 :
So far,many countries have sent up satellites into space. In the last 30 years, our lives have changed a lot.
He has lived here since he was born. 自他出生 以来一直居住在这儿。(since 自从…以来, 与现在有关,说明他还居住在这儿。)
Liu Mei went to see her grandmother last night . 刘 梅昨晚去看了他外婆。(只说明昨晚)
• 例如:We are good friends(现在情况)
•
我们是好朋友。
• I got to know him in 2005. (过去的动作)
•ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
我在2005年认识(结识)他
• We have known each other since 2005. (现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系 起来并着眼于现在)
初中英语语法:各个时态的标志和时态间的区别

英语中各个时态的标志和时态间的区别一)一般现在时。
(do/does, am/is/are, 情态动词)a. 一般现在时表示的是客观事实或平时反复做的事情通常有频率副词always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,once a week,every day等。
如:The earth goes around the sun.Japan lies east of China.He is never late for school.He often gets up at six every day.Cats can climb trees.I hear they have moved into a new house.He writes to his father once a year.b.一般现在时还可以表示、安排好的,或即将发生的事,通常使用瞬间动词come,start,begin,return,leave等。
如:My plane leaves at 6:00 a.m..Is there any meeting today?The game starts at 8:00.(二)现在进行时。
(am/is/are doing)a.现在进行时表示现在或最近正在做的事情,后面一般接延续性的动词,都表示动作没有进行完。
如:Look! The boy is dancing.He is watching a football game.What are you doing now?They are preparing for the exam recently.b.还常与always,usually,constantly,forever,continually等词连用表示一种语气,“总是,老是…”,如:He is always working late.Why are you always making this kind of mistake?He is continually getting into trouble with the police.c.后面接暂转动词时表示正在反复的动作,或表示将来时(一般只有go, come, leave 和have)如:The monkeys are jumping.They are hitting the tree.表将来:We are going swimming this afternoon.They are leaving here.They are having an English class tomorrow.试比较:He is doing his homework until his parents come to take him home.He will do his homework until his parents come to take him home.注:表示知觉、感觉、看法、认识、情感或愿望的动词和大部分暂转动词不能用现在进行时。
一般过去时、现在完成时与一般现在时的区别 (1)

(二)一般过去时态、现在完成时和 一般现在时的区别
1)现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联 系,主要说明的是现在的情况和状态;而一般 过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间,与现 在不发生联系。一般现在时表示经常性,习惯 性的动作或存在的状态.与过去没有关系。 例如: We haven't seen him since last year. 我们自从
• 例如:We are good friends(现在情况)
•
•
我们是好朋友。
我在2005年认识(结识)他
• I got to know him in 2005. (过去的动作) • We have known each other since 2005. (现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系 起来并着眼于现在) • 自从2005年来我们就相互认识。
延 续 性 动 词 和 瞬 间 性 动 词 之 间 的 转 化 (keys)
• for和since的运用 since表“自从…… 以来”。
• • • • • • • • 1)since+时间点 He has stayed here since 5 o’clock. 2)since+ 时间段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago. 3)since+ 从句 She has taught English since he came here.
He has lived here since he was born. 自他出生 以来一直居住在这儿。(since 自从…以来, 与现在有关,说明他还居住在这儿。) Liu Mei went to see her grandmother last night . 刘 梅昨晚去看了他外婆。(只说明昨晚)
一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时及现在进行时

动词时态一(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时及现在进行时)【用法讲解】考试要求:英语的动词的时态共有十六种,但是中考常考的主要有八种,一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去将来时,过去完成时等时态的构成和用法。
本节先讲述一下一般现在时,一般过去时、一般将来时和现在进行时。
1. 一般现在时一般现在时的构成:一般现在时主要用动词原形表示,如果主语是第三人称单数,一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。
例如:I have breakfast at 7 every morning. 我每天早晨7点吃早餐。
He goes swimming on Sundays. 每周日他都去游泳。
一般现在时的用法:(1)表示经常发生的动作或者经常存在的状态。
经常和表示时间的状语often,always,usually,sometimes,every day等连用。
例如:My sister usually goes to school on foot.我姐姐经常步行去上学。
We often come to school at six in the morning.我们经常在早上六点到学校。
(2)表示某种习惯或者能力,也可以表示职业、特征等。
例如:My mother often gets up very early in the morning.我的妈妈经常在早上起床很早。
This kind of car runs very fast.这种小汽车跑得非常快。
(3)表示客观事实、客观规律或者客观真理。
例如:This kind of trees never grows in the desert.这种树从来不在沙漠里生长。
Do you know that knowledge is power?你知道知识就是力量吗?(4)在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中,表示将来的动作。
例如:They’ll be so happy when I tell them.我告诉他们时,他们会很高兴的。
时态的基本用法和区别

时态的基本用法和区别时态是语言中非常重要的概念,它用来表示动作或状态发生的时间。
在英语中,时态分为简单时态、进行时态、完成时态以及完成进行时态。
每种时态都有其特定的用法和区别。
本文将对这些时态进行详细介绍。
一、简单时态:简单时态用于表达经常发生的动作、客观事实、习惯、常规和真理等。
下面分别介绍简单时态的三个形式及其用法和区别。
1.一般现在时:一般现在时用于表达经常性的行为、客观事实以及普遍真理。
它的基本结构是主语+动词原形。
例如:- I eat breakfast every morning.(我每天早上吃早餐。
)- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.(水在100摄氏度沸腾。
)2.一般过去时:一般过去时用于过去发生的动作或状态,它的基本结构是主语+动词的过去式。
例如:- She studied English last night.(她昨晚学习了英语。
)- We lived in London for three years.(我们在伦敦住了三年。
)3.一般将来时:一般将来时用于表示将来要发生的动作或状态,它的基本结构是主语+will/shall+动词原形。
例如:- They will visit their grandparents next month.(他们下个月会去看望他们的祖父母。
)- I shall finish my homework before dinner.(我要在晚餐前完成我的作业。
)二、进行时态:进行时态用于表达正在进行的动作,它强调动作的持续性和暂时性。
下面介绍进行时态的三个形式及其用法和区别。
1.现在进行时:现在进行时用于表示现在正在进行的动作,它的基本结构是主语+am/is/are+动词的ing形式。
例如:- He is reading a book now.(他现在正在读一本书。
)- They are playing soccer in the park.(他们在公园里踢足球。
英文最基本的五个时态

英⽂最常⽤的时态有五个:⼀般现在时;现在进⾏时;⼀般过去时;⼀般将来时和现在完成时。
⼀、⼀般现在时:⽤动词原型表⽰,但单数第三⼈称后要加-s,在词尾加-s时要注意:1. ⼀般情况:加-s 例:reads,writes,says 2. 以s,x,ch,sh收尾的词加-es 例:teaches,washes,guesses 3. 以辅⾳字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-es 例:try—tries,carry—carries.这个时态的疑问句⼀般以句⾸加助动词do,does 构成。
句中动词要⽤原型动词be提前:do you know it? are you students? does she have a pen?1.⼀般现在时表⽰经常性或习惯性的动作:we always care for each other and help each other. they cycle to work every day.2.现在的特征或状态:he loves sports. do you sing?a little. i major in english.3. 遍真理:light travels faster than sound. two and four makes six. the moon moves round the earth.有些表⽰状态和感觉的动词常常可⽤于⼀般现在时:be,love,like,hate,want,hope,need,prefer,wish,know,understand,remember,believe,recognize,guess,suppose,mean,belong,think(以为),feel,envy,doubt,remain,consist,contain,seem,look(看起来),see,fit,suit,owe,own,hear,find,suggest,propose,allow,show(说明),prove,mind(在意),have(有),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),matter,require,possess,desire等等。
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join the League-----be in the League / be a league member
1. He died 10 years ago. --- He ____ ____ ____ for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. --- He ____ ____ the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ---He ____ ____ the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. --- He ____ ____ here since three days ago. 5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. --- The light ____ ____ ____ for 2 hours. 6. He left here 2 years ago. --- He ____ ____ ____ from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. --- The film ____ ____ ____ for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago. --- The door ____ ____ ____ for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. --- The door ____ ____ ____ for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. --- He ____ ____ a ____ for a year. --- He ____ ____ ____ the army for a year. --- It ____ a year ____ he joined the army.
例如:
He came here yeபைடு நூலகம்terday.
• 现在完成时表示过去的动作(或状态)对现在 产生的影响和结果.常与ever, never,
before , twice, already ,just, yet, so far, since, for , up to now, in past years 等, 皆不确定或模糊的时间状语连用。
去年以来一直未见到他(现在还未见到) We didn't see him last year. 我们去年没见到 他.(现在不一定未见到) I often see him.(现在经常见到)
2)现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到 现在(包括现在)的某个动作或状态,与现 在有关的时间状语连用,一般过去时表示过 去某一特定(与现在无关)的时间,与具体 的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如:
(二)一般过去时态、现在完成时和 一般现在时的区别
1)现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联 系,主要说明的是现在的情况和状态;而一般 过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间,与现 在不发生联系。一般现在时表示经常性,习惯 性的动作或存在的状态.与过去没有关系。 例如: We haven't seen him since last year. 我们自从
come / get back—be back
go to town—be in town
catch a cold—have a cold open—be open
fall ill / asleep— be ill / asleep begin /start—be on get /receive a letter from—have a letter from B、come to —be here / there arrive in (at)/ get to / reach——be here / there join the Army-------be in the Army/ be a soldier
• 例如:We are good friends(现在情况)
•
•
我们是好朋友。
我在2005年认识(结识)他
• I got to know him in 2005. (过去的动作) • We have known each other since 2005. (现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系 起来并着眼于现在) • 自从2005年来我们就相互认识。
5)just (刚刚)与现在完成时连用,just now (刚才) 与一般过去时连用。例如:
The train has just gone. 火车刚刚离开。
The train left here just now. 火车是刚才离开。 6)since 作介词,后面跟时间名词一起作状语时,句子要用 现在完成时;since 作连词,引导状语从句时,主句用现在完 成时,从句用一般过去时。 He has worked in this factory since 1996. I have known him since he was a child. 7)so far,in the last / past ……与现在完成时连用。 例如 :
So far,many countries have sent up satellites into space. In the last 30 years, our lives have changed a lot.
(四) 现在完成时应注意的四个区别
1)延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别。
2)since 和 for 的区别。 3)have / has gone to; have / has been to; have / has been in 的区别。
• • • • •
for+ 时间段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks. 例如: for: (长达) 1. He has stayed here for 3 hours.
延 续 性 动 词 和 瞬 间 性 动 词 之 间 的 转 化 (keys)
• for和since的运用 since表“自从…… 以来”。
• • • • • • • • 1)since+时间点 He has stayed here since 5 o’clock. 2)since+ 时间段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago. 3)since+ 从句 She has taught English since he came here.
4) already和yet 的区别
(五)延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳
A、leave— been away from die—be dead finish—be over close—be closed / not open buy—have borrow—keep get up—be up turn on—be on
(三)值得注意几个问题
1)动作发生在过去,一直持续到说话的时候,并且
还在延续时,要用现在完成时。例如: We have studied English for two years. 我们学英语 两年了 2)指过去的经历,但没有表示过去的时间状 语,要用现在完成时。例如: I have been to Shanghai twice . 我曾去过上海两次. 3)句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday ,last week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。 Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 4)以When开头的特殊疑问句,要用一般过去时。例如: When did you lose your pen? 你什么时候丢了钢笔?
• 例如He has just broken his bottle.
• 一般现在时表示经常性,习惯性的动 作或存在的状态. 通常与副词sometimes,
often, usually, always, every day (year, month ), once (twice, three times) a day,等 时间状语连用。 They usually go to school by bike. I take the medicine three times a day. She helps her mother once a week. He often watches Tv. Mary likes reading interesting stories Mary’s father is a policeman. There are 50 students in my class.
He has lived here since he was born. 自他出生 以来一直居住在这儿。(since 自从…以来, 与现在有关,说明他还居住在这儿。) Liu Mei went to see her grandmother last night . 刘 梅昨晚去看了他外婆。(只说明昨晚)
现在完成时与
一般过去时 、 一般现在时 的区别
(一)一般过去时态、现在完成时态、 一般现在时的概念
一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状 态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与 yesterday、 yesterday afternoon、 the day before yesterday 、last year、in 1965、 a moment ago 、 just now 等表示过去的具体的时间状语连用。
延 续 性 动 词 和 瞬 间 性 动 词 之 间 的 转 化
1. He died 10 years ago. --- He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. --- He has kept the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ---He has had the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. --- He has been here since three days ago. 5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. --- The light has been on for 2 hours. 6. He left here 2 years ago. --- He has been away from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. --- The film has been on for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago. --- The door has been open for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. --- The door has been closed for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. --- He has been a soldier for a year. --- He has been in the army for a year. --- It is a year since he joined the army.