qufen过去完成时(详细讲解)
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)1. 过去完成时的定义和用法过去完成时（Past Perfect）是英语中用来表示在过去某个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态的时态。
它通常和过去时态（Simple Past）一起使用，用来区分先后发生的动作或事件。
2. 过去完成时的结构过去完成时的结构由 "had" + 动词的过去分词构成。
例如：- I had finished my homework before she arrived.- They had already left when we got there.3. 过去完成时的用法过去完成时主要用来表达以下几个情况：- 表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或状态。
例如：- She had already left when I called her.- They had finished their dinner before the movie started.- 用来构建时间顺序上的递进或对比关系。
例如：- He had visited many countries before he settled down in France.- I had never seen such a beautiful sunset until that day.- 用于条件句中，表示在过去某个时间之前的假设情况。
例如：- If I had known the truth, I would have acted differently.4. 过去完成时的练题请根据句意和语境，使用适当的过去完成时形式填空。
1. By the time I arrived, they __________ their dinner.2. She __________ the book before she went to bed.3. If he __________ more carefully, he wouldn't have made that mistake.4. They __________ their work before the deadline.5. We __________ all the tickets by the time you arrived.参考答案：1. had finished2. had read3. had driven 5. had sold。
一般过去时与过去完成时的区别
一般过去时与过去完成时的区别一般过去时和过去完成时都是英语中表示过去的时态，但它们在使用和表达上有着不同的区别。
本文将从不同的角度来探讨一般过去时和过去完成时的区别。
一、时间概念1. 一般过去时：一般过去时用来表示过去某个具体的动作或状态。
常常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday（昨天）、last week（上周）、in 1999（在1999年）、three days ago（三天前）等。
2. 过去完成时：过去完成时用来表示过去某个动作或状态在另一个过去的时间点之前已经完成。
通常有两个动作或状态，其中一个发生在另一个之前。
常常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：before（之前）、after（之后）、by the time（到…之时）等。
二、动词形式1. 一般过去时：一般过去时的谓语动词通常是由动词的过去式构成。
例如：play（玩）- played（玩过）；go（去）- went（去过）；study（学习）- studied（学习过）等。
2. 过去完成时：过去完成时的谓语动词通常是由助动词 had 和动词的过去分词构成。
例如：have（有）- had （曾有）；eat（吃）- eaten （吃过）；write（写）- written（写过）等。
三、用法1. 一般过去时：一般过去时用来描述过去的动作或状态，强调动作或状态的完成。
例如：I watched a movie last night.（昨晚我看了一部电影。
）He lived in Beijing for ten years.（他在北京住了十年。
）2. 过去完成时：a. 表示过去某个动作在另一个过去的时间点之前已经完成。
例如：I had finished my homework by the time he arrived.（他到达时，我已经完成了作业。
）b. 表示过去某个动作在过去某个时间点之前已经完成，但没有明确指出这个时间点。
例如：She had already left when I arrived.（我到达时她已经离开了。
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)一、过去完成时的概念过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
* We had finished our dinner when he arrived.（他来的时候我们已经吃完晚饭了。
）* When I got to the cinema, the film had started.（当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。
）二、过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成：had + 过去分词。
基本结构：主语 + had + 过去分词+ …* She had already left when I arrived.（我到的时候她已经离开了。
）* I had finished my work before he called.（他打电话之前我已经完成了我的工作。
）三、过去完成时的用法1. 表示过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。
* They had gone out before I arrived.（我到之前他们就已经离开了。
）* She had read the book before she went to bed.（她在睡觉前已经读过那本书了。
）2. 表示过去的过去，即在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
常和过去时连用。
* He said that he had visited the museum before.（他说他以前去过博物馆。
）* She had finished her homework when her mother came back.（当她妈妈回来时，她已经完成了作业。
）四、过去完成时的练题1. __________(you, finish) your homework before you went to bed last night?2. By the time we arrived, the party __________(start) .3. I __________(not, see) the movie before last night.4. Before I came to China, I __________(study) Chinese for three years.5. They __________(already, leave) when I got to the station.【答案】1. Had you finished your homework before you went to bed last night?2. By the time we arrived, the party had started.3. I had not seen the movie before last night.4. Before I came to China, I had studied Chinese for three years.5. They had already left when I got to the station.。
过去完成时知识点归纳与总结
过去完成时知识点归纳与总结过去完成时是英语中的一种时态，表示过去某一时间点或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态。
在句子中，过去完成时通常由had + 过去分词构成。
本文将对过去完成时的用法进行归纳与总结。
一、过去完成时的基本用法1. 表示在过去某一时间点或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态。
例如：By the time she arrived, I had already finished the work.（她到达时，我已经完成了工作。
）2. 表示过去某一时间点之前的持续或延续的动作或状态。
例如：He had lived in Paris for five years before he moved to London.（他在搬到伦敦之前在巴黎生活了五年。
）二、过去完成时的用法细节1. 过去完成时常与表示过去某一时间点的时间状语连用，如by the time, before, already, just, etc.例如：She had already left when I arrived.（当我到达时，她已经离开了。
）2. 过去完成时可以用于宾语从句中，表示在主句动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态。
例如：I didn't know that she had already seen the movie.（我不知道她已经看过这部电影。
）3. 过去完成时可以用于条件句中，表示与过去某一时间点相反的假设情况。
例如：If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.（如果我知道你要来，我会准备晚餐的。
）4. 过去完成时可以用于间接引语中，表示在引述的过去时间点之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态。
例如：She told me that she had already finished her homework.（她告诉我她已经完成了作业。
过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
过去完成时与一般过去时的区别过去完成时和一般过去时是英语中常用的两种过去时态，它们在用法上有一些区别。
了解和正确掌握这两种时态的区别，对于写作和口语表达都非常重要。
本文将详细介绍过去完成时与一般过去时的区别。
一、过去完成时的构成和用法过去完成时的构成是由“had + 过去分词”来表示的，它用来表示在过去某个时间或动作之前发生的动作或状态。
过去完成时强调“过去的过去”，即一个过去时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态。
1.表示已经发生的动作：主语 + had + 过去分词例如：- She had already finished her homework before she went to bed.- They had left when we arrived at the station.2.表示已完成的状态：主语 + had + been + 过去分词例如：- By the time I got there, they had been waiting for over an hour.- He had been living in New York for five years before he moved to London.二、一般过去时的构成和用法一般过去时的构成是由动词的过去式来表示的，它用来表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
一般过去时是我们最常用的过去时态之一。
1.表示已经发生的动作：主语 + 过去式例如：- She finished her homework last night.- We visited Paris three years ago.2.表示过去的状态：主语 + be (过去式) + ...例如：- He was a doctor before he retired.- We were friends when we were in high school.三、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别过去完成时和一般过去时最主要的区别在于时间的先后顺序和强调程度。
过去完成时(详细讲解)上课讲义
former action
later action
• Audrey had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.
former action
later action
• Audrey had won an Oscar for Best Actress already when she won the Tony Awards.
former action
later action
Which happened first?
1. Millie ran back to schoolb. ecause Millie left her magazine in the classroom.
Millie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom.
基本用法:
1. 过去完成时表示在过去某时或某个动作之 前发生的动作或存在的状态或表示经历或经验.
(1) 我说自从你搬到这儿以来妈妈一直为你的懒惰 而生气.
I said mother had been angry about your laziness since we moved here.
辨别：自从你搬到这儿以来妈妈一直为你的懒惰而生气.
Mr. Green got up at 6:30 a.m.
Mrs. Green got ready for the breakfast before 6:30 a.m. Mrs. Green had got ready for the breakfast when Mr. Green got up at 6:30 a.m.
初中英语过去完成时及详细讲解
初中英语语法及过去完成时详解过去完成时是英语中一种表示过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作或情况的时态。
它由"had + 过去分词"构成。
过去完成时的用法如下：1. 表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作：①She had already finished her homework when I arrived.（我到达时，她已经完成了作业。
）这里表示在我到达之前，她已经完成了作业。
②They had left before the concert started.（音乐会开始之前，他们已经离开了。
）这里表示在音乐会开始之前，他们已经离开了。
2. 表示在过去某一时间点之前持续的动作或状态：①He had been studying English for three years before he moved to England.（在他搬去英国之前，他已经学习英语三年了。
）这里表示在他搬去英国之前，他一直在学习英语。
需要注意的是，过去完成时强调的是过去某一时间点之前的动作或情况。
因此，常与过去的时间状语连用，如before、after等，以明确指定过去的时间点。
另外，过去完成时常与过去简单时连用，用于表示两个过去的动作或情况的先后顺序。
过去完成时的动作通常发生在过去简单时的动作之前。
例如：①She had finished her homework before she went to bed.（她在睡觉前已经完成了作业。
）②They had already left when I arrived at the party.（当我到达派对时，他们已经离开了。
）总结起来，过去完成时用于表示过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作或情况，常与过去的时间状语连用，以明确指定过去的时间点。
同时，过去完成时通常与过去简单时连用，以表示两个过去的动作或情况的先后关系。
过去完成时(详细讲解)
目 录
• 过去完成时基本概念 • 过去完成时用法详解 • 过去完成时与现在完成时对比 • 过去完成时常见错误及纠正 • 过去完成时典型例句分析 • 过去完成时在写作和口语中的应用
01 过去完成时基本概念
定义与构成
定义
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间 或动作之前已经发生或完成的动 作，即“过去的过去”。
主语 + had + not + 过去分词：表示主语在过去某一时间之前尚未完成的动作，即“过去 的过去”的否定形式。
主语 + had + just/already/ever/never等 + 过去分词：这些副词与过去完成时连用，表示 不同的时间概念和语气。例如，“just”表示“刚刚”，“already”表示“已经”， “ever”表示“曾经”，“never”表示“从未”。
02 过去完成时用法详解
表示过去某一时间前已完成的动作
动作发生在过去的过去
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动 作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“ 过去的过去”。
强调动作的完成
过去完成时强调动作在过去某一时间 之前已经完成，不强调动作发生的具 体时间。
表示过去某一时间前已开始并持续到过去的动作
动作在过去某一时间前开始
过去完成时还可以在复合句中表 达“过去的过去”，即在过去某 个时间之前已经完成的动作。
在复合句中，过去完成时常用在 主句或从句中，表示一个动作在 另一个动作之前已经完成。
例如：By the time he was ten, he had learned to play the piano. 他十岁时就已经学会了弹钢 琴。
02
现在完成时的时间参照点是现在 ，表示从过去某个不确定的时间 开始一直持续到现在的动作或状 态。
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Fill in each blank with the proper word from the brackets: 1. Li Ming helped me learn how ___________(use) it. to use 2. This is only my _________(two) e-mail. second 3. I failed _________(reach) him by phone. to reach
用适当的介词填空
1. _____ At first, he was afraid.
2. I heard _______ from Tom. His father made me very happy.
by 3. Lucy told us the news _______ phone.
4. Let’s find a restaurant. I feel _______ like eating something.
III.过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去, 但侧重对现在产生 的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关. 其结构为”助动词 have/has+过去分词”; 过去完成时则是一个相对的时 态, 它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调”过去的 过去”.
如：到目前为止我已经学会了3000个单词.
I haven’t had my lunch.
Have you had your lunch? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
注意：现在完成时态的标志： 1. 与表示不定的过去时间状语连用,如：already，yet， just, before … 2. 与表示频度时间状语连用,如：never, ever, once, twice … 3. 与表示包括现在时刻在内的时间状语连用,如：up to/till now, up to the present, so far, until now, today, all day, all this year, all one's life, this morning/month/year…, 4. 与表示一段时间的状语连用,如：since…, for … 5. 与表示最近的过去的时间状语连用,如：in/for the last/past few years/weeks/days…, recently (最近), lately(最近), these days
3. 过去完成时表示在某一动作之前已经完 成的动作. 过去的时间由before, after, when引导的时间从句表示出来.
1. 我在你回来之前就已经把晚饭准备好了.
I had finished cooking dinner before you came back.
2. 当我赶到学校时, 已经开始上课了.
学习现在完成时需注意的一些问题： 1. 现在完成时态的肯定式，否定式，疑问式和简短回答： She has taught us a lot.
She hasn’t taught us a lot.
Has she taught us a lot? I have had my lunch. Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.
I have learned 3000 English words so far.
到那时我已经学会了3000个英语单词.
I had learned 3000 English words till then.
More practice had left •When I arrived there, they___________(leave) already. had started •The film______________(start),when we got to the cinema. had read •I ___________(read) the book before I started school.
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
2. 我觉得我以前见过他。
I thought that I had seen him before.
3. Tom说他借了这本书两周了。
Tom said he had kept the book for 2 weeks.
2. 当Millie到达电影院的时候, 电影已经开始了半个小时了.
The film had already been on for half an hour when Millie got to the cinema.
3. 自从他离开南京我们就一直没有见过面.
We hadn’t seen each other since he left Nanjing.
died = He ________ two years ago.
= It is two years since he died _______. =Two years ______ _______ since he died. has passed
II.过去完成时态past perfect tense
4. He said that you __________(be) happy if you heard would be from me.
5. I would love ___________(send) the message to him. to send 6. I don’t feel like _______(go) to anywhere at the moment. going 7. Can you tell me if he _________(come) tomorrow? will come 9. _______ an e-mail to him yet? Have you _______(send) sent 10. When _____ it? did you ________(send) send
6. 用于下列句型中 It/This/That）is the first time (that) …
注意：非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换 延续性动词和非延续性动词均可用于现在完成时 态，但由于非延续性动词的动作是瞬时间完成的 所以不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 英语中常见的非延 续性动词在完成时态中可改 为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语，这时可与表 示一段时间的的状语连用。
过去完成时由had +过去分词构成 ，表示过去的过去 发生的动作
构成方式: 肯定句: had+动词的过去分词 否定句: had not+ 过去分词 一般疑问句:had+ 主语+ 过去分词 肯定回答: Yes, 主语+ had.
否定回答: No, 主语+ hadn’t.
基本用法:
1. 过去完成时表示在过去某时或某个动作之
•I _______________ hadn’t realized (not realize) she wasn’t Chinese until she spoke.
选择填空 ( c )1.--- “Did you see Tom at the party?” ---“No, Mary told me that he ___ by the time I got there.” A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left ( A)2. He said that he ____ his lunch yet. A. hadn’t had B. hasn’t had C. wouldn’t have D. was having ( D)3. By the end of last year we ____ each other for ten years. A. have known B. knew C. were knowing D. had known ( c)4. I saw Li Lei yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other ______ I left Beijing. A. after B. before C. since D. until
The class had begun when I got to school.
3. 在我到家之前他已经走了.
He had left before I got home.
4.在told, said, knew, heard, thought 等 动词引导的宾语从句中，一般用过去完成 时。
1. 她说她从来没有去过巴黎。
buy
have keep
borrow
become
be
be away(from) be dead be closed be open be on
leave
die close open begin
同义句转换，每空一词
He has been dead for two years.
= He has been dead since _______two _______ years _______ _______. ago
(同义句)
He told us _______ _______. what _______ to do
2. I know how I can use a computer. (同义句)
I know _______ _______ a computer. (同义句) how _______ to use 3. At first, I didn’t know which button I should press. At first, I didn’t know ________ which ________ button _____ to _______. press