上师大综合教程4大英期末
2020-2021学年上海师范大学第四附属中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年上海师范大学第四附属中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis online course is designed to provide you with work-ready skills including responding to job advertisements，writing application letters and resumes（简历）and developing inter-view skills．What topics will it cover?● The recruitment（招聘）and selection process● The job application● Planning for the interview● Developing interview skillsWhat will you achieve?By the end of the course，you'll be able to...● Assess the recruitment and selection process from an employer's point of view● Interpret an advertisement，job description and selection criteria correctly● Model a well-written job application● Plan for a job interviewWho is the course for?While this course appeals to trainees and graduates，it also applies to job seekersin the broader community looking to increasing their confidence and success rate when applying for work．Who develops the course?Central Queensland University．It is Australia's leading regional university．Our courses are designed alongside industry andmany include hands-on learning experiences and project-based learning．Our commitment to making real-world knowledge and skills accessible to all has seen us being awarded global recognition．1. What will students learn if they take the online course?A. The way to write a resume．B. The way to put an advertisement．C. The skills of talking with others．D. The skills of improving reading．2. Who is the online course intended for?A. Trainers．B. Interviewers．C. Job seekers．D. College students．3. Which ofthe following best describes the online course?A Cheap． B. Practical． C. Long-standing． D. World-class．BOn the night of September 19, 1961, Betty Hill and her husband Barney were driving home through the White Mountains from Niagara Falls. They were travelling on anearly deserted two-lane highway when Betty noticed a steady light in the sky that was getting bigger and brighter.She thought it was a planet or a star. Barney, stimulated at her excitement, said it was probably just a wandering aeroplane. Whatever it was, it appeared to be following them.They stopped their car for a closer look. What they said happened next, changed their lives. The flying object was noiseless. It appeared to be spinning. It was as big as a jet but shaped like a pancake.So formed the tale of Betty Hill, a New Hampshire social worker who, with Barney, a postal worker, claimed to be kidnapped by aliens, who were from outer space, on a moonlit night about 60 years ago.After reluctantly going public with her experience, Hill, who died of cancer at her New Hampshire home, aged 85, became a celebrity on the UFO circuit and was known as the “first lady of UFOs”.Intriguingly, at the time of the incident, the Hills remembered nothing except that they had spied a strange object in the sky. Later, troubled by nightmares and other stress-related pains, the couple underwenthypnosis(催眠) where the full story came out with the aid of Boston psychiatrist Benjamin Simon, an expert in medical hypnosis.On their night of contact the Hills arrived homeat 5 a.m., unable to account for two lost hours. They were also confused by the odd marks on their telescopes, deep signs on the tops of Barney’s best shoes, Betty’s torn dress and strange circular markings on their car that made the needle of a compass jump wildly.After seeing them for six months, the psychiatrist concluded the Hills’ lost memory about the hours they lost on that night in 1961 “appeared to involve an amazing experience on the part of both of the Hills”. Whether the experience had been fantasy or reality, Simon could not say, but he said he was convinced they had not been lying. He guessed that it had been a kind of shared dream.Reports of aliens capturing humans and taking them aboard oddly shaped spacecraft were “comparatively rare” before 1975. After a movie, “The UFO Incident”, about the Hills came out, however, such stories increased.4. When they saw the strange object in the sky, Barney and Betty Hill ______________.A. were astonished at its strange flight and noiseB. regarded it as just a wandering car following themC. realized immediately what the danger it might causeD. showed curiosity in discovering what it really was5. The word “Intriguingly” in paragraph 6 most probably means “______________”.A. RidiculouslyB. TemporarilyC. RemarkablyD. Mysteriously6. The Hills later sought the help of a psychiatrist because ______________.A. they had lots of secrets in their lives after the strange experienceB. their lives were greatly disturbed by the unexpected experienceC. they wanted to share their unforgettable experience with the expertD. they hoped to forget completely what had happened to them7. This article was written in order to ______________.A. describe an unusual event to the readersB. convince readers of the existence of UFOsC. record how people were caught by aliensD. warn people of the dangers the UFOs causeCMy wife and I recently completed a day-long tour of the Great Wall with Jessie. In addition to being very knowledgeable about the history of theareas that we toured, she spoke excellent English and was able to answer all of our questions. Her driver was very experienced and polite, and we really enjoyed being able to have a customized tour that avoided the tourist traps and forced shopping that seem to be a part of the larger group tours.The attractions themselves were fantastic. I was a little worried that the snowy weather might impact our trip to the Great Wall, but everything went fine, and there weren’t many people out at all that day. I suggest wearing strong shoes—the Great Wall is really a hike. And in snowy or rainy days, the surfaces are pretty slippery (滑的)! Seeing this area in winter was really unique, and the snow made for great pictures. Jessie kept us entertained with stories and facts about the construction of the Wall, and always pointed out great spots for taking pictures. Even though she’s in fantastic shape, she cared about our level of fitness and often stopped to let us catch our breath.When we got back to our hotel, Jessie gave us a great recommendation for dinner and some tips for our planned stops the next day. If I find myself in Beijing in the future, I will certainly be contacting Jessie for more tour opportunities, and I’ve already recommended her to some friends who are visiting the area later in the year. Ican’t say enough about how kind and knowledgeable she was, and she really gave us a great tour experience.8. What can we infer about Jessie?A. She is a tour advisor.B. She is a tour guide.C. She is a foreign traveler.D. She is a skilled driver.9. When did the writer visit the Great Wall?A. In spring.B. In summer.C. In autumn.D. In winter.10. What did the writer think of his tour?A. Adventurous.B. Disappointing.C. Satisfactory.D. Improvable.11. What is the probable title for the text?A. A Wonderful Tour Day with JessieB. An Extraordinary Tour CompanyC. The Great Wall, an Excellent AttractionD. Jessie, a Kind and Knowledgeable GuideDIt is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process?For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth”. The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age.Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (下丘脑). The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body.Researchers at New York’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus neural (神经的) stem cells also influence how fast aging takes place in the body.What are stem cells(干细胞)? They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin cells. Stem cells can also repair damaged tissues and organs.Dongsheng Cai is a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. He and his team reported their findings in the journal Nature, Cai explained when hypothalamusfunction is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost. it eventually leads to aging.Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate, or energize, the hypothalamus laboratory mice. They did this by injecting the animals with stem cells, Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength and coordination (协调) of the animals muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals, Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer.But these results were just from studying mice in a laboratory. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in.12. In Paragraph 2 a “fountain of youth” is mentioned to ________.A. introduce the main topicB. show a hidden secret.C. describe scientists researchD. recommend a way to stay young13. Aging takes place in the body when _______.A. stem cells develop into specialized cellsB. there are important activities within the bodyC. hypothalamus neural stem cells fail to protect against agingD. the hypothalamus fails to repair damaged tissues and organs14. What do we know about the researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine from the text?A. They did experiments to see how stem cells work.B. They studied mice to find their connection with humans.C. They have found a possible way to slow the aging progress.D. They have found no changes in mice s behavior during the experiment15. What will the researchers probably do next?A. They will help some animals live longer.B. They will announce the fountain of youth doesn’t existC. They will develop products to help people live a longer life immediatelyD. They will do research to see if what they have found in mice will apply to humans.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021《大学英语》(四)期末课程考试试卷A(含答案)
2020-2021《大学英语》（四）期末课程考试试卷A适用于；考试日期：试卷所需时间：120分钟 闭卷；试卷A 总分：100分。
Part I Listening Comprehension (30 points)Section A Short Conversations ( 10 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 1. A) They are twins. B) They are classmates. C) They are friends. D) They are colleagues. 2. A) The man is planning a trip to Austin. B) The man has not been to Austin before. C) The man doesn’t like Austin.D) The man has been to Austin before.3. A) The size of the room. B) Long working hours. C) The hot weather. D) The fan in the room.4. A) The man has changed his destination. B) The man is returning his ticket.C) The man is flying to New York tomorrow morning. D) The man cant manage to go to New York as planned. 5. A) It is difficult to identify. B) It has been misplaced.C) It is missing. D) It has been borrowed by someone. 6. A) Looking for a timetable. B) Buying some furniture. C) Reserving a table. D) Window shopping.7. A) Cold and windy. B) Snow will be replaced by strong winds. C) It will get better. D) Rainy and cold. 8. A) It is no longer available.B) It has been reprinted four times.C) The store doesn’t have it now, but will have it soon. D) The information in the book is out of date. 9. A) Henry doesn’t like the color. B) Someone else painted the house. C) There was no ladder in the house.D) Henry painted the house himself.10.A) In a cotton field. B) At a railway station. C) On a farm. D) On a train. Section B Long Conversation ( 5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. At the end of the conversation, some questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. It ’s expensive. B. They are celebrating a birthday. C. It was recommended by a friend. D. They had dinner here before. 12. A. She wants to check the price.B. She wants to see if the menu is in French.C. She is in a hurry to eat.D. She spends a long time choosing her food.13. A. A year. B. Only a minute. C. A month. D. A long time.14. A. Snails are not on the menu. B. The restaurant doesn’t have any left. C. They want shrimp cocktail instead. D. They are afraid of getting sick. 15. A. French cheese and white wine. B. Seafood.C. Duck.D. Salad and French cheese. Section C Passage ( 5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear one short passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.16. A. On TV . B. On the radio C. In the newspaper. D. In a magazine 17. A. A scientific research. B. An invention.C. A visit to a scientist.D. A prize for some scientific discovery. 18. A. Unpleasant. B. Cooperative. C. Sympathetic. D. Doubtful.19. A. He refuted him. B. He went to the library. C. He went to the TV station D. He changed his major 20. A. After the age of 50. B. After the age of 30.C. Between the ages of 25 and 30.D. Between the ages of 30 and 50. Section D ( 10 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear a VOA Special English Report three times, and then fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear from the recording.院系： 班级： 姓名： 学号： 考场地点装 订 线Edmun d Phelps has been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize for Economics. Mister Phelps is a professor of economics at Columbia University in New York City. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (21)______________ Mr. Phelps for his work in macroeconomics. That is the study of large forces that affect economies at the (22)_______________ or international level.Mister Phelps (23)________________ identified the relationship between unemployment and inflation. Since the nineteen thirties, (24)______________ in many nations dealt with unemployment in the same way. They would let inflation increase to create jobs.For example, they would (25)_____________________________________. As a result, people would buy more goods. Businesses would hire workers to meet growing demand, forcing prices up. For many years, policymakers (26)________________ that reducing unemployment required higher inflation.Mister Phelps found that inflation did (27)________________ increase employment. But he discovered that, (28)________________________________, inflation hurt job creation. His ideas were (29)______________ by economic conditions in America in the nineteen seventies. That period was known for “stagflation”: having high unemployment and high inflation at the same time.Edmund Phelps also found that if employers expect low inflation in the future, they are more likely to (30) _______________ workers.Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points)Section ADirections: There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneThe predictability of our mortality rates is something that has long puzzled social scientists. After all, there is no natural reason why 2,500 people should accidentally shoot themselves each year or why 7,000 should drown or 55,000 die in their cars. No one establishes a quota for each type of death. It just happens that they follow a consistent pattern year after year.A few years ago a Canadian psychologist named Gerald Wilde became interested in this phenomenon. He noticed that mortality rates for violent and accidental deaths throughout the Western world have remained oddly static throughout the whole of the century, despite all the technological advances and increases in safety standards that have happened in that time. Wilde developed an intriguing theory calle d “risk homeostasis”. According to this theory, people instinctively live with a certain level of risk. When something is made safer, people will get around the measure in some way to reassert the original level of danger. If, for instance, they are required to wear seat belts, they will feel safer and thus will drive a little faster and a little more recklessly, thereby statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers. Other studies have shown that where an intersection is made safer, the accident rate invariably falls there but rises to a compensating level elsewhere along the same stretch of road. It appears, then, that we have an innate need for danger.In all events, it is becoming clearer and clearer to scientists that the factors influencing our lifespan are far more subtle and complex than had been previously thought. It now appears that if you wish to live a long life, it isn’t simply a matter of adhering to certain precautions… eating the right foods, not smoking, driving with care. You must also have the right attitude. Scientists at the Duke University Medical Center made a 15-year study of 500 persons’ personalities and found, somewhat to their surprise, that people with a suspicious or mistrustful nature die prematurely far more often than people with a sunny disposition. Looking on the bright side, it seems, can add years to your life span.31. What social scientists have long felt puzzled about is why________.A) the mortality rate can not be predictedB) the death toll remained stable year after yearC) a quota for each type of death has not come into beingD) people lost their lives every year for this or that reason32. In his research, Gerald Wilde finds that technological advances and increases in safety standards ________.A) have helped solve the problem of so high death rateB) have oddly accounted for mortality rates in the past centuryC) have reduced mortality rates for violent and accidental deathsD) have achieved no effect in bringing down the number of deaths33. According to the theory of “risk homeostasis”, some traffic accidents result from ________.A) our innate desire for riskB) our fast and reckless drivingC) our ignorance of seat belt benefitsD) our instinctive interest in speeding34. By saying “…statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers” ( Para.2), the author means ________.A) wearing seat belts does not have any benefits from the statistic point of viewB) deaths from wearing seat belts are the same as those from not wearing themC) deaths from other reasons counterbalance the benefits of wearing seat beltsD) wearing seat belts does not necessarily reduce deaths from traffic accidents35. Which of the following may contribute to a longer life span?A) Showing adequate trust instead of suspicion of othersB) Eating the food low in fat and driving with great careC) Cultivating an optimistic personality and never losing heartD) Looking on the bright side and developing a balanced level of riskPassage TwoLead depos its, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960’s and 70’s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation world-wide has decreased significantly.A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France.A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic snow were declining.In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasoline and thus enabled scientists to differentiate the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the North-eastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990.The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.36. The study published in the journal Nature indicates that ________.A) the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired resultsB) lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increaseC) lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expectedD) the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow37. Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US ________.A) was discouraged C) was prohibited by lawB) was enforced by law D) was introduced38. How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?A) By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.B) By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.C) By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.D) By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.39. The authors of the Ambio study have found that ________.A) forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expectedB) lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal withC) lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the USD) the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions40. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists ________.A) are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollutionB) feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasolineC) still consider lead pollution a problemD) lack sufficient means to combat lead pollutionSection B:Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the blank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Blanks 41 to 50 are based on the following passage.Have you ever heard of Jon Stewart? He is currently one of the most popular comics on television. His pessimistic view of the politics and government __41__ laughter, thought and even anger. He had a clever wit that often runs into __42__ with some government policies. His whole show is __43__ to making fun of the nonsense that occurs in politics. But, what makes his show so __44__ is his ability to tell his jokes with intelligence.“It’s not just comedy,”said one media expert. “His comments have a lot of __45__ over a very large audience in America. He has a lot of political power.”Recently Stewart was a guest on a news show about politics. The host journalist __46__ a heated debate when he __47_ about Stewart’s responsibility to the American public. Stewart argued that while the content of the script for his show may be political in nature, his primary __48__ is to entertain. The host journalist, however, emphasized the political influence of his performance. The argument ended up _49__ anger from both parties. The incident __50_ how sensitive somepeople can be to what others find funny. It also showed how important comedians have become to politics.Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence.51. We have arranged to go to the cinema on Friday, but we can be _______ and go another day.A) reliable B) probable C) feasible D) flexible52. ________ quantities of water are being used nowadays with the rapid development of industry and agriculture.A) Excessive B) Extensive C) Extreme D) Exclusive53. If you don’t like to swim, you _____ as well stay at home.A) should B) may C) can D) would54. “You try to get some sleep. I’ll _____the patient’s breakfast,” said the nurse.A) see to B) stick to C) get to D) lead to55. We are quite sure that we can ______our present difficulties and finish the task according to schedule.A) get across B) get over C) get away D) get off56. She has reached the key point ________ a change is needed.A. whichB. thatC. asD. where57. There will be those who argue that you’re really at college to learn French orphysics or ________.A. economicsB. economyC. economicD. economical58. The view form the other side of the mountain was even more__.A productiveB impressiveC positiveD decisive59. Carry the box of explosive carefully or we'll____up dead ourselves.A. putB. endC. setD. rise60. The law_____all parents to send their children to school until the age ofsixteen.A. requiresB. acquiresC. enquiresD. inquires61. _____, the problem remained unsolved.A. Having not discussedB. Having not been discussedC. Not having discussedD. Not having been discussed62. It is desired that he_____everything ready by tonight.A. will getB. would getC. will have gotD. get63. ____such a customer as Harry, he would punish him heavily.A. If he has metB. If he was to meetC. If he is meetingD. Were he to meet64. The full set of the book_____of twelve volumes.A. is consistedB. consistsC. made upD. contains65. ____ achievement, last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO have earned a low, though not failing, grade.A. In term ofB. In case ofC. As a result ofD. In face of66. These overseas students show great ______ for learning a new language.A. enthusiasmB. authorityC. conventionD. faith67. The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary ________too much work lastweek.A. take toB. take outC. take awayD. take on68. The London Marathon is a difficult race. _______, thousands of runnersparticipate every year.A. ThereforeB. FurthermoreC. AccordinglyD. Nevertheless69. He felt _________ when he found he had difficulty with most of the math problem.A. frightenedB. terrifiedC. encouragedD. frustrated70. Then Johnny reached quickly ___ the other pot, vigorously boiling on the stove.A. downB. out forC. forD. out toPart IV Translation (15 points)Translate the following sentences into English.71.他们要把计算机和普通百姓联系在一起的梦想无异于一项革命性的工程。
上师大综合教程4大英期末复习过程
大英期末
Part I. Listening Comprehension
Part II. Reading Comprehension（一课一练Unit1、3、4、5、6、7中阅读，共12篇；综合教程2套Test Yourself中阅读，共四篇）
Part III. Vocabulary and Structure（一课一练Unit1、3、4、5、6、7课后词汇练习1、2）
10. Beingyoungand impatient, they are inclined to dash into the jaws of danger where an experienced fighter mightbide his time（等待时机）.
11.The harassing budgetproblemsof the past few monthshave taken their toll（付出惨重代价）on her health.
PartⅣ. Reading in Depth（Unit1、5、6课后Cloze1+Unit4、7课后Translation2）
Part V. Writing
Part III. Vocabulary and Structure
Unit 1
1.The Labor Party’s electoral strategy, which was based on a tacticalalliance（联盟）with other minor parties, has proved successful.
12.Workers who have to work on weekends are paid twice the normal wages. Andin the case of（遇上）national holidays, they can get triple pay.
上师大综合教程4大英期末
大英期末Part I. Listening ComprehensionPart II. Reading Comprehension （—课一练Unitl、3、4、5、6、7中阅读，共12篇；综合教程2套Test Yoursel中阅读，共四篇）Part III. Vocabulary and Structure （一课一练Unit1、3、4、5、6、7课后词汇练习1、2）Part IV ・ Reading in Depth （Unit1、5、6 课后Cloze1+Unit4、7 课后Translation2）Part V. WritingPart III. Vocabulary and StructureUnit 11. The Labor Party 'electoral strategy, which was based on a tactical alliance （联盟）withother minor parties, has proved successful.2. The government troops recaptured the city from the rebels at the cost o f （以…为代价）two thousa nd casualties3. By a stroke of good luck侥幸的是）,Genelle, who had been buried in the rubble for more tha n 26 hours, came our alive.4. My brother wasn'badly hurt, but he injured his leg and had td imp （—瘸一拐地走）around for a few weeks.5. The aircraft was subjected to a test of temperatures ofi inus （零下）65 degreesand plus 120 degrees.6. Tax incentives combined with cheap labor will attract companies to the westernregions （地区）of our country away from the east coast.7. To my surprise, the opening speeches sounded more likte claration （宣布）ofwar tha n offeri ngs of peace.8. After a three-day siege （围困）by the police, the terrorists who had seized the restaura nthad to give in.9. Once we stepped off the pla ne and on to the prairie, we were greeted by a gust ofraw （阴冷的）and biting wind.10. Being young and impatie nt, they are in cli ned to dash into the jaws of dan ger where an experieneed fighter might bide his time （等待时机）_.11. The harassing budget problems of the past few monthsi ave taken their toll （付出惨重代价）on her health.12. Workers who have to work on weekends are paid twice the normal wages. And n the caseof（遇上）.national holidays, they can get triple pay.1. In the economic crisis, many factories have begun to lay off workers. Now the gover nment is faced with the problem of helpi ng create jobs for the large nu mber of un employed.2. If you let yourself get bogged dowpi n paper work, you 'l never find time to deal with the really important issues.3. Despite difficulties, the government is pressing on with its campaign to eliminate corrupti on.4. We can take no chances; if we fail in Normandy the war might drag on for years ” said the Allied comma nder- in-chief.5. The tolera nee of her poor En glish by others meant she could get by with her ofte n in correct grammar and limited vocabulary.6. Edward knew it would cost him a fortune to dine out at such an expensive restaura nt, but the n he could not afford to offend her by going to a less expe nsive one.7. As the economy shows no sig ns of picki ng up, many compa ni es have cut back on workers 'benefits and stopped investing in new projects.8. With the price of fuel skyrocketing, I really don 'know how we are going to get through the severe win ter.Unit31. The waitress was sc rude that Jane did n't tip her.2. Raci ng takes everyth ing youve got----in tellectually, emoti on ally, and physically.3. Although the structure （结构）of the building hadn' suffered, the surface isbadly damaged.4. She received an in crease in pay and it ha m ade a difference （产生影响）in her attitudetowards work.5. She appearedvery nervous one evening」asked her what was wrong, and she blurted （脱口而出）that she had fallen in love with Phil .6. I looked at Tom ' s pictures and found some of them so amusing and funny that I couldn ' the Chuckling （哧哧笑）7. Your goals have to be measurable （可测量的）so you ' ll know when you aremaking progress.8. Salespeople often try to learn about the needs of th prospective （可能成为的；预期的）buyer to make themselves more persuasive.9. We have only five mon ths to make preparations for the trip to the South Pole.10. Prof. Lee ' s eye arkled （闪耀）with enthusiasm as she talked about how hernew teachi ng method worked in her College En glish class.11. In my senior year I _took a crack at （尝试）writing a novel, but without much success.12. To reduce weight, I am now lear ning to play golf with my bus in ess partner, who plays likea professi on al.1. You have to know what is right for you and then go after it regardless of whatothers may say.2. May you look back at/on the past with as much pleasure as you look forward to the future.3. Most of the old buildings were pulled down in this area so that blocks of new apartme ntscould be put up.4. We may say he stood for freedom and justice all his life.5. In retrospect she says the most important thing is for parentsto build in some kind ofmotivati on or prospect that means someth ing to their offspri ng.6. To my mi nd, it is very importa nt to follow up your letter and resume with a phone call when you apply for a job.7. Before we set off for the camping trip, our five-year-old asked, Can the microwave behooked upto the electricity supply at the campsite, dad?8. She tried to swallow, butcouldn ' t, hthi r oat had almost closed up.Unit 41. The general ordered his troops to move quickly towards an advantageous （有禾U的）positi on.2. People would think the seven-yeaold couldn ' t even reach the peb fek lsj one（更不用说）_drive the car. Nevertheless, he made it!3. In a sense, we are witnessing （见证）the vanishing （不复存在）of nationalborders in many areas of economic activity in the world today.4. The tower built at the turn of the century became landmark （地标）of the city.5. I n a book entitled A short History of Nearly Everythi ng, Bill Brys on tries to ign ite a passi on for kno wledge in young readers.6. It seems neuroscienee is threatening to displace physics as the queen of the scie nces.7. It is only natural for the people to challenge the Establishment 当权派）‘especially whe n the econo mic outlook is gloomy.8. If anything, this movies appeals to the patriotic （爱国的）feelings of the peopleand helps to strengthen nati onal uni ty.9. Julius Caesar in this play is a man full of contradictions（矛盾）,at times strongand con fide nee, but at other times old and frail.10. The newly launched website aspires（渴望得至U ）to create a virtual community of common in terest via excha nge of views on the future of the In ternet.11. What Ann advocates just shows how divorced （分离的）from reality she has become. 12. After investigating the behavior of pendulums （钟摆）,Galileo was able to use them astime measureme nt devices in many of his experime nts.1. I ' vihought about what happened for a long time, and I ' v®ome to the con clusi on that it must have bee n an accide nt.2. Donna dared not settle herself too comfortably into her seat in case shtozed off.3. Roosevelt, like Churchill, saw the significanee of postwar civil aviation, and believed in free and ope n competiti on.4. Professor Smith was set apart from his colleagues by his radical views on gen der equality.5. We can see the effect the terrorist attack has upon us, where the first stage is shock and disbelief, and an in ability to take in the reality of what is being said.6. The black hole is a region of space with a gravitational filed so powerful that it sucks in a nything and everyth ing that comes within ran ge.7. The Gree n Party said pla ns to clean up the en vir onment were doomed uni ess the Gover nment gave an immediate crash injectio n to the departme nts resp on sible for en forceme nt.8. For sheer lack of space and resources the local drug addict ion cen ter is hav ing to turn away drug-addicts who are begging for admission.Unit 51. In a way （在某种程度上）I prefer shopping online because it is more convenient andsaves time.2. The success of mechanics in discovering reliable and useful laws of nature suggested toGalileo that all n ature is desig nei h accordance with与…一致；按照）mechanical laws.3. A vacancy空缺）exist for a sales manager at our pairs office .if yo'e interested in it, pleasesend useful an applicatio n letter and you resume at on ce.4. If you are over 18 an d in good condition 身体状况好）,it completely safe to do the job.5. Plastics can be made hard as stone, strong as stete ansparen（透明的）as glass, andlight as wood.6. Coat the shoes with polish, ther rub （摩擦）hard with a soft cloth to give a shine.7. It was probably just a spicy （有点下流的）joke to them, but it wasn 'tfunny tome at all.8. Michael "spraise for my wife opened my eyes and taught me to show gratitude for her day-to-day heroism, which I had hithert o（迄今）take n for gran ted.9. The waitress did bring us clean plates eventually, bu With a bad grace（勉强地）.10. Some scientists believe that human beings are born with arn nstinct （本能）forusing their arms and legs to stay afloat, which, however, disappears with in a few mon ths after birth.11. In order to pay the bills, Linda pawned （典当）her grandfather's gold watch insecret.12. Fish instinctively fight their way upstream against the current （水流）,and many waterbirds and animals have the ability to travel long distances.1. Allan and his girlfriend arranged to meet at the park at 1:30, but somehow hen ever turned up.2. Un less someth ing urge nt dema nds her atte nti on, Mary will stick to her study schedulethat in cludes breaks every two hours.She thi nks that tryi ng to study whe n you areovertired isn'smart.3. I happe ned to see him in Bost on and we talked about our time together in school and itreally brought back some fond memories.4. In the present financial crisis, many college graduates feel unsure how t go about look ingfor a job.5. The speaker kept on talking for about an hour, but I just didn nd what he t understawas driving at.6. Granny folded up the towels and put them away in the cupboard.7. Even when she didn'tsay anything you could see her turning things over in hermind.8. The statement took him so much aback that for a moment he was lost for words.Unit 61. To stimulate consumption, farmers now can buy household appliance设备）with government subsidy.2. Conven tio nal medici ne has concen trated mainly on the treatme nt of chronic and acute illness, and until years the role of preventive（预防性的）medicine hassuffered_comparative（相M）n eglect.3. Cost apart, you should remember that however fancy a fridge is, it does n't kill bacteria细田菌）;it only slows down the rate at which they multiply （生物）繁殖; 增长.4. The economic planners are seeking to achieve a fairer distribution （分配）ofwealth throughout society, but it's easier said tha n don e, I thi nk.th5. The town has been producing wool, cloth, and blankets since the 13 century andmuch of its prosperity （繁荣）today is still founded on those industries.6. I've heard of a company provides guidanee and help so that you can decorate your house toyour own taste.7. To prevent widespread famine, the UN report calls for a joint effort to developnew high-yieldi ng crops adapted to hotter climates and drier soils.8. Carrying large quantities of cash could be dangerous and inconvenient.Why not use acredit card?9. The Word Band decided to grant Hungary a loan of 66 mill.ion dollars tostreamline （使效率更高）its fragile financial system.10. I'll send you a fax with detailed information about the proposed project.11. It was Deng Xiaoping who pointed the way to（指向通往■.的道路）our opening up policyand fun dame ntal econo mic reforms.12. Mayor Lewes was taken aback and utterly bewildered （使困惑）by the un expectedquesti on put to him by a reporter---"Are you a liar , sir?"1. Experts say profits could halve over the next year as the other supermarket chains eat intoGateway's market share.2. Un like n ative America ns in many other parts of the cou ntry,where customs have gonethrough tremendous changes,the Eskimos in Alaska still cling to their old traditi ons.3. Those pale blue flowers stand ou#stood out like jewels aga inst the dark, bare soil.4. Mont Blanc exists,and it will go on existing until it wears away or an earthquake kno cks itover.5. It would be far better to admit the problem openly and set about tackling it.6. The usher showed us to our seats, and there was just eno ugh time for Denise to switch offher cell-ph one before the curta in went up.7. Tonight Euro Disneyland will open its doors and 15,000 adult guests from around the worldwill be turned loose for two days in the vast theme park.8. Letters have poured in congratulating her on her success in setting a new world record forthe women'5000 meters.Unit71）My mom, as moms tend to do,had divined （察觉）my state of mi nd rather shrewdly and moved over to the bed in a thoughtful kind of way.译文：正如所有妈妈那样，我妈妈很敏锐地察觉了我的思想状态，很体贴地走到我床边2）The accident damaged thei erves （神经）controlling his arm movements.译文：这场事故损害了他的控制胳膊活动的神经3）In an expression of solidarity （团结）,the workers registered their support for the new leaders and pledged loyalty to the trade union.译文：为了表示团结，工人表达了对新领导者的支持，并发誓对工会忠诚4）The Arlington Nati onal Cemetery is a sacred（神圣的）place for America ns,who come here to mourn （哀悼）those who gave their lives in the service of the nation. 译文：阿林顿国家公墓对于美国认来说是一个神圣的地方，他们来此哀悼那些为服务祖国而献出生命的人们。
《大学英语4》期末考试试卷A(附答案)
《大学英语4》课程期末考试试卷APart I Listening Comprehension （本部分满分40 分）Section A (本题满分12 分，包括6 道小题, 每小题2 分）Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two questions. Both the news report and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) The extreme weather in summer.B) The degraded farmland.C) The decreased rainfall in recent years.D) The increased number of sequoia trees.2.A) Ways to help sequoias survive.B) The oldest living things on Earth.C) How the drought is formed.D) Whether they should cut down some tree species.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) Birds and bats can’t stand the high wind speed.B) Birds and bats may fly into the turning blades.C) Wind turbines can release poisonous gas.D) Wind turbines can produce electricity.4. A) It is made of steel.B) It is made of iron.C) It is made of paperboard.D) It is made of plastic.Questions 5 to 6 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) It could work without human involvement.B) It could drive in various areas.C) It could take four people.D) It could drive for long trips.6.A) It has no gas pedals and steering wheels.B) It has no safety devices.C) It can only drive in flat areas.D) It cannot go over 130 kilometers per hour.Section B(本题满分14 分，包括7 道小题, 每小题2 分）Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear some questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Questions 7 to 10 are based on the conversation you have just heard.7. A) The election of senator for the congress.B) The election of the president for the Students’ Union.C) The election of the class monitor.D) The election of secretary for the company.8. A) Writing a speech for the man.B) Competing against the man.C) Interviewing the man.D) Helping plan the man’s campaign.9. A) Giving a speech during dinner tomorrow.B) Hanging campaign posters in the classroom.C) Outlining his accomplishments on the campus radio station.D) Coming up with a speech immediately.10. A) Write a campaign speech.B) Make campaign posters.C) Answer questions.D) Attend the English class.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. A) She has no time to study.B) She is short of money.C) She has lost her money.D) She has to lend money to her friend.12. A) $800.B) $850.C) $1000.D) $1050.13. A) Work in a bank.B) Lend some money to the woman.C) Help the woman make a budget.D) Study economics.Section C Passages（本题满分14 分，包括7 道小题, 每小题2 分）Directions:In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage OneQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Asia and Africa. B) AfricaC) America. D) Asia and Pacific.15. A) Because they need more water to promote travel industry.B) Because they didn’t have infrastructure to save water.C) Because they need more water for agriculture and industry.D) Because they are lack of fund and technique to find more water.16. A) The world calls for decrease in the number of people.B) Some organizations are saving the safe drinking water.C) A new technology of sea water purification is being studied.D) UN is carrying out a new plan of safe drinking water.Passage TwoQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) We should force ourselves to remember things.B) We should make a conscious effort of practice and exercise.C) We should never stop learning.D) We should try hard to remember things.18. A) One night the writer forgot to lock the front door.B) One night the writer forgot having locked the front door.C) The writer remembered to lock the front door.D) The writer remembered unlocking the front door.19. A) We enjoy hearing new stories about absent-mindedness of professors.B) We don’t want to know anything more about absent-mindedness of professors.C) We will never get tired of listening to new stories about absent-mindedness.D) Absent-mindedness happens not only to professors but to many other people.20. A) Forgetting things is serious and dangerous.B) Always forgetting things is understandable.C) Forgetting things at times is natural.D) Protecting yourself from memory “tricks”.Part II Vocabulary (本题满分20 分，包括10 道小题, 每小题2 分）Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Each sentence is followed by four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For each of them there is a correct answer. Choose thebest answer.21. The government has approved a new plan to _________ extreme poverty by 2020.A. controlB. relieveC. eliminateD. destroy22. People are paid twice the normal wages if they have to work on weekends, and ___________ public holidays, they get triple pay.A．in view of B. at the cost of C. thanks to D. in the case of23. From my standpoint, it is important to ___________ your interview with a phone call when you apply for a job.A. follow upB. hook upC. put upD. turn up24. Some people think their first impressions of a person are always right. From my part I think appearances, however, can be ________.A. decisiveB. deductiveC. detectiveD. deceptive25. In the globalized world, we are witnessing the __________ of national borders in many areas of economic activityA. establishingB. vanishingC. divorcingD. disappeared26. Plastic can be made hard as stone, strong as steel, _____ as glass and light as wood.A. transparentB. transformativeC. transitD. transfer27. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently ___________getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.A. equipped withB. getting bogged downC. engaged inD. taking a gamble28. The ___________ of computer technology and sensors in designing and manufacturingcars makes it possible to reduce traffic jams.A. corporationB. calculationC. declarationD. application29. Darwin had been working on his theory for over twenty years before he published the book ________ The Origin of Species.A. endorsedB. entitledC. erasedD. displayed30. Salespeople often try to learn about the needs of __________ buyers to make themselves more persuasive.A. prospectiveB. imaginativeC. prosperousD. measurablePart III Reading Comprehension (本部分满分40 分，包括20 道小题, 每小题2分）Section A (本题满分20 分，包括10 道小题, 每小题2 分）Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose thebest answer.Passage OneWhen the going gets tough, real women start coloring. They're picking up adult coloring books by the droves, at bookstores and craft stores, on and even from the Home Shopping Network.The designs appeal to every interest —from whimsical doodles(异想天开的涂鸦) to circular mandalas, nature scenes and fantasy worlds.Coloring not only evokes happy memories of childhood; the act can also foster a sense of well-being and offer a relaxing respite from our digital world. Crafters have known this intuitively for years.An accumulation of research shows that these creative activities can help you de-stress from everyday pressures. Recent studies suggest that structured, rhythmic endeavors such ascoloring, knitting（针织）, crocheting（编织）or quilting（缝被子）are particularly beneficial because they ease you into a meditative（冥想）state of mind that allows you to push away negative thoughts and worries."These activities engage your hands as well as your mind and your focus," says art therapist Lacy Mucklow, the author of several best-selling Zen-themed（以禅为主题）coloring books. "Plus, the repetitive actions release serotonin(血管收缩素), the brain transmitter responsible for relaxation."Numerous studies have looked into how crafting（手工艺）benefits mood and physical health. In a 2006 study co-sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts and several federal health agencies, researchers found that adults 65 or older who engaged in creative activities such as making jewelry, painting or writing had better overall health, made fewer visits to the doctor, used less medication and had fewer health problems than non-crafters.Stress reduction is a top reason Cathy Simocko-Smith, 59, a professional gardener（园艺工）in Bridgeport, Conn., enjoys coloring. "Coloring at night while I'm watching TV helps quiet my mind," she says. "I can really lose myself in it, and it stops me from thinking about my work and the stresses in my life."Coloring is a great way to explore your creativity — it's easy, inexpensive and you don't have to know how to draw. The 10 to 20 minutes you spend coloring an image that gives you a sense of satisfaction can have a positive ripple effect throughout your day.31. When do women want to color?A) When they have learned online shopping, they start coloring.B) When they face some difficulties, they start coloring.C) When they feel very depressed, they start coloring.D) When they get tougher, they start coloring.32. What does the word “respite” (Para. 3) possibly mean?A) A pleasant environment.B) A beautiful place.C) A good opportunity.D) A short break.33. What does Lacy Mucklow say about coloring?A) It helps your fingers and hands become more flexible.B) It can push away your negative thoughts and worries.C) It provides you with an opportunity to relax.D) It requires repetitive actions so that you need to be focused.34. Why does Cathy Simocko-Smith enjoy coloring？A) Because coloring helps her relieve pressure.B) Because coloring is good for her overall health.C) Because coloring assists her in developing creativity.D) Because coloring increases her working efficiency.35. What does this passage mainly talk about?A) Women particularly enjoy coloring.B) Coloring can be beneficial to you.C) Coloring gives you a sense of satisfaction.D) Coloring becomes a part of people’s daily life.Passage TwoThere are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization（专业化). You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists”（多面手，通才）. And these “generalists” are particularly needed for position in administra tion, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge it.The specialist（专业人才，行家）understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. H e is a “trained” man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist —and especially the administrator —deals with people; hisconcern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “educated” man; and the humanities(人文学科) are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organization needs them in different proportions（比例）. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you —but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time, you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.36. According to the passage, there is an increasing demand for ________.A) people whose job is to organize other people’s workB) all-round people in their own fieldsC) generalists whose educational background is either technical or professionalD) specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others37. A specialist is a man ________.A) whose job is to train other peopleB) who has been trained in more than one fieldC) who can see the forest than the treesD) whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters38. An administrator is ________.A) a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalistB) a man who sees the trees as well as the forestC) a man who is very strong in the humanitiesD) a man who is an “educated” specialist39. During your training period, it is important to ________.A) try hard to be a generalist who understands one fieldB) choose a profitable job which is suitable to youC) find an organization that provides you with leadershipD) decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or generalist40. A man’s first job ________.A) is never the right job for himB) should not be regarded as his final jobC) should always be the right jobD) is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final jobSection B: （本题满分20分，包括10道小题，每小题2分）Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Match the correct letterwith the statement.Why our Homes Make us HappyA) Humans add layers of significance to home and place, so homes and neighborhoods help us keep alive some of the strongest sources of what has given our lives meaning, well-being, and happiness. It’s no wonder, anthropologists (人类学家) and aging experts say, that we often say people are going home when they die. For many children, a sense of home and place is shaped by their room, and it can evoke strong memories and feelings decades after they've moved away.B) “There is pretty strong evidence that the environment in which people live is closely linked to their well-being,”says Graham Rowles, a gerontology(老年学) professor at the University of Kentucky. “It’s sort of like the human animal attachment to territory is built into our DNA.” We have a need for a place that is called home which provides security（安全感）, control and belonging, among other things. “But most of all, it’s a place that provides us with a centering—a place from which we leave each morning and to which we return each evening,” he adds.C) American culture is strongly rooted in feelings of independence, liberty, and control, says Robert Rubinstein, who teaches anthropology at the University of Maryland at Baltimore County. “We live in a society that is concerned with freedom, and part of that developmentis being able to make a space for yourself, and having a central place from which to look out at the world,” he says.D) Rick Scheidt has spent much of his professional life talking with aging residents of the vanishing small towns that dot the prairies (大草原) in Kansas and other Midwestern states. Here, sense of belonging is very powerful. Often, it is all that is left. He says, “People look at aspects of their environment in a very personal way. I might be talking to an older woman about her memories of a place, and I’d say, ‘Look at that cedar tree over there. It looks like it's been through hard times and gotten hit by lightning.’ And she’ll look at that tree and say, ‘Oh, that’s third base,’drawing on memories of when she played baseball there as a child.”E) Such memories become part of a person's life story, which often is central to their sense of well-being and assessment of whether their life has had meaning. “We can't understand anything else that people are telling us without understanding their life story,” Rubinstein says. The role of home and sense of place in a person's life story can be significant. As people age, he notes, their life story takes on added importance.F) Likewise, the meaning of a person's home is enriched with memories. Habib Chaudhury teaches classes on aging and environment at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, Canada. He identifies four areas where home takes on added meaning for older residents. “The first is the emotional attachment that is formed,” he says, and it grows over time. “It contributes to their emotional well-being, their self-esteem, and their confidence about doing things.”G) Next is familiarity with their physical surroundings. This is particularly important if a person has lost some physical and cognitive (认知的) abilities. Knowing their way around their home helps compensate, and being comfortable in their living space reduces stress and helps well-being.H) “The third factor is knowing their neighborhood and being comfortable there and with the people they know,” Chaudhury says. “Fourth is more conceptual,”he says. “It has to do with their sense of identity. The sense of attachment to a home can become so strong that it becomes part of their emotional identity,” Chaudhury says. “It can help people make up forother losses in their lives,” such as the death of a spouse, end of a career, or reduction of their circle of friends.I) Making the transition from a long-occupied family home to newer surroundings can have a big impact on people at all stages of life, but may be especially dreadful for older people. “This can be very difficult for older people who have lived in a place for 40 or 50 years,”Rubinstein says. “There is a need for many people for counseling for how to go through this process of downsizing”.J) Rowles sees signs that America’s determined pursuit of mobility has been changing the attitudes of younger generations. The recession (经济衰退) and serious slowdown in home sales has, for the time being, reduced the pace of home relocations. But the broader pattern has been of a society in which people can live anywhere and unconsciously depend on businesses and other institutions to copy a comforting sense of place all over the country. K) “We're much more mobile than past generations,”Rowles says. “There is less and less attachment to place. What are we losing as we are constantly moving around? Families are separated. There is no longer a support system in place. Some of the things about home are much more symbolic than real these days.”L) Dreams of having a home of their own are essential, of course, but people should be cautious of investing too much of themselves in their home. At the extreme, this problem shows up in headlines about people who never throw anything away and become isolated in their homes. A healthy home-life balance can be supported by annual “cuttings”of possessions and domestic items. Older homeowners should encourage grown family members to take items, especially those with sentimental value. And when it comes time to move, there is no shame in hiring a downsizing consultant to help with what can be very difficult and emotional decisions.M) It's also wise to identify how important a sense of home and place is to you, and to maintain the level of domestic life that supports your well-being. For some, traveling with a favorite pillow and even bedside knick-knacks(小玩意儿) may help reduce stress and promote a good night's sleep on the road. Other people, by contrast, could care less about where their head lands at the end of the day. Whatever your preferences are, the goal is to be at peace with your surroundings.41. Habib Chaudhury found home develops extra meaning for the elderly in four aspects.42. Americans are becoming more mobile so they don’t have such strong affection for theplace where they live.43. It’s sensible to realize the importance of home to you and to keep good family life foryour health.44. The sources of happiness and well-being can remain alive with the memories created byhome.45. It’s a difficult and even painful experience to change living environment for many people,especially the older generations.46. People are advised not to invest too much in their home even though owning a home is aprimary dream.47. One’s life story is made up of memories from childhood and plays a key role in theirfeelings of health, happiness and whether they life is meaningful.48. Robert Rubinstein says American culture endows home the meaning of freedom as well asa center for people to connect with the world.49. According to Graham Rowles, it’s evident that people’s health is related to the conditionsof the places where they live.50. The concepts of American young people are influenced by the mobility of Americansociety.答案Part I Listening Comprehension （本题满分40 分）Section A (本题满分12 分，包括6 道小题, 每小题2 分）1.C2. A3. B4. D5. A6. BSection B(本题满分14 分，包括7 道小题, 每小题2 分）7. B 8. D 9. A 10. A 11.B 12. D 13.C Section C Passages（本题满分14 分，包括7 道小题, 每小题2 分）14．B 15.C 16.C 17. B 18. A 19.D 20.CPart II Vocabulary (本题满分20 分，包括10 道小题, 每小题2 分）21.C 22.D 23.A 24.D 25.B26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30.APart III Reading Comprehension (本题满分40 分，包括20 道小题, 每小题2分）Section A (本题满分20 分，包括10 道小题, 每小题2 分）31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B36. A 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. BSection B: （本题满分20分，包括10道小题，每小题2分）41. F 42. K 43. M 44. A 45. I46. L 47. E 48. C 49. B 50. J。
2019-2020学年上海师范大学第四附属中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海师范大学第四附属中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheOxford English Dictionaryis available by subscription（订阅）to institutions and individuals. We are pleased to offer annual individualOEDsubscriptions at a reduced rate of $90 inthe US（usually $295）or $122 for the Rest of the World（usually $294）until May 31,2021.IndividualsAn individual subscription to theOEDOnline offers unlimited access to more than 1,000 years of the English language. To subscribe online and take advantage of our offer, please visit our personal subscription shop and use the promotional code OED90.Details about individualOEDsubscriptions:•Available for personal use only.•A single user name and password that must not be shared.•Users must sign in each time they wish to access the service.•Users can access the service from any computer.Love theOEDbut can't commit to a full year subscription? You can also enjoy access to theOEDonline on a monthly basis at a low rate of $29.* Monthly and annual subscriptions are available to individuals by prepaid subscription for personal use only.InstitutionsLibrarians can contact local Sales Rep for sales and pricing queries（询问）and to discuss their content development needs, or register for a free institutional trial.For more information, please contact our service team Monday-Friday, 9a.m.-5p.m..Tel: 1 800 334 4249 ext 6484Fax: 1 212 726 6476Email:********************1.How much can an annual subscriber in the U.S. save now?A.$J22.B.$172.C.$205.D.$ 295.2.Which is required for an individual subscriber?A.Paying in advance for a year."ing a fixed computer to log on.C.Changing the passwords regularly.D.Signing in each time to access the service.3.What is available only to institutional subscribers?A.A free trial.B.A low price.CA promotional code.D.7/24 customer service.BSince I was born and brought up in a rural town, I have a great interest in nature. Using the chance of studying abroad in my second year at college, I decided to go toCanadajust because I wanted to see the beautiful phenomena there So after I finished the study program, I went toYellowknifein theNorthwest Territories.I clearly remember the sixth night inYellowknife. Suddenly my host mother came to my room around 8 p.m. and told me to change clothes and go outside quickly carrying her camera.The northern lights were flickering (闪烁) in the sky! I was shocked and just stood there with my mouth open.I forgot to take pictures of the mysterious lights.Since that night, whenever it was sunny, I went outside at night and looked at the sky. It was so cold that I lost all feeling in myhands and feet.As I took pictures of the northern lights, I came to find a characteristic movement of the lights. They first appear in the north part of the sky and then they gradually come down to the south part of the sky. After that, suddenly, they come in the middle of the north and south only for a while, which is the time when the best northern lights can be seen. Since it is only a few seconds for the northern lights to come down to the middle of the sky, it is very hard to get good pictures.The stronger the sun acts, the better and stronger the northern lights flicker in the sky. That’s because they come about from the collisions (碰撞) between atmospheric gases and the solar wind. Much more solar wind comes to the earth when the sun is active, whichleads to the best northern lights. And the color1 s of the northern lights depend on the height of the collisions and the kinds of gases.4. Why did the host mother ask the author to go out?A. She wanted to take a picture of him.B. She wanted to take a walk with him.C. She wanted to tell him something important.D. She wanted him to see the northern lights.5. The author forgot to take pictures after going out because ______.A. the host mother didn’t remind him to take the cameraB. he was shocked by the wonderful sightC. the lights flickering in the sky disappeared too soonD. he lost all feeling in his hands and feet6. When is the best time to see the northern lights?A. When they appear in the north part of the sky.B. When they come down to the south part of the sky.C. When they are between the north and south.D. When they rise in the east part of the sky.7. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. Waysto take good pictures.B. The relationship between the sun and the northern lights.C.The color1 s of the northern lights.D. The time of the best northern lights.CIt was the first day of spring here but it didn't feel like it. The COVID-19 epidemic (流行病) was sweeping the globe and everywhere there were feelings of fear and loneliness. “Social Distancing” had become the new norm. Here the schools had been closed, the restaurant dining rooms had been shut, and people had been told to work from home whenever they could. Even the sheltered workshop where my oldest son worked had been closed until further notice. People had made a run on the stores and large areas of the shelves were bare. On the news the numbers of the sick and dead continued to rise. It felt like there was a weight on the souls of everyone in the world.My family were staying at home as much as possible and as I looked out of my window I wondered how long this crisis would last. It was then, however, that I saw something that lifted that weight off of my soul, made me smile, and made my heart feel happy again. On the street below my house there was an old friend of mine fromhigh school who was a teacher there. With him was my younger son's former aide from the high school as well. They were delivering the school lunches door to door to the hungry children who were stuck at home. Watching them made me think of something everyone's childhood television neighbor, Mr. Roger's once said: "In the bad times, always look for the helpers."I have no doubt that this crisis will pass as all the crisis before. But it is our choice on whether it brings out the best in us or the worst in us. Let it bring out the best in you. Use it to strengthen your faith. Use it to free yourself from fear. Use it to grow kinder, more giving, and more loving. Become a helper to all those in need and you will be a happy person today and all the days to come.8. Why didn't the author like the first day of spring?A. He had to work at home instead of at office.B. There wasn't social distance between each other.C. There was an epidemic everywhere in the world.D. His own company had been closed for a long time.9. How did people feel in the face of the epidemic?A. Disappointed.B. TenseC. Confident.D. Cheerful.10. What made the author happy?A. Seeing someone delivering lunches from door to door.B. Talking with his old friend in the street.C. Watching a childhood television at home.D. Staying together with his family.11. What do Mr. Roger's words actually mean?A. It's not necessary for us to find helpers in bad times.B. In good times we needn't do much to help others.C. We should ask more people to help us in bad times.D. We are supposed to help each other in bad times.DThe AI research arm of Alibaba created a machine learning model that received a higher score on the Stanford Question Answering Dataset than humans. The database consists of more than 100,000 questions to test reading comprehension.In early January this year the Alibaba AI software machine scored 82.44 on the test while humans scored82.304. Besides, computers and AI have already defeated humans, for example in games such as chess. However, it seemed that language skills were superior in humans as machines find languages hard to master.A large number of call center employees, often in developing countries, may be out of work soon if the AI robots are cheaper and as effective as human labor. Soon when you phone a company for information the conversation will go like this: “ We are sorry but all our robots are busy right now. We value your call. Please stay on the line until a robot is free to serve you. There are just 12 callers ahead of you.” A robot will serve you some popular tunes while you wait.Si Luo, who is a chief scientist of natural language processing at Alibaba’s AI research group noted that questions such as “What causes rain?” can now be answered with a high degree of accuracy by robots. Si Luo said, “ We believe the foundational technology can be gradually applied to a lot of applications such as customer service, museum tutorials, and online responses to inquiries from patients, freeing human efforts in a new way.”Si Luo’s team is working closely with Ali Xiaomi, a mobile customer service chatbot. Ali Xiaomi can be customized to be used on Alibaba’s platforms such as Taobao and Tmall. The new AI robots could answer consumers’ questions as they did the Stanford questions. The robots would look for the answers from prepared information. However, there are limits to what the system will be able to do. If questions do not have clear-cut answers, or the questions asked are too unclear or ungrammatical, the robot may not be able to deal with them.12. What can we learn about the Alibaba AI software machine?A. It has been tested in some areas.B. It has become popular since January.C. It has offered a special learning style.D. It has made people interested in reading.13. What does the example in paragraph 3 show about the AI robots?A. They should have better language skills.B. They may replace humans in some fields.C. They need to be customized to serve customers.D. They will be widely used in developing countries.14. How does Si Luo feel about the foundational technology?A. Doubtful.B. Worried.C. Curious.D. Confident.15. What can we infer from the lastparagraph about Ali Xiaomi?A. It needs to improve in some ways.B. It is connected with another system.C. It is a platform to show good service.D. It can answer any questions accordingly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海师范大学第四附属中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海师范大学第四附属中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADon’t know where to enjoy yourself? Here are some choices for you.Santa Cruz Mission State Historic ParkPopUp Picnics in the park return for the fourth summer in a row, taking place on Thursdays. Take a break to enjoy tacos (墨西哥玉米薄饼卷). Prices changefrom $ 2 to $ 10. Cash only.144 School Street June 13-August 15 Start at 11:30 am and end at 1:30 pmThe Crow’s NestEach summer on Thursday evenings the Crow’s Nest offers its Summer Beach Party series on the beach. The party starts at 5:30 pm each week and goes until sunset. Families are welcome, and there is no entrance fee. After the sun sets, the fun begins with dancing to the best live music of local bands.2218 East Cliff Drive May 30-August 29 Start at 5:30 pm and end at 8:30 pmBargetto WineryJoin us for a beautiful weekend of art and wine. Bargetto Winery will be hosting their yearly gathering of artists and foodies（美食家）at their amazing Soquel winery. No entrance fee. Wine tasting with purchase of $ 15 festival glass. 3535 North Main StreetJuly 20 - July 21 Start at 11:00 am and end at 5:00 pmChaminade Resort & SpaChef Page takes guests on a journey showing the area rich fruits, vegetables, and meats. Dinner begins at 6:30 pm with a five-course menu and good wines. Seating booked is not a choice, as all guests are seated at large, connecting, beautifully set tables designed to invite open conversations among guests. Ticket price: $ 90 per person. Tickets can be gotten online.Chaminade Lane July 26 Start at 6:00 pm and end at 9:00 pm1. What can we know about PopUp Picnics in the park?A. It lasts two days.B. It is held on Thursdays.C. It has been held twice.D. It can be paid in credit card.2. What can people do in the Crow’s Nest?A. Enjoy tacos.B. Talk with artists and foodies.C. Watch the sunrise on the beach.D. Watch the performance of the bands.3. Which activity can be booked on the Internet?A. The Crow's Nest.B. Bargetto Winery.C. Chaminade Resort & Spa.D. Santa Cruz Mission State Historic Park.BResearchers at CU Boulder have developed a wearable device that changes the human body into a biological battery. The device is stretchy(弹性的) enough that you can wear it like a ring, sport band or any other thing that touches your skin. It also taps into a person's natural heat-employing thermoelectric generators to change the body's internal temperature into electricity. "In the future, we want to be able to power your wearable electronics without having to include a battery," said Jianliang Xiao, an associate professor at CU Boulder.The concept may sound like something out of The Matrix film series, in which a race of robots have enslaved humansto harvest their precious organic energy. Xiao and his colleagues aren't that ambitious: Their devices can generate about 1 volt (伏特) of energy for every square centimeter of skin space-less volt per area than what most existing batteries provide but stillenough to power electronics like watches or fitness trackers.Scientists have previously experimented with similar wearable devices, but Xiao's is stretchy, can heal itself when damaged and is fully recyclable-making it a cleaner alternative to traditional electronics. "Whenever you use a battery, you're depleting(消耗) that battery and will, eventually, need to replace it," Xiao said. "The nice thing about our device is that you can wear it, and it provides you with constant power."Just pretend that you're out for a jog. As you exercise, your body heats up, and thatheat will radiate out to the cool air around you. Xiao's device captures that flow of energy rather than let it go to waste. "The thermoelectric generators are in close contact with the human body, and they can use the heat that would normally be sent into the environment," Xiao said.4. What does Xiao expect of his device at present?A. It will be used for medical purposes.B. It will be made smaller and wearable.C. It will change natural power into electricity.D. It will supply constant power to wearable devices.5. Why does the author mentionThe Matrixseries in the text?A. To give an explanation.B. To make a comparison.C. To introduce a topic.D. To analyze the cause.6. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A. The strengths of Xiao's device.B. The convenience of using a battery.C. The replacement of wearable devices.D. The development of traditional electronics.7. What do we know about Xiao's device from the text?A. It operates with plenty of power.B. It is designed for practical use.C. It benefits people's health in a way.D. It's based on traditional electronics.CUnderstanding the link between a clean environment and human life is not a new concept. In fact, it was noticed as early as ancient Rome. Today we see how green living has infiluenced our everyday lives. There is a growing community of people who embrace a zero waste lifestyle and make changes to the way they live to reduce their carbon footprint.Living a zero waste lifestyle means doing one’s best to achieve the aim of not sending anything to a landfill. People who adopt this lifestyle ultimately cut down on their waste by reducing what they need and want. They reuse what they own, sending few things to be recycled.Many people who adopt the zero waste lifestyle claim to be frustrated by the many harmful chemical substances found in beauty and cleaning products. They also find the uses of disposable items and excessive packaging. For example, how many times have we had to peel away layers of plastic wrap and cardboard before finally taking out the item which we had bought? Instead of buying pre-packed food and goods, those who identify with the zero waste philosophy tend to shop in stores that allow them to make purchases and bring their own cloth bags and glass jars to store their purchases.Many people may have the misconception that it is easier to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West. Nevertheless, Malaysian environmental journalist, Ms. Aurora Tin, has proven that a zero waste lifestyle is possible even in the Asian context. Instead of going to the supermarket to buy pre-packaged foods, Ms. Tin now visits the wet market and brings her own bags for vegetables. She has even stopped using store-bought toothpaste andmakes her own toothpaste from coconut oil and baking soda. This lifestyle may be too big a change for the average person, but we could follow her suit to make gradual changes to our own lives.8. Which of the following is a zero waste lifestyle?A. Bringing a resuable container to take away food.B. Choosing appliances that cost less money.C. Turning off a device to stop using power.D. Classifying the garbage before throwing it away.9. What may disappoint a person who adopts a zero waste lifestyle?A. Recycable carboard.B. Excessive packaging.C. Glass jars to store purchases.D. Natural substances in cleaning products.10. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. How do people live a zero waste lifestyle.B. Why Ms. Tin chooses to live a zero waste lifestyle..C. We can also practice a zero waste lifestyle in Asia.D. It is easy to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West.11. What is the best title of the passage?A. Living a zero waste lifestyle.B. Going green ismore than a fashion.C. A zero waste lifetyle is easy to achieve.D. Making environmentally-conscious decisions.DHaley Curfman, 25, of Blackwell, Oklahoma, is a teacher at Blackwell Public School and last yearshe bought a plain(朴素的) white dress, which she set up a station in her classroom for her students to decorate, encouraging them to go and draw on the dress whenever they had free time. Haley set up a station at a table with the dress and some color1 ed markers so that her students could draw on it, having first seen the idea on Pinterest.After the kids had finished the design, she then surprised them all by wearing the dress to class, sharing pictures of herself in it on Facebook in a post that has since been shared over 200, 000 times.For teachers looking to do something similar for their own students, Haley said that she bought the dress off Amazon for less than $ 20 about six months ago and pre-washed the dress before she started the project. She used markers from Walmart. But she said these things can be bought in other places. She said, “To do the project, I set up a station at a table with the dress and markers. It takes anywhere from two weeks to a month to complete as we just work on it here and there when time allows. You'd better give the students enough time so they don't have to hurry.”“Teachers have been sharing their dresses, T-shirts, etc. with me that they've been creating since the 1950swith the same idea. It is amazing, and I love the fact that you are sharing them with me! Thank you all so much for your kindness and support,” she wrote on Facebook.Asked why she came up with the idea, Haley told Scary Mommy. “We don't have art in our school, so, I always try to do little creative projects when possible.”12. What did Haley use the plain white dress to do?A. To teach her students painting.B. To prepare for her presentation.C. To ask her students to draw on it.D. To help her students with their homework.13. What do we know about the finished dress?A. It took Haley by surprise.B. It is kept by Haley at home.C. It is the product of a new idea.D. It has enjoyed popularity online.14. What should a teacher do if he or she wants to follow Haley's example?A. Buy the same dress online.B. Give the kids enough time.C. Buy the same markers in Walmart.D. Leave the finished work untouched.15. Why did Haley carry out the project?A. To teach art to her students.B. To show her idea on Pinterest.C. To share it with other teachers.D. To exciteher students' creativity.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海师范大学第四附属中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海师范大学第四附属中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOn a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets,by Patricio PronIn April 1945,Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul KalanithiAt thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.To Killa Mockingbird, by Harper LeeSet in a smallAlabamatown in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) storyby Bess KalbBess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby’s mother, who traveled alone fromBelarustoAmericato survive, and Bess’s mother, who always fought against convention.1.What type of book is the first novel?A.Sci-fi.B.Biography.C.Detective books.D.History books.2.Which book explores life and death?A.To Kill a MockingbirdB.When Breath Becomes AirC.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These StreetsD.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story3.Who is the main character in the last novel?A.Bobby Bell.B.Bess Kalb.C.Bess’s mother.D.Bobby’s mother.BThursday, two Russian submarines(潜艇) dived down 2.5 miles into the Arctic Ocean and planted a national flag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge. Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin, the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations: Russia had just laid claim(权利) to the vast oil and gas reserves contained in this underwater area.AfterRussia, theUnited States,Norway,SwedenandFinlandare all trying to gain profit. Projections show that the area of land and sea that falls within theArctic Circleis home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil, an incredible 13% of Earth’s reserves. It’s also estimated to contain almost a quarter of untapped global gas resources. But long before this oil race began, how did theArcticbecome so rich in energy?“The first thing you realize is that theArctic—unlike the Antarctic—is an ocean surrounded by continents”, Alastair Fraser, a geoscientist from Imperial College London, said. Firstly, this means there’s a huge quantity of organic material available, in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae, which form the basis of what will ultimately become oil and gas. Secondly, the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basin contains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳), which makes up about 50% of its oceanic area. That’s significant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins, into which organic matter sinks.Here, it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧) waters, meaning they contain little oxygen. “Normally, in a shallow sea with lots of oxygen, it would not be preserved. But if the sea is deep enough, the oxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,” Fraser explained. Conserved within these oxygen-free basins, the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as an energy source for millions of years in the future.4. Why didRussiaplant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?A. To tell surrounding countries its armed forces.B. To show its advanced technology of submarines.C. To show abundant natural resources in theArcticBasin.D. To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the area.5. What’s the function of the last sentence in paragraph 2?A. Making a comparison.B. Serving as a connecting link.C. Analyzing the cause and effect.D. Drawing the conclusion of the text.6. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean.B. Organic materials mostly exist in the basins with oxygen.C. Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas.D. Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctic’s rich energy.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. What makes theArcticattractive?B. Why do many nations focus on theArctic?C. Why is there so much oil in theArctic?D. How does theArcticBasincome into being?CIt is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example, we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic！” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do.Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works.What we think, we automatically rehearse.For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree，” he will think of two things：“don't” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat？” or “How do you think I'll feel if you drown？” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.8. Positive choice of words helps kids to ________.A. learn in different situationsB. do things carefullyC. build up their confidenceD. improve their imagination9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. A child will act on what is instructed.B. One can't help imagining what is heard.C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.D. One won't think of a blue monkey when given money.10. Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?A. How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt?B. Don't play by the lake.C. Don't you dare to walk through the red light?D. Fasten your seat belt.11. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A. positive instructions guide kidsB. praise makes kids confidentC right instructions keep kids safe D. clear commands make kids differentDThis past year, I've found myself returning again and again to lines of poetry by Emily Dickinson. Like many people, I've needed the curing effects of reading more than ever. As scientists and psychologists will tell you, books are good for the brain and their benefits are particularly vital now.Books expand our world, providing an escape and offering novelty, surprise and excitement. They broaden our view and help us connect with others. Books can also distract us and help reduce ourmental chatter.When we hit the “flow state" of reading where we're fully lost in a book, our brain's mode network calms down. It's a network of brain that is active and gets absorbed in thinking and worrying endlessly when we are not doing anything else.There is so much noise in the world right now and the very act of reading is kind of meditation. You disconnect from the chaos around you.You reconnect with yourself when you are reading. And there's no more noise.In 2020, the NPD Group recorded the best year of book sales since 2004. Yet even as people are buying more books,many are reporting they're having a harder time getting through them. It's difficult for your brain to focus on a book when it's constantly scanning for threats to keep you alive.Our fight-or-flight response has been consistently activated.Sometimes I picture my brain as a cartoon brain with little arms and legs, fighting with a book I am holdingand screaming: “Can't you see I'm busy!” Anxiety causes our brain to produce a flood of stress,which consumes our energy and makes it harder to concentrate.Then one day in December sitting on my couch, I remembered how much I like to read"The House of Mirth" every few years around the holidays. The memory inspired me to pick up the familiar book, opened it up and started reading.I just kept going.The comfort and distraction and brain-opening experience gave me peace.So return to something familiar.12. What does the underlined part “mental chatter” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Getting lost in a book.B. Non-stop inner anxiety.C. Chatting with the author.D. Powerful network of brain.13. What do we know about reading according to the text?A. It can treat our headache.B. It can calm down the noisy people.C. It forces us to concentrate.on thinking.D. It makes us communicate with ourselves.14. Why was it difficult for people to finish reading books in 2020?A. People bought too many books.B. The books were too difficult to understand.C. People just wanted to escape from the threat.D. The life threat disturbed people's focus on books.15. Why is the author's experience mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To rid people of concern for safety.B. To present an effective reading way.C. To wake up memories of an old book.D. To recommend the book he/she reads.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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大英期末Part I. Listening ComprehensionPart II. Reading Comprehension（一课一练Unit1、3、4、5、6、7中阅读，共12篇；综合教程2套Test Yourself中阅读，共四篇）Part III. Vocabulary and Structure（一课一练Unit1、3、4、5、6、7课后词汇练习1、2）Part Ⅳ. Reading in Depth（Unit1、5、6课后Cloze1+Unit4、7课后Translation2）Part V. WritingPart III. Vocabulary and StructureUnit 11.The Labor Party’s electoral strategy, which was based on a tactical alliance（联盟）with other minor parties, has proved successful.2.The government troops recaptured the city from the rebels at the cost of（以...为代价）two thousand casualties3．By a stroke of good luck（侥幸的是）, Genelle, who had been buried in the rubble for more than 26 hours, came our alive.4.My brother wasn’t badly hurt, but he injured his leg and had to limp（一瘸一拐地走）around for a few weeks.5.The aircraft was subjected to a test of temperatures of minus（零下）65 degreesand plus 120 degrees.6.Tax incentives combined with cheap labor will attract companies to the westernregions（地区）of our country away from the east coast.7.To my surprise, the opening speeches sounded more like declaration（宣布）ofwar than offerings of peace.8.After a three-day siege（围困）by the police, the terrorists who had seized therestaurant had to give in.9.Once we stepped off the plane and onto the prairie, we were greeted by a gust ofraw（阴冷的）and biting wind.10. Being young and impatient, they are inclined to dash into the jaws of danger where an experienced fighter might bide his time（等待时机）.11.The harassing budget problems of the past few months have taken their toll（付出惨重代价）on her health.12.Workers who have to work on weekends are paid twice the normal wages. And inthe case of（遇上）national holidays, they can get triple pay.1. In the economic crisis, many factories have begun to lay off workers. Now the government is faced with the problem of helping create jobs for the large number of unemployed.2. If you let yourself get bogged down in paper work, you’ll never find time to deal with the really important issues.3. Despite difficulties, the government is pressing on with its campaign to eliminate corruption.4. “We can take no chances; if we fail in Normandy the war might drag on for years,”said the Allied commander-in-chief.5. The tolerance of her poor English by others meant she could get by with her often incorrect grammar and limited vocabulary.6. Edward knew it would cost him a fortune to dine out at such an expensive restaurant, but then he could not afford to offend her by going to a less expensive one.7. As the economy shows no signs of picking up, many companies have cut back onworker s’ benefits and stopped investing in new projects.8. With the price of fuel skyrocketing, I really don’t know how we are going to get through the severe winter.Unit31.The waitress was so rude that Jane didn't tip her.2.Racing takes everything you’ve got----intellectually, emotionally, and physically.3.Although the structure（结构）of the building hadn’t suffered, the surface isbadly damaged.4.She received an increase in pay and it has made a difference（产生影响）in herattitude towards work.5.She appeared very nervous one evening .I asked her what was wrong, and sheblurted（脱口而出）that she had fallen in love with Phil .6.I looked at Tom’s pictures and found some of them so amusing and funny that Icouldn’t help chuckling（哧哧笑）.7.Your goals have to be measurable（可测量的）so you’ll know when you aremaking progress.8.Salespeople often try to learn about the needs of the prospective（可能成为的；预期的）buyer to make themselves more persuasive.9.We have only five months to make preparations for the trip to the South Pole.10.Prof. Lee’s eyes sparkled（闪耀）with enthusiasm as she talked about how hernew teaching method worked in her College English class.11.In my senior year I took a crack at（尝试）writing a novel, but without muchsuccess.12.To reduce weight, I am now learning to play golf with my business partner, whoplays like a professional.1.You have to know what is right for you and then go after it regardless of whatothers may say.2.May you look back at/on the past with as much pleasure as you look forward tothe future.3.Most of the old buildings were pulled down in this area so that blocks of newapartments could be put up.4.We may say he stood for freedom and justice all his life.5.In retrospect she says the most important thing is for parents to build in somekind of motivation or prospect that means something to their offspring.6.To my mind, it is very important to follow up your letter and resume with a phonecall when you apply for a job.7.Before we set off for the camping trip, our five-year-old asked, “Can themicrowave be hooked up to the electricity supply at the campsite, dad?”8.She tried to swallow, but couldn’t, her throat had almost closed up.Unit 41. The general ordered his troops to move quickly towards an advantageous（有利的）position.2. People would think the seven-year-old couldn’t even reach the pedals, let alone（更不用说）drive the car. Nevertheless, he made it!3. In a sense, we are witnessing（见证）the vanishing（不复存在）of national borders in many areas of economic activity in the world today.4. The tower built at the turn of the century became a landmark（地标）of the city.5. In a book entitled A short History of Nearly Everything, Bill Bryson tries to ignite a passion for knowledge in young readers.6. It seems neuroscience is threatening to displace physics as the queen of the sciences.7. It is only natural for the people to challenge the Establishment（当权派）,especially when the economic outlook is gloomy.8. If anything, this movies appeals to the patriotic（爱国的）feelings of the people and helps to strengthen national unity.9. Julius Caesar in this play is a man full of contradictions（矛盾）,at times strong and confidence, but at other times old and frail.10. The newly launched website aspires（渴望得到）to create a virtual community of common interest via exchange of views on the future of the Internet.11. What Ann advocates just shows how divorced（分离的）from reality she has become.12. After investigating the behavior of pendulums（钟摆）, Galileo was able to use them as time measurement devices in many of his experiments.1. I’ve thought about what happened for a long time, and I’ve come to the conclusion that it must have been an accident.2. Donna dared not settle herself too comfortably into her seat in case she dozed off.3.Roosevelt, like Churchill, saw the significance of postwar civil aviation, and believed in free and open competition.4. Professor Smith was set apart from his colleagues by his radical views on gender equality.5. We can see the effect the terrorist attack has upon us, where the first stage is shock and disbelief, and an inability to take in the reality of what is being said.6. The black hole is a region of space with a gravitational filed so powerful that it sucks in anything and everything that comes within range.7. The Green Party said plans to clean up the environment were doomed unless the Government gave an immediate crash injection to the departments responsible for enforcement.8. For sheer lack of space and resources the local drug addiction center is having to turn away drug-addicts who are begging for admission.Unit 51.In a way（在某种程度上）I prefer shopping online because it is more convenientand saves time.2.The success of mechanics in discovering reliable and useful laws of naturesuggested to Galileo that all nature is designed in accordance with(与...一致；按照)mechanical laws.3. A vacancy(空缺）exist for a sales manager at our pairs office .if you’re interestedin it, please send useful an application letter and you resume at once.4.If you are over 18 and in good condition（身体状况好）, it’s completely safe to dothe job.5.Plastics can be made hard as stone, strong as steel,transparent（透明的）as glass,and light as wood.6.Coat the shoes with polish, then rub（摩擦）hard with a soft cloth to give a shine.7.It was probably just a spicy（有点下流的）joke to them, but it wasn’t funny tome at all.8.Michael’s praise for my wife opened my eyes and taught me to show gratitude forher day-to-day heroism, which I had hitherto(迄今)taken for granted.9.The waitress did bring us clean plates eventually, but with a bad grace（勉强地）.10.Some scientists believe that human beings are born with an instinct（本能）forusing their arms and legs to stay afloat, which, however, disappears within a few months after birth.11.In order to pay the bills, Linda pawned（典当）her grandfather’s gold watch insecret.12.Fish instinctively fight their way upstream against the current（水流）, and manywater birds and animals have the ability to travel long distances.1.Allan and his girlfriend arranged to meet at the park at 1:30, but somehow henever turned up.2.Unless something urgent demands her attention, Mary will stick to her studyschedule that includes breaks every two hours.She thinks that trying to study when you are overtired isn’t smart.3.I happened to see him in Boston and we talked about our time together in schooland it really brought back some fond memories.4.In the present financial crisis, many college graduates feel unsure how to go aboutlooking for a job.5.The speaker kept on talking for about an hour, but I just didn’t understa nd what hewas driving at.6.Granny folded up the towels and put them away in the cupboard.7.Even when she didn’t say anything you could see her turning things over in hermind.8.The statement took him so much aback that for a moment he was lost for words.Unit 61.To stimulate consumption, farmers now can buy household appliance(设备) with government subsidy.2. Conventional medicine has concentrated mainly on the treatment of chronic and acute illness, and until years the role of preventive(预防性的) medicine has suffered comparative(相对)neglect.3. Cost apart, you should remember that however fancy a fridge is, it doesn't kill bacteria(细菌); it only slows down the rate at which they multiply（生物）繁殖；增长.4. The economic planners are seeking to achieve a fairer distribution（分配）of wealth throughout society, but it's easier said than done, I think.5. The town has been producing wool, cloth, and blankets since the 13th century andmuch of its prosperity（繁荣）today is still founded on those industries.6. I've heard of a company provides guidance and help so that you can decorate your house to your own taste.7. To prevent widespread famine , the UN report calls for a joint effort to develop new high-yielding crops adapted to hotter climates and drier soils.8. Carrying large quantities of cash could be dangerous and inconvenient.Why not use a credit card?9. The Word Band decided to grant Hungary a loan of 66 mill.ion dollars to streamline（使效率更高）its fragile financial system.10. I'll send you a fax with detailed information about the proposed project.11. It was Deng Xiaoping who pointed the way to（指向通往..的道路）our opening up policy and fundamental economic reforms.12. Mayor Lewes was taken aback and utterly bewildered（使困惑）by the unexpected question put to him by a reporter---"Are you a liar , sir?"1.Experts say profits could halve over the next year as the other supermarket chainseat into Gateway’s market share.2. Unlike native Americans in many other parts of the country,where customs have gone through tremendous changes, the Eskimos in Alaska still cling to their old traditions.3. Those pale blue flowers stand out/stood out like jewels against the dark, bare soil.4.Mont Blanc exists,and it will go on existing until it wears away or an earthquake knocks it over.5.It would be far better to admit the problem openly and set about tackling it.6.The usher showed us to our seats, and there was just enough time for Denise to switch off her cell-phone before the curtain went up.7.Tonight Euro Disneyland will open its doors and 15,000 adult guests from around the world will be turned loose for two days in the vast theme park.8.Letters have poured in congratulating her on her success in setting a new world record for the women’s 5000 meters.Unit71）My mom, as moms tend to do,had divined（察觉）my state of mind rather shrewdly and moved over to the bed in a thoughtful kind of way.译文：正如所有妈妈那样，我妈妈很敏锐地察觉了我的思想状态，很体贴地走到我床边2）The accident damaged the nerves（神经）controlling his arm movements.译文：这场事故损害了他的控制胳膊活动的神经3）In an expression of solidarity（团结）, the workers registered their support for the new leaders and pledged loyalty to the trade union.译文：为了表示团结，工人表达了对新领导者的支持，并发誓对工会忠诚4）The Arlington National Cemetery is a sacred（神圣的）place for Americans,who come here to mourn（哀悼）those who gave their lives in the service of the nation. 译文：阿林顿国家公墓对于美国认来说是一个神圣的地方，他们来此哀悼那些为服务祖国而献出生命的人们。