1999年6月大学英语六级试题及答案
1999年6月CET6考试真题及参考答案模板
1999年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案一、单选题第1题：When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want, the question a variety of answers.A) defies C) mediatesB) magnifies D) evokes【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第2题：If you want to set up a company, you must with the regulations laid down by the authorities.A) comply C) confirmB) adhere D) accord【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第3题：Although there are occasional outbreaks of gunfire, we can report that the rebellion has in the main been .A) canceled C) suppressedB) destroyed D) restrained【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第4题：Since the two countries couldn't their differences, they decided to stop their negotiations.A) rectify C) reconcileB) oblige D) obscure【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第5题：The presidential candidate his position by winning several primary elections.A) enforced C) intensifiedB) enriched D) consolidated【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第6题：The fuel of the continental missile is supposed to be by this device.A) ignited C) firedB) lighted D) inspired【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第7题：Mike just discovered that his passport had three months ago.A) abolished C) amendedB) expired D) constrained【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第8题：Frankly speaking, your article is very good except for some mistakes in grammar.A) obscure C) trivialB) glaring D) rare【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第9题：There was once an idea that the earth was flat and motionless.A) absurd C) eternalB) intrinsic D) offensive【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第10题：Certain species disappeared or became as new forms arose that were better adapted to the Earth's changing environment.A) feeble C) massiveB) extinct D) extinguished【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第11题：His directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take.A) ambiguous C) arbitraryB) complicated D) intricate【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第12题：Franklin D. Roosevelt argued that the depression stemmed from the Americaneconomy's flaws.A) underlining C) vulgarB) vulnerable D) underlying【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第13题：Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was in tropical countries.A) prospective C) provocativeB) prevalent D) perpetual【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第14题：I am afraid that you have to alter your views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived.A) indifferent C) optimisticB) distressing D) pessimistic【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第15题：Although he has had no formal education, he is one of the businessmen in the company. A) shrewdest C) nastiestB) sternest D) alertest【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第16题：Stop shouting! I can't hear the football .A) judgement C) commentaryB) interpretation D) explanation【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第17题：The cultures of China and Japan have shared many features, but each has used them according to its national .A) engagement C) capacityB) destiny D) temperament【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第18题：Every member of society has to make a to struggle for the freedom of the country.A) pledge C) resolve B) warranty D) guarantee【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第19题：I was deeply impressed by the hostess' and enjoyed the dinner party very much.A) hostility C) hospitalityB) indignation D) humanity【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第20题：David tends to feel useless and unwanted in a society that gives so much to those who compete well.A) prestige C) superiorityB) regime D) legislation【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第21题：As you have seen, the value of a nation's currency is a of its economy.A) reaction C) responseB) reflection D) revelation【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第22题：In the Spring Export Commodities Fair the of fine china attracted much attention of customers from all over the world.A) succession C) string B) array D) procession【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第23题：We should make a clear between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.A) separation C) deviationB) discrimination D) distinction【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第24题：The terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens, set to when it arrived in New York.A) go off C) come offB) get off D) carry off【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第25题：We should be able to do the job for you quickly, you give us all the necessary information.A) in case C) or elseB) provided that D) as if【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第26题：The younger person's attraction to stereos cannot be explained only familiaritywith technology.A) in quest of C) in terms ofB) by means of D) by virtue of【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第27题：Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were .A) in no way C) at a lossB) on the contrary D) of no avail【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第28题：By signing the lease we made a to pay a rent of $150 a week.A) conception C) commitmentB) commission D) confinement【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第29题：To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly by a computer.A) graded C) conductedB) managed D) monitored【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第30题：Many people think of deserts as regions, but numerous species of plants and animals have adapted to life there.A) virgin C) voidB) barren D) wretched【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无二、阅读理解第31题：We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist (免疫学家) Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could not. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock. Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has shown that animals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli don't develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control. Such findings reinforce psychologists' suspicions that the experience or perception of helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned (使形成条件反射) mice to avoid saccharin（糖精）by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener. In order to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader re-exposed the animals to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their earlier conditioning died. He could only speculate that he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to weaken their immune systems enough to kill them.1. Laudenslager's experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who could turn off the electricity .A) was strengthened C) was alteredB) was not affected D) was weakened2. According to the passage, the experience of helplessness causes rats to .A) try to control unpleasant stimuli B) turn off the electricityC) behave passively in controllable situations D) become abnormally suspicious3. The reason why the mice in Ader's experiment avoided saccharin was that .A) they disliked its taste B) it affected their immune systemsC) it led to stomach pains D) they associated it with stomachaches4. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader's experiment was that .A) they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharinB) the sweetener was poisonous to themC) their immune systems had been altered by the mindD) they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning5. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals .A) can be weakened by conditioning B) can be suppressed by drug injectionsC) can be affected by frequent doses of saccharin D) can be altered by electric shocks1小题>、【正确答案】：B2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：D4小题>、【正确答案】：C5小题>、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第32题：The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing (把…固定) legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon (放任). Attempts to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays - not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it.It seems that only when government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industry's and our recognition that protecting mankind's great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologists, the environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge.We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-visioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspectiveto make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion.I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages.1. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because .A) they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doingB) they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interestsC) time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on itD) it is difficult for them to take effective measures2. The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is . A) to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasionB) to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protectionC) to take radical measures to control environmental pollutionD) to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards3. The word "tunnel-visioned" (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably means " ".A) narrow-minded C) short-sighted B) blind to the factsD) able to see only one aspect4. Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems?A) Legislation and government intervention.B) The industry's understanding and support.C) The efforts of environmental health professionals.D) The cooperation of ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists.5. Which of the following is true according to the last paragraph?A) Efforts should be exerted on pollution prevention instead of on remedial measures.B) More money should be spent in order to stop pollution.C) Ordinary citizens have no access to technical information on pollution.D) Environmental degradation will be stopped by the end of this decade.1小题>、【正确答案】：B2小题>、【正确答案】：B3小题>、【正确答案】：D4小题>、【正确答案】：C5小题>、【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第33题：British universities, groaning under the burden of a huge increase in student numbers, are warning that the tradition of a free education is at risk. The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cutbacks.The government responded to the universities' threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation, under a non-party troubleshooter (调停人), Sir Ron Dearing.One in three school-leavers enters higher education, five times the number when the last review took place thirty years agoEveryone agrees a system that is feeling the strain after rapid expansion needs a lot more money - but there is little hope of getting it from the taxpayer and not much scope for attracting more finance from business.Most colleges believe students should contribute to tuition costs, something that is common elsewhere in the world but would mark a revolutionary change in Britain. Universities want the government to introduce a loan scheme for tuition fees and have suspended their own threatened action for now. They await Dearing'sadvice, hoping it will not be too late - some are already reported to be in financial difficulty.As the century nears its end, the whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope. Experts ponder how much they can use computers instead of classrooms, talk of the need for lifelong learning and refer to students as "consumers."The Confederation (联盟) of British Industry, the key employers' organization, wants even more expansion in higher education to help fight competition on world markets from booming Asian economies. But the government has doubts about more expansion. The Times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to "ass production methods more typical of European universities."1. The chief concern of British universities is .A) how to tackle their present financial difficultyB) how to expand the enrollment to meet the needs of enterprisesC) how to improve their educational technologyD) how to put an end to the current tendency of quality deterioration2. We can learn from the passage that in Britain .A) the government pays dearly for its financial policyB) universities are mainly funded by businessesC) higher education is provided free of chargeD) students are ready to accept loan schemes for tuition3. What was the percentage of high school graduates admitted to universities in Britain thirty years ago?A) 20% or so. C) Above 30%.B) About 15%. D) Below 10%.4. It can be inferred from the passage that .A) the British government will be forced to increase its spending on higher educationB) British employers demand an expansion in enrollment at the expense of qualityC) the best way out for British universities is to follow their European counterpartsD) British students will probably have to pay for their higher education in the near future5. Which of the following is the viewpoint of the Times newspaper?A) Expansion in enrollment is bound to affect the quality of British higher education.B) British universities should expand their enrollment to meet the needs of industry.C) European universities can better meet the needs of the modern world.D) British universities should help fight competition on world markets.1小题>、【正确答案】：A2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：D4小题>、【正确答案】：D5小题>、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第34题：There's a simple premise behind what Larry Myers does for a living: If you can smell it, you can find it.Myers is the founder of Auburn University's Institute for Biological Detection Systems, the main task of which is to chase the ultimate in detection devices - an artificial nose.For now, the subject of their research is little more than a stack of gleaming chips tucked away in a laboratory drawer. But soon, such a tool could be hanging from the belts of police, arson (纵火) investigators and food-safety inspectors.The technology that they are working on would suggest quite reasonably that, within three to five years, we'll have some workable sensors ready to use. Such devices might find wide use in places that attract terrorists. Police could detect drugs, bodies and bombs hidden in cars, while food inspectors could easily test food and water for contamination.The implications for revolutionary advances in public safety and the foodindustry are astonishing. But so, too, are the possibilities for abuse: Such machines could determine whether a woman is ovulating (排卵), without a physical exam - or even her knowledge.One of the traditional protectors of American liberty is that it has been impossible to search everyone. That's getting not to be the case.Artificial biosensors created at Auburn work totally differently from anything ever seen before. AromaScan, for example, is a desktop machine based on a bank of chips sensitive to specific chemicals that evaporate into the air. As air is sucked into the machine, chemicals pass over the sensor surfaces and produce changes in the electrical current flowing through them. Those current changes are logged into a computer that sorts out odors based on their electrical signatures.Myers says they expect to load a single fingernail-size chip with thousands of odor receptors (感受器), enough to create a sensor that's nearly as sensitive as a dog's nose.1. Which of the following is within the capacity of the artificial nose being developed? A) Performing physical examinations.B) Locating places which attract terrorists.C) Detecting drugs and water contamination.D) Monitoring food processing.2. A potential problem which might be caused by the use of an artificial nose is .A) negligence of public safety C) a hazard to physical healthB) an abuse of personal freedom D) a threat to individual privacy3. The word "logged" (Line 5, Para. 7) most probably means " ".A) preset C) processedB) entered D) simulated4. T o produce artificial noses for practical use, it is essential .A) to develop microchips with thousands of odor receptorsB) to invent chips sensitive to various chemicalsC) to design a computer program to sort out smellsD) to find chemicals that can alter the electrical current passing through5. The author's attitude towards Larry Myers' work is .A) cautious C) suspiciousB) approving D) overenthusiastic1小题>、【正确答案】：C2小题>、【正确答案】：D3小题>、【正确答案】：B4小题>、【正确答案】：A5小题>、【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无三、完型填空第35题：Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag (喷气飞行时差反应). Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone 1 making mistakes. It is actually caused by 2 of your "body clock" - a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological 3 . The body clock is designed for a 4 rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it 5 daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time zone. The 6 of jetlag often persist for days 7 the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is 8 that is based on proven 9 pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has 10 a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone 11 controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates 12 of the discomfort of jetlag. A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either 13 or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule 14 light exposure depends a great deal on 15 travel plans. Data on a specific flight itinerary (旅行路线) and the individual's sleep 16 are used to produce a Trip Guide with 17 on exactly when to be exposed to bright light. When the Trip Guide calls 18bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad, 19 you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light 20 for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.1. A) for C) to B) from D) of2. A) rupture C) eruption B) corruption D) disruption3. A) actions C) reflection B) functions D) behavior4. A) regular C) continual B) formal D) circular5. A) retains C) possesses B) encounters D) experiences6. A) diseases C) signs B) symptoms D) defects7. A) while C) if B) whereas D) although8. A) adaptable C) available B) approachable D) agreeable9. A) broad C) tentative B) inclusive D) extensive10. A) devised C) scrutinized B) recognized D) visualized11. A) at C) in B) through D) as12. A) most C) little B) least D) more13. A) attain C) retrieve B) shed D) seek14. A) on C) for B) with D) in15. A) unique C) complicated B) specific D) peculiar16. A) norm C) pattern B) mode D) style17. A) directories C) specifications B) instructions D) commentaries18 A) off C) for B) on D) up19. A) or C) but B) and D) while20. A) agitation C) acceleration B) spur D) stimulus1小题>、【正确答案】：C2小题>、【正确答案】：D 3小题>、【正确答案】：B 4小题>、【正确答案】：A 5小题>、【正确答案】：D 6小题>、【正确答案】：B 7小题>、【正确答案】：A 8小题>、【正确答案】：C 9小题>、【正确答案】：C 10小题>、【正确答案】：A 11小题>、【正确答案】：B 12小题>、【正确答案】：A 13小题>、【正确答案】：A 14小题>、【正确答案】：C 15小题>、【正确答案】：B 16小题>、【正确答案】：C 17小题>、【正确答案】：B 18小题>、【正确答案】：C 19小题>、【正确答案】：A 20小题>、【正确答案】：D 【参考解析】：无四、写作题第36题：For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Reading Selectively Or Extensively? You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 有人认为读书要有选择2. 有人认为应当博览群书3. 我的看法【参考答案】：答案略。
大学英语六级考试试题（1999年1月）
大学英语六级考试试题（1999年1月）大学英语六级考试试题（1999年1月）Part I Reading ComprehensionQuestions 01-05 are based on the following passage:In managing information resources, the medium may be the key to an effective system. The medium is a vehicle, a tool, or a container for holding information; the information itself is the thing of value.Three popular categories of information media are paper, film, and electronic storage devices The media choice must not be viewed as a choice among these three, however; it must be viewed a s an opportunity to select from a multitude of media possibilities in combinations that build effective systems. In many instances the person responsible for information-resource management is not the person who determines the medium in which information will be created. In such a case, the manager of a firm's information resources faces a challenge in making a significant contribution to the organization's objectives.For effective management of information resources, media conversion may be necessary. Examples include keying or scanning paper documents to convert them to electronic media. Other processes convert electronic media from one format to another. For example, disk files created on one system may not be compatible with another system. Various hardware and software combinations can be used to convert files to formats that equipment will accept. For information generated within organizations, this necessity of making systems compatible may be eliminated by cooperative planning. However, very little control can be exercised over the media used to generateinformation that comes to your organization from the outside.The medium for information may be selected to satisfy a need that exists when information is created and communicated. For example, a paper record may be created because of its portability and because no special equipment is necessary for later references to that information; electronic transmission may be selected because it is the fastest means of communicating information. A firm may use electronic mail because a network already exists for on-line computer communication. The additional application may cost less than postage to mail paper memos.01. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?A. Media Selection in Managing Information Resources.B. The Importance and Necessity of Media Conversion.C. Three Categories of Information Media.D. Various Means of Communicating Information02. The first paragraph aims at telling the reader ____.A. the importance of information resources managementB. the relationship between the medium and informationC. the great variety of media for holding informationD. the numerous resources of information03. According to the author, ____.A. paper is the best storage deviceB. people have three choices in selecting information mediaC. it is better to let the person responsible for information-resource management determine the mediumD. the manager should build an effective system by selectinga good combination of different media04. For effective management of information resources, the manager should ____.A. convert all paper documents to electronic mediaB. make media conversion when necessaryC. control the media used to generate information both inside and outside his organizationD. use one format in processing information05. The main idea of the last paragraph is ____.A. paper record is the most convenient medium for later referenceB. electronic mail costs less than postage to mail paper memosC. different media for information may be selected for different purposesD. by using different media, a firm can create various information for its objectivesQuestions 06-10 are based on the following passage:Many leading scientists down through the years form Galieo to Einstein have been deeply religious. They have been intrigued by the essential mystery of life and material existence, and have recognized that spiritual as well as scientific understanding is needed.Two biologists might examine a living cell under a microscope. One will see there the handiwork of God; the other will see only what evolution has chanced to produce. And yet both will agree on the cell's biological history, its composition, its structure, and its function. One physicist will find God in the exquisitely organized and exact laws of the physical universe. Another physicist will not be able to see anything beyond the laws themselves. The religious views of a scientist do not come from his science; they come from his entire philosophy, his whole view of the world. But scientists are not unique in this matter; thesame disparity of thinking is to be found among people from all walks of life.In the modern world, science serves two important functions. One is to provide the basis for a scientific technology. It is in this way that science has the greatest influence on our daily living. Through technology, we advance the structure of civilization and gain increasing domination over the earth and adjoining portions of the universe. The other purpose served by science is one of understanding. Through science, we discover how phenomena occur and, to a limited extent, why they happen the way they do. Vital processes are analysed and studied, that we may know more of how organisms function, and how they have come to be what they are. Through science, we seek to know that a man is - how his body works and why he thinks and dreams. As we search to know ourselves and the workings of our minds, we expect to find solutions to problems of confusion and discontent. Science is a way to understanding, but in some ways it is a narrow path that does not touch on all the questions posed by the facts of human life. Science does not provide a way of life; it does not create a moral order. It is quite obvious that not all human knowledge can be reduced to scientific terms. Interpretations of the ultimate meaning and value of life will, in the final analysis, be made more on the basis of spiritual awareness than on scientific acuity.06. According to the author, many leading scientists ____.A. have acknowledged that only religion can explain the mystery of lifeB. have been puzzled by the mystery of life and material thingsC. have attempted to explain physical life from a religiouspoint of viewD. have engaged in intrigue trying to solve the mystery of life07. The author suggests in the second paragraph that ____.A. while some physicists conclude from the laws of nature that there is a God, others draw no such conclusionB. it is only by studying philosophy that a man can develop religious beliefsC. by examining a living cell under a microscope biologists can understand the process of evolutionD. there is a disparity of thinking between scientists and people from other walks of life regarding science and religion08. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, "this matter" refers to ____.A. the fact that a scientist's religious views derive from his whole outlook on lifeB. the fact that some people believe in God while others do notC. the disparity of thinking between scientists and people from other walks of lifeD. the disparity in the religious conclusions drawn from the observation of natural phenomena09. In the third paragraph "scientific technology" is ____.A. the application of scientific knowledge to the skills of industryB. the application of science and industry to daily lifeC. science and industry as the basis of progressD. the use of science and industrial techniques in gaining control of the universe10. In the third paragraph it is mentioned that by means of science ____ are analyzed and studied.A. the ways in which cells formedB. changes in organic lifeC. the main ways in which organisms developD. processes on which organic life dependsQuestions 11-15 are based on the following passage:Joseph Weizenbaum, professor of computer science at MIT, thinks that the sense of power over the machine ultimately corrupts the computer hacker and makes him into a not very-desirable sort of programmer. The hackers are so involved with designing their program, making it more and more complex and bending it to their will, that they don't bother trying to make it understandable to other users. They rarely keep records of their programs for the benefit of others, and they take rarely time to understand why a problem occurred.Computer science teachers say they can usually pick out the prospective hackers in their courses because these students make their homework assignments more complex than they need to be. Rather than using the simplest and most direct method, they take joy in adding extra steps just to prove their ingenuity.But perhaps those hackers know something that we don't about the shape of things to come. "That hacker who had to be literally dragged off his chair at MIT is now a multimillionaire of the computer industry," says MIT professor Michael Dertouzos. "And two former hackers became the founders of the highly successful Apple home computer company."When seen in this light, the hacker phenomenon may not be so strange after all. If, as many psychiatrists say, play is really the basis for all human activity, then the hacker games are really the preparation for future developments.Sherry Turkle, a professor of sociology at MIT, has for years been studying the way computers fit into people's lives. She points out that the computer, because it seems to us to be so "intelligent," so "capable," so..."human" affects the way we think about ourselves and our ideas about what we are. She says that computers and computer toys already play an important role in children's efforts to develop an identity by allowing them to test ideas about what is alive and what is not."The youngsters can form as many subtle nuances and textured relationships with the computers as they can with people."Turke points out.11. The passage tells about ____.A. the strange behaviour of the computer hackersB. the ultimate importance of bringing up computer hackersC. the different opinions concerning the hacker phenomenonD. what has caused the emergence of computer hackers12. According to Prof. Weizenbaum, what led to the hackers' strange behaviour is ____.A. their strong desire to control the computerB. their ignorance of the responsibility of a programmerC. their incompetence in making new computer programmersD. their deliberate attempts to make their programs complex and impracticable13. In Prof. Dertozos' opinion, which of the following is TRUE?A. Computer industry will certainly make multimillionaires of the hackers.B. The hackers are likely to be very successful business menC. The hackers probably have better insight into the future than other people.D. Only a few hackers will be successful in their later life.14. We can guess from context clues that the phrase "to develop an identity" (Para. 5) means ____.A. to become distinguishedB. to seek an answerC. to build up a creative abilityD. to form a habit15. The passage tries to convey to its readers the idea that ____.A. perhaps the hacker phenomenon is not bad at allB. though the hackers are in fact playing with the computer, there may be some benefitsC. the computer hackers are the hope of the computer industry of tomorrowD. the computer hackers could be useful if under proper guidanceQuestions 16-20 are based on the following passage:As one works with color in a practical or experimental way, one is impressed by two apparently unrelated facts. Color as seen is a mobile changeable thing depending to a large extent on the relationship of the color to other colors seen simultaneously. It is not fixed in its relation to the direct stimulus which creates it. On the other hand, the properties of surfaces that give rise to color do not seem to change greatly under a wide variety of illumination colors, usually looking much the same in artificial light as in daylight. Both of these effects seem to be due in large part to the mechanism of color adaptation mentioned earlier.When the eye is fixed on a colored area, there is an immediate readjustment of the sensitivity of the eye to color in and around the area viewed. This readjustment does notimmediately affect the color seen but usually does affect the next area to which the gaze is shifted. The longer the time of viewing, the higher the intensity, and the larger the area, the greater the effect will be in terms of its persistence in the succeeding viewing situation. As indicated by the work of Wright and Schouten, it appears that, at least for a first approximation, full adaptation takes place over a very brief time if the adapting source is moderately bright and the eye has been in relative darkness just previously. As the stimulus is allowed to act, however, the effect becomes more persistent in the sense that it takes the eye longer to regain its sensitivity to lower intensities. The net result is that, if the eye is so exposed and then the gaze is transferred to an area of lower intensity, the loss of sensitivity produced by the first area will still be present and appear as an "afterimage" superimposed on the second. The effect not only is present over the actual area causing the "local adaptation" but also spreads with decreasing strength to adjoining areas of the eye to produce "lateral adaptation." Also, because of the persistence of the effect if the eye is shifted around from one object to another, all of which are at similar brightness or have similar colors, the adaptation will tend to become uniform over the whole eye.16. This selection is concerned primarily with ____.A. the adaptation of the eye to colorB. the color of colorsC. the properties of colored surfacesD. the effect of changes in color intensity17. Whether a colored object would, on two viewings separated in time, appear to the viewer as similar or different would depend mostly on ____.A. the color mechanism of the eye in use at the time of eachviewingB. what kind of viewing had immediately preceded each of the viewingsC. the properties of the surfaces viewedD. the individual's power of lateral adaptation18. If a person's eye has been looking at an object in bright sunlight for some time, and then shifts to an object not well lit - such as a lawn or shrub in shadow - we can expect ____.A. a time lag in the focusing ability of the eyeB. some inability to see colors of the latter-named objects until loss of sensitivity has been regainedC. the immediate loss of the "afterimage" of the first objectD. adaptation in the central area of the eye but little adaptation in the lateral areas to the new intensity level19. The present selection has apparently been preceded by some explanation of ____.A. some experiments with color pigmentsB. the nature of colorC. the color properties of various surfacesD. the mechanism of the eye's adaptation to color20. This selection tells us all the following EXCEPT that ____.A. color depends on what other colors are seenB. the adjustment of the eye to the color it sees affects the next color it seesC. since properties of surfaces that give rise to color do not change, the surfaces of objects always look just the same in artificial light as in daylightD. The adjustment of the eye is affected by three variables: size of areas, intensity of color and length of timePart II Vocabulary and Structure21. In the past few years, David Roberts has obtained a(n) ____ return on his wise stock investment.A. handsomeB. valuableC. initiativeD. profitable22. Even though she was more than sixty she had very few ____ on her face.A. spotsB. wrinklesC. tracesD. frowns23. "Sorry, sir, I just couldn't help laughing," Charlie ____ with false humility, and his eyes were wide and innocent of evil.A. proclaimedB. regrettedC. compromisedD. apologized24. Such a change would not ____ to the present wishes of the great majority of people.A. comfortB. complyC. conformD. confirm25. With a weather-worn face, Ted is ____ a very old man but in fact he is only fifty.B. evidentlyC. apparentlyD. sufficiently26. We need another month or two to complete theconstruction of the new hotel. An extra few days will make no ____.A. outcomeB. successC. distinctionD. difference27. My brother Roger, who had the advantage of good looks and ____ personality, decided to take up the stage as a career.A. heroicB. positiveC. strikingD. artistic28. The terrified hunter, ____ in arms of a huge bear, fought desperately to loosen its trip.A. claspedB. seizedC. graspedD. trapped29. As usual, the correspondent is required to ____ all the facts before he writes his report.A. check offB. check outC. check onD. check up30. The son inherited his father's business, but his heart was not in it and before long the firm went ____.A. worseB. bankruptC. invalidD. collapsed31. The waitress whom you were enquiring about has been ____ because of her poor service.A. dismissedB. expiredC. resignedD. suspended32. The most unusual ____ which has appeared this Christmas is what one can describe as a musical calendar.A. wonderB. inventionC. favoriteD. novelty33. Traditional grocers' shops are fast ____ now that there are so many supermarkets.A. dying downB. dying awayC. dying outD. dying off34. Your dislike for women drivers has no logical foundation; it s due only to ____.A. preferenceC. psychologyD. propaganda35. Many of the students have a grasp of the main structures,a reasonable vocabulary and a(n) ____ idea of how to pronounce most words they come across.A. faintB. obscureC. vagueD. rough36. Mr. Peel began a reply, but his wife ____ with a remark again.A. cut inB. cut backC. cut offD. cut short37. The old gentleman retained a(n) ____ regard for appearance even after he had come down in the world.A. favorableB. obstinateC. giganticD. identical38. They don't want to be involved in the dispute, so they exhibit ____ on such matters.A. integrityB. moralityC. reserveD. justice39. Mr. Huang is an ardent reformer ____ heart and has won great popularity among the workers.A. atB. byC. fromD. of40. My doctor put me ____ starvation diet, that is, he allowed me only tea and milk.A. withB. forC. onD. in41. Betty was born in a distinguished family, and her upbringing was fairly strict ____ obedience and truthfulness.A. for the sake ofB. as a result ofC. with a view toD. in regard to42. The police chief, who fears that the case could become a national incident, is opposed ____ it any publicity.A. to giveB. to givingC. to be givingD. to have given43. Optimism is a good characteristic, but if ____ to an excess it becomes foolishness.A. carriesB. to carryC. carried44. The way he ate irritated her so much that she ____.A. should have screamedB. would have screamedC. must have screamedD. could have screamed45. The space project requires more money than ____ because it needs the most modern and advanced equipment which is extremely expensive.A. to be put inB. to have been put inC. putting inD. having put in46. As a woman of strong will, Gemma composed herself ____when she heard the news of Arthur's death.A. as she could bestB. as best she couldC. best as she couldD. could best as she47. Computers are not just becoming ____ our world. To a great degree, they are our world.A. a more and more part ofB. more and more a part ofC. a part more and more ofD. a part of more and more48. I should say he is not ____ a scholar as a writer.A. too muchB. very muchC. so muchD. as much49. I'd just do as soon as you ____ the research yourself.A. doB. will doC. didD. would do50. I don't know ____ it was that answered the phone this morning.A. whyB. howC. whoD. thatPart III Error CorrectionA good way to get information for essays and reports is to interview people who are experts in [51] your topic or whoseopinions may be interesting. Interviews are also a good way to get a sampling of people's opinions on various questions. Here are some suggestions that will help you make most of a [52] planned interview:1. If the person to be interviewed (the interviewee) is busy, cancel an appointment in [53] advance.2. Prepare your questions before the interview so that you make best use of your time. In preparing think about the topic about what the interviewer is [54] likely to know.3. Use your questions, but don't insist in sticking to [55] them or proceeding in the order you have listed. Often the interviewee will have important information that was never occurred to you, or one [56] question may suggest another very useful one.4. If you don't understand something the interviewee has said, say politely and askhim or [57] her to clarify it or to give an example.5. Take notes, if the interviewee goes too slowly [58] for you, ask him or her to stop for a moment, especially if the point is important. A tape recorder lets you avoid this problem. Therefore, [59] be sure the interviewee agrees to be taped.6. As soon as possible after the interview, read over your notes. They may need clarified while the [60] topic is still fresh in your mind.答案Part I Reading Comprehension01.A 02.B 03.D 04.B 05.C 06.B 07.A 08.A 09.A 10.D11.C 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.B 18.B 19.D 20.CPart II V ocabulary and Structure21.A 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.C 26.D 27.C 28.A 29.D 30.B31.A 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.A 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.C41.D 42.B 43.C 44.D 45.B 46.B 47.B 48.C 49.C 50.C Part III Error Correction51. experts in... on52. make (-) most... the53. cancel an... make54. the interviewer is... interviewee55. insist in sticking... on56. that was never... /57. say (-) politely... so58. too slowly... fast59. Therefore... However60. need clarified.... clarifying。
1994年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案
1990年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)1. A) His wife doesn't want him to. B) He will be out of town.C) He has some work to do. D) He doesn't want to.2. A) Do shopping. B) Make a phone call.C) Take a bus. D) Give them to the woman3. A) Maria's friends don't call her very often.B) Maria likes to talk on the phone with her friends.C) Maria doesn't like to talk on the phone with her friends.D) Maria doesn't have any friends.4. A) In October B) Between April and October.C) In April. D) She isn't certain.5. A) Once it starts raining, it' 11 rain a lot. B) It has been raining for some time.C) They' re ready to catch the train. D) The train has just started off.6. A) He offered her a pencil. B) He was afraid of losing his pen.C) He lent her his extra pen. D) He said he didn't have any ink.7. A) Bob will be on time. B) She hopes Bob won't come.C) Bob can't come. D) Bob will be late.8. A) To the beach. B) To a restaurant. C) To a theatre. D) To the zoo.9. A) Ask the woman to find Mr. White for him.B) Hold the phone.C) Pay the manager a visit.D) Make another call.10. A) She is going to give up biology.B) She spends half of her time on biology and half on math.C) To her match is even more difficult than biology.D) To her biology is difficult, but math is not.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) He had to get a job. B) He was afraid of failure.C) He wanted to join the Army. D) He wasn't interested in studying.12. A) She was shocked. B) She was disappointed.C) She expressed doubts. D) She encouraged him.13. A) He was lucky. B) He had a good wife.C) He was determined. D) He had a good teacher.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) She was driving along a country road.B) She was lying in a hospital bed.C) She was lying near a lonely road trembling.D) She was telling an astonishing story to a doctor.15. A) She was attacked by robbers.B) She was stopped by a policeman.C) She fainted due to the effects of some drug.D) She was forced to enter a flying saucer.16. A) The woman had been taken a long distance away from her home.B) The woman had intended to leave her husband without telling him.C) The woman had been dishonest to her husband.D) The woman made up an astonishing story.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) In the 15th century. B) In the 16th century.C) In the 5th century. D) In the 6th century.18. A) Because it was at the seaside.B) Because it was the only modern building there.C) Because of the beautiful garden in front~of it.D) Because of its old style of architecture.19. A) To keep the tourists away.B) To welcome the tourists.C) To make money.D) To warn the tourists not to ruin his garden.20. A) In order to earn more money. B) In order to have more peace.C) In order to welcome more visitors. D) In order to have a bigger garden.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:The failed Skylab will come screaming home to earth in disappointment sometime next month. But it will fall we know not where. That precise information is beyond even the calculations of scientists and their computers. The best they can tell us is that the space station, weighing 77 tons and as high as a 12 story buiding, will break into hundreds of pieces that will be scattered across a track 100 miles wide and 4,000 miles long. We are again exposed to one of those unexpected adventures, ormisadventures, of science. that atracts our attention from the boring routines of daily existence and encourages us to think a lot about man's future. What worries Richard Smith, the Skylab' s director, is the "big pieces" that will come through the atmosphere, Two lumps, weighing 2 tons each, and ten, weighing at least 1,000 pounds each, will come in at speeds of hundreds of miles an hour and if they crash on land they will dig holes up to 100 feet deep. What worries us, with our lack of scientific knowledge and our quick imagination, is both the big and little pieces, although project officials say there is a very small chance that anyone will be injured by them. That's good to know, but it doesn't remove the doubts of the millions who still remember the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island. That accident took place in 1979 in spite of what the officials had assured us as to the safely of the nuclear reactor.21. Where the Skylab will fall ?A) is kept secret B) has been made publicC) has been predicted by scientists D) can't be predicted even by computers22. According to the passage, what does an incident such as the failed Skylab lead us to do?A) Not to believe in officials. B) To think about our future.C) Has been predicted by scientists. D) To fear for our lives.23. The author suggests thatA) the danger of the Skylab's fall has been overestimatedB) it's useless to worry over things you can't do anything aboutC) the danger of the Skylab's fall has been underestimatedD) computers can solve the problem caused by the broken Skylab24. The author refers to Three Mils IslandA) because he is doubtful about what the officials saidB) because he fears that a piece of the Skylab may strike a nuclear power plantC) because he is afraid of the use of nuclear powerD) because the nuclear reactor there and the Skylab were both built by the same company25. This passage is mainly about the author'sA) interest in the failure of the SkylabB) willingness to give his adviceC) eagerness to see more new scientific discoveriesD) concern that science cannot answer all questionsPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:As supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of agriculture (the relative efficiency of agricultural production compared to other areas in the economy) is even more important than this. For in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for the production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capita income (人均收入) of a nation is the fraction of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 percent in western Europe and less than 4 percent in the United States.In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is The movement to "humanize" banks, of course, received a new push during the war, when more and more women were employed to do work previously performed by men. Also more and more "little" people found themselves in need of personal loans, as taxes became heavier and as the practice of installment (分期付款) buying broke down the previously long-held concept that there was something almost morally wrong about being in debt. All sorts of people began to discover that the intelligent use of credit (信贷) could be extremely helpful.36. The author believes that the unfriendly atmosphere in hanks many years ago was chiefly due toA) the outer appearance of bank buildingsB) unfriendliness of customers toward banksC) economic pressure of the timeD) the attitude of hankers37. The banks of many years ago showed interest only in __A) regular visitors B) rich customersC) friendly businessmen D) elderly gentlemen39. What helped the humamzation of banks?A) The elderly gentlemen in banks were replaced by younger men.B) More banks were set up in small and medium-sized towns.C) More and more "little" people became customers of banks.D) The size of the customers account was greatly increased.40. Ordinary people seldom borrowed money from banks in the past becauseA) they thought it was not proper to be in debtB) they were comparatively rich Before the warC) the hank buildings looked forbiddingD) they rarely spent more than they could earnPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. I don't know whether what she said is true, but I' 11 try to __ it.A) conform B) confirm C) confess D) confine42. Last year Mike earned ______ his brother, though his brother has a better position.A) twice as much as B) twice as many asC) twice than D) twice as more as43. If you suspect that the illness might be serious, you should not ______ going to the doctor.A) pick out B) make out C) put off D) give off44. My only purpose was to get shelter ______ the snow, to get myself covered and warm.A) for B) form C) off D) over45. Maggie ran back to the kitchen, eggs _______ carefully in her hands.A) were held B) to be held C) held D) holding46. I have two boys but ______ of them likes sweets.A) both B) none C) either D) neither47. The man to whom we handed the forms pointed out that they had notbeen ______ filled in.A) properly B) regularly C) thoroughly D) consequently48. None of the servants were ______ when Mr. Smith wanted to send a message.A) allowable B) approachable C) available D) applicable49. My sister's professor had her ______ her paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee.A) rewrite B) to rewrite C) rewritten D) rewriting50. After a long and exhausting journey they arrived ______A) till the last B) by the end C) at the end D) at last51. His understanding made a deep impression, ______ the young girl.A) in B) on C) for D) to52. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _______it closely.A) followed B) to follow C) following D) being following53. There is hardly an environment on earth ______ some species of animal or other has not adapted successfully.A) as to B) wherever C) so that D) to which54. It is highly desirable that a new president ______ to this college.A) appointed B) be appointed C) was appointed D) has been appointed55. After searching for half an hour she realized that her glasses ______ on the table all the time.A) were lain B) had been lainC) had been lying D) would have been lying56. The time has come ______ we can make extensive use of nuclear energy.A) when B) while C) as D) since57. Hardly ______ the helicopter ______ when the waiting crowd ran toward it.A) has …… landed B) had …… landed C) would …… land D) was …… landing58. Although the weather was very bad the buses still ran on ______A) list B) schedule C) plan D) arrangement59. The situation today is obviously quite different from ______ it was only 50 years ago.A) such B) which C) when D) what60. Jane was hit on the head by the robber and was knocked ______A) mindless B) unconscious C) brainless D) unaware61. The traffic was very heavy, otherwise I ______ here 50 minutes sooner.A) would be B) should be C) had been D) would have Been62. ______ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.A) If only B) Unless C) Whatever D) Whenever63. This bird' s large wings ______ __ it to fly very fast.A) make B) cause C) enable D) ensure64. In most of the United States, the morning newspaper is ______ byschool-age children.A) directed B) discharged C) derived D) delivered65. It was not until be arrived at the station ________ he realised he had forgotten his ticket.A) that B) before C) when D) after66. Though the long - term ______ cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee.A) effect B) effort C) affect D) afford67. He asked ______ since he had been chairman for seven years.A) not to be re-elected B) to be not re-electedC) not to have been re-elected D) to have not been re-elected68. Only by shouting at the top of his voice ______A) he was able to make himself hear B) was he able to make himself hearC) he was able to make himself heard D) was he able to make himself heard69. Jane was fairly good at English, but in mathematics she could not ______ __ the rest of the students in her class.A) put up with B) do away with C) keep up with D) run away with70. He went ahead ________ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A) in case of B) because of C) prior to D) regardless of"Good-bye". C) reformed D) shortened作文纸1．人们对职业务有不同的理想2．我理想的职业是什么3．我怎样为我理想的职业做准备1994年6月大学英语四级考试试题参考答案1. A2. B3. D4. B5. C6. C7. A8. C9. D 10. B11. A 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. A 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. A 59. D 60. B 61. B 62. C 63. B 64. A 65. C 66. A 67. B 68. D 69. C 70. D。
1999年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案
1999年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read: A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) The man attended the concert, but didn’t like it.B) The man was sorry to miss the football game.C) The man is more interested in football than in classical music.D) The man was sorry that he didn’t attend the concert.2. A) Singing loudly.B) Listening to music.C) Studying.D) Talking on the phone.3. A) She can’t receive any calls.B) She can’t make any calls.C) She can do nothing with the phone.D) She can’t repair the phone.4. A) Tom is very responsible.B) Tom’s words aren’t reliable.C) What Tom said is true.D) Tom is not humorous at all.5. A) How to use a camera.B) How to use a washer.C) How to use a keyboard.D) How to use a tape recorder.6. A) They should put the meeting to an end.B) They should hold another meeting to discuss the matter.C) She would like to discuss another item.D) She wants to discuss the issue again later.7. A) He believes the Browns have done a sensible thing.B) He doesn’t think the Browns should move to another place.C) He doesn’t think the Browns’ investment is a wise move.D) He believes it is better for the Browns to invest later.8. A) He may convert it and use it as a restaurant.B) He may pull it down and build a new restaurant.C) He may rent it out for use as a restaurant.D) He may sell it to the owner of a restaurant.9. A) She doesn’t like the way the professor lectures.B) She’s having a hard time following the professor’s lectures.C) She is not interested in course.D) She’s having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.10. A) He never keeps his promises.B) He is crazy about parties.C) He has changed his mind.D) He is not sociable.Section B Compound Dictation注意: 听力理解的B节(Section B)为复合式听写(Compound Dictation)，题目在卷二上。
大学英语六级真题1999年06月_真题无答案
大学英语六级真题1999年06月(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ Listening ComprehensionSection ASSS_SINGLE_SEL1.A The man attended the concert, but didn't like it.B That was sorry to miss the football game.C The man is more interested in football than in classical music.D The man was sorry that he didn't attend the concert.SSS_SINGLE_SEL2.A Singing loudly.B Listening to music.C Studying.D Talking on the phone.SSS_SINGLE_SEL3.A She can't receive any calls.B She can't make any calls.C She can do nothing with the phone.D She can't repair the phone.SSS_SINGLE_SEL4.A Tom is very responsible.B Tom's words aren't reliable.C What Tom said is true.D Tom is not humorous at all.SSS_SINGLE_SEL5.A How to use a camera.B How to use a washer.C How to use a keyboard.D How to use a tape recorder.SSS_SINGLE_SEL6.A They should put the meeting to an end.B They should hold another meeting to discuss the matter.C She would like to discuss another item.D She wants to discuss the issue again later.SSS_SINGLE_SEL7.A He believes the Browns have done a sensible thing.B He doesn't think the Browns should move to another place.C He doesn't think the Browns' investment is a wise move.D He believes it is better for the Browns to invest later.SSS_SINGLE_SEL8.A He may convert it and use it as a restaurant.B He may pull it down and build a new restaurant.C He may rent it out for use as a restaurant.D He may sell it to the owner of a restaurant.SSS_SINGLE_SEL9.A She doesn't like the way the professor lectures.B She's having a hard time following the professor's lectures.C She is not interested in the course.D She's having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.SSS_SINGLE_SEL10.A He never keeps his promises.B He is crazy about parties.C He has changed his mind.D He is not sociable.Section BPresident Clinton later today joins (S1)________ President Ford. Carter and Bush at "the president's summit or America s future (S2) ________ at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school, weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children. Mr. Clinton will ask Congress **ing week for nearly three (S3) ________ dollars to fund a five-year program called "America Reads".The program would fund the (S4,) ________ efforts of 20 thousand reading (S5) ________ and it would also give (S6) ________ to helpparents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight. During his Saturday radio (S7) ________, the president explained why the program is important; "we 'need ' America Reads' and we need it now. Studies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well,(S8)____________________. But, 40 percent of them still can't read at a basic level."Volunteer tutors, who **munity service in exchange for college funding are being used in literacy and tutoring programs.(S9)__________________________________________________.The president says many of the Philadelphia summits' corporate sponsors will recruit tutors. (S10) _________________________.SSS_FILL1.S1SSS_FILL2.S2SSS_FILL3.S3SSS_FILL4.S4SSS_FILL5.S5SSS_FILL6.S6SSS_FILL7.S7SSS_FILL8.S8SSS_FILL9.S9SSS_FILL10.S10Part Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPassage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist (免疫学家) Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other haft could not. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock. Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not the experienceit- serf, is what weakens the immune system.Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has shown that animals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli don't develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control. Such findings reinforce psychologists' suspicions that the experience or perception of helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975 psychologist RobertAder at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned (使形成条件反射 ) mice to avoid saccharin (糖精) by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener. In order to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader reexposed the animals to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their earlier conditioning died. He could only speculate that he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to weaken their immune systems enough to kill them.11.Laudenslager's experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who could turn off the electricity________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA was strengthenedB was not affectedC was alteredD was weakened12.According to the passage, the experience of helplessness causes rats to ________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA try to control unpleasant stimuliB turn off the electricityC behave passively in controllable situationsD become abnormally suspicious13.The reason why the mice in Ader's experiment avoided saccharin was that________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA they disliked its tasteB it affected their immune systemsC it led to stomach painsD they associated it with stomachaches14.The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader's experiment was that________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharinB the sweetener was poisonous to themC their immune systems had been altered by the mindD they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning15.It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA can be weakened by conditioningB can be suppressed by drug injectionsC can be affected by frequent doses of saccharinD can be altered by electric shocksPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely be- cause of the extreme difficulty in affixing (把……固定) legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon (放任). Attempts to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal andindustrial denial and long delays -- not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it.It seems that only when government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industry's and our recognition that protecting mankind's great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the front- lines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, hat time is now.We are being asked, and, in fact , the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologists, the environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge.We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-visioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective to make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent mediadistortion and public confusion.I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of lifethat people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages.16.We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doingB they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interestsC time has not **e for them to put due emphasis on itD it is difficult for them to take effective measures17.The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is ________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasionB to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protectionC to take radical measures to control environmental pollutionD to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards18.The word "tunnel-visioned' (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably means"________.”.SSS_SINGLE_SELA narrow-mindedB blind to the factsC short-sightedD able to see only one aspect19.Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems?SSS_SINGLE_SELA Legislation and government intervention.B The industry's understanding and support.C The efforts of environmental health professionals.D The cooperation of ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists.20.Which of the following is true according to the last paragraph?SSS_SINGLE_SELA Efforts should be exerted on pollution prevention instead of on remedial measures.B More money should be spent in order to stop pollution.C Ordinary citizens have no access to technical information on pollution.D Environmental degradation will be stopped by the end of this decade.Passage ThreeQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:British universities, groaning under the burden of a huge increase in student numbers, are warning that the tradition of afree education is at risk. The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cut- backs.The government responded to the universities' threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation, under a non-party troubleshooter (调停人), Sir Ron Dearing.One in three school-leavers enters higher education, five times the number when the last review took place thirty years ago.Everyone agrees a system that is feeling the strain after rapid expansion needs a lot more money -- but. there is little hope of getting it from the taxpayer and not much scope for attracting more finance from business.Most colleges believe students should contribute to tuition costs , something that is common elsewhere in the world but would mark a revolutionary change in Britain. Universities want the government to introduce a loan scheme for tuition fees and have suspended their own threatened action for now. They await Dearing's advice, ho- ping it will not be too late -- some are already reported to be in financial difficulty.As the century nears its end, the whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope. Experts ponder how much they can **puters instead of classrooms, talk of the need forlifelong learning and refer to students as "consumers".The Confederation (联盟) of British Industry, the key employers' organization, wants even more expansion in higher education to help **petition on world markets from booming Asian economies. But the government has doubts about more expansion. The Times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to "mass production methods more typical of European universities."21.The chief concern of British universities is________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA how to tackle their present financial difficultyB how to expand the enrollment to meet the needs of enterprisesC how to improve their educational technologyD how to put an end to the current tendency of quality deterioration22.We can learn from the passage that in Britain________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA the government pays dearly for its financial policyB universities are mainly funded by businessesC higher education is provided free of chargeD students are ready to accept loan schemes for tuition23.What was the percentage of high school graduates admitted to universities in Britain thirty years ago?SSS_SINGLE_SELA 20% or so.B About 15%.C Above 30%.D Below 10%.24.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA the British government will be forced to increase its spending on higher educationB British employers demand an expansion in enrollment at the expense of qualityC the best way out for British universities is to follow their European counterpartsD British students will probably have to pay for their higher education in the near future25.Which of the following is the viewpoint of the Times newspaper?SSS_SINGLE_SELA Expansion in enrollment is bound to affect the quality of British higher education.B British universities should expand their enrollment to meetthe needs of industry.C European universities can better meet the needs of the modern world.D British universities should help **petition on world markets. Passage FourQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:There's simple premise behind what Larry Myers does for a living: If you can smell it, you can find it.Myers is the founder of Auburn University's Institute for Biological Detection Systems, the main task of which is to chase the ultimate in detection devices -- an artificial nose.For now, the subject of their research is little more than a stack of gleaming chips tucked away in a laboratory drawer. But soon, such a tool could be hanging from the belts of police, arson (纵火) investigators and food-safety inspectors.The technology that they are working on would suggest quite reasonable that, within three to five years, we'll have some workable sensors ready to use. Such devices might find wide use in places that attract terrorists. Police could detect drugs, bodies and bombs hidden in cars, while food inspectors could easily test food and water for contamination.The implications for revolutionary advances in public safety and the food industry are astonishing. But so, too, are the possibilities for abuse: Such machines could determine whether a woman is ovulating (排卵) ,without a physical exam -- or even her knowledge.One of the traditional protectors of American liberty is that it has been impossible to search everyone. That's getting not to be the case.Artificial biosensors created at Auburn work totally differently from anything ever seen before. AromaScan, for example, is a .desktop machine based on a bank of chips sensitive to specific chemicals that evaporate into the air. As air is sucked into the machine, chemicals pass over the sensor surfaces and produce changes in the electricalcurrent flowing through them. Those current changes are logged into a computer that sorts out odors based on their electrical signatures.Myers says they expect to load a single fingernail-size chip with thousands of odor receptors (感受器), enough to create a sensor that's nearly as sensitive as a dog's nose.26.Which of the following is within the capacity of the artificial nose being developed?SSS_SINGLE_SELA Performing physical examinations.B Locating places which attract terrorists.C Detecting drugs and water contamination.D Monitoring food processing.27.A potential problem which might be caused by the use of an artificial nose is ________SSS_SINGLE_SELA negligence of public safetyB an abuse of personal freedomC a hazard to physical healthD a threat to individual privacy28.The word "logged" ( Line 4, Para. 7 ) most probably means "________ ".SSS_SINGLE_SELA presentB enteredC processedD simulated29.To produce artificial noses for practical use, it isessential_________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA to develop microchips with thousands of odor receptorsB to invent chips sensitive to various chemicalsC to design a computer program to sort out smellsD to find chemicals that can alter the electrical current passing through30.The author's attitude towards Larry Myers' works is ________SSS_SINGLE_SELA cautiousB approvingC suspiciousD overenthusiasticPart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure31.When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want, the question ________ a variety of answers.SSS_SINGLE_SELA defiesB magnifiesC mediatesD evokes32.If you want to set up a company, you must ________ with the regulations laid down by the authorities.SSS_SINGLE_SELA complyB adhereC confirmD accord33.Although there are occasional outbreaks of gunfire, we can report that the rebellion has in the main been________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA canceledB destroyedC suppressedD restrained34.Since the two countries couldn't________ their differences, they decided to stop their negotiations.SSS_SINGLE_SELA rectifyB obligeC reconcileD obscure35.The presidential candidate ________ his position by winning several primary elections.SSS_SINGLE_SELA enforcedB enrichedC intensifiedD consolidated36.The fuel of the continental missile is supposed to be ________ bythis device.SSS_SINGLE_SELA ignitedB lightedC firedD inspired37.Mike just discovered that his passport had ________ three months ago.SSS_SINGLE_SELA abolishedB expiredC amendedD constrained38.Frankly speaking, your article is very good except for some ________ mistakes in grammar.SSS_SINGLE_SELA obscureB glaringC trivialD rare39.There was once an________ idea that the earth was fiat and motionless.SSS_SINGLE_SELA absurdB intrinsicC eternalD offensive40.Certain species disappeared or became ________as new forms arose that were better adapted to the Earth's changing environment.SSS_SINGLE_SELA feebleB extinctC massiveD extinguished41.His ________ directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take.SSS_SINGLE_SELA ambiguousB complicatedC arbitraryD intricate42.Franklin D. Roosevelt argued that the depression stemmed from the American economy's ________ flaws.SSS_SINGLE_SELA underliningB vulnerableC vulgarD underlying43.Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was ________ in tropical countries.SSS_SINGLE_SELA prospectiveB prevalentC provocativeD perpetual44.I am afraid that you have to alter your ________ views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived,SSS_SINGLE_SELA indifferentB distressingC optimisticD pessimistic45.Although he has had no formal education, he is one of the ________ businessmen in **pany.SSS_SINGLE_SELA shrewdestB sternestC nastiestD alertest46.Stop shouting! I can't hear the football________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA judgementB interpretationC commentaryD explanation47.The cultures of China and Japan have shared many features, but each has used them according to its national________.SSS_SINGLE_SELA engagementB destinyC capacityD temperament48.Every member of society has to make a________ to struggle for the freedom of the country.SSS_SINGLE_SELA pledgeB warrantyC resolveD guarantee49.I was deeply impressed by the hostess' ________ and enjoyed the dinner party very much.SSS_SINGLE_SELA hostilityB indignationC hospitalityD humanity50.David tends to feel useless and unwanted in a society that gives so much ________ to those **pete well.SSS_SINGLE_SELA prestigeB regimeC superiorityD legislation51.As you have seen, the values of a nation's currency is a ________of its economy.SSS_SINGLE_SELA reactionB reflectionC responseD revelation52.In the Spring Export Commodities Fair the ________ of fine china attracted much attention of customers from all over the world.SSS_SINGLE_SELA successionB arrayC stringD procession53.We should make a clear ________ between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.SSS_SINGLE_SELA separationB discriminationC deviationD distinction54.The terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens, set to ________ when it arrived in New York.SSS_SINGLE_SELA go offB get offC come offD carry off55.We should be able to do the job for you quickly, ________. you give us all the necessary information.SSS_SINGLE_SELA in caseB provided thatC or elseD as if56.The younger person's attraction to stereos cannot be explained only ________ familiarity with technology.SSS_SINGLE_SELA in quest ofB by means ofC in terms ofD by virtue of57.Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were________SSS_SINGLE_SELA in no wayB on the contraryC at a lossD of no avail58.By signing the lease we made a________ to pay a rent of $ 150 a week.SSS_SINGLE_SELA conceptionB commissionC commitmentD confinement59.To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly ________ by a computer.SSS_SINGLE_SELA gradedB managedC conductedD monitored60.Many people think of deserts as ________ regions, but numerous species of plants and animals have adapted to life there.SSS_SINGLE_SELA virginB barrenC voidD wretchedPart Ⅳ ClozeMost people who travel long **plain of jetlag ( 喷气飞行时差反应). Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone (61) making mistakes. It is actually caused by (62) of your "body clock"-- a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological (63) . The body clock is designed for a (64) rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it (65) daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time zone. The (66) of jetlag often persist for days (67) the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.Now a new anti-jetlag system is (68) that is based on proven (69) pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has (70) a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone (71) controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates (72) of the discomfort of jetlag.A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact time to either (73) or avoid bright light. Expo- sure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule (74) light exposure depends a great deal on (75) travel plans.Data on a specific flight itinerary (旅行路线) and the individual's sleep (76) are used to produce a Trip Guide with (77) on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.When the Trip Guide calls (78) bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark out- side, or the weatheris bad, (79) you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special lightdevice to provide the necessary light (80) for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.61.SSS_SINGLE_SELA forB fromC toD of62.SSS_SINGLE_SELA ruptureB corruptionC eruptionD disruption63.SSS_SINGLE_SELA actionsB functionsC reflectionD behavior64.SSS_SINGLE_SELA regularB formalC continualD circular65.SSS_SINGLE_SELA retainsB encountersC possessesD experiences66.SSS_SINGLE_SELA diseasesB symptomsC signsD defects67.SSS_SINGLE_SELA whileB whereasC ifD 'although68.SSS_SINGLE_SELA adaptableB approachableC availableD agreeable69.SSS_SINGLE_SELA boardB inclusiveC tentativeD extensive70.SSS_SINGLE_SELA devisedB recognizedC scrutinizedD visualized71.SSS_SINGLE_SELA atB throughC inD as72.SSS_SINGLE_SELA mostB leastC little73.SSS_SINGLE_SELA attainB shedC retrieveD seek74.SSS_SINGLE_SELA onB withC forD in75.SSS_SINGLE_SELA uniqueB specificC complicatedD peculiar76.SSS_SINGLE_SELA normB modeC patternD style77.SSS_SINGLE_SELA directoriesB instructionsC specificationsD commentaries78.SSS_SINGLE_SELA offB onC for79.SSS_SINGLE_SELA orB andC butD while80.SSS_SINGLE_SELA agitationB spurC accelerationD stimulusPart Ⅴ WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Reading Selectively Or Ex- tensively? You should write at least 120 words, and base **position on the outline (given in Chinese)below:1.1. 有人认为读书要有选择2. 有人认为应当博览群书3. 我的看法Reading Selectively Or ExtensivelySSS_TEXT_QUSTI1。
1995年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案
1995年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) Enjoyable.B) Inspiring.C) Moving.D) Dull.2. A) It will take about one month to repair the watch.B) The woman should have saved more money.C) It is a good idea to keep the old watch.D) The watch is no longer worth repairing.3. A) Arguing.B) Protesting.C) Complaining.D) Bargaining.4. A) Families with cars.B) American’s heavy dependence on cars.C) Roads and highways.D) Traffic problems in America.5. A) The apples and pears might not be so good.B) The apples are not as good as the pears.C) The apples and pears are very good.D) The apples and pears are as good as they look.6. A) Her teaching assistant would grade the exam papers.B) She would collect the exam papers herself.C) She would mark the exam papers herself.D) She would not give her students an exam.7. A) She could help him with the problems.B) He should go out for while.C) She could go out together with him.D) He should do the problems himself.8. A) Customer and salesman.B) Colleagues.C) Employee and boss.D) Classmates.9. A) The first house they saw is too expensive.B) They may save some money for the time being.C) She is happy with the price set by the seller.D) Less money will be spent in maintaining the house.10. A) It was probably Mr. Brown’s phone number that the woman wrote down.B) It was just an hour ago that the man met Mr. Brown.C) The woman forgot to write down the phone number.D) The woman needed a sheet of paper to put down the number.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because they were driven by steam power.B) Because they did the work that animals used to do.C) Because they pulled cars full of coal.D) Because they were made of iron.12. A) He wanted the railroad to be successful.B) He wanted to have a more powerful steam engine.C) He wanted to own the land near the railroad.D) He wanted to build his own railroads.13. A) Because the train could not run as fast as the horse.B) Because the engine failed to build up steam.C) Because the engine broke down and the train stopped.D) Because the engine broke into several parts.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Love.B) Conflict.C) Violence.D) Mystery.15. A) The main character remains the same.B) The main character dies in the end.C) The main character gains his ends.D) The main character undergoes a change.16. A) We can learn how bad persons can improve themselves.B) We can learn how to deal with people.C) We can understand life a little better.D) We can find better ways to cope with conflicts.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 24 are based on the following passage.17. A) Because both have a limited supply of air, water, and other resources.B) Because the Earth moves around the sun as fast as spaceship.C) Because we can travel to outer space.D) Because the Earth never stops moving.18. A) About 80 miles per second.B) About 70 miles per second.C) About 18 miles per second.D) About 17 miles per second.19. A) Because the Earth is heavily polluted.B) Because nature cannot recycle its resources.C) Because there are more and more people living on the Earth.D) Because no more new resources can be added.20. A) Nature has changed our environment over the years.B) We must avoid wasting resources and polluting our environment.C) Our resources are nearly used up.D) Trips to other planets will help eliminate pollution.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we’re partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two thirds or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation can’t be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held notions about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers—all these are being challenged.We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip (集成块), would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow’s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.21. A characteristic of the information age is that ________.A) the service industry is relying more and more on the female work forceB) manufacturing industries are steadily increasingC) people find it harder and harder to earn a living by working in factoriesD) most of the job opportunities can now be found in the service industry22. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that ________.A) the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificantB) people’s traditional concepts about work no longer hold trueC) most people have to take part-time jobsD) people have to change their jobs from time to time23. By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means to say that________.A) people should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of technologyB) future achievements in technology will bring about inconceivable dramaticchangesC) the importance of high technology has been overlookedD) computer science will play a leading role in the future information services24. The future will probably belong to those who ________.A) possess and know how to make use of informationB) give full play to their brain potentialC) involve themselves in service industriesD) cast their minds ahead instead of looking back25. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A) Computers and the Knowledge SocietyB) Service Industries in Modern SocietyC) Features and Implications of the New EraD) Rapid Advancement of Information TechnologyQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine (女性的) and an attractive man more masculine (男性的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualities required.This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Ann Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduates to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.26. The word “liability” (Para. 1. Line 4) most probably means “________”.A) misfortuneB) instabilityC) disadvantageD) burden27. In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness ________.A) reinforces the feminine qualities requiredB) makes women look more honest and capableC) is of primary importance to womenD) often enables women to succeed quickly28. Bowman’s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness________.A) turns out to be an obstacleB) affects men and women alikeC) has as little effect on men as on womenD) is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women29. It can be inferred from the passage that people’s views on beauty are often________.A) practicalB) prejudicedC) old-fashionedD) radical30. The author writes this passage to ________.A) discuss the negative aspects of being attractiveB) give advice to job-seekers who are attractiveC) demand equal rights for womenD) emphasize the importance of appearanceQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to” aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to” material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed.There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modern Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis (诊断) and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.31. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.A) generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern forwriters on journalismB) importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalisticinterviewingC) concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalisticinterviewingD) personal experience and general impression should be excluded fromjournalistic interviews32. Much research has been done on interviews in general ________.A) so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthenedB) though the study of the interviewing techniques hasn’t received much attentionC) but journalistic interviewing as a specific field has unfortunately been neglectedD) and there has also been a dramatic growth in the study of journalisticinterviewing33. Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, ________.A) but most of them wish to stay away from itB) and many of them hope to be interviewed some dayC) and many of them would like to acquire a true understanding of itD) but most of them may not have been interviewed in person34. Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?A) The patient.B) The physician.C) The journalist.D) The psychologist.35. The text is most likely a part of a ________.A) news articleB) journalistic interviewC) research reportD) prefaceQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious (费力的) and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident-the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e.g. Electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful).Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical (新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.36. The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplacewas that ________.A) it was a necessary step in the process of industrializationB) they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC) it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD) the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes37. It can be seen from the passage that in the second stage ________.A) some traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by thehome economyB) the market economy provided new goods and services never produced by thehome economyC) producing traditional goods at home became socially unacceptableD) whether new goods and services were produced by the home economy becameirrelevant38. During the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and services,they had to enter the marketplace ________.A) as wage earnersB) both as manufactures and consumersC) both as workers and purchasersD) as customers39. Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain thenew goods and services because ________.A) the family was not efficient in productionB) it was illegal for the home economy to produce themC) it could not supply them by itselfD) the market for these goods and services was limited40. The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage________.A) the family could rely either on the home economy or on the marketplace for theneeded goods and servicesB) many production processes were being transferred to the marketplaceC) consumers relied more and more on the market economyD) the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplacePart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. Sometimes, very young children have trouble ________ fact from fiction and maybelieve that such things actually exist.A) for separatingB) to separateC) having separatedD) separating42. The second book was ________ by August 1952, but two years later, the end wasstill nowhere in sight.A) completedB) to have completedC) to completeD) to have been completed43. Whatever the causes, English at the end of the 20th century is more widely spokenand written than any other language ________.A) ever wasB) had ever beenC) has ever beenD) would ever be44. In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night and asked toreport what they ________.A) had just been dreamingB) have just been dreamingC) are just dreamingD) had just dreamt45. It is of the utmost importance that you ________ here on time.A) beB) shall beC) are to beD) must be46. He might have been killed ________ the arrival of the police.A) except forB) but forC) withD) for47. These figures are not consistent ________ the results obtained in previousexperiments.A) toB) withC) forD) in48. The animal has a brain which is nearest ________.A) in man’s sizeB) in size to manC) in size to man’sD) to the size in man49. The problem of ________ to select as his successor was quickly disposed of.A) whatB) whomC) whichD) how50. Britain’s press is unusual ________ it is divided into two very different types ofnewspaper: the quality press and the popular press.A) in howB) in whatC) in whichD) in that51. Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis onpressure ________.A) than more on efficiencyB) and more efficiencyC) and more on efficiencyD) than efficiency52. He often sat in small bar drinking considerable more than ________.A) he was in good healthB) his health was goodC) his good health wasD) was good for his health53. All the parts of this washing machine are ________, so that it is very convenient toreplace them.A) normalizedB) modernizedC) mechanizedD) standardized54. I was ________ by their kindness and moved to tears.A) preoccupiedB) embarrassedC) overwhelmedD) counseled55. In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to ________ dreamswere likely to be highly respected.A) interpretB) interveneC) inheritD) impart56. The person who ________ this type of research deserves our praise.A) originatedB) manufacturedC) generatedD) estimated57. All students in this university are requested to ________ with the regulations.A) yieldB) complyC) submitD) consent58. My boss has always attended to the ________ of important business himself.A) transactionB) stimulationC) transitionD) solution59. When he applied for a ________ in the office of the local newspaper he was told tosee the manager.A) locationB) professionC) careerD) position60. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animaldepends mainly on ________.A) consciousnessB) impulseC) instinctD) response61. There’s a whole ________ of bills waiting to be paid.A) stockB) stackC) numberD) sequence62. To be an inventor, one needs profound knowledge as well as a very ________imagination.A) vividB) brightC) livingD) colorful63. In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, ________ schooling begins atage 5 and ends at age 16.A) compellingB) forcedC) obligedD) compulsory64. It is a common theme in many science fiction stories that the world may one day be________ by insects.A) broken inB) run overC) taken overD) filled in65. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is________ conditions or events.A) in response toB) in favour ofC) in contrast toD) in excess of66. David likes country life and has decided to ________ farming.A) get along withB) go back onC) get hold ofD) go in for67. We are ________ faced with the necessity to recognize that having more peopleimplies a lower standard of living.A) readilyB) smoothlyC) inevitablyD) deliberately68. Some people criticize family doctors for ________ too many medicines for minorillnesses.A) prescribingB) orderingC) advisingD) delivering69. Communication is the process of ________ a message from a source to an audiencevia a channel.A) transmittingB) submittingC) transformingD) switching70. Dogs are often praised for their ________; they almost never abandon their masters.A) faithB) loyaltyC) trustD) truthfulnessPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱ used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______ Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ______the______If indeed silence is golden, it is also becoming as rare as gold. It seems that the progresses of man includes a rising volume of noise. (71) In every home a stereo or television will fill the rooms sound, between (72) sunrise and sunset, streets and highways are a constant source of voice from cars, buses, and trucks. You can pass any factory or (73) construction area and the roar of their machinery will make your ears (74) ringing. Music is played in every supermarket, most restaurants, and (75) many offices, big cities of the world are well-known by their noisiness. (76)Noise pollution is the new side effect of our technological age. Day or night, the sound of the work fills the air. It seems (77) that the smoothing effects of silence are nowhere to be found.Even the quiet of our careful protected wilderness areas can be (78) invaded at any moment by a passed jet. (79)We are learning, finally, that silence is a natural resource and must be protected bylaw. It appears that we all find company in sound, if we all demand a little quiet from time to time. (80)Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Should Firecrackers Be Banned? You should write no less than 120words and you should base your composition on the outline (given inChinese) below:1. 有人认为放鞭炮是好事，为什么?2. 有人认为放鞭炮是坏事，为什么?3. 我的看法。
1992年06月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(含答案)
1992年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) She doesn’t like the collar.B) She doesn’t like silk.C) She doesn’t like white dresses.D) She doesn’t think it’s her size.2. A) The scene of the old man’s death shocked her.B) The scene of the old man’s death frightened her.C) The scene of the old man’s death moved her.D) The scene of the old man’s death upset her.3. A) She didn’t get what she wanted.B) She was given a vegetable salad.C) She found the fruit not fresh enough.D) She had been overcharged.4. A) Jim must have copied from John.B) He doesn’t seen to like the two compositions.C) John must have copied from Jim.D) One must have copied from the other.5. A) They want to wear special clothes.B) They want other people to watch them dance.C) They want to celebrate their festivals.D) They want to enjoy themselves.6. A) $40.B) $30.C) $25.D) $14.7. A) An experienced nurse.B) A shop assistant.C) The man’s old friend.D) Secretary of a company.8. A) Jane is sick.B) Jane is with her sister.C) Jane won’t come.D) Jane will call back this evening.9. A) She has to take the final exams.B) She has to get her paper done.C) She’ll celebrate her 25th birthday.D) She will practise typing.10. A) Taking a rest.B) Paying a visit.C) Making a purchase.D) Making an appointment.Section BPassage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) To settle down in the U.S.B) To get his doctor’s degree.C) To become a professor.D) To finish high school.12. A) In the Ministry of Education.B) In the Ministry of Agriculture.C) At a university.D) At a hospital.13. A) Because they think that’s where they belong.B) Because Africa is developing rapidly.C) Because they are drawn by high salaries.D) Because they are drawn by good opportunities.Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) He offered them to those in need.B) He kept them for his own use.C) He sold them to bike shops.D) He gave them to his relatives as Christmas gifts.15. A) He wanted to get the man’s old bike.B) He wanted to know the price of the new bike.C) He wanted to know what was new of the man’s bike.D) He wanted to repair the old bike for the man.16. A) His interest in doing the job.B) His wish to help others.C) His intention to learn a trade.D) His ambition to become known and popular.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) The designer of the White House.B) The first resident of the White House.C) One of the U.S. presidents.D) A specialist of American history.18. A) To add to the beauty of the building.B) To follow the original design.C) To wipe out the stains left behind by the War.D) To make the building look more comfortable.19. A) Right after it was rebuilt.B) During the administration of John Adams.C) When Theodore Roosevelt was president.D) After many other names had been given to it.20. A) It has been changed several times.B) It has never been changed.C) It was changed after the War of 1812.D) It was changed during Roosevelt’s presidency.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.What do Charles Darwin, Nicholas Copernicus and Frank J. Sulloway have in common?The first two, of course, were revolutionary scientific thinkers: Copernicus established that the Earth revolves around the sun; Darwin discovered natural selection. And Sulloway? He’s a historian of science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology who has discovered something else these two men-and, indeed, most of the major pioneers in science over the last 400 years-have in common: they were, like Sulloway himself, preceded in birth by at least one other brother or sister. Birth order, he found, is the most reliable indicator of whether a scientist will embrace or attack radical new ideas.The third of four children, Sulloway has spent 20 years searching out the birth order of 2,784 scientists who were on one side or the other of 28 scientific revolutions since the 16th century. He discovered that 23 of the 28 revolutions were led by later-borns.Sulloway focused on the male-dominated world of science and the sole issue he measured was willingness to challenge established opinions. Those least likely to accept new theories were firstborns with younger brothers or sisters. The most radical were younger sons with at least one older brother.According to Sulloway’s theory, firstborn children identify more readily with parental authority because, among other things, they are often put in charge of younger brothers or sisters.Through this identification, firstborns absorb the norms (规范,准则) and values of society in ways that subsequent children do not. The older child gets responsibility. They younger one tests the limits, tries to see what he can get away with.21. What is the main idea of the passage?A) Later-borns are more intelligent than firstborns.B) Revolutionary thinkers tend to recognize the influence of birth order.C) Major scientists always have something in common in their way of thinking.D) One’s behaviour is often determined by birth order.22. The historian of science mentioned in the passage is of the family.A) the youngest childB) neither the eldest nor the youngest childC) the only childD) the eldest child23. The 2,784 scientists Sulloway studied ________.A) had led 23 of the 28 scientific revolutionsB) were preceded in birth by at least one brother or sisterC) had either supported or opposed revolutionary ideasD) had dominated the world of science for 400 years24. According to Sulloway’s theory, who is most likely to challenge established ideas of science?A) The only son with younger sisters.B) Those who identify more readily with parental authority.C) The only child of a family.D) A person with at least one older brother or sister.25. The author’s attitude towards Sulloway’s birth order theory is ________.A) criticalB) defensiveC) neutralD) inconsistentPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The individual mobility, convenience, and status given by the private passenger car offer a seemingly unbeatable attraction. In 1987, a record 126,000 cars rolled off assembly lines each working day, and close to 400 million vehicles choke up the world’s streets today.But the car’s usefulness to the individual stands in sharp contrast to the costs and burdens that society must shoulder to provide an automobile-centered transportation system. Since the clays of Henry Ford, societies have made a steady stream of laws to protect drivers from each other and themselves, as well as to protect the general public from the unintended effects of massive automobile use. Law makers have struggled over the competing goals of unlimited mobility and the individual’s fight to be free of the noise, pollution, and physical dangers that the automobile often brings.Prior to the seventies, the auto’s usefulness and assured role in society were hardly questioned. Even worries about uprising gas prices and future fuel availability subsided (减退) in the eighties almost as quickly as they had emerged. Car sales recovered, driving is up, and wealthy customers are once more shopping for high performance cars.The motor vehicle industry’s apparent success in dealing with the challenges of the seventies has obscured the harmful long-term trends of automobile centered transportation. Rising gasoline consumption will before long put increased pressure on oil production capacities. In addition, as more and more people can afford their own cars and as mass motorization takes hold, traffic jam becomes a tough problem. And motor vehicles are important contributors to urban air pollution, acid rain, and global warming.Society’s interest in fuel supply security, the integrity of its cities, and protection of the environment calls for a fundamental rethinking of the automobile’s role. Stricter fuel economy and pollution standards are the most obvious and immediate measures that can be adopted. But they can only be part of the answer. In the years ahead, the challenge will be to develop innovative (革新的) transportation policies.26. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?A) A good car indicates its owner’s high social position.B) A good car allows its owner to travel free.C) A car provides its owner with a sense of safety.D) A car adds to its owner’s attractiveness.27. The phrase “rolled off assembly lines” (Para. 1, Lines 2-3) means ________.A) “were turned out from factories”B) “moved along production lines”C) “moved along the streets”D) “were lined up in the streets”28. The passage states that there is ________.A) a sharp contrast between the cost and usefulness of the carsB) a sharp contrast between the cost and performance of the carsC) a sharp conflict between car drivers and traffic rulesD) a sharp contradiction between the convenience of car owners and the burdens of society29. It is implied that the auto’s assured role in society is ________.A) threatened by the rising gas pricesB) challenged by a series of fundamental problemsC) protected by lawD) firmly established30. Stricter fuel economy and pollution standards are ________.A) only part of the solution to massive automobile useB) the best way to cope with the massive use of carsC) innovative transportation policiesD) future policies of the automobile industryPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.While America’s grade-school and high-school system is coming under attack, one fact remains: U.S. universities are among the best in the world. Since World War II, American scientists-mostly working in universities or colleges-have won more than half of all Nobel Prizes in physics and medicine. Foreign students rush to the United States by the tens of thousands; last year they earned more than one quarter of the doctoral degrees awarded in the country. Yet while American universities produce great research and great graduate programme, they some-times pay little attention to the task that lies at their very core: the teaching of undergraduate students.In an era of $20,000 academic years, college presidents can no longer afford to ignore the creeping rot at their core. In speeches and interviews the nation’s higher educators have rediscovered teaching. Robert Rosenzweig, president of the Association of American Un iversities, said: “Our organization was never very concerned about teaching. In the last 18 months, we have spent more time on undergraduate education than on any other subject.”Despite such promising efforts, no one doubts that research still outranks teaching at the leading universities, not least because it is a surer and faster way to earn status. Some people don’t think it has to be that way. They argue that the reward system for college faculty can be changed, so that professors will be encouraged to devote more time and effort to teaching. They say that they are beginning to believe that the 1990s may come to be remembered as the decade of the undergraduate.That would bring ‘it full circle. For more than two centuries after the founding of Harvard College in 1636, the instruction of undergraduate students was an essential condition of American higher education.31. Which of the following would be the best TITLE for this passage?A) University Education in the U.S.B) University Education ChallengedC) Teaching and Research in UniversitiesD) Undergraduate Teaching Rediscovered32. The first sentence in the second paragraph means that ________.A) with a budget of $ 20,000, presidents find it difficult to keep their universities goingB) with the increase in fees, educators feel obliged to improve undergraduate teachingC) with a $ 20,000 budget, presidents find it difficult to stop the creeping rot in their universitiesD) with the decrease in fees, educators can’t afford to lay equal stress on both research and teaching33. According to paragraph 3, some people think that the reward system for teachers should be changedso that ________.A) more emphasis will be laid on teachingB) leading universities can further raise their statusC) effort can be directed to graduate instructionD) the 1990’s will become a decade of the-undergraduate34. According to the passage, at the leading American universities ________.A) research is declining in importanceB) teaching is now ranked above researchC) teaching is a sure way to gain positionD) more importance is attached to research than to teaching35. It is implied in the passage that about 150 years ago undergraduate instruction ________.A) was already threatened by research workB) began to be neglected in most universitiesC) constituted the fundamental part of higher educationD) began to undergo rapid changesPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In the final years before the beginning of the Civil War, the view that the Negro was different, even inferior, was widely held in the United States. At Peoria, Illinois, in October 1854, Abraham Lincoln asked what stand the opponents of slavery should take regarding Negroes.“Free them, and make them politically and socially our equals? My own feelings will not admit ofthis; and if mine would, we well know that those of the great mass, of white people will not.Whether this feeling accords with justice and sound judgement, is not the sole question, if indeed, it is any part of it. A universal feeling, whether well or ill founded, cannot be safely disregarded.We cannot, then, make them equals.”The Lincoln statement was clear and direct, and it doubtless represented the views of most Americans in the 1850’s. Most of those who heard him or read his speech were of the same opinion as he. In later years, the Peoria speech would be used by those who taught to damage Lincoln’s reputation as a champion of the rights of the Negro. In 1964, the White Citizens’Councils reprinted portions of the speech in large advertisements in the daily press and insisted that Lincoln shared their views on the desirability of maintaining two distinct worlds of race.Lincoln could not have overcome the nation’s strong inclination toward racial separation if he had tried. And he did not try very hard. When he set about forming Negro troops later, he was content not only to set Negroes apart in a unit called “U.S. Colored Troops, “but also to have Negro privates (列兵) receive $10 per month including clothing, while whites of the same rank received $13 per month plus clothing. Only the firm refusal of many Negro troops to accept unequal pay finally forced Congress to equalize compensation, for white and Negro soldiers.The fight for union that became also a fight for freedom never became a fight for equality or for the creation of one racial world.36. In 1854, Abraham Lincoln believed that ________.A) it was practical to give equal rights to NegroesB) Negroes should have equal rightsC) racial equality for Negroes was impossibleD) most white people would oppose giving freedom to Negroes37. In the 1850’s, the nation’s inclination toward racial separation was ________.A) disregarded by CongressB) challenged by LincolnC) too strong to overcomeD) based on round judgement38. In 1964, the White Citizens’ Councils reprinted the Peoria speech in order to ________.A) damage Lincoln’s reputationB) defend their own viewpointsC) criticize Lincoln’s views on racial equalityD) defend Lincoln’s reputation39. From the passage, we can conclude that Lincoln ________.A) helped Negroes fight for freedom onlyB) gave Negroes equal payC) treated white and Negro soldiers equallyD) helped to create one racial world40. The purpose of the Civil War was ________.A) to establish equality of all peopleB) to maintain the union of the countryC) to do away with racial separationD) to end racial in justicePart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. Susan stood motionless at the end of the diving board, hands at her side, heels slightly raised, everymuscle ________ action.A) anticipatingB) to anticipateC) anticipatedD) having anticipated42. ________ about the bookkeeper’s honesty, the company asked him to resign.A) There be some questionsB) There are some questionsC) There have been some questionsD) There being some questions43. He ________ his sorrow beneath a cheerful appearance.A) retainedB) concealedC) conceivedD) shielded44. He finished the paintings, ________ for the exhibition.A) for some timeB) in good timeC) from time to timeD) time after time45. But for his courage, the battle ________.A) was lostB) will be lostC) would loseD) would have been lost46. An ambulance must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of ________.A) urgencyB) dangerC) emergencyD) crisis47. Such being the case, I see no ________ for your complaints.A) foundationB) baseC) groundsD) sources48. News writers are expected to be clear and accurate, the form in which they write or speak is________ to that requirement.A) superiorB) secondaryC) inferiorD) contrary49. The soil was so ________ that I was hardly able to force a spade into it.A) muddyB) compactC) slackD) fertile50. The foreign-language publications are growing in volume and ________.A) appreciationB) circumstanceC) rotationD) circulation51. The wine glasses were so ________ that I was afraid to carry them home by bus.A) flexibleB) delicateC) shakyD) tender52. The program has been ________ by lack of funds.A) hamperedB) intervenedC) hammeredD) insulated53. ________, heat is produced.A) Certain chemicals are mixed togetherB) That certain chemicals are mixed togetherC) Whenever certain chemicals are mixed togetherD) The mixing together of certain chemicals54. Captain Jones ________ that he had fired five bullets from Hoffman’s gun and that he had the shellsof those bullets with him.A) purifiedB) magnifiedC) testifiedD) intensified55. Much of the equipment was lying ________ because of a lack of spare parts.A) helplessB) vacantC) idleD) lonely56. ________ does he know that the police are about to arrest him.A) FewB) OnlyC) SeldomD) Little57. By signing this application, I ask that an account ________ for me and a credit card issued as Irequest.A) be openedB) opensC) is openedD) will be opened58. The poor reception on your TV is probably due to outside ________.A) interferenceB) inaccessibilityC) interruptionD) irregularity59. Henry Ford’s introduction of the assembly vastly reduced the time it took ________.A) on making a carB) to make a carC) for making a carD) in making a car60. The latest survey of 50 young couples in that city shows the average cost for a wedding has doubledthe ________ of 1986.A) sizeB) numberC) figureD) quantity61. It was only after the failure of the talks that the government decided to resort ________ force.A) forB) inC) atD) to62. Even though we had been to her house several times before, we did not remember ________.A) what street it was onB) what the street it was onC) what street was it onD) what a street it was on63. The earthquake ________ not have come at a worse time for the war-torn country.A) couldB) mustC) wouldD) might64. In ________ with the new regulations, all tickets must be stamped.A) combinationB) agreementC) connectionD) accordance65. China has greatly ________ its influence in world affairs.A) spreadB) scatteredC) extendedD) distributed66. He asked his sister to look after his children ________ his death.A) in the event ofB) in view ofC) on account ofD) on the edge of67. We are sorry that, because of a fire in our factory, we are unable to fill your order for auto parts. Wesuggest that you order from Jones Supply Company until we are able to ________ production.A) releaseB) recoverC) resumeD) regain68. Lhasa is unique ________ it is the highest city in China.A) thatB) in thatC) for thatD) but that69. Why are you always suspicious ________ anyone who is kind to you?A) ofB) withC) towardsD) for70. ________ rose in his imagination several interesting specimens that had never appeared on earthbefore.A) HereB) ItC) WhereD) TherePart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Markout the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, crossit out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you deletea word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. ______the______It is always interesting to visit another country, for those who have never traveled a great deal.Domestic travel can be very educational for anyone. (71) if he is interested enough to make preparations at beforehand. Learning the language (72) of the new country would be difficult the traveller to attempt, but the benefits of such an (73) effort would become obvious immediately after his arrive. It may not seem important to him when he is comfortably situated at home, but (74) knows how to order a meal or rent a room is essential for the newcomer in a familiar country. (75) Without knowing the language, it is very difficult for the stranger to understand the people of the (76) new country and his customs.Of course, in our small world, it is often possible to find someone who understand our own (77) but this is only second-best for the traveler. To be ensure, he can see places and things without (78) the use of a language, but places and things are the heart of any country. To get the greatest (79) benefit from a trip to another country, it is indeed important for the visitor to have an (80) understanding of the language.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Looking Forward to the Twenty-First Century. Your composition should be based on your answersto the following questions written in Chinese:1. 新世纪科技发展的前景如何?2. 新的科学技术会给社会带来什么好处?3. 新的科学技术会带来什么问题?4. 你怎样对待新世纪的挑战?Your composition should be no less than 120 words.。
2024年6月全国大学英语CET六级真题和答案解析(第一套)
2024年06月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “There is a growing awareness of the importance of digital literacy and skills in today’s world.” You can make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.You should copy the sentence given in quotes at the beginning of your essay.PartⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 witha single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Reply to the man’s last proposal within a short time.B) Sign the agreement if one small change is made to it.C) Make a sponsorship deal for her client at the meeting.D) Give the man some good news regarding the contract.2. A) They are becoming impatient. C) They are used to making alterations.B) They are afraid time is running out. D) They are concerned about the details.3. A) To prevent geographical discrimination. C) To avoid any conflict of interest.B) To tap the food and beverage market. D) To reduce unfair competition.4. A) It is a potential market for food and beverage. C) It is a negligible market for his company.B) It is very attractive for real estate developers. D) It is very different from other markets.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) They are thrilled by a rare astronomic phenomenon.B) They are celebrating a big event on mountain tops.C) They are enthusiastic about big science-related stories.D) They are joined by astronomers all across North America.6. A) It will be the most formidable of its kind in over a century.B) It will come closest to Earth in more than one hundred years.C) It will eclipse many other such events in human history.D) It will be seen most clearly from Denver’s mountain tops.7. A) A blur. C) The edge of our galaxy.B) Stars. D) An ordinary flying object.8. A) Use professional equipment. C) Fix their eyes due north.B) Climb to the nearby heights. D) Make use of phone apps.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Whether consumers should be warned against ultra-processed foods.B) Whether there is sufficient scientific consensus on dietary guidelines.C) Whether guidelines can form the basis for nutrition advice to consumers.D) Whether food scientists will agree on the concept of ultra-processed foods.10. A) By the labor cost for the final products. C) By the extent of chemical alteration.B) By the degree of industrial processing. D) By the convention of classification.11. A) Increased consumers’ expen ses. C) People’s misunderstanding of nutrition.B) Greater risk of chronic diseases. D) Children’s dislike for unprocessed foods.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) They begin to think of the benefits of constraints.B) They try to seek solutions from creative people.C) They try hard to maximize their mental energy.D) They begin to see the world in a different way.13. A) It is characteristic of all creative people.B) It is essential to pushing society forward.C) It is a creative p erson’s response to limitation.D) It is an impetus to socio-economic development.14. A) Scarcity or abundance of resources has little impact on people’s creativity.B) Innovative people are not constrained in connecting unrelated concepts.C) People have no incentive to use available resources in new ways.D) Creative people tend to consume more available resources.15. A) It is key to a company’s survival.B) It shapes and focuses problems.C) It is essential to meeting challenges.D) It thrives best when constrained.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) Because they are learned. C) Because they have to be properly personalized.B) Because they come naturally. D) Because there can be more effective strategies.17. A) The extent of difference and of similarity between the two sides.B) The knowledge of the specific expectation the other side holds.C) The importance of one’s goals and of the relationship.D) The approaches one adopts to conflict management.18. A) The fox. C) The shark.B) The owl. D) The turtle.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Help save species from extinction and boost human health.B) Understand how plants and animals perished over the past.C) Help gather information publicly available to researchers.D) Find out the cause of extinction of Britain’s 66,000 species.20. A) It was once dominated by dinosaurs. C) Its prospects depend on future human behaviour.B) It has entered the sixth mass extinction. D) Its climate change is aggravated by humans.21. A) It dwarfs all other efforts to conserve, protect and restore biodiversity on earth.B) It is costly to get started and requires the joint efforts of thousands of scientists.C) It can help to bring back the large numbers of plants and animals that have gone extinct.D) It is the most exciting, most relevant, most timely and most internationally inspirational.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) Cultural identity. C) The Copernican revolution.B) Social evolution. D) Human individuality.23. A) It is a delusion to be disposed of. C) It is a myth spread by John Donne’s poem.B) It is prevalent even among academics. D) It is rooted in the mindset of the 17th century.24. A) He believes in Copernican philosophical doctrines about the universe.B) He has gained ample scientific evidence at the University of Reading.C) He has found that our inner self and material self are interconnected.D) He contends most of our body cells can only live a few days or weeks.25. A) By coming to see how disruptive such problems have got to be.B) By realising that we all can do our own bit in such endeavours.C) By becoming aware that we are part of a bigger world.D) By making joint efforts resolutely and persistently.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.It’s quite remarkable how different genres of music can spark unique feelings, emotions,and memories. Studies have shown that music can reduce stress and anxiety before surgeriesand we are all attracted toward our own unique life soundtrack.If you’re lo oking to 26 stress, you might want to give classical music a try.The sounds of classical music produce a calming effect letting 27 pleasure-inducing dopamine (多巴胺) in the brain that helps control attention, learning and emotional responses. It can also turn down the body’s stress response, resulting in an overall happier mood. It turns out a pleasant mood can lead to 28 in a person’s thinking.Although there are many great 29 of classical music like Bach, Beethoven and Handel, none of these artists’ music seems to have the same health effects as Mozart’s does. According to researchers, listening to Mozart can increase brain wave activity and improve 30 function. Another study found that the distinctive features of Mozart’s music trigger parts of the brain that are responsible for high-level mental functions. Even maternity 31 use Mozart to help newborn babies adapt to life outside of the mother’s belly.It has been found that listening to classical music 32 reduces a pers on’s blood pressure. Researchers believe that the calming sounds of classical music may help your heart 33 from stress. Classical music can also be a great tool to help people who have trouble sleeping. One study found that students who had trouble sleeping slept better while they were listening to classical music.Whether classical music is something that you listen to on a regular basis or not, it wouldn’t34 to take time out of your day to listen to music that you find 35 . You will be surprised at how good it makes you feel and the potentially positive change in your health.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Curious Case of the Tree That Owns ItselfA)In the city of Athens, Georgia, there exists a rather curious local landmark—a large whiteoak that is almost universally stated to own itself. Because of this, it is considered one of the most famous trees in the world. So how did this tree come to own itself and the land around it?B)Sometime in the 19th century a Georgian called Colonel William Jackson reportedly tooka liking to the said tree and endeavored to protect it from any danger. As to why he loved itso, the earliest documented account of this story is an anonymously written front page article in the Athens Weekly Banner published on August 12, 1890. It states, “Col. Jackson had watched the tree grow from his childhood, and grew to love it almost as he would a human. Its luxuriant leaves and sturdy limbs had often protected him from the heavy rains, and out of its highest branches he had many a time gotten the eggs of the feathered singers.He watched its growth, and when reaching a ripe old age he saw the tree standing in its magnificent proportions, he was pained to think that after his death it would fall into the hands of those who might destroy it.”C)Towards this end, Jackson transferred by means of a deed ownership of the tree and a littleland around it to the tree itself. The deed read, “W. H. Jackson for and in consideration of the great affection which he bears the said tree, and his great desire to see it protected has conveyed unto the said oak tree entire possession of itself and of all land within eight feet of it on all sides.”D)In time, the tree came to be something of a tourist attraction, known as The Tree That OwnsItself. However, in the early 20th century, the tree started showing signs of its slow death, with little that could be done about it. Father time comes for us all eventually, even our often long lived, tall and leafy fellow custodians (看管者) of Earth. Finally, on October 9, 1942, the over 30 meter tall and 200-400 year old tree fell, rumor has it, as a result of a severe windstorm and/or via having previously died and its roots rotted.E)About four years later, members of the Junior Ladies Garden Club (who’d tended to thetree before its unfortunate death) tracked down a small tree grown from a nut taken from the original tree. And so it was that on October 9, 1946, under the direction of Professor Roy Bowden of the College of Agriculture at the University of Georgia, this little tree was transplanted to the location of its ancestor. A couple of months later, an official ceremony was held featuring none other than the Mayor of Athens, Robert L McWhorter, to commemorate the occasion.F)This new tree became known as The Son of the Tree That Owns Itself and it was assumedthat, as the original tree’s heir, it naturally inherited the land it stood on. Of course, there are many dozens of other trees known to exist descending from the original, as people taking a nut from it to grow elsewhere was a certainty. That said, to date, none of the original tree’s other children have petitioned the courts for their share of the land, so it seems all good. In any event, The Son of the Tree That Owns Itself still stands today, though often referred to simply as The Tree That Owns Itself.G)This all brings us around to whether Jackson ever actually gave legal ownership of the treeto itself in the first place and whether such a deed is legally binding.H)Well, to begin with, it turns out Jackson only spent about three years of his life in Athens,starting at the age of 43 from 1829 to 1832, sort of dismissing the idea that he loved the tree from spending time under it as a child and watching it grow, and then worrying about what would happen to it after he died. Further, an extensive search of land ownership records in Athens does not seem to indicate Jackson ever owned the land the tree sits on.I)He did live on a lot of land directly next to it for those three years, but whether he ownedthat land or not isn’t clear. Whatever the case, in 1832 a four acre parcel, which included the land the tree was on and the neighboring land Jackson lived on, among others, was sold to University professor Malthus A Ward. In the transaction, Ward was required to payJackson a sum of $1,200 (about $31,000 today), either for the property itself or simply in compensation for improvements Jackson had made on the lot. In the end, whether he ever owned the neighboring lot or was simply allowed to use it while he allegedly worked at the University, he definitely never owned the lot the tree grew on, which is the most important bit for the topic at hand.J)After Professor Ward purchased the land, Jackson and his family purchased a 655 acre parcel a few miles away and moved there. Ten years later, in 1844, Jackson seemed to have come into financial difficulties and had his little plantation seized by the Clarke County Sheriff’s office and auctioned off to settle the mortgage. Thus, had he owned some land in Athens itself, including the land the tree sat on, presumably he would have sold it to raise funds or otherwise had it taken as well.K)And whatever the case there, Jackson would have known property taxes needed to be paid on the deeded land for the tree to be truly secure in its future. Yet no account or record indicates any trust or the like was set up to facilitate this.L)On top of all this, there is no hard evidence such a deed ever existed, despite the fact that deed records in Athens go back many decades before Jackson’s death in 1876 and that it was supposed to have existed in 1890 in the archives according to the original anonymous news reporter who claims to have seen it.M)As you might imagine from all of this, few give credit to this side of the story. So how did all of this come about then?N)It is speculated to have been invented by the imagination of the said anonymous author at the Athens Weekly Banner in the aforementioned 1890 front page article titled “Deeded to Itself”, which by the way contained several elements that are much more easily proved to be false. As to why the author would do this, it’s speculated perhaps it was a 19th century version of a click-bait thought exercise on whether it would be legal for someone to deed such a non-conscious living thing to itself or not.O)Whatever the case, the next known instance of the Tree That Owns Itself being mentioned wasn’t until 1901 in the Centennial Edition of that same paper, the Athens Weekly Banner.This featured another account very clearly just copying the original article published abouta decade before, only slightly reworded. The next account was in 1906, again in the AthensWeekly Banner, again very clearly copying the original account, only slightly reworded, the 19th century equivalent of re-posts when the audience has forgotten about the original.36. Jackson was said to have transferred his ownership of the oak tree to itself in order to protect it from being destroyed.37. No proof has been found from an extensive search that Jackson had ever owned the land where the oak tree grew.38. When it was raining heavily, Jackson often took shelter under a big tree that is said to own itself.39. There is no evidence that Jackson had made arrangements to pay property taxes for the land on which the oak tree sat.40. Professor Ward paid Jackson over one thousand dollars when purchasing a piece of land from him.41. It is said the tree that owned itself fell in a heavy windstorm.42. The story of the oak tree is suspected to have been invented as a thought exercise.43. Jackson’s little plantation was auctioned off to settle his debt in the mid-19th century.44. An official ceremony was held to celebrate the transplanting of a small tree to where its ancestor had stood.45. The story of the Tree That Owns Itself appeared in the local paper several times, with slight alterations in wording.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.It is irrefutable that employees know the difference between right and wron g. So why don’t more employees intervene when they see someone exhibiting at-risk behavior in the workplace?There are a number of factors that influence whether people intervene. First, they need to be able to see a risky situation beginning to unfold. Second, the company’s culture needs to make them feel safe to speak up. And third, they need to have the communication skills to say something effectively.This is not strictly a workplace problem; it’s a growing problem off the job too. Every day people witness things on the street and choose to stand idly by. This is known as the bystander effect—the more people who witness an event, the less likely anyone in that group is to help the victim. The psychology behind this is called diffusion of responsibility. Basically, the larger the crowd, the more people assume that someone else will take care of it—meaning no one effectively intervenes or acts in a moment of need.This crowd mentality is strong enough for people to evade their known responsibilities. But it’s not only frontline workers who don’t make safety i nterventions in the workplace. There are also instances where supervisors do not intervene either.When a group of employees sees unsafe behavior not being addressed at a leadership level it creates the precedent that this is how these situations should be addressed, thus defining the safety culture for everyone.Despite the fact that workers are encouraged to intervene when they observe unsafe operations, this happens less than half of the time. Fear is the ultimate factor in not intervening. There is a fear of penalty, a fear that they’ll have to do more work if they intervene. Unsuccessful attempts in the past are another strong contributing factor to why people don’t intervene—they tend to prefer to defer that action to someone else for all future situations.On many worksites, competent workers must be appointed. Part of their job is to intervene when workers perform a task without the proper equipment or if the conditions are unsafe. Competent workers are also required to stop work from continuing when there’s a danger.Supervisors also play a critical role. Even if a competent person isn’t required, supervisors need a broad set of skills to not only identify and alleviate workplace hazards but also build a safety climate within their team that supports intervening and open communication among them.Beyond competent workers and supervisors, it’s important to educate everyon e within the organization that they are obliged to intervene if they witness a possible unsafe act, whether you’re a designated competent person, a supervisor or a frontline worker.46. What is one of the factors contributing to failure of intervention in face of risky behavior in the workplace?A) Slack supervision style. C) Unforeseeable risk.B) Unfavorable workplace culture. D) Blocked communication.47. What does the author mean by “diffusion of responsibility” (Line 4, Para. 3)?A) The more people are around, the more they need to worry about their personal safety.B) The more people who witness an event, the less likely anyone will venture to participate.C) The more people idling around on the street, the more likely they need taking care of.D) The more people are around, the less chance someone will step forward to intervene.48. What happens when unsafe behavior at the workplace is not addressed by the leaders?A) No one will intervene when they see similar behaviors.B) Everyone will see it as the easiest way to deal with crisis.C) Workers have to take extra caution executing their duties.D) Workers are left to take care of the emergency themselves.49. What is the ultimate reason workers won’t act when they see unsafe operations?A) Preference of deferring the action to others. C) Fear of being isolated by coworkers.B) Anticipation of leadership intervention. D) Fear of having to do more work.50. What is critical to ensuring workplace safety?A) Workers be trained to operate their equipment properly.B) Workers exhibiting at-risk behavior be strictly disciplined.C) Supervisors create a safety environment for timely intervention.D) Supervisors conduct effective communication with frontline workers.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The term “environmentalist” can mean different things. It used to refer to people trying to protect wildlife and natural ecosystems. In the 21st century, the term has evolved to capture the need to combat human-made climate change.The distinction between these two strands of environmentalism is the cause of a split within the scientific community about nuclear energy.On one side are purists who believe nuclear power isn’t worth the risk and the exclusive solution to the climate crisis is renewable energy. The opposing side agrees that renewables are crucial, but says society needs an amount of power available to meet consumers’ basic demands when the sun isn’t shining and the wind isn’t blowing. Nuclear energy, being far cleaner than oil, gas and coal, is a natural option, especially where hydroelectric capacity is limited.Leon Clarke, who helped author reports for the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, isn’t an uncritical supporter of nuclear energy, but says it’s a valuable option to have i f we’re serious about reaching carbon neutrality.“Core to all of this is the degree to which you think we can actually meet climate goals with 100% renewables,” he said. “If you don’t believe we can do it, and you care about the climate, you are forced to think about something like nuclear.”The achievability of universal 100% renewability is similarly contentious. Cities such as Burlington, Vermont, have been “100% renewable” for years. But these cities often have s mall populations, occasionally still rely on fossil fuel energy and have significant renewable resources at their immediate disposal. Meanwhile, countries that manage to run off renewables typically do so thanks to extraordinary hydroelectric capabilities.Germany stands as the best case study for a large, industrialized country pushing into green energy. Chancellor Angela Merkel in 2011 announced Energiewende, an energy transition that would phase out nuclear and coal while phasing in renewables. Wind and solar power generation has increased over 400% since 2010, and renewables provided 46% of the country’s electricity in 2019.But progress has halted in recent years. The instability of renewables doe sn’t just mean energy is often not produced at night, but also that solar and wind can overwhelm the grid during the day, forcing utilities to pay customers to use their electricity. Lagging grid infrastructure struggles to transport this overabundance of green energy from Germany’s north to its industrial south, meaning many factories still run on coal and gas. The political limit has also been reached in some places, with citizens meeting the construction of new wind turbines with loud protests.The result is that Germany’s greenhouse gas emissions have fallen by around 11.5% since 2010—slower than the EU average of 13.5%.51. What accounts for the divide within the scientific community about nuclear energy?A) Attention to combating human-made climate change.B) Emphasis on protecting wildlife and natural ecosystems.C) Evolution of the term ‘green energy’ over the last century.D) Adherence to different interpretations of environmentalism.52. What is the solution to energy shortage proposed by purists’ opponents?A) Relying on renewables firmly and exclusively.B) Using fossil fuel and green energy alternately.C) Opting for nuclear energy when necessary.D) Limiting people’s non-basic consumption.53. What point does the author want to make with cities like Burlington as an example?A) It is controversial whether the goal of the whole world’s exclusive dependence on renewables is attainable.B) It is contentious whether cities with large populations have renewable resources at their immediate disposal.C) It is arguable whether cities that manage to run off renewables have sustainable hydroelectric capabilities.D) It is debatable whether traditional fossil fuel energy can be done away with entirely throughout the world.54. What do we learn about Germany regarding renewable energy?A) It has increased its wind and solar power generation four times over the last two decades.B) It represents a good example of a major industrialized country promoting green energy.C) It relies on renewable energy to generate more than half of its electricity.D) It has succeeded in reaching the goal of energy transition set by Merkel.55. What may be one of the reasons for Germany’s progress having halted in recent years?A) Its grid infrastructure’s capacity has fallen behind its development of green energy.B) Its overabundance of green energy has forced power plants to suspend operation during daytime.C) Its industrial south is used to running factories on conventional energy supplies.D) Its renewable energy supplies are unstable both at night and during the day.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的传统婚礼习俗历史悠久，从周朝开始就逐渐形成了一套完整的婚礼仪式，有些一直沿用至今。
大学英语六级真题1999年06月
大学英语六级真题1999年06月(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension{{/B}}(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Section ASection A（分数：5.00）A.The man attended the concert, but didn't like it.B.That was sorry to miss the football game.C.The man is more interested in football than in classical music. √D.The man was sorry that he didn't attend the concert.解析：[听力原文] W: It's a pity you missed the concert yesterday evening. It was wonderful! M: I didn't want to miss the football game. Well, I'm not a classical music fan anyway. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?A.Singing loudly.B.Listening to music. √C.Studying.D.Talking on the phone.解析：[听力原文] W: Hey! If you can't enjoy that at a sensible volume, please use earphones. I'm trying to study. M: Oh! I'm sorry, I didn't realize it was bothering you. Q: What is the man probably doing?A.She can't receive any calls. √B.She can't make any calls.C.She can do nothing with the phone.D.She can't repair the phone.解析：[听力原文] M: Can I help you, Miss? W: Yes, I bought this telephone last week, and it works all right with out-going calls, but it doesn't ring for the incoming ones. Q: What's the problem with the woman's telephone?A.Tom is very responsible.B.Tom's words aren't reliable. √C.What Tom said is true.D.Tom is not humorous at all.解析：[听力原文] W: I thought Tom said he got A's in all his tests. M: Mary, you should know better than to take Tom's words too seriously. Q: What does the man imply?A.How to use a camera. √B.How to use a washer.C.How to use a keyboard.D.How to use a tape recorder.解析：[听力原文] W: Can you show me how to use this, John? M: It's fully automatic. All you have to do is focus on the scene and press the button here. Q: What are they talking about?（分数：5.00）A.They should put the meeting to an end.B.They should hold another meeting to discuss the matter.C.She would like to discuss another item.D.She wants to discuss the issue again later. √解析：[听力原文] M: I think we should move on to the next item. W: OK. But I'd like to take this matter up again at the end of the meeting. Q: What does the woman imply?A.He believes the Browns have done a sensible thing.B.He doesn't think the Browns should move to another place.C.He doesn't think the Browns' investment is a wise move. √D.He believes it is better for the Browns to invest later.解析：[听力原文] W: You know, the Browns have invested all their money in stocks. M: They may think that's a wise move. But that's the last thing I'd do. Q: What's the man's opinion about the Browns' investment?A.He may convert it and use it as a restaurant. √B.He may pull it down and build a new restaurant.C.He may rent it out for use as a restaurant.D.He may sell it to the owner of a restaurant.解析：[听力原文] M: What is Mr. Peterson going to do with his old house on London Road? Rent it or sell it? W: I heard he's thinking of turning it into a restaurant, which isn't a bad idea, because it's still a solid building. Q: What will Mr. Peterson do with his old house?A.She doesn't like the way the professor lectures.B.She's having a hard time following the professor's lectures.C.She is not interested in the course.D.She's having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments. √解析：[听力原文] M: How do you like Professor Bachman's course on the History of Philosophy? He is a distinguished scholar on that subject. W: He is a great teacher. But I'm having a hard time with the reading list. I feel I can't ever finish it. Q: What problem does the woman have with the course?A.He never keeps his promises.B.He is crazy about parties.C.He has changed his mind. √D.He is not sociable.解析：[听力原文] W: Robert wants to know if he can go with us to the party. M: That's odd. This morning he said he wanted to go by himself. Q: What do we learn about Robert?二、{{B}}Section B{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：10.00)President Clinton later today joins (S1)________ President Ford. Carter and Bush at "the president's summit or America s future (S2) ________ at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school, weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children. Mr. Clinton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three (S3) ________ dollars to fund a five-year program called "America Reads". The program would fund the (S4,) ________ efforts of 20 thousand reading (S5) ________ and it would also give (S6) ________ to help parents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight. During his Saturday radio (S7) ________, the president explained why the program is important; "we 'need ' America Reads' and we need it now. Studies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well, (S8)____________________. But, 40 percent of them still can't read at a basic level." Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding are being used in literacy and tutoring programs.(S9)__________________________________________________. The president says many of the Philadelphia summits' corporate sponsors will recruit tutors. (S10) _________________________. President Clinton later today joins (S1)________ President Ford. Carter and Bush at "the president's summit or America s future (S2) ________ at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school, weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children. Mr. Clinton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three (S3) ________ dollars to fund a five-year program called "America Reads". The program would fund the (S4,) ________ efforts of 20 thousand reading (S5) ________ and it would also give (S6) ________ to help parents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight. During his Saturday radio (S7) ________, the president explained why the program is important; "we 'need ' America Reads' and we need it now. Studies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well, (S8)____________________. But, 40 percent ofthem still can't read at a basic level." Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding are being used in literacy and tutoring programs.(S9)__________________________________________________. The president says many of the Philadelphia summits' corporate sponsors will recruit tutors. (S10) _________________________.（分数：10.00）S1填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：former）解析：S2填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：aimed）解析：S3填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：billion）解析：S4填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：coordination）解析：S5填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：specialists）解析：S6填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：grants）解析：S7填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：address）解析：S8填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：they are likely to drop out of school and less likely to succeed in life）解析：S9填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：The program, initiated by President Clinton, has come under criticism by Congress）解析：(10).S10（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Dozens of colleges and universities are prepared to send thousands of their students in support of the program）解析：三、{{B}}Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension{{/B}}(总题数：5，分数：10.00)udenslager's experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who could turn off the electricity________.（分数：2.00）A.was strengthenedB.was not affected √C.was alteredD.was weakened解析：辨认事实题。
大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案
大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案2017年大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案明确的目标是前进的动力。
只有确定了目标，才能朝着这个方向努力，下面是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案，希望大家能有所收获，Part I Writing.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to judge a person by their appearance. You can give examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Section A2、Questions2-11 are based on the following passage.Fear can be an effective way to change behavior. One study compared the effects of high, fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to the dental hygiene(卫生).One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of(36)_____teeth and diseased gums;another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth，charts，and graphs.Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater(37)_____to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did.But were these reactions actually(38)_____into better dental hygiene practices? To answer thisimportant question，subjects were called back to thelaboratory on two(39)_____(five days and six weeks after the experiment..They chewed disclosing wafers(牙疾诊断片)that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct(40)_____of how well they were really taking care of their teeth.The result showed that the high.fear appeal did actually result in greater and more(41)_____changes in dental hygiene.That is，the subjects(42)_____to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more(43)_____than did those who saw low-fear warnings.However, to be all effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people be given(44)_____guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear.If this isn’t done，they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the(45)_____of the communicator.If that happens，it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。