完成句子固定搭配总结

职称英语完成句子做题技巧

-------如何使用固定搭配和语法来判断答案

提示：科学做题，切记一切最终要以原文为依据！方法不是唯一的。如果下面方法不能确定最终答案，大家要根据原文来确定最终答案。O(∩_∩)O~

各位同学请注意，完成句子这部分题中，包括两部分：1. 固定搭配，2.语法知识点。是根据历年考题真题的考试特点和一贯的考试方式总结出来的，由于完成句子部分一共是4分，我们在考试过程当中，要遵循“先会先答”的原则，即，如果能一眼根据固定搭配、语法意义、以及意义相通（意义要通顺，横线内容和前面句子意思不矛盾）的原则来进行判断正确答案。在这里大家要遵循一个固定的模式：

1，根据固定搭配意义：首先先浏览四个未完成句子意思，然后浏览下面A-F六个选项，如果能根据固定搭配一眼识别出答案的，先把答案写在答题卡上，确保拿到一分。（这步无需把A-F六个选项意思弄明白，只需单纯根据固定搭配即可判断答案。）

2，如果根据固定搭配不行，我们再根据语法意义，例如，出现介词后面一般是动名词、名称短语，and. or, as well as,等等这些词，其后面的划线部分必然是平行结构成分，即前面是名词则后面也是名词，前面是动词原形后面也必然是动词原形，前面是名词短语，后面也相应的是名词短语，他们就好像是捆绑在一起的双胞胎；当然还有by, on, for, in, into,as等介词，后面划横线的必然也是这些介词的语法意义来确定答案。例如 He want to get a note as well as______.

(note 是名词，横线后面必然是和notice保持一致)。as well as 换成 and, or 方法一样。

（注意：这一步中，如果出现2个或者2个以上符合语法的选项，则需要我们看懂A-F这六项的意思是什么，因为需要把适合语法的选项带到未完成句子中，看哪句意思是通顺且意义一致，即是正确答案，如果前后矛盾，或者风马牛不相及，则必然不是正确答案,如果意义想通，那么则需要回到原文中进行判断了。）

3. 通过以上方法我们一般可以正确拿到1-2分是没问题的。（再次强调：如果根据语法进行判断的话，有两项或者两项以上符合答案的，需要进一步根据意义相通原则，判断哪个句子能够使得句子意思圆满，如果依然还是不能确定，则需要我们找到未完成句子的关键词，通过关键词回到原文中。一般情况，根据上面1.2.两项技巧，我们可以正确拿到3分，则剩下一项，也就是A-F中已经确定3个是正确答案，还剩下3个选项，也就是3选1，这时，如果上面技巧都行不通，我们就需要根据关键词找到相关段落，根据原文内容，确定正确答案了。）

温馨提示：以上方法是一种比较实用和快捷的有效方法，如果大家在尝试过程中，因为基础或者其他原因不太适合自己，劝则大家还是使用以前你觉得不错的方法即可，切不可生拉硬套。\(^o^)/~

接下来是就这部分的固定搭配和这部分常考察到的语法总结【见下页】

一、根据固定搭配来判断：

?increase + by…. …增加了多少，后面一般要跟百分比，

例：increase by over 50 percent

?recognized+ as…认为是…. ；被当作…

例：he is recognized as the first one in the Olympic Games as a sportsman.

他被认为第一位以运动员的身份出现在奥林匹克运动场上。

?use+…..for …. 用…来做…使用

例：People used coal for energy needs. 人们用煤做能源使用。

?bring +for sb sth. 给某人带来…

例：They bring for their friends a lot of (a number of ) food.

?stay away from+名词词组或者动名词

You should stay away from fires and glasses.

?be(are, is) of+抽象名词或者词组形式相当于形容词。

例：be of value ; be of interest; be of importance ; be of existence

A newly formed black hole and the star it comes from are of the existence of

black holes. 这里are of the existence=are existed.

?动词不定式类：

大家注意：出现动词不定式，后面必须要跟【动词原形】

也就是说后面不能是名词、形容词、或者名词短语。

例：Toll hopes his Pulse PEVO will encourage people to get on bikes.

这里出现encourage to do.. 所以不能跟名词短语，或者名词。必须要跟动词原形的动词词组get….。

动词不定式所有短语常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结

决定做某事decide to do sth.

需要某人做某事need to do sth. 或者 need to be….

尽力/努力做某事try to do sth

计划做某事plan to do sth.

拒绝做某事refuse to do sth.

告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.

请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.

帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do

encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做

★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是……

（当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of）

例句: It is easy for me to learn it well.

★ It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间

1. It takes me an hour to get to school by bike.

★序数词+to do 第…个做某事

例句:He is the first to get there.

?由 and, or, as well as, both...and... ；neither..nor..； either…or.. ；not

only..but also.. rather..than…这些固定搭配，如果出现了前者，那么必然出现后者。所以如果这些固定搭配真出现在未划线句子中，那么选项中必定会有与之搭配的词，选之即可。

例：MS affects the communication of nerve cells between the body and the brain

and 引导的并列结构短语，前面是the body,后面必然是和这个结构一样的the brain.所以直接选择答案即可。

?There is no+adj+n+ that…..

例如：

conventional ones. 必选带“ that”从句。

?help_________. 一般是帮助“提高、改进、改善”等搭配。例：

help improve…. help realize… help cope with…

?avoid+ doing，后面一般是动词的ing形式。

?the key to +动词原形

?work on: 固定搭配

?be proud of …以.. 为骄傲

?develop from…从…发展而来

?many+可数名词复数形式

?be scare of +名词短语

?be good at+ 动词ing :擅长做某事

?as much as…

?

二．根据语法来判断 (可以逐渐减少排除范围)

1. 修饰类

a.形容词+修饰名词或（名词词组）

A powerful hurricane may become the most destructive__ .因为

destructive是形容词，所以横线必出现修饰中心语为名词的短语或者单词。

b. is (was)+形容词

The old man sitting on the seat is +quite and polite. (quite和polite都是形容词)

c. 副词+形容词

Noble gases are not very chemically +reactive. Chemically是副词，必然出现形

容词reactive.

d. 句子中出现 make, keep等，后面跟形容词或者形容词短语

Smog (雾霾) may make（keep） health more serious 雾霾会使得病人健康更加严

重，serious是形容词。

e. 情态动词后面跟动词原形，如果现象中出现过去式，进行时，过去分词，而不是动词

原形，则直接排除。动词原形一般由may, could, can, should ,shall, ought to, could

等，这些词后面必定是跟动词原形。

2. 被动语态考察：be动词+过去分词+by, 一般出现这种模式，后面换线部分必然出现by引导

的句子。有时by不出现。此外页有以下几种被动语态形式：如

is(was)+过去分词例： it was developed by… was built by…

to be+过去分词例: to be eaten.

3. 介词词组+名词短语

equipped with+名词短语，构成合乎语法和意义的句子。

4. 谓语动词+宾语（名词词组）

become（变得）、encounter(遭受), change(改变)，measure（测量），improve(改善)

5. 各种从句

a）. 强调句后必须使用that引导。结构it is(was)+强调部分 that +其他，这里同学们一定

要看清楚是不是强调句型，如果是，直接从A-F选项里选出有that的从句。It is from the sun that we get light and heat

b）. 定语从句进行判断。一般定语从句是修饰主语的，所以在这里大家要看清楚未完成句子成分，如果是缺少修饰主语的成分，则必定是属定语从句，所以也就想到which, who that,

where,when whom,等引导的定语从句，至于选择哪个定语词，则根据题中主语来判断，如果

是修饰人则选带有who, whom, 如果是修饰地点则选择where, 如果是修饰物做主语，则选择

which, that项即可。例：Fifth Avenue is the place where the wealthy people would go

shopping.显然，这里缺少一个修饰place的地点定语从句，因此直接从选项里选择带有where

的句子即可。

例：Ray Kurzweil works with computers to help people who have disabilities.

这里缺少修饰people 定语从句，因此选择了who引导的定语从句。

c）. 根据非限制性定语从句进行判断。这个方法非常好。记住:

这样的句型：One of the most common signs of Parkinson’s is

如果横线和句子间有一个“，”逗号隔开，这种情况下一定是非限制性从句，在这种情况

下，即使闭着眼也要找到which引导的从句。如果选项里有which引导的，答案一定是它。

如果有两个都是which，则需要进一步判断。

6. 比较级。比较级考查的也很多。比较级标志是“more”，“than”等。或者出现动词比较级例

如：longer, larger, bigger等标志，一旦出现比较级，则要找出比较的两个对象，

例如：Young adults might have a higher chance of developing the disease than the

elderly people. 这里明显有一个“than”，因此找出比较的对象，比较对象是Young

adults, 因此和他对应的必然是老年人，所以直接选择the elderly people即可。

又如：play-lovers who are interested in what is unusual, the small theaters

attractive than the world famous Broadway.因为前面有一个more,所以选项里肯定有“than”。所以直接选择正确选项即可。

7. because+一定跟完整句子，注意是完整的句子，包括主语谓语宾语等；不能跟动词短语。

because of+名词短语，不跟完整句子, 也不跟带有动词ing形式的句子。

例：Music can treat patients partly because+ it improves general well-being.

8. be likely to+动词原形。不跟完整句子。注意！！！！

disease quickly

这里的recover是动词原形。

附录：

职称英语概括大意和完成句子题答题技巧

1. 出题思路

书内共编写15篇短文，每篇下面都分成两个部分：一是概括大意；二是完成句子。每小题1分，共8分。

概括大意：要求对四个指定的段落作出概括，从给出的A-F六项中挑选出你认为正确的一项来概括某一段落。有两项属于干扰项。其目的是考核学员对指定段落的理解和概括能力。

完成句子：给出4个不完整的句子，要求从A-F六项中挑出你认为正确的一项补充到某一句中，使其合乎逻辑，通顺达意。有两个干扰项。其目的是考核学员队语法结构及逻辑关系的理解能力。

2. 解题步骤

概括大意部分：（1）先看A-F6项（2）后按指定段落回到短文。

完成句子部分：（1）先看4个不完整句子的语法结构。（2）后看A-F 6项

3. 解题的方法和技巧

概括大意部分：

（1）先快速将A-F6项翻译过来。

（2）回到指定段落，要重点盯住每一段的第一句，第二句或最后一句，对照A-F6项，选出正确一项。

完成句子部分：

（1）重点盯住每句短线的“前”与“后”，依据语法结构，采取“各取所需”进行选项。

（2）如无法进行，采取“上”“下”相通相顺进行选项

（3）如还无法进行，就要按照“信息词”回归到原文，找到原句看懂，再进行选项。

Heartbeat of America

1. New York － the Statue of Liberty, the skyscrapers, the beautiful shops on Fifth Avenue and the many theaters on Broadway. This is America's cultural capital. It is also her biggest city, with a population of nearly 8 million. In the summer it is hot, hot, hot and in the winter it can be very cold. Still there are hundreds of things to do and see all the year round.

2. Manhattan is the real center of the city. When people say “New York City,” they usually mean Manhattan. Most of the interesting shops, buildings and museums are here. In addition, Manhattan is the scene of New York's busy night life. In 1605 the first Europeans came to Manhattan from Holland. They bought the island from the Native Americans for a few glass necklaces worth about $26 today.

3. Wall street in Manhattan is the financial heart of the USA. It is also the most important banking center in the world. It is a street of “skyscrapers.” These are those incredible, high buildings, which Americans invented, and built faster and higher than anyone else. Perhaps the two most spectacular skyscrapers in New York are the two towers of the New York World Trade Center. When the sun sets, their 110 floors shine like pure gold.

4. Like every big city, New York has its own traffic system.Traffic jams can be terrible. It's usually quickest to go by subway. The New York subway is easy to use and quite cheap. The subway goes to almost every corner of Manhattan. But it is not safe to take the subway late at night because in some places you could get robbed. New York buses are also easy to use. You see more if you go by bus. There are more than 30,000 taxis in New York. They are easy to see, because they are bright yellow and carry large TAXI signs. Taxis do not go outside the city. However, they will go to the airports. In addition to the taxi fare, people give the taxi driver a tip of 15 percent of the fare's value.

5. Central Park is a beautiful green oasis in the middle of New York's concrete desert. It is surprisingly big, with lakes and woods, as well as organized recreation areas. New Yorkers love Central Park, and they use it all the time. In the winter, they go ice-skating, and in the summer roller-skating. They play ball, ride horses and have picnics. They go bicycling and boating. There is even a children's zoo, with wild birds and animals.

6. Along the east side of Central Park runs Fifth Avenue, once called “Millionaire's Row.”In the 19th century, the richest men in America built their magnificent homes here. It is still the most fashionable street in the city, with famous department stores.

7. Broadway is the street where you will find New York's best-known theaters. But away from the bright lights and elegant clothes of Broadway are many smaller theaters. Their plays are called “off-Broad-way” and are often more unusual than the Broadway shows. As well as many theaters, New York has a famous opera house. This is the Metropolitan, where international stars sing from September until April. Carnegie Hall is the city's more popular concert hall. But night life in New York offers more than classical music and theater. There are hundreds of nightclubs where people go to eat and dance.

概括大意解题思路：概括大意的解题思路我们采取先翻译选项或者划出A-F六项的关键词的方法，然后在原文的中心句中找关键词或者同义改写确定答案，所以我们先划A-F六项的信息词，A选项的信息词:financial center,B选项的信息词：night life, C选项的信息词：traffic facilities，D选项信息词：shopping center for the rich， E选项的信息词：international city，F选项的信息词：central park，place of recreation。

练习

（1）Paragraph 3_____A_______.

解题思路：这道题让我们概括第三段的大意，我们首先要找到第三段的中心句，第三段的中心句是：Wall street in Manhattan is the financial heart of the USA.这个句子里heart是center的同义词，所以我们可以确定该中心句出现了A选项的信息词financial center，所以这道题答案选择A。

（2）Paragraph 4_____C_______.

解题思路：这道题让我们概括第四段的大意，我们首先要找到第四段的中心句，第四段的中心句是：Like every big city, New York has its own traffic system.我们可以看到第四段的中心句中出现了C选项的信息词traffic 所以这道题目答案选择C。

（3）Paragraph 5_____F_______.

解题思路：这道题让我们概括第五段的大意，我们首先要找到第五段的中心句，第五段的中心句是：Central Park is a beautiful green oasis in the middle of New York's concrete desert.我们可以看到第五段的中心句中出现了F选项的信息词central park，所以这道题选择F。

（4）Paragraph 6_____D_______.

解题思路：这道题让我们概括第六段的大意。我们首先找到第六段的中心句，第六段的中心句是： Along the east side of Central Park runs

Fifth Avenue, once called “Millionaire's Row.” Millionaire's row的意思是百万富翁的天堂的意思，和选项D的富人的购物中心意思是一致的，所以这道题答案选择D。

A.The Financial Center of USA

B. The Night Life in New York

C. The Traffic Facilities of New York

D. Shopping Center for the Rich

E. New York——an International City

F. Central Park——a Place of Recreation for the New Yorkers.

完成句子解题思路：完成句子我们要首先看到是否有固定搭配如果没法走固定搭配这条路，我们就采用相通相顺的办法，实在不行我们就使用查读法。

5．The island of Manhattan was bought by the Hollanders from the native Americans___F___.

解题思路：这道题目我们根据之前的句子成分的知识可以知道这是一个完整的句子，所以我们可以确定的是横线处的成分缺少的是一个状语从句。A-F六项中只有F项的for可以引导方式状语从句，所以这道题目答案选择F。

6. Central Park is a good place where the New Yorkers can go and___A___ .

解题思路：这道题目我们看到题目后有个and, and表示一个并列结构，所以and连接的两个词的时态，感情色彩应该是一样的，and 前面是go,是动词原形，所以and后面也应该是动词原形，选项中只有A选项和F选项是动词原形开头，我们走相通相顺，题干的意思是中央公园是一个纽约人可以去....的好地方，A选项是做任何他们喜欢的放松的事情，D选项享受城市的夜生活。我们看到原文中对Central Park 中央公园的描述说Central Park is a beautiful green oasis in the middle of New York's concrete desert. It is surprisingly big, with lakes and woods, as well as organized recreation areas。最后一句中有一个recreation,是relax的同义词，所以可以知道中央公园是人们放松，享受的地方，所以答案选择A。

7. Fifth Avenue is the place___E___ .

解题思路：这道题我们看到句子缺乏的是一个修饰名词的成分，根据句子成分的知识，我们可以知道这里缺少的是一个定语从句，选项中B选项是一个where引导的定语从句，表示地点，和先行词place表示的地点相符合，所以这倒个题目答案选择B。

8. For those play-lovers who are interested in what is unusual, the small theaters might be more attractive___C___ .

解题思路：这道题目我们看到句子中出现了比较级more,根据比较级的相关知识，比较级后一般会出现than，所以我们看到选项，选项中只有C选项出现了than，所以这道题答案选C。

A do whatever they like for relaxation

B where you can play all kinds of ball games

C than the world famous Broadway

D enjoy the colorful night life of the city

E where the wealthy people would go shopping

F for what seems to be a very small sum today

.