英语菜名命名方法
学英语让我们从记疏菜名开始
学英语让我们从记疏菜名开始蔬菜与调味品:string bean 四季豆pea 豌豆green soy bean 毛豆soybean sprout 黄豆芽mung bean sprout 绿豆芽bean sprout 豆芽kale 甘蓝菜cabbage 包心菜; 大白菜broccoli 花椰菜mater convolvulus 空心菜dried lily flower 金针菜mustard leaf 芥菜celery 芹菜tarragon 蒿菜beetroot 甜菜根lettuce 生菜spinach 菠菜leek 韭菜caraway 香菜preserved szechuan pickle 榨菜salted vegetable 雪里红lettuce 莴苣asparagus 芦荟bamboo shoot 竹笋dried bamboo shoot 笋干carrot 胡萝卜radish 白萝卜turnip 红心萝卜water chestnut 荸荠long crooked squash 菜瓜loofah 丝瓜pumpkin 南瓜bitter gourd 苦瓜cucumber 黄瓜white gourd 冬瓜gherkin 小黄瓜yam 山芋taro 芋头champignon 香菇needle mushroom 金针菇dried mushroom 冬菇tomato 番茄eggplant 茄子potato, spud 马铃薯lotus root 莲藕agaric 木耳white fungus 百木耳ginger 生姜garlic 大蒜garlic bulb 蒜头green onion 葱onion 洋葱scallion, leek 青葱wheat gluten 面筋miso 味噌seasoning 调味品caviar 鱼子酱barbeque sauce 沙茶酱tomato ketchup, tomato sauce 番茄酱mustard 芥末salt 盐sugar 糖vinegar 醋sweet 甜sour 酸bitter 苦lard 猪油peanut oil 花生油soy sauce 酱油green pepper 青椒paprika 红椒star anise 八角cinnamon 肉挂curry 咖喱maltose 麦芽糖豆浆Soybean milk烧饼Clay oven rolls榨菜肉丝面Pork, pickled mustard green noodles 油条Fried bread stick米粉Rice noodles水饺（Boiled）dumplings紫菜汤Seaweed soup馒头steamed buns, steamed bread 牡蛎汤Oyster soup饭团Rice and vegetable roll蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup皮蛋100-year egg鱼丸汤Fish ball soup咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg臭豆腐Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu)稀饭Rice porridge油豆腐Oily bean curd白饭Plain white rice虾球Shrimp balls糯米饭Glutinous rice春卷Spring rolls蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg蛋卷Chicken rolls刀削面Sliced noodles肉丸Rice-meat dumplings麻辣面Spicy hot noodles火锅Hot pot乌龙面Seafood noodles卤味braised food。
中餐菜名翻译手法
3.以原料形状或口感开头的的翻译方法
这种方法是把原料的形状或口感当作修饰语，放在烹法或 主料的前面。示例如下： (1) 口感+烹法+主料
水煮嫩鱼 香煎鸡块 Tender Stewed Fish Fragrant Fried Chicken
(2) 形状（口感）+主料+(with)辅料
陈皮兔丁 时蔬鸡片 Diced Rabbit with Orange Peel Sliced Chicken with Seasonal Vegetables
其他示例如下： 蚂蚁上树，即肉末粉丝，可译为：Bean Vermicelli with Spicy Meat Sauce。
一卵孵双凤 ，即把炖好的两只鸡装入挖空 果肉的西瓜壳中，把西瓜比为卵，把鸡比为凤， 译为： Steamed Chicken in Water Melon。
但如果全部舍形或舍音求意似乎过分朴实无华， 且没有美感和情趣，还有个折中的办法就是先照 实译出此类菜名的中文意思，再用意译的方法让 客人了解其原料烹法。例如‘龙虎斗’这道菜， 如果先说The dragon fighting against the tiger， 对于不了解中国文化的外国友人来说肯定会大倒 胃口,因为‘龙’在中国是吉祥的象征，但在西方 文化中却是凶狠的恶魔。而虎又是保护动物。” 这道菜的原料是蛇肉和猫肉，应该译为Stewed snake and wild cat。
• 中国菜烹饪的过程复杂，包括备料、刀工、 火候、烹法等方面。要熟练而准确地将中 式菜肴英译，除了熟知菜肴常用原料的英 译外，还必须对菜的加工、烹饪及其在英 语中的对应语了如指掌。
1.刀工(cutting ）
• 为了译好菜名，我们首先要对刀工有所了 解。 • 中国烹饪，刀工十分讲究，历来有“三分 原料，七分加工”的说法，厨师总是因料 施刀，根据不同的原料，采用不同的切割 法，横刀、直刀、厚刀、薄刀、切花等， 刀法对菜的质量有莫大的影响。
中餐烹饪英语介绍
every kind as luxurious as possible.
As the firห้องสมุดไป่ตู้t cuisine of north China, many basic courses of
油条Youtiao ( Deep-Fried Dough Sticks )
汤圆Tangyuan ( Glutinous Rice Balls )
粽子Zongzi ( Glutinous Rice Wrapped in Bamboo Leaves )
元宵Yuanxiao ( Glutinous Rice Balls for Lantern Festival )
vegetables.
Shandong is the home province of Confucius, and
Shandong Cuisine embodies the dining concept of "Eat no food
but what’s of the best quality; eat no meat but what’s finely
high-class feasts prepared for festivals and birthdays were developed
based on Shandong cuisine. It also had an important influence on
the formation of the local cuisines of Beijing, Tianjin and northeast
中国菜名翻译-英语
1、以主料和配料/味汁命名1）介绍主料和配料：主料+ with + 配料（香菇鸡Chicken with Mushroom）2）介绍主料和味汁：主料+ with/in + 味汁（蚝油四季豆French Beans in Oyster Sauce）2、以切工形状命名1）介绍形状和主料、辅料：形状+ 主料+ with + 辅料2）介绍形状、主料和味汁：形状+ 主料+ with/in + 味汁(Diced Chicken in Tomato sauce)3、以烹饪方法命名1）介绍做法和主料：做法（动词过去式）+（形状）主料（干煸有机花菜Dry-fried Organic Cauliflower）2）介绍做法、主料和配料：做法（动词过去式）+（形状）主料+ with + 配料（三鲜豆腐Sautéed T ofu with Three Delicacies）3）介绍做法、主料和味汁（动词过去式）+（形状）主料+ with/in + 味汁（酱烧茄块Braised Diced Eggplant in Soy Sauce）4、以口感命名1）介绍主料和味道：主料+ 味道或味道+ 主料（糖醋面筋Sweet and Sour Gluten）2）介绍做法、主料和味道：做法+ 味道+ 主料/ 做法+ 主料+味道（鱼香茄子Sautéed Fish-Flavored Eggplant / Sautéed Eggplant in Fish Flavor）5、以人名或地名开头的菜名1）介绍创始人（发源地）和主料：人名（地名）+ 主料（北京烤鸭Peking/Beijing Roasted Duck)2）介绍创始人（发源地）、做法和主料：人名（地名）+ 做法+ 主料（大煮干丝Braised Shredded Dried Tofu with Ham and shrimp in chicken soup）6、半形象化的菜名1）金钱鱼肚中的金钱是香菇，可译成Fish maw with mushrooms2）柿汁龙须菜中的龙须菜是芦笋，可以译为sautéed asparagus with tomato sauce 3）宫保鸡（肉）丁或花生仁鸡丁，Sautéed chicken(pork) cubes with hot pepper and deep-fried crisp peanuts4）宫保大虾，Sautéed prawns with hot sauce6）木须肉，是肉片木耳炒鸡蛋，Sauté pork slices with eggs and fungus7）春卷，汉语拼音，Chunjuan or spring rolls。
法餐菜名命名规则
法餐菜名命名规则
法餐菜名命名规则通常包括以下几种方式：
1、以主食材和烹饪方法命名：这是法餐命名中最常见的方式，比如烤鸡（Poulet R-ti）、烤羊排（Agneau Roti）等。
2、以食材产地命名：一些法餐菜肴会以食材的产地来命名，以突出其独特的风味和品质，比如普罗旺斯炖羊肉（Daube Provençale）等。
3、以酱汁或调味品命名：一些法餐菜肴会以特定的酱汁或调味品来命名，比如红酒烩牛肉（Boeuf Bourguignon）、法式奶油蘑菇汤（Crème de Champignons）等。
4、以食材的形状或颜色命名：一些法餐菜肴会以食材的形状或颜色来命名，比如红酒烩猪排（Cote de Boeuf）、绿胡椒牛肉（Filet de Boeuf aux Poivres Vert）等。
5、以历史人物或事件命名：一些法餐菜肴会以历史人物或事件来命名，以突出其历史和文化背景，比如拿破仑蛋糕（Gâteau Moka）、波旁蛋糕（Gâteau Bourbon）等。
总的来说，法餐菜名命名规则非常多样，既有传统的命名方式，也有现代的创新命名方式。
在命名时，通常会考虑到食材、烹饪方法、产地、酱汁或调味品、形状或颜色以及历史人物或事件等多个因素。
英文各种菜名
英文菜名大全调味料及香精：（condiment/flavoring/dressing/essences）酱油soy双抽black soy sauce生抽thin soy sauce醋vinegar白醋white vinegar盐salt糖sugar料酒rice wine冰糖rock sugar花椒wild pepper胡椒pepper黑胡椒black pepper生姜ginger生姜丝shredded ginger三明治酱sandwich spread虾酱shrimp paste鱼子酱caviar蟹酱crab paste芥末mustard味精MSG咖喱curry香料fines herbs丁香clove茴香fennel八角/大茴香aniseed小茴香cumin肉桂cinnamon 多香果allspice马槟榔caper肉豆寇nutmeg藏红花saffron月桂laurel孜然cumin欧芹parsley太白粉starch嫩肉粉tenderizer乳酪cheese牛油butter麻油sesame oil橄榄油olive oil蚝油oyster sauce发粉baking powder沙茶satay琼脂agar-agar发酵粉baking powder酵母yeast香精essence五香粉five spice powder法式色拉酱French dressing/ vinaigrette 海鲜酱hoisin sauce番茄酱tomato sauce/ketchup辣椒酱chilli sauce酸辣酱chutney花生酱peanut butter香蒜酱pesto极辣的辣椒酱Tabasco sauce千岛酱thousand island豆豉soy sauce葱 scallion红糖dark brown sugar老卤 master sauce水果：（fruits)菠萝/凤梨pineapple西瓜watermelon哈密瓜honey-dew melon 槟榔betelnut椰子coconut芒果mango木瓜papaya甘蔗sugarcane桔子tangerine橙子/柳橙orange李子plum柚子grapefruit/pomelo 蟠桃flat peach水蜜桃juicy peach金橘cumquat石榴guava草莓strawberry无花果fig红毛丹rumbutan山竹mangosteen榴莲durian杨梅waxberry芦粟sorgo孛荠/地梨water-chestnut 龙眼longan 荔枝lichee菱角water caltrop杨桃star fruit枣子date猕猴桃/奇异果kiwi杏子apricot枇杷loquat山楂haw柿子persimmon樱桃cherry柠檬lemon南北货/干果/坚果：桂圆dried longan当归angelica胡桃walnut木耳agaric银耳white fungus金针菜lily bud榛子hazelnut松子pine seed葡萄干raisin无核葡萄干currant发菜black moss银杏ginkgo人参ginseng栗子chestnut澳洲坚果macadamia/queensland nut 点心及零嘴：(desserts/snackes)中式：中式点心dim sum（饮茶Yum Cha）油条twisted cruller豆浆bean milk豆腐花beancurd jelly包子bum豆沙包smashed bean bun馒头steamed bread花卷twistbread馄饨wonton锅贴fried wontons水饺boiled dumpling蒸虾饺steamed prawn dumpling 小笼包子small steamer bun虾饺shrimp dumpling烧卖shao-mai肠粉rice noodle roll春卷spring roll葱油饼green onion pie油饼cruller千层糕layer cake马拉糕Cantonese sponge cake 八宝饭rice pudding凉粉agar-agar jelly河粉fried rice noodles干炒牛河fried rice noodles w/beef 年糕rice cake炒面chow mein杂碎Chop Suey芙蓉蛋Egg Foo Yung汤面noodles soup阳春面plain noodles 刀削面sliced noodles炸酱面noodles w/soybean paste 打卤面noodles w/gravy芝麻糊sesame paste萝卜丝饼turnip strips cake碗糕salty rice pudding凤梨酥pineapple cake豆沙sweet bean paste糯米sticky rice血糯米black sticky rice白粥congee西式：麦芬/松饼muffin馅饼pie小甜饼cookie汉堡三明治deli sandwichs法国长棍Baguette羊角面包croissant泡夫puff拿破仑Napoleons酥饼flaky pastry唐那滋/油炸圈饼doughnut蛋挞tart大块面包loaf吐司toast意大利面pasta意粉spaghetti意式宽面lasagne意式干面tagliatelle意式扁面Linguine意式细面Vermicelli提拉米苏Tira Misu面包皮crust华夫饼干waffle苏打饼干soda cracker杏仁饼干macaroon核仁巧克力饼brownie姜饼gingersnap慕司mousse果酱jam糖浆syrup薄荷mint麦片oatmeal圣代sundae雪芭sorbet甜筒icecream cone蜜桃冰淇淋peach melba 香草vanilla奶昔milkshake火焰冰激凌baked Alaska 意式冰激凌Spumoni奶油冻custard羊乳酪feta人造黄油Margarine甜馅mincemeat蛋黄酱mayonnaise奶油蛋黄酱mornay sauce 果酱jam柑桔果酱marmalade枫糖酱maple syrup 零嘴及其他：(snacks/others)爆米花popcorn牛肉干beef jerk果冻jam泡泡糖bubble gum棒棒糖bonbon水果糖konfyt陈皮orange peel棉花糖cotton candy太妃糖toffee香瓜子sunflower seed南瓜子pumpkin seed藕粉lotus root starch馅子filling便当lunchbox自助餐buffet零嘴snack蜜饯tutti-frutti荞麦粉buckwheat玉米粉cornmeal香米fragrant rice酥油ghee米粉rice flour大西米sago酒酿sweet fermented-rice燕窝bird’s nest块菌truffle榨菜preserved Szechuan vegetable 中西菜式：主菜main course一道菜course招牌菜specialty浇头toppings泡菜pickles酸黄瓜sour cucumber例汤soup of the day罗宋汤borsch鱼羹fish chowder薯泥mashed potatoes玉米卷taco杂烩chowder沙锅菜casserole炖菜stew炖肉daube肉片/鱼片fillet蛋白egg white蛋黄yolk煎蛋omelette荷包蛋poached egg(单面sunny-side up双面over easy)水煮蛋/白灼蛋boiled egg(半熟soft-boiled)炒蛋scrambled egg皮蛋thousand year egg茶叶蛋tea egg咸鸭蛋salted duck egg肉汁gravy蔬菜通心粉汤Minestrone西班牙肉菜饭paella肉汤broth意式调味饭Risotto 腓力牛排Tournedos/filet mignon(用Bearnaise Sauce)西冷牛排sirloin steak牛百叶/猪肚tripe火锅hot pot奶油洋葱汤cream of onion soup清炖肉汤consomme乡下浓汤country soup鱼排fish fillet浓汤bisque杂碎chop suey烤肉串kabob爱尔兰炖菜Irish stew意大利蔬菜汤minestrone青豆泥puree of peas北京烤鸭Peking duck蔬菜炖肉ragout意大利腊肠salami马来西亚米粉laksa意大利腊肠salami冬荫功Tom Yum Goong日本料理：味噌汤miso shiru天妇罗（甜不辣）tempura寿司shushi铁板烧teppanyaki烤鸡肉串Yakitori甜味烤猪肉teriyakii日本火锅sukiyaki生鱼片sashimi清酒saki芥末酱wasabi荞麦面soba noodles紫菜nori芥末（其实是山葵）wasabi味噌miso鱼汤dashi河豚fugu七味粉shichimi大麦茶mugi-cha乌冬udon鱼生：金枪鱼maguro(tuna)鲷鱼madai(sea bream)黑鲈suzuki(sea bass)鲣鱼katsua(bonito)鳟鱼masn(trout)鱿鱼ika(squid)章鱼kato(octopus)北极贝geoduck(mirugai)+ O# t! C/ T; i3 韩国料理：韩国烤肉Korean barbecue石头火锅Jungol韩国泡菜kimgee饮品：饮料beverages/quencher红茶black tea锡兰上等红茶Pekoe新茶sincha茉莉花茶jasmine tea 龙井dragon’s well/Lungching 乌龙Oulung铁观音Tieh-Kuan-Yin云雾茶cloud mist功夫茶gongou袋泡茶teabag柠檬水lemonade姜汁ginger ale酸奶yoghurt全脂full cream脱脂skimmed不含咖啡因 decaffeinated咖啡伴侣coffee mate方糖cube sugar速溶咖啡 instant coffee阿华田Ovaltine七喜Seven-up养乐多Chlorella Yakult苏打水soda麦酒ale补酒tonic生啤draft beer黑啤stout宾治punch酸梅汤plum juice樱桃酒kirsch雪利酒sherry奶粉powered milk干邑cognac香槟champagne金酒gin厨具/餐具：(kitchenware/tableware) 盘子plate汤盘tureen碗bowla调味瓶cruet胡椒粉瓶pepper shaker榨汁机juicer搅拌器mixer刨冰机ice crusher烤箱oven球形匙scoop汤匙soup spoon调味品架spice rack电饭煲auto rice cooker方糖架pincers吸管straw热水瓶thermos水壶kettle凉水壶jug烤架grill煤气gas锅pot平底锅pan煎锅frying pan菜刀kitchen knife/cleaver砧板chopping board冰块桶ice bucket水槽sink滤网strainer 煲锅slow cooker洗手盅finger bowl餐具柜sideboard电冰箱fridge抹布duster/rags铝箔aluminum foil模子mould坛子jar罐头can水龙头tap弹簧秤spring scale中式餐具：炒锅wok炒菜勺frying spoon漏子frying basket蒸笼steaming basket汽锅steamboat砂锅earthenware casserole/sandy pot 筷架chopsticks rack中式早点烧饼Clay oven rolls油条Fried bread stick韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings水饺Boiled dumplings蒸饺Steamed dumplings馒头Steamed buns割包Steamed sandwich饭团Rice and vegetable roll蛋饼Egg cakes皮蛋100-year egg咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg豆浆Soybean milk饭类稀饭Rice porridge白饭Plain white rice油饭Glutinous oil rice糯米饭Glutinous rice卤肉饭Braised pork rice蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg地瓜粥Sweet potato congee面类：馄饨面Wonton & noodles刀削面Sliced noodles麻辣面Spicy hot noodles麻酱面Sesame paste noodles鴨肉面Duck with noodles鱔魚面Eel noodles乌龙面Seafood noodles榨菜肉丝面Pork pickled mustard green noodles牡蛎细面Oyster thin noodles板条Flat noodles米粉Rice noodles炒米粉Fried rice noodles冬粉Green bean noodle汤类：鱼丸汤Fish ball soup貢丸汤Meat ball soup蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup蛤蜊汤Clams soup牡蛎汤Oyster soup紫菜汤Seaweed soup 酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup馄饨汤Wonton soup猪肠汤Pork intestine soup肉羹汤Pork thick soup鱿鱼汤Squid soup花枝羹Squid thick soup甜点：爱玉Vegetarian gelatin糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks长寿桃Longevity Peaches芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花Hemp flowers双胞胎Horse hooves冰类：绵绵冰Mein mein ice麦角冰Oatmeal ice地瓜冰Sweet potato ice紅豆牛奶冰Red bean with milk ice 八宝冰Eight treasures ice豆花Tofu pudding果汁：甘蔗汁Sugar cane juice酸梅汁Plum juice杨桃汁Star fruit juice青草茶Herb juice点心：牡蛎煎Oyster omelet臭豆腐Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu)油豆腐Oily bean curd麻辣豆腐Spicy hot bean curd虾片Prawn cracker虾球Shrimp balls春卷Spring rolls蛋卷Chicken rolls碗糕Salty rice pudding筒仔米糕Rice tube pudding红豆糕Red bean cake绿豆糕Bean paste cake糯米糕Glutinous rice cakes萝卜糕Fried white radish patty芋头糕Taro cake肉圆Taiwanese Meatballs水晶饺Pyramid dumplings肉丸Rice-meat dumplings豆干Dried tofu其他：当归鸭Angelica duck槟榔Betel nut火锅Hot pot烧麦Shaomai （还有一种比较复杂的说法：Steamed dumplings with dough gathered at the top）馄饨Wonton拉面Pulled noodles小米粥Millet congee粥Porridge蛋炒饭Fired rice and egg锅贴Slightly fired dumpling小笼包Small steamed stuffed bun烤肉串 Kebabs 糖醋排骨Sweet and sour spareribs水产品：（aquatic product）1)鱼fish糖醋鱼片fried fish slices with sweet and sour sauce糖醋鱼块fried fish slices with sweet and sour sauce糖醋石斑鱼fried garoupa with sweet and sour sauce糖醋松子桂鱼fried mandarin fish and pinenuts with sweet and sour sauce熘鱼片quick-fry fish slices with distilled grains sauce焦熘鱼片crisp fried fish slices with distilled grains sauce焦熘黄鱼片crisp fried yellow croaker slices with distilled grains sauce椒盐黄鱼fried yellow croaker with pepper sauce糟熘鱼片fried fish slices with distilled grains sauce滑熘鱼片fried fish slices with distilled grains sauce炒鱼片stir-fried fish slices菜炒鱼片stir-fried fish slices with vegetables 焦炒鱼片stir-fried fish slices with bamboo shoots焦熘鱼片fried fish slices with sauce茄汁鱼片fried fish slices with tomato sauce炸鱼条fried fish slices炸扒鱼片deep fried garoupa slices软炸鱼片soft-fried sliced fish酥炸鱼条crisp fried sliced garoupa炸鱼deep-fried fish炸桂鱼deep-fried mandarin fish炸板鱼deep-fried sole炸凤尾鱼deep-fried anchovies煎铜盆鱼fried sea-bream酱汁活鱼fried fish with soy sauce and wine芙蓉桂鱼fried mandarin fish with egg white茄汁鱼球fried fish balls with tomato sauce茄汁石斑块deep fried garoupa slices with tomato sauce烤酥鱼baked crisp crucian carp清蒸鱼steamed fish蒸鲜鱼steamed fresh fish清蒸全鱼steamed whole fish清蒸黄河鲤steamed Yellow River carp清蒸鲥鱼steamed shad清蒸桂鱼steamed mandarin fish清蒸鲈鱼腩steamed perch-flank清蒸糟青鱼steamed black carp with distilled grains豉汁蒸鱼steamed fish with black bean sauce 豉油蒸生鱼steamed rock-fish with soy sauce 豉油蒸鲩鱼steamed tench with soy sauce红烧鱼braised fish with soy sauce; stewed fish with soy sauce红烧鲴鱼braised catfish with soy sauce; stewed catfish with brown sauce 红烧鳗鱼braised eel with soy sauce; stewed ell with brown sauce红烧河鳗braised ell with soy sauce; stewed ell with brown sauce红烧鲤鱼braised carp with soy sauce; stewed carp with brown sauce红烧鲤鱼头braised carp head ith soy sauce; stewed carp head with brown sauce红烧青鱼braised black carp with soy sauce; stewed black carp with brown sauce蒜头烧黄鳝braised finless ell with garlic; stewed finless eel with garlic烧青衣鱼头braised green wrasse head; stewed green wrasse head红烧桂鱼braised mandarin fish with soy sauce; stewed mandarin fish with brown sauce白汁鳜鱼braised mandarin fish with white sauce; stewed mandarin fish with white sauce 菜炒鲈鱼stir-fried perch with vegetables炒鳝丝stir-fried shredded finless eel炒鳝片stir-fried eel slices松鼠黄鱼fried yellow croaker in squirrel shape 熏黄鱼smoked yellow croaker白汁熏鲳鱼smoked pomfret with white sauce 清炖甲鱼braised turtle in clear soup凤足炖甲鱼steamed turtle with chicken's feet in soup甲鱼裙边煨肥猪肉stewed calipash and calipee with fat pork火腿甲鱼汤turtle soup with ham炒鱿鱼stir-fried squid炒鱿鱼丝stir-fried shredded squid冬笋炒鱿鱼stir-fried squid with fresh bamboo shoots咖喱鱿鱼fried squid with curry蛋皮鱼卷fried fish roll炒木须银鱼fried white bait with eggsa.鱼翅shark's fins蟹肉鱼翅braised shark's fins with minced crab meat鸡茸鱼翅braised shark's fins with minced chicken鸡丝鱼翅braised shark's fins with shredded chicken; braised shark's fin with chicken shreds 鸡兰鱼翅braised shark's fin with chicken shreds and bamboo shoots鸡包鱼翅braised chicken stuffed with shark's fin鸡汁鱼翅braised shark's fin with chicken gravy 红烧鱼翅braised shark's fins with brown sauce; braised shark's fins with soy sauce红扒鱼翅braised shark's fins with brown sauce; braised shark's fins with soy sauce白扒鱼翅braised shark's fins with white sauce 海味扒鱼翅braised shark's fins with sea food 清汤鱼翅shark's fins in clear soupb.鱼唇fish lips蚝油鱼唇braised fish lips with oyster oil蟹肉鱼唇stewed fish lips with crab meat白汁鱼唇stewed shark's lips with white sauce c.鱼肚fish maw鱼扒鱼肚braised fish maw with white sauce红烧鱼肚braised fish maw with soy sauce; stewed fish maw with soy sauce鸡丝烩鱼肚stewed fish maw with shredded chicken蟹肉鱼肚stewed fish maw with crab meat奶油鱼肚fried fish maw with cream sauce虾仁鱼肚fried fish maw with shelled shrimps 三鲜鱼肚fish maw with balls of shelled shrimps, fish and minced pork清汤鱼肚fish maw in clear soup鱼肚鸡片汤codfish maw soup with sliced chicken2)虾shrimp盐水虾boiled shrimps with shell in salt water 面拖虾shrimp fritters清炒虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps炒虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps芙蓉虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps with egg-white sauce面包虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps on croutons 青豆虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps with green gravy茄汁虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps with tomato sauce蟹黄虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps with crab roe锅巴虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps with crispy fried rice crust凤肝虾仁stir-fried shelled shrimps with chicken liver菜炒虾脯stir-fried minced shrimps with vegetables油炸虾丸fried shrimp balls虾仁扒豆腐stewed shelled shrimps with bean curd烩虾仁braised shrimp meat油焖大虾braised prawns黄焖大虾braised prawns with brown sauce红烧对虾braised prawns with soy sauce红烧明虾braised prawns with soy sauce罐焖大虾braised prawns in pot; pot-braised prawns荷包金鲤虾braised prawns stuffed with glutinous rice in the shape of golden carp炸大虾fried prawns; deep-fried prawns; fried jumbo shrimps炸金钱大虾fried prawns in the shape of golden coin炸烹大虾fried giant prawns; grilled prawns with sauce椒盐大虾fried prawns with pepper sauce炸虾串fried prawn shashlik炸虾托fried prawn canape软炸虾soft-fried prawn slices炒虾片stir-fried prawn slices炒大虾片stir-fried prawn slices炒鸡肝虾片fried prawn slices with chicken liver 炸虾饼fried prawn cutlets; fried shrimp cutlets 煎虾饼fried prawn cutlets; fried shrimp cutlets 茄汁虾片fried prawns with tomato sauce煎明虾fried prawns with shell in gravy煎明虾段fried prawn sections干烧明虾fried prawns with pepper sauce煎酿大明虾fried giant prawns with soy and ginger sauce炸竹笋脆虾fried prawns with bamboo shoots 炸凤尾明虾fried prawns in the shape of phoeni 炸虾球fried prawn balls; deepfried prawn meat balls煎虾丸fried shrimp balls with sauce鲜菇炒大虾stir-fried prawns with fresh mushrooms鲜菇炒虾球stir-fried shelled shrimp balls with mushrooms菜花炒虾丸stir-fried jumbo shrimp balls with cauliflower红煤虾球braised jumbo shrimp balls with cauliflower辣味烩虾braised prawns with chilli/chili sauce 辣昧烩虾球braised prawn balls with chilli/chili sauce3)蟹crab蒸螃蟹steamed crab蒸梭子蟹steamed sea crabs醉蟹liquor preserved crab姜汁大肉蟹fried fresh crab with ginger sauce 酱油蟹fried crabs with bean sauce炒蟹肉stir-fried crab meat炒海蟹肉stir-fried minced crab meat蟹肉豆腐stir-fried minced crab meat with bean curd奶汁蟹肉stir-fried minced crab meat with cream sauce香菇蟹肉stir-fried crab meat with mushrooms 芙蓉蟹肉stir-fried crab meat with egg-white菜炖蟹肉stewed crab meat with vegetables蟹肉狮子头stewed crab meat with minced pork balls4)海参sea cucumber海参烩鸡丝stewed sea cucumbers with shredded chicken海参扒鸡条braised sea cucumbers with sliced chicken海参肉片braised sea cucumbers with pork slices红烧海参braised sea cucumbers with brown sauce;braised sea cucumbers with soy sauce 葱烧海参braised sea cucumbers with spring onions麻辣海参片braised sea cucumbers with chilli/chili sauce胡辣海参片braised sea cucumbers with chilli/chili sauce鱼丸烧海参stewed sea cucumbers with fish balls鸡茸海参fried sea cucumbers with mashed chicken; fried sea cucumbers with minced chicken 火腿肉丸烧海参stewed sea cucumbers with pork balls and ham slices虾仁海参stewed sea cucumbers with shrimps 鲍鱼海参fricassee sea cucumbers with abalone芙蓉海参fricassee sea cucumbers with egg white5)鲍鱼abalone蚝汁鲍鱼片fried abalone slices with oyster sauce蚝油焖鲍鱼stewed abalone slices with oyster sauce红烧鲍鱼braised abalone with soy sauce红烧酥鲍braised abalone with soy sauce红烧鲜鲍braised fresh abalone with soy sauce 黄焖干鲍braised abalone with brown sauce红炖紫鲍braised abalone garnished with green vegetables白扒鲍鱼braised abalone with white sauce鸡茸金钱鲍fricassee abalone with minced chicken鸡茸炒鲍丝fried abalone shreds with minced chicken鸡片鲍鱼fried abalone with sliced chicken鸡翅鲍鱼片braised abalone slices with chicken wings鸡球鲍脯braised abalone with chicken balls冬菇鲍鱼braised abalone with black mushrooms蘑菇鲍脯braised abalone with freshmushrooms鸡油鲍鱼磨菇fried abalone and mushrooms with chicken fat鸡汁鲍鱼鱼翅steamed abalone with shark's fins in chicken soup蚝油小鲍鱼fried awabi with oyster sauce6)贝类shellfish面拖牡蛎oyster fritters白灼螺片fried sliced whelk鸡肉螺片fried sliced whelk with chicken凤肝螺片fried sliced whelk with chicken liver 蚝油干贝fried dried scallops with oyster sauce 油爆干贝fried dried scallops with choice vegetables白汁干贝stewed dried scallops with white sauce鸡冻干贝fricassee scallop in chicken mousse ) p; D* c5 u9 | x4 |& Y. e4 |凉菜：（cold dish）冷盘cold dish拼盘assorted cold foods; hors d'oeuvres; assorted appetizers凉拼盘assorted cold foods; hors d'oeuvres; assorted appetizers冷拼盘assorted cold foods; hors d'oeuvres; assorted appetizers什锦小吃assorted cold foods; hors d'oeuvres; assorted appetizers叉烧肉roast pork fillet白肉plain boiled pork 酱肉braised pork with soy sauce; spiced pork 酱猪肉braised pork with soy sauce; spiced pork酱肘子braised pork shoulder with soy sauce; spiced pork shoulder酱猪肘braised pork leg with soy sauce; spiced pork leg盐水肝boiled liver with salt; salted liver咸水肝boiled liver with salt; salted liver酱肚braised pork tripe with soy sauce红油肚丝boiled shredded tripes with chilli/chili oil凉拌肚丝shredded tripes with soy sauce拌肚丝shredded tripes with soy sauce凉拌腰片boiled liver with salt; salted liver拌腰片boiled liver with salt; salted liver炝腰花泡菜boiled kidney with pickled vegetables酱牛肉braised beef with soy sauce; spiced beef红油牛筋boiled beef tendons with chilli/chili oil 盐水羊肉boiled mutton with salt; salted mutton 咸水羊肉boiled mutton with salt; salted mutton 凉拌鸡丝shredded chicken with soy sauce拌鸡丝shredded chicken with soy sauce白油鸡steamed chicken白切油鸡sliced steamed chicken白片鸡sliced steamed chicken盐水鸡boiled chicken with salt; salted chicken 咸水鸡boiled chicken with salt; salted chicken童子油鸡boiled tender chicken with soy sauce; soy tender chicken白沾鸡boiled tender chicken with soy sauce; soy tender chicken白斩鸡boiled tender chicken with soy sauce; soy tender chicken蚝油白鸡boiled chicken with oyster sauce白露鸡plain boiled chicken with mustard白片鸡boiled tender chicken slices红油鸡丁boiled diced chicken with chilli/chili soil麻辣鸡boiled chicken with chilli/chili and wild pepper sauce卤鸡boiled chicken with spices; spiced chicken; pot-stewed chicken in soy sauce卤鸡杂boiled chicken giblets with spices; spiced chicken giblets酱鸡braised chicken with soy sauce酱鸭braised duck with soy sauce; W( p2 ~: w0 D0 `盐水鸭boil duck with salt; salted duck咸水鸭boil duck with salt; salted duck盐水鸭肝boiled duck liver with salt; salted duck liver咸水鸭肝boiled duck liver with salt; salted duck liver卤鸭boiled duck with spices; spiced duck; pot-stewed duck in soy sauce卤鸭翅boiled duck wings with spices; spiced duck wings 姜芽鸭片boiled sliced duck with ginger红油鸭丁boiled diced duck with chilli/chili oil红油鸭掌boiled duck webs with chilli/chili oil拌鸭掌duck webs with soy sauce; soy duck webs腌鱼salted fish咸鱼salted fish熏鱼smoked fish糟鱼pickled fish with distilled grains liquor dregs; pickled fish with wine; pickled fish姜汁鱼片boiled fish slices with ginger sauce 红油鱼肚boiled fish maw with chilli/chili oil红油虾片boiled prawn slices with chilli/chili oil 盐水大虾boiled prawns with salt; salted prawns咸水大虾boiled prawns with salt; salted prawns盐水虾boiled shrimps with salt; salted shrimps 咸水虾boiled shrimps with salt; salted shrimps 凉拌海带shredded kelp with soy sauce拌海带shredded kelp with soy sauce凉拌海蛰shredded jelly-fish with soy sauce拌海蛰shredded jelly-fish with soy sauce小葱拌豆腐bean curd mixed with chopped green onion凉拌豆芽菜bean sprouts salad凉拌干丝shredded dried bean curd salad卤香干boiled bean cheese with spices; spicy bean cheese酸黄瓜pickled cucumber酱黄瓜pickled cucumber with soy sauce辣黄瓜pickled cucumber with chilli/chili sauce 泡菜pickles; pickled vegetables; sauerkraut 朝鲜泡菜kimchi酱菜pickles; pickled vegetables小菜pickles; pickled vegetables咸菜pickles; salted vegetables酸菜pickled Chinese cabbage油炸花生fried peanuts油氽花生fried peanuts炸花生fried peanuts烤花生baked peanuts咸花生salted peanuts酱蛋pickled egg茶叶蛋boiled egg with tea and soy sauce松花蛋preserved duck egg咸鸭蛋salted duck egg。
菜单翻译方法
要将中餐菜单译成英文，首先要了解中餐菜名的构成及命名方法。
中餐菜名通常由原料名称，烹制方法、菜肴的色香味形、菜肴的创始人或发源地等构成。
这种反映菜肴内容和特色的命名方法叫做写实性命名法，此外还有反映菜肴深刻含义的写意性命名法。
由于汉语和英语的差异很大，中餐菜名英译时，应采用写实性命名法，尽量将菜肴的原料、烹制方法、菜肴的作料等翻译出来，以便让客人一目了然。
1、直译法以原料命名的菜不加修辞，直译最为简便，烹饪方法不必译出。
中菜汤类命名一般按此方法，翻译时采用“原料加汤”的处理方法。
如：双冬牛肉——Beef with Mushroom and Bamboo Shouts口蘑菜心——Mushrooms with Cabbage Heart青椒肉丝——Shredded Pork and Green Chili豆腐汤——Bean Curd with Mushroom Soup荷包蛋——Poached Egg人参鸡——Chicken with Ginseng坛肉——Pock in Pot糖醋排骨——Sweet and Sour Spare Rib直译能使目的语言与源语用基本相同的形式来表达相同的内容，获取基本相等的效果。
因此对于菜名翻译来说，直译是可取且实用的方法。
此外，在不违背西方文化的前提下，对一些以传说、典故，特别是以形象命名的菜肴，仍可以采用直译的方法，尽量在表达原译的同时保持原汁原味，让海外游客在品尝佳肴的同时，领略中国饮食文化的魅力。
2、意译法语言有不同的文化内涵和表达形式，当形式成为翻译的障碍时一般采用意译法。
在中餐翻译中，意译法就是将抽象或带有联想性的菜名以具体清晰的方式表达出来，译者常常可以采用解释、删减、借用、改写等手段。
第一，解释。
翻译时对原文本部分的字词用解释代替直译，这是十分必要的。
比如一道常见的“鱼香肉丝”，有人直译为“Fish-flavored Shredded Pork”，也有人翻译成“Shredded Pork w ith Garlic Sauce”。
一篇教你看懂英文菜单的终极攻略，吃西餐不求人！（配音标）
一篇教你看懂英文菜单的终极攻略，吃西餐不求人！（配音标）英语·英文菜单出国旅行时，对吃货来说最大的痛苦莫过于去了心心念念的餐厅，准备点餐却看不懂菜名。
其实，英文菜单远没有你想象中的那般难懂，今天吉米老师就来帮你告别听天由命的点菜经历吧。
第一章：食材篇【海鲜类食材TOP 5】1.Salmon（三文鱼）英 [ˈsæmən]代表菜：Smoked Salmon（烟熏三文鱼）2.Tuna Fish（金枪鱼）代表菜：Grilled Tuna Steak（扒金枪鱼排）3.Sole（比目鱼）英 [səʊl]代表菜：Pan-fried Whole Sole（剪比目鱼）4.Lobster（龙虾）英 [ˈlɒbstə(r)]代表菜：Gratinated Lobster in Mornay Sauce（奶焗龙虾）5.Mussel（青口贝）英 [ˈmʌsl]代表菜：Gratinated Mussels Hollandaise Sauce（荷兰汁青口贝）【肉类食材TOP 5】1.Turkey（火鸡）代表菜：Roast Stuffed Turkey（烤瓤火鸡）2.T-Bone（牛仔骨）代表菜：T-Bone Steak（牛仔骨牛扒）3.Spare Ribs（猪肋骨）英 [speə(r) rɪbz]代表菜：Smoked Spare Ribs with Honey（烟熏蜜汁肋排）4.Pork/Lamb Chop（猪/羊排）代表菜：Roast Lamb Chop with Cheese and Red Wine Sauce（烤羊排配奶酪和红酒汁）5.Ham/Bacon（火腿/培根）代表菜：Fried Eggs with Ham（火腿煎蛋）【面包类食材TOP 5】1.Croissant（牛角包）英 [ˈkrwæsɒɒ]2.Danish（丹麦起酥）英 [ˈdeɪnɪʃ]3.Whole Wheat Bread（全麦面包）英 [frentʃbæˈɡet]4.French Baguette（法棍面包）英 [frentʃbæˈɡet]5.Toast（吐司面包）【调味料类食材TOP 5】1.Nutmeg（豆蔻）英 [ˈnʌtmeɡ]：用于煲制鸡肉、猪肉及牛肉，或用以烹制芝士乳酪。
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中式菜名翻译
许多中国烹调、医药以及其他技术中的独特的技法也都不好直接译成英语。
正因为是中国独创的，所以，当然外国就没有相应的词汇。
下面略举几例：炸：中国有“煎、炒、烹、炸”，还有一个“熘”。
但英语表示这类动作的词只有
一个比较模糊的fry, 意思是“cook something in hot fat or oil(将某物放在热的
油里烹调)，到底是“煎”是“炒”是“烹”是“炸”等，没有明确的界限。
那么，我们只好加些限定词，构成短语，才能近似地表达其细微区别。
所以，汉英词典中对“炒”的解释除了fry外还有个stir-fry；对“煎”的解释除
了fry 外还有fry in sallow oil；对“烹”的解释是fry quickly in hot oil and stir
in sauce；对“炸”的解释是deep fry；对“熘”的解释是quick-fry。
其实都是很勉强的解释，仍然区别不明显。
另外, 还有一个法语来的词sauté也可表示“炒”和“熘”等，但也不能精确表达汉语的意思。
另外，中药里的“煎”又
是一种意思，是中国处理药品的独特方法。
可以用boil, brew等来勉强表达之。
烹饪方法英语：
shallow fry煎, shallow-fried 煎的, stir-fry 炒,deep fry 炸, toasted烤的（如面包），grilled 铁扒烤的，steam (蒸), stew/braise (炖，焖),boil（煮）, roast/broil (烤), bake, smoke (熏), pickle (腌), barbecue (烧烤),
中式餐饮中菜名的翻译技巧
一、以主料开头的翻译方法
1、介绍菜肴的主料和辅料：公式：主料(形状)+(with)辅料例：杏仁鸡丁
chicken cubes with almond
牛肉豆腐beef with bean curd
西红柿炒蛋Scrambled tomato with egg
2、介绍菜肴的主料和味汁：式：主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：芥末鸭掌duck webs with mustard sauce
葱油鸡chicken in Scallion oil
米酒鱼卷fish rolls with rice wine
二、以烹制方法开头的翻译方法
1、介绍菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料(形状)
例：软炸里脊soft-fried pork fillet
烤乳猪roast suckling pig
炒鳝片Stir-fried eel slices
2、介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料仔姜烧鸡
条braised chicken fillet with tender ginger
3、介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：
红烧牛肉braised beef with brown sauce
鱼香肉丝fried shredded pork with fish fragrant
清炖猪蹄stewed pig hoof in clean soup
三、以形状或口感开头的翻译方法
1、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)和主料、辅料公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料例：芝麻酥鸡crisp chicken with sesame
陈皮兔丁diced rabbit with orange peel
时蔬鸡片sliced chicken with seasonal vegetables
2、介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料公式：口感+烹法+主料例：香酥排骨crisp fried spare ribs水煮嫩鱼tender stewed fish
香煎鸡块fragrant fried chicken
3、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)、主料和味汁公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)味汁例：茄汁鱼片sliced fish with tomato sauce
椒麻鸡块chopped chicken with hot pepper
黄酒脆皮虾仁crisp shrimps with rice wine sauce
四、以人名或地名开头的翻译方法
1、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料公式：人名(地名)+主料例：麻婆豆腐Ma Po beancurd
四川水饺Sichuan boiled dumpling
2、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、烹法和主料公式：人名(地名)+烹法+主料例：
东坡煨肘DongPo stewed pork joint
北京烤鸭Roast Beijing Duck
在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中，可以采用多种不同的方法，而且每一道菜都
可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。
例如，
川菜中的"宫保鸡丁"这道菜就有以下几种译法：
1.sauteed chicken cubes with peanuts
2.Gongbao chicken cubes
3.diced chicken with chilli and peanuts
最后，给大家几道中国菜名翻译：其实规则很简单，就是
烹饪方法+主料+配料+风味
蛋炒饭stir-fried rice with egg
凉拌黄瓜 fresh cucumber with bean sauce;
mixed fresh cucumber
醋溜土豆 potato with vinegar flavor
糖醋排骨fried spareribs with sweet and sour sauce
红烧肉braised pork with soy sauce
宫爆鸡丁stir-fried diced chicken with chili sauce and peanuts
清蒸鱼steamed fish
肉丝面noodles with shreded pork
翻译任务：
生煸青椒
肉片
肉丝
辣子鸡丁
糖醋里脊
牛排
芥末三文鱼
椒盐排骨
清蒸桂鱼
糖醋鲤鱼
西红柿炒鸡蛋
香拌茄泥
煎鸡蛋
注明：每位同学在翻译完上述翻译后，出一道中文菜名翻译题给后面跟帖的同
学。
跟帖同学须用红色字体标注上一楼
题目的翻译答案。
两个班的同学都在此帖里完成作业，截止时间 2012年12月14号 10点。