2020届上海市七宝中学2017级高三上学期期中考试英语试卷及解析
2020年上海市七宝中学高三英语期中试题及答案解析
2020年上海市七宝中学高三英语期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AGetting your kid to bed at night is seriously one of the most challenging things you'll ever have to do. Most kids are just so full of energy that they'll tire you out before they're halfway through their store of energy. An easy thing to calm down your child to get into bed is giving in and allowing some iPad screen time. However, it's really not a great idea, just like you thought.Researchers at theArizonaStateUniversityconducted a study with 547 kids between the ages of 7 to 9. Their parents tracked how much screen time the kids were allowed along with their sleep patterns. The study found that kids who did not engage in screen time before bed slept for 23 more minutes every week and also went to sleep about 34 minutes earlier than those playing with iPad. Although that might not seem like so much more time, quality of sleep is vastly important in Children's development.The CDC's (美国疾病控制中心)2018 National Youth Risk Survey outlines that good quality sleep can impact a child's life in many ways, including affecting grades and also weight gain. Students with an "A" average slept for 30 or more minutes per night than those with a "D" or"F" average.A 2018PennsylvaniaStateUniversitystudy showed that children with irregular bedtimes had a higher risk of having increased body weight. Those with consistent and age-appropriate bedtimes when they were 9 years old had a healthier BMI (体质指数)at age 15 than those with irregular bedtimes.Hard as it is, it's really important not to give in and hand over an iPad to your child who is about to go to bed. Just like it's important for adults to go to sleep without any distractions, it's even more important for kids.1. What do the findings of the researchers at theArizonaStateUniversitysuggest?A. More sleep is necessary for children's development.B. Enough sleep helps improve academic performances.C. Screen time before bed leads to later and less sleep.D. Children sleeping irregularly are easy to gain weight.2. What is the text mainly about?A. How is screen time affecting teenagers?B. What are negative effects of irregular bedtimes?C. When should you get your kid to bed at night?D. Why is screen time before bed a bad idea for kids?3. Who is the text intended for?A. Parents.B. Children.C. Teachers.D. Researchers.BDid you know people who live in different parts ofChinahave different habits and preferences? For example, people from southernChinaprefer to eat vegetables, while people from northChinalike to eat meat. According to a new study in a journal, gene variations (变异) might be responsible for these differences. Researchers fromChina’s BGI collected genetic information from 141,431 Chinese women, who came from 31 provinces and consisted of 36 ethnic minority groups.They found that natural selection has played an important role in the ways that people living in different regions of China have developed, affecting their food preferences, immunities (免疫力) to illness and physical features.A variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people. It helps people metabolize (新陈代谢) fatty acids, which suggests a diet that is rich in flesh. This is due to climate differences.Northern Chinais at a higher latitude. This weather is difficult to grow vegetables in. Therefore, northerners tend to eat more meat.The study also found differences in the immune systems of both groups. Most people in southernChinacarry the gene CR1, which protects against malaria. Malaria was once quite common in southernChina. In order to survive, the genes of people in the south evolved to fight against this disease. However, people in the south are also more sensitive to certain illnesses, as they lack the genes to stop them.Genes can also cause physical differences between northerners and southerners. Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene, which causes dry earwax, less body smell and fewer sweats. These physical differences are also more beneficial to living in cold environments. Southerners are less likely to have this gene, as it did not develop in their population.4. What did the new study focus on?A. Regions.B. Eating habits.C. Gene variations.D. Ethnic minority groups.5. What is the main function of the gene FADS2?A. It helps store fat.B. It helps digest meat.C. It helps gain weight.D. It helps treat an illness.6. According to the study, most northerners ________.A. sweat less frequentlyB. are immune to malariaC. prefer vegetables to meatD. are more sensitive to climates7. How many differences did the study find related to genes?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.CAn afternoon nap(午睡)is one of the joys of life, although too much napping could signal all is not well. In some cultures, people will have a daily nap — thisis fine. The warning comes when people start sleeping during the daytime, when they did not before. There is certainly a good reason to believe that daytime sleepiness — as in the Alzheimer's study — can be a marker of an underlying condition.For most people, napping during the day is mainly a sign that you are not getting enough sleep at night, says Dr. Neil Stanley, a sleep expert. "If you feel sleepy during the day, you should think about taking a nap. That is what the body needs — it doesn't need to be kept awake with caffeine, it needs sleep. "The feeling to notice is "sleepiness", he says, not "tiredness", which could be more psychological and linked to stress.So how do you nap well? The key thing, says Stanley, is how long your nap lasts. Choose either a 20-or 90-minute nap. "When you fall asleep, you'll quickly go through the lighter stages of sleep into your first period of deep sleep. You don't want to wake up in deep sleep because that's when you wake and feel worse than you did before. "Napping for 20 minutes means you will wake up before you go into deep sleep; napping for 90 minutes means you'll complete a sleep cycle.Once you factor in the time it takes to fall asleep — some people are better at napping than others but, says Stanley, "a healthy adult will fall asleep in between 5 and 12 minutes" — you can set an alarm, allowing a 30- to 40-minute period for a short nap, and up to two hours for a longer one.A good time to nap is during the body's natural dip in the afternoon, between 2 pm and 4 pm. "You don't really want to be napping much pastthatbecause then you are going to be eating into your night-time sleep," Stanley says. The point, he stresses, is to get good night-time sleep, which would ensure you probably don't need to nap at all.8. What does an afternoon nap indicate for most people?A. Caffeine addiction.B. Psychological stress.C. Insufficient night sleep.D. Potential physical illness.9. What is the key to a good nap?A. Duration.B. Surroundings.C. Health.D. Stages.10. What does the underlined word "that" in the last paragraph refer to?A. A 30- to 40- minute period.B. Between 2 pm and 4 pm.C. Between 5 and 12 minutes.D. A 20- to 90-minute period.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Why to phase a napB. When to take a good napC. What to learn from a napD. How to have a successful napDFlying someone one-way fromLondontoNew Yorkproduces nearly a ton ofcarbon dioxide or CO2. That's alot of this climate-warming greenhouse gas. But there are ways to cut the climate impact of flying, one of which is to ask planes to surf high-altitude winds every chance they get.It's not something they've been allowed to do. But that may change—and soon.Most jets crossing the Atlantic Ocean follow one of several fixed paths that are widely spaced because radar (雷达) had not been able to track aircraft everywhere above the Atlantic. But a new network of satellites could soon change that.Wells was part of a team inEnglandthat calculated the fastest possible routes for passenger planes. According to them , traveltime a plane takes when flying across theAtlanticvaries with the winds that a plane meets. For instance, eastbound (向东的) flights can get a powerful push. Westbound routes miss that benefit. Faster flights burn less fuel. And less burning gives off fewergreenhouse gases.The airline industry knows it has a high " carbon footprint." But it takes decades and many billions of dollars to design, test and fly new planes. Changing a flight path, in contrast, can cut costs and energy right away.The new study doesn't show how well such wind surfing would work for all planes, in all skies and the world over. Bui it does suggest that making flight routes more flexible could cut both fuel use and CO2in some places.However, if flight times vary depending on the wind, scheduling connecting flights and managing runways and gates would become more complicated. The researchers would have to work out the best flight paths that take such scheduling issues into consideration. They may also want to see if flying at different altitudes gives a wider choice of flexible routes at the times most people want to fly.National Air Traffic Services (NATS) which provides air-traffic control for theUnited Kingdomsaid it would temporarily disband its flight-paths system and work to allow airlines to choose flexible routes that would bestlimit their fuel use.12. What happens to east bound flights when crossing theAtlantic?A. They consume more fuel.B. They use less time and energy.C. They produce more greenhouse gases.D. They are against a stronger wind.13. What should be done to make adopting flexible flight routes possible?A. Calculating the flight time.B. Finding the best flight paths.C. Adjusting the size of jets.D. Adding more runways and gates.14. Which word can best replace the underlined word "disband” in the last paragraph?A. Stop.B. Copy.C. Handle.D. Restore.15. What can we infer from the text?A. Planes are producing the most carbon dioxide.B. New fuel is benefiting airline industries greatly.C. Carbon footprint is a serious problem in theUK.D. Surfing the winds can make air travel greener.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市七宝中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析
2020年上海市七宝中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AProvincetown, Cape Cod RestaurantsAfter a day on the sands or exploring our charming town, enjoy local eats, from fresh seafood and lobster to authentic Italian. You’ll find many wonderful Provincetown, Cape Cod restaurants and cafes just steps away. Fanizzi’s RestaurantRight next door to our hotel, this award-winning local eatery is one of the finest Cape Cod restaurants. The menu highlights seafood, Italian, steaks, burgers, and fresh salads. Enjoy the Friday Fish Fry, Early Bird Specials, and Sunday Brunch, available from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. all year long.539 Commercial Street 508-487-1964Napi’s RestaurantNapi’s serves dinner all year round and lunch from April to October. A cozy place located just off Commercial Street and overflowing with local art, this Cape Cod, Massachusetts classic specializes in everything from freshly caught seafood to Portuguese and Brazilian dishes to vegetarian items.7 Freeman Street 800-571-6274Mews RestaurantEnjoy views of Provincetown Harbor at this waterfront restaurant just steps from Surfside Hotel & Suites. Intercontinental dishes are served in the beach-level dining room, while upstairs you’ll find a casual American bistro. Summer months bring on a brunch menu, and dinner is served year-round.429 Commercial Street 508-487-1500The Red InnA favorite among our guests, The Red Inn is located on Provincetown’s picturesque waterfront which provides diners with the most gorgeous harbor views and spectacular sunsets. The Red Inn provides historic old world charm with new world pleasure. Their menu features the finest local seafood.15 Commercial Street 508-487-73341.Which restaurant offers a special breakfast for early risers?A.Fanizzi’s Restaurant.B.Napi’s Restaurant.C.Mews Restaurant.D.The Red Inn.2.What is special about The Red Inn?A.It exhibits the good local art.B.It is the finest local restaurant.C.It offers the best local seafood.D.It serves brunch all year round.3.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Accommodation.B.Life styles.C.Sightseeing.D.Dining.BIt was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had been living there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but he had to stay in the car. He agreed.I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!”“Go away!” he shouted.“Sir,” I repeated.“Go away!” he shouted.“Why?” I asked him.He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.“Merry Christmas!” I said.“Why are you doing this?” he asked.“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left.4. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____.A. pleasedB. worriedC. disappointedD. surprised5. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car?A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave.B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad.C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt.D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad.6. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____.A. quite angryB. very excitedC. quite puzzledD. very curious7. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____.A. it is easier said than doneB. poverty is the mother of healthC. where there is a will, there is a wayD. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is askedCThere are 8.8 million blind people in India. In fact, there are 36 million blind people worldwide and a quarter of them are in India; however, many cases of blindness in India are curable. The poor in India have limited access to primary eye healthcare and often do not eat foods rich in micronutrients, like vitamins and minerals, which play an important role in maintaining good eye health.Many people worldwide are not even aware that they may have a vision (视力) problem simply because they do not get their eyes tested every year with a doctor, who tests for the functioning of the eye muscles (肌肉), as well as common diseases like night blindness. This exam is strongly recommended by experts because some changes in vision, which the patient may take longer to notice, can be found easily in this way.Certain simple changes in diet and lifestyle can ensure better eye health for you. These include drinking plenty-of water, not smoking, and eating brightly color1 ed and leafy fruit and vegetables. Wearing sunglasses protects your eyes from the sun, which damages otherwise healthy eyes. Learn about your family's eye disease history, and be on the lookout for any problem about your vision. Make sure that you see a doctor immediately for early intervention(干预) if you see any of these signs of worsening eye health.If you or a loved one needs to cure blindness or other eye diseases, turn to a crowdfunding (众筹) platform. Agroup of eye health caregivers have fundraised with crowdfunding platform ImpactGuru to raise money to perform operations on the eyes of blind women in south Asia. Running an online fundraiser enables both doctors and patients to find a way out of the dark. If you want eye care to develop, start a fundraiser today.8. Why are there so many blind people in India?A. There is a lack of eye hospitals in India.B. People pay no attention to their eyes at all.C. Poor Indians lack food good for eye health.D. The environment damages their eyes.9. What does the author suggest in Paragraph 2?A. Examining your eyes annually.B. Strengthening muscles every day.C. Raising the awareness of physical health.D. Attaching importance to self-examination.10. Which of the following may do harm to your eyes?A. Smoking a lot.B. Wearing sunglasses.C. Drinking much water.D. Watching brightly-color1 ed pictures.11. What does the author want to show in the last paragraph?A. How to start a fundraiser online.B. The importance of raising money.C. The role of crowdfunding in eye care.D. What should bedone to raise money.DThe secrets of dreaming are always interesting psychologists. It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time betweenchildhood and full adulthood, that’s around 30, are the strongest and most influential. Yet not enough is known about the repeated patterns of dreaming. Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges?G. William Domhoff and Adam Schneider, at theUniversityofCalifornia, help to answer this question by examining the lengthy dream series of two individuals, “Izzy” and “Jasmine”. Izzy provided a collection of 4, 329 dream reports from between the ages of 12 and 25, while Jasmine provided 664 dreams recorded between theages of 14 and 25.Large collections of dreams like these pose challenges to researchers. Until recently, the means of studying dream series was to employ a team of recorders who take the time to code each dream for a predetermined(预先确定的)number of content categories, and then compare their results. Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, accuracy, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However,itcan only lead so far.To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings(词串)for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. For Izzy these word strings included “family and s”, “celebrities” and “fantasy”, while the word strings they created for Jasmine included “familiar places,” electrical equipment” and “music”. The researchers used these word strings to identify connections between their dreams and real lives. Surprisingly, the results of the analysis revealed a great deal of consistency(一致性)and continuity in both sets of dreams. Izzy pays much attention to pop culture, and has affection for famous actors. Jasmine is an accomplished musician and performer.“The frequencies of dream elements show the intensity(强度)of the dreamer’s personal concern with that element in waking thought,” Domhoff and Schneider conclude. For anyone who still claims dreaming is merely random nonsense from the brain and mental world, these findings are hard to explain away.12. What do psychologists agree with about dreams?A. Dreams are influenced by life experiences.B. Dreaming is never nonsense from the brain.C. Dreams in one’s teens and twenties are strongest.D The patterns of dreaming are usually repeated.13. What does “it” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The collection of dreams.B. Research into dreaming.C. The digital method.D. The challenge for psychologists.14. How do the researchers conduct their study?A. By analyzing large data sets.B. By developing individualized word strings.C. By identifying the patterns of dreaming.D. By making comparison with traditional research.15. Which can be the best title for the text?A. New tech, new findingB. Dreams: reflections of waking realityC. Lives, languages, dreamsD. Life experiences: elements of mental world第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市七宝中学2017届高三上学期周测卷英语试题3 含答案
Test for Issue 468Grammar 10%+10%The tale of Robinson Crusoe，a British sailor who gets trapped on a faraway island，_____1_____ (tell) for hundreds of years。
Since British writer Daniel Defoe’s 1719 novel came out, the story has been made into numerous plays，films and TV series。
But just when you think there is ____2____ more you can get from this classic adventure tale, here is yet another Robinson Crusoe film –The Wild Life by Belgium's nWave animation studio。
It’s been out in the Chinese mainland _____3____ Oct 4。
The Wild Life tells the story in a quite different way。
Yes，there is a guy named Robinson Crusoe who finds himself trapped on an island after a terrible storm on the sea. But that’s it. There are no cannibals，no murders and no slaves being traded。
Instead, the narrator has changed from Crusoe himself to a chatty parrot named Mak。
2020年上海市七宝中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案
2020年上海市七宝中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AReturns & Refund Guarantee（保证；保证书）The “Returns & Refund Guarantee” is a promise provided by sellers for every item they sell on DHgate. com. When you receive an item that was bought and paid for on our site, and you find it is not as described or isof low quality, you can contact the seller to resolve these problems. DHgate will offer additional assistance if the seller is not cooperative.Scope（范围）The following points should not be included in the “Returns & Refund Guarantee”：▲The seller didn't make any promise.▲The seller can provide evidence to prove the items are as described.▲You didn't contact the seller within the promised time.▲You have released the payment to the seller before asking DHgate for help.Sellers are able to set up the following promises：Returning items for any reasonBuyers can return items for a refund within a specific date which has been set up by sellers, such as 3 days, and 7 days from the day when the items are received. The items' receiving date is the date that is indicated on the shipping carrier's official website. Buyers should prepay any return shipping cost, which will be given back to the buyers after the seller receives the items as long as the items are returned in the same exact condition as when they were delivered.Returns or Refunds accepted if the product has quality issuesBuyers can return the items for a refund when they are not as described or possess quality issues by communicating directly with the seller. The seller is responsible for the return shipping cost.Buyers can get a refund and keep the items when the items are not as described or possess quality issues by negotiating directly with sellers.1.Who can get additional assistance from DHgate in the guarantee?A.The buyers in physical stores.B.The buyers on DHgate. com.C.The sellers on DHgate. com.D.Both the buyers and the sellers.2.Which situation is within the scope of the guarantee?A.The seller didn't make any promise.B.The buyer has paid the seller in advance.C.The buyer asked for help within the promised time.D.The seller proves that there is nothing wrong with the item.3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Not all the sellers make promises.B.DHgate sometimes will pay the buyers.C.Sellers should prepay return shipping cost.D.The buyer can't keep the items after getting a refund.BEven as Google plans to test its fleet (车队) of self-driving cars on public roads this summer, its business model remains abit of a mystery. By 2025, as many as 250,000 self-driving vehicles could be sold each year globally, according to a study by an industry research firm.“Vehicles that can take anyone from A to B at the push of a button could transform mobility for millions of people,” said Chris Urmson, director of Google’s self-driving car project. For now, Google has no plans to sell any of its self-driving cars. They are strictly for research. But they will hit public roads this summer near Google’s headquarters inMountain View,California. Previous testing has taken place only on closed courses.The cars are built to operate without a steering wheel, accelerator (油门) or brake pedal. “Our software and sensors do all the work,” Urmson said. “The vehicles will be very basic — we want to learn from them and adapt them as quickly as possible — but they will take you where you want to go at the push of a button.” The prototype (雏形) is the first of a 100-car fleet the tech giant is building.In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads — the majority of auto accidents are caused by human error — and fewer traffic jams. Robotic cars could also shuttle people who can’t drive because of age or illness.Google has said that self-driving cars could launch new business models in which people buy the use of vehicles they don’t own. The company has already tested other types of self-driving cars on public streets, including modified Lexus sport-utility vehicles, under a special permit program by the California Department of Motor Vehicles that requires a human driver at the controls.The state has issued six other companies permits to operate such cars, includingDelphi, Mercedes-Benz,Volkswagen, Tesla, Bosch and Nissan. The vehicles that will be tested on open roads this summer will have removable steering wheels, accelerators and brake pedals to allow “safety drivers” to take control if needed.4. According to Chris Urmson, __________.A. self-driving cars can give driving orders to humansB. self-driving cars are specially designed for the elderlyC. software and sensors are vital for self-driving carsD. ordinary vehicles will be replaced by self-driving cars5. Paragraph 4 is meant to tell us that __________.A. many traffic accidents are caused by human errorB. some people can’t drive because of illness or ageC. Urmson has promised to create safer roads in the futureD. self-driving cars will probably help to make safer roads and decrease traffic jams6. The underlined word “issued” in the last paragraph can probably bereplaced by__________.A. givenB. claimedC. awardedD. prohibited7. What’s the author’s attitude towards self-driving cars?A. Objective.B. Indifferent.C. Subjective.D. Favorable.CEven as Google plans to test its fleet (车队) of self-driving cars on public roads this summer, its business model remains abit of a mystery. By 2025, as many as 250,000 self-driving vehicles could be sold each year globally, according to a study by an industry research firm.“Vehicles that can take anyone from A to B at the push of a button could transform mobility for millions of people,” said Chris Urmson, director of Google’s self-driving car project. For now, Google has no plans to sell any of its self-driving cars. They are strictly for research. But they will hit public roads this summer near Google’s headquarters inMountain View,California. Previous testing has taken place only on closed courses.The cars are built to operate without a steering wheel, accelerator (油门) or brake pedal. “Our software and sensors do all the work,” Urmson said. “The vehicles will be very basic — we want to learn from them and adapt them as quickly as possible — but they will take you where you want to go at the push of a button.” The prototype (雏形) is the first of a 100-car fleet the tech giant is building.In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads — the majority of auto accidents are caused by human error — and fewer traffic jams. Robotic cars could also shuttle people who can’t drive because of age or illness.Google has said that self-driving cars could launch new business models in which people buy the use of vehicles they don’t own. The company has already tested other types of self-driving cars on public streets, including modified Lexus sport-utility vehicles, under a special permit program by the California Department of Motor Vehicles that requires a human driver at the controls.The state has issued six other companies permits to operate such cars, includingDelphi, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, Tesla, Bosch and Nissan. The vehicles that will be tested on open roads this summer will have removable steering wheels, accelerators and brake pedals to allow “safety drivers” to take control if needed.8. According to Chris Urmson, __________.A. self-driving cars can give driving orders to humansB. self-driving cars are specially designed for the elderlyC. software and sensors are vital for self-driving carsD. ordinary vehicles will be replaced by self-driving cars9. Paragraph 4 is meant to tell us that __________.A. many traffic accidents are caused by human errorB. some people can’t drive because of illness or ageC. Urmson has promised to create safer roads in the futureD. self-driving cars will probably help to make safer roads and decrease traffic jams10. The underlined word “issued” in the last paragraph can probably bereplaced by__________.A. givenB. claimedC. awardedD. prohibited11. What’s the author’s attitude towards self-driving cars?A. Objective.B. Indifferent.C. Subjective.D. Favorable.DIn the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions（产生排放）and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a littleproud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybeturning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers（where videos are stored）there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.Streaming is only expected to increase as webecome more enamored ofour digital devices（设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.12. What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?A. The environmental effects of driving private cars.B. The improvements on environmental awareness.C. The change in the way people seek entertainment.D The environmental impacts of screaming services.13. What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Get more skeptical of.B. Become more aware of.C. Feel much crazier about.D. Get more worried about.14. What can we infer about the use of streaming services?A. It is being reduced to protect the planet.B. Its environmental effects are worsening.C. It is easily available to almost everyone.D. Its side effects have drawn global attention.15. Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?A. Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.B. Downloading music on a personal computer.C. Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.D. Playing online games over mobile networks.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高三上期中考试英语试题 含答案
上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高三上期中考试英语试卷满分：140分I. Listening Comprehension (25’)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She earned an award. B. She helped plan the award ceremony.C. She should work more for the community.D. She served as chairperson of the committee.2. A. Exchange the tickets. B. Take care of his cold.C. Watch the game at home.D. Wear a warmer coat to the game.3. A. She collects pictures of cars. B. She likes the design of the car.C. Someone famous is riding in the car.D. The car is in front of something interesting.4. A. She hears a new post office has just opened. B. She doesn’t know where the post office is.C. She thinks the post office is nearby.D. She hasn’t received any mail yet.5. A. Get his shower fixed. B. Take a shower at the gym.C. Find out when the gym is open.D. Move to another building.6. A. Deliver the package in person. B. Pick up the package at the post office.C. Ask to have the package delivered to his home.D. Find out the opening hours of the post office.7. A. She is difficult to find. B. She is a good doctor.C. She used to be his doctor.D. She is fairly old.8. A. She needs to buy a new coat. B. Her coat is similar to the man’s.C. Her sweater is not warm enough.D. The man should have worn a sweater.hasn’t been graded.received a low grade.C. The committee is discussing it.D. The woman hasn’t submitted it.10. A. He recently spent a month in Chicago. B. There are many things to do in Chicago.C. Chicago is an expensive place to have funD. He is also going on the trip next month.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Collect second-hand books. B. Sell old books.C. Work in a supermarket.D. Reading books in a supermarket.had the writer’s name on was partly destroyed.used to belong to was more valuable than thought.13. A. He gave it to the woman for free. B. He burnt it into ashes.C. He signed his own name on it.D. He wrote a story about it.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Shoes made for one particular customer.B. Shoes that take three months to make.C. Shoes designed by some famous companies.D. Shoes that have been popular for a century.15. A. They are beginning to make women’s shoes. B. They are increasing in number.C. They are old-fashioned.D. They are large enough.16. A. They bring wearers a great fortune.B. They, together with the wearers, are unique.C. The wearers live in the same way as 100 years ago.D. The wearers like things that can last.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear a longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to answer the following questions.17. A. Back-up devices for electricity failure.B. The necessity of electricity in daily life.C. Tips for a safe electricity supply.D. Electricity supply on aero-planes.18. A. 20 percent. B.13 percent. C. 5 percent. D. 3 percent.19. A. It must be reliable and supplied at a constant speed.B. It must be able to repair itself in case of any failure.C. It must vary in rate according to how fast a plane flies.D. It must be equal to the amount of electricity consumed by 15 homes.20. A. Charge on-board batteries. B. Keep vital systems working.C. Deliver 50 kilowatts of power.D. Provide on-board patients with help.II. Grammar and vocabulary (20’)Section ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.American Mikah Meyer has an unusual goal. He wants to visit all of the more than 400 properties operated by the National Park Service.He spent January 2017 visiting historic areas in the southeastern United States.One of his first stops was Fort Sumter, 21________ former military position in waters just off the coast of Charleston, South Carolina. Fort Sumter is famous for being the place where the first shot of the Civil War 22________(fire). It is also 23________ the first person killed in the conflict died.After years of rising tensions between Northern and Southern states, the two sides clashed in Charleston Harbor on April 12, 1861. That was when the Southern army launched an artillery attack on Fort Sumter. Federal troops surrendered the fort a short time later. Union forces eventually fought 24________(regain) control of the base, and defeated the South in 1865. A lone cannon symbolizes the fierce battle that took place on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery opened fire on this federal fort in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, marking it 25________ the day when the Civil War began.As he stood inside the large walls of Fort Sumter National Monument, Mikah Meyer looked across the water to the port at Charleston. He imagined what the area must have looked like more than a century and half ago. "You'll see across that bridge, Charleston, South Carolina. It was under siege at one point for 17 months. There were cannons that 26________ fire from where I'm standing on the fort all the way to the old town..." Meyer also visited the Charles Pinckney National Historic Site in South Carolina. There he had a chance to learn about Charles Pinckney, who helped write – and was a signer of -- the U.S. Constitution. Charles Pinckney was 29 years old when he helped draft the United States Constitution, 27________ he signed as a representative of South Carolina. He dedicated his considerable political and legal talents to 28________(establish) a strong national government. "Some people call him our forgotten founding father, but he was a political figure of early America who helped shape 29________ our eventual constitution ended up looking like..." The National Park Service helps care for what remains of Pinckney's former home and farm. Park service workers tell the stories of 18th- century plantation life for free and enslaved people.During his travels in January, Meyer had a surprise. Barack Obama, in his last few days as president, named a new national park site in Beaufort, just southof Charleston. It is called the Reconstruction Era National Monument. The Reconstruction Era National Monument will help tell the story of post-Civil war America.The Reconstruction Era 30________(stretch) from 1861 to 1898. It was a period when Americans struggled with the treatment of newly freed African Americans. The new national monument will help tell that story.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dear Colleagues,It is good to join you. Let me begin by expressing my sincere appreciation to His Majesty King Salman and Saudi Arabia for having done tremendous work of communication and coordination to make this summit possible. Facing the COVID-19 outbreak that caught us all by 31________, the Chinese government and Chinese people have been undaunted as we took on this formidable task. From day one of our fight against the outbreak, we have put people's life and health first. We have acted according to the overall 32________ of shoring up confidence, strengthening unity, ensuring science-based control and treatment and imposing targeted measures. We have 33________ the whole nation, set up collective control and treatment mechanisms and acted with openness and transparency. What we fought was a people's war against the outbreak. We have put up a strenuous struggle and made tremendous sacrifices. Now the situation in China is moving steadily in a positive direction. Life and work are quickly returning to normal. Yet, there is no way we will lower our guard or relax control.At the most difficult moment in our fight against the outbreak, China received assistance and help from a lot of members of the global 34________. Such expressions of friendship will always be remembered and cherished by the Chinese people.Major infectious disease is the enemy of all. As we speak, the COVID-19 outbreak is spreading worldwide, 35________ enormous threat to life and health and bringing formidable challenge to global public health security. The situation is disturbing and 36________. At such a moment, it is imperative for the international community to strengthen confidence, act with unity and work together in a collective response. We must 37________ step up international cooperation and foster greater synergy so that humanity as one could win the battle against such a major infectious disease.For that to happen, I would like to put forth four proposals.First, we need to be 38________ in fighting an all-out global war against the COVID-19 outbreak. The community of nations must move swiftly to stem the spread of the virus. In this regard, I propose that a G20 health ministers' meeting be convened as quick as possible to improve information sharing, strengthen cooperation on drugs, vaccines and epidemic control, and cut off cross-border infections. G20 members need to jointly help developing countries with weak public health systems enhance preparedness and response. I propose a G20 COVID-19 assistance 39________ for better information sharing and policy and action coordination with the support of the World Health Organization. Guided by the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind, China will be more than ready to share our good practices, conduct joint research and development of drugs and vaccines, and provide assistance where we can to countries 40________ by the growing outbreak. (excerpt)III. Reading Comprehension (45’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Economy rebounding after dropChina's economy experienced a sharp decline in the first quarter due to disruptions caused by the novel coronavirus outbreak, but major economic indicators improved substantially in March, indicating the country's recovery has gained a firmer footing, officials and economists said on Friday.Supportive government policies are expected to intensify in the coming quarters to expand 41________ demand by stimulating investment and consumption as the global spread of the virus may bring more headwinds to the world's second-largest economy.China's GDP in the first quarter 42________ by 6.8 percent from a year earlier, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.43________ it remains unclear whether the government will still set a GDP growth target for the year, economists said China's policy priority for the next step needs to focus on stimulating demand and stabilizing employment to 44________ a sustainable economic recovery.More proactive fiscal policies and more accommodative monetary policies are needed to prevent the economy from experiencing a second wave of 45________ caused by the global economic downturn amid the COVID-19 outbreak, they added.The country's industrial production shrank by 8.4 percent year-on-year(与上年同期相比) in the first quarter, but the decline narrowed from a 13.5 percent drop in the first two months, according to the NBS.Fixed-asset investment, which includes infrastructure and real estate investment, declined by 16.1 percent year-on-year during the first quarter, compared with a 24.5 percent plunge in the first two months.The outbreak created a severe 46________ to the country's economy in the first quarter, but major economic 47________ rebounded in March and the country's economic performance will improve further in the second quarter, NBS spokesman Mao Shengyong said at a news 48________ in Beijing on Friday.The government will 49________ policy support to expand domestic demand by increasing effective investment and releasing consumption 50________. More tax relief and financial aid will be offered to businesses to help them 51________ production and make it through the difficult times, Mao said.The Chinese stock market rose on Friday with the benchmark(基准) Shanghai Composite Index(综合指标) up by 0.66 percent to close at 2,838.49 points as the first-quarter economic shrink was 52________ in line with investors' expectations.Lian Ping, chief economist at Zhixin Investment, said the government needs to intensify policy support to prevent the economy from suffering one more time from the global economic downturn and possible collapse of 53________ demand.Chinese companies, including exporters, have seen an increase in 54________ of orders. While most large enterprises have started production again, according to NBS calculations, many smaller companies are still struggling to go back to work under rising financial difficulties and 55________ shortages."As overseas demand is shrinking dramatically, China's policy focus in the future should be on expanding domestic demand, and consumption is the most important area. More favorable policies are needed to stimulate consumption in durable goods including houses and automobiles," Lian said.41.A.social B.overseas C.agricultural D.domestic42.A.increased B.contrasted C.expanded D.contracted43.A.However B.Since C.While D.Because44.A.facilitate ern C. restrain D.transform45.A.outbreaks B. disruptions C. pandemics D.benefits46.A.blow B.recovery C.mobility D.resilience47.A.measures B.implications C.indicators D.symbols48.A.agency B.conference C.reporter D.exposure49.A.make up B.step up C.cover up D.bring up50.A.order B.accommodation C.potential D.implementation51.A.expand B.inspect C.evaluate D.resume52.A.broadly B.specifically C.initially D.elaborately53.A.internal B.external C.supply D.food54.A.alternatives B.applications C.cancellations plaints55.A.management B.fund C. supervision borSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AFamily violence and abuse prevention strategies are focused at three levels: the general population, specific groups thought to be at high risk for abuse, and families who have already experienced abuse. Public education and media campaigns aimed at the general population convey the criminal nature of domestic assault, suggest ways to prevent abuse, and identify where abuse victims can get help. However, to prevent or reduce family violence, education, elements of American culture that contribute to such violence must change. For example, violence in the media must be controlled or eliminated, and traditional gender roles and views of women and children as property must be replaced with egalitarian gender roles and respect for women and children.Another cultural change is to reduce violence-related stress by reducing poverty and unemployment and by providing adequate housing, nutrition, media care, and educational opportunities for everyone. Though programs such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) were not designed to pr event domestic violence and abuse, “they provide important assistance to low income families and thus support the functioning of these families.” Integrating families into networks of community would also enhanc e family’s well-being and provide support for families under stress.What social interventions are available for families that are already experiencing abuse or neglected? Abused women and children may seek relief at a shelter or a safe house for abused women and children with housing, food, counseling services, legal assistance, employment assistance, and an environment that empowers women byencouraging them to make independent choices about their abusive relationships and about their future. Shelters also provide a communal living situation with other abused women, which reduces the sense of isolation and helps the women express their anger and overcome feelings of guilt and inadequacy. An alternative to shelter is a safe house, a private home of individuals who volunteer to provide temporary housing to abused women who decide to leave their violent homes. Battered men are not allowed to stay at women’s shelters, but many shelters help abused men by providing money for a motel room, counseling, and support services.56. The word “egalitarian” in the first paragraph most probably means “_______”.A. relating to economicsB. relating to everyday eventsC. having to do with legal contractsD. having to do with equal treatment57.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to directly reduce violence infamilies?A. Cutting down on violence in the mediaB. the AFDC programC. Reducing unemploymentD. Strengthening family ties58. According to the passage, which of the following statements does the writer seem to support?A. Providing women more wealth can largely reduce family abuse.B. Laws must be passed to prevent family abuse.C. Unfair attitude towards women is the only cause of family abuse.D. Women should be equally paid.59. The last paragraph is organized by ____.A. listing the order of events in helping abused womenB. defining the term “safe house”C. discussing the effects of family violenceD. listing social interventions available to help the abusedBMagical Harry Potter CompetitionHow to enterSimply draw your Patronus(保护神）in the postcard-sized space below. It’s entirely up to you which creature you decide to draw. Just make sure you tell us what it is. Then fill in all the details on the form and send the whole thing to us at My Patronus, The Week Junior magazine, 31-32 Alfred Place, London, WC1E 7DP. Alternatively, you can scan your entry form and email it to competiton@, using the subject header MY PATRONUS. Your entry must reach us no later than June 2020.The entries will be judged by a panel that includes artist Levi Pinfold — who illustrates the house editions of the Harry Potter books; Emily Drabble from the charity BookTrust; and AnnaBassi, editor-in-chief of The Week Junior. Winners will be announced in The Week Junior issueOne lucky overall winner will receive a huge bundle of Harry Potter prizes including:* A family ticket to Warner Bros. Studio Tour London -The Making of Harry Potter (including up to £100 of train vouchers and up to £250 for accommodation).Y ou’ll be able to step onto authentic sets，discover the magic behind spellbinding special effects and explore the behind-the-scenes secrets of the Harry Potter film series, located at the studios where it all began.* A personalized Hogwarts house trunk full of goodies from your chosen house.* A set of the first three Harry Potter novels in hardback in your house livery, illustrated by Levi Pinfold.* A limited-edition print of artwork from the house editions, signed by artist Levi Pinfold.* Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban hardback illustrated edition signed by Kim Kay.The winner’s school will get:* Hardback editions of all seven Harry Potter novels, with cover illustrations by Jonny Duddle.* Hardback illustrated editions of the first three Harry Potter books, illustrated by Jim Kay.* The Tales of Beedle the Bard illustrated edition by Chris Riddell.* A year's subscription to The Week Junior.Runners-up* Nine runners-up will each receive a set of the first three hardback house editions in your Hogwarts house livery. Their school will get a complete set of Harry Potter hardbacks with cover illustrations by Jonny Duddle, and a year's subscription to The Week Junior.60. To enter for the competition, participants must_________ .A. send the completed form to charity BookTrustB. draw and describe their chosen PatronusC. purchase a complete set of Harry Potter seriesD. agree to subscribe to The Week Junior for a year61. What will the winner's school and the runners-up’ schools get?A. The renewal of magazine subscription.B. A set of Harry Potter novels.C. A personalized Hogwarts house trunk.D. Books illustrated by Jim Kay.62. Which of the following is TRUE about the competition?A. The judges of the competition are illustrators and editors by profession.B. The winner list will be announced no later than June 2020.C. One lucky winner can visit the Harry Potter movie sets with his/her family.D. First prize winner may win an award of up to £350 for accommodation.CGreat work is work that makes a difference in people’s lives, writes David Sturt, Executive Vice Pre sident of the O.C. Tanner Institute, in his book Great Work: How to Make a Difference People Love. Sturt insists, however, that great work is not just for surgeons or special-needs educators or the founders of organizations trying to eliminate poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. The central theme of Great Work, according to Sturt, is that anyone can make a difference in any job. It’s not the nature of the job, but what you do with the jo b that counts. As proof, Sturt tells the story of a remarkable hospital cleaner named Moses.In a building filled with doctors and nurses doing great life-saving work, Moses the cleaner makes a difference. Whenever he enters a room, especially a room with a sick child, he engages both patients and parentswith his optimism and cal m, introducing himself to the child and, Sturt writes, speaking “little comments about light and sunshine and making things clean.” He comments on any progress he sees day by day (“you’re sitting up today, that’s good.”) Moses is no doctor and doesn’t pret end to be, but he has witnessed hundreds of sick children recovering from painful surgery, and parents take comfort from his encouraging words. For Matt and Mindi, whose son McKay was born with only half of a heart, Moses became a close friend. As Sturt ex plains, “Moses took his innate (与生俱来的) talents (his sensitivity) and his practical wisdom (from years of hospital experience) and combined them into a powerful form of patient and family support that changed the critical-care experience for Mindi, Matt and little McKay.”How do people like Moses do great work when so many people just work? That was the central question raised by Sturt and his team at the O.C. Tanner Institute, a consulting company specialized in employee recognition and rewards system.O.C. Tanner launched an exhaustive Great Work study that included surveys to 200 senior executives, a further set of surveys to 1,000 managers and employees working on projects, an in-depth qualitative study of 1.7 million accounts of award-winning work (in the form of nominations (提名) for awards from corporations around the world), and one-on-one interviews with 200 difference makers. The results of the study revealed that those who do great work refuse to be defeated by the constraints of their jobs and are especially able to reframe their jobs: they don’t view their jobs as a list of tasks and responsibilities but see their jobs as opportunities to make a difference. No matter, as Moses so ably exemplifies (例证), what that job may be.63. According to Sturt, which of the following is TRUE?A. It’s not the nature of the job, but what you do that makes a difference.B. Anyone in the world is responsible to delete poverty and change the world.C. Anyone can make a difference in people’s lives no matter what kind of job he does.D. Surgeons, special-needs educators and founders of organizations can succeed more easily.64. According to this passage, how does Moses, a common hospital cleaner, make adifference in people’s lives?A. By keeping optimistic and calm when facing patients and their parents at hospital.B. By showing his special gift and working experience when working at hospital.C. By showing his sympathy and kindness to patients when entering their rooms.D. By pretending to be a doctor or nurse when entering a room with a sick child.65. The word “constraints” in the last paragraph probably refers to ______.A.demandsB. advantagesC. disadvantagesD. limitations66. What can we infer from the passage?A. Great work is work that makes a difference in people’s lives no matter what you do.B. If a boss has trouble recognizing his employees, he can ask O.C. Tanner for advice.C. Moses makes a difference through his sensitivity and his practical wisdom.D. Those who do great work are never defeated by others or their jobs themselves.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each Sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. The simplicity masks deeper layers.B. This is the Mario those who grew up with Nintendo know best.C. Yes, you really can play one-handed.Mario on an iPhone? It worksThis was not supposed to happen. For years, fans had tried to persuade Nintendo, a Japanese company, to put Mario on smartphones. 67___________________________________. Until Dec. 15, when Nintendo released Super Mario Run, for Apple iPhones and iPads. The bigger surprise? Super Mario Run is excellent.68___________________________________________. He is still the plumber who dashes from left to right across fields of grassy blocks, rivers of coins and so on. The difference is that Mario moves automatically as soon as a level loads, animated by an algorithm. Instead of controlling Mario directly, players tap to interrupt his motion and make more imaginative choices. A quick rap (连续敲击) makes Mario hop, while a longer one boosts him twice as high. If you need to clear a crack, tap midair and he’ll pirouette (竖趾旋转) , flying a bit further. It’s intuitive.69_________________________________________. Tap near a wall or when landing on blocks painted with reverse arrows, for instance, and Mario springs backward, letting you break the game’s one-wayness. It’s smart, less-is-more design that plays to the strengths of touchscreen gaming without sacrificing precision. For all its hesitance in embracing smartphones and tablets, Nintendo seems to have had no trouble designing software for them.There is one fairly serious problem with Super Mario Run: the game works only with an active Internet connection. Sever(断绝) that and the game throws up an error screen. 70____________________________________. This means you can’t play Super Mario Run on a plane without paying for wi-fi. You’re out of luck for the part of your subway commute that involves cell-service dropouts.Other than that, Super Mario Run impresses in ways sure to convince that designing games on smartphones is still a rapidly evolving—and improving—art form.第II 卷I．Summary (10’)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.EnvyIt’s a familiar but uncomfortable feeling. Your best friend will marry a handsome doctor, and the congratulatory hug you offer lacks genuine warmth. Your friend is made the t eam for Saturday’s big game, and you take a certain pleasure in telling him you can’t be there to watch him play. You smile but a voice in your head asks, why them and not you?Envy is a shortcoming of character we like to keep in our heart secretly. How shameful is it not to be looking forward with delight to your day as your best friend's bridesmaid! Who would hope your friend might suffer some injury, so you can take his place on the team?Envy is everywhere. It seems to be in our nature to hate others' gifts and good fortune, especially if we see them as advantages they shouldn't have.Envy raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but we don’t possess now. Worse still, we may even wish for and take pleasure in someone's losing what we have always desired. When you compare yourself and your life unfavorably with your friend or your colleague, you can only keep your darker emotions.So, is there a solution? Is there anything you can do to get rid of this most ungenerous emotion? Well, why not make envy the motivation you need for self-improvement? The best weapon against envy is not to compete where you can’t shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.Start by making peace with yourself, and accept the gifts which make you unique. Make an agreement with。
2020届上海市上海中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题(解析版)
上海市上海中学2020届高三上学期期中考试英语试题Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you. hear a conversation and the question about. it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you've heard1. A. He is angry B. He is exhaustedC. He is hungry.D. He is disappointed2. A. Go over his lesson B Attend the partyC. Eat out with friendsD. Take the final exam.3. A. She is most likely to be arrested B. She has forgotten to call the police.C. She may have lost her driving license.D. She is lying to the police officer4. A. Bill broke his promise B Mum will probably reward BillC. Bill failed in the testD. Mum is worried about Bills work5. A. Make a recovery plat B Go back to workC. Drop out of schoolD. Quit her present job.6. A. She gave him a lift home again B. She offered him an extra roomC She treated him well at her home D. She spared much time for him e7. A. She doesn't have time to find a new flatB. She has not paid enough rent in adC. She is unlikely to give up the nice flatD. She wants to decorate the flat during the holiday8. A. Extreme sports. B. Travel ins/lance.C. Bungee jumping.D. Diving safety.9. A. She likes Phillips' singing very muchB. She appreciates other kinds of musicalsC. She enjoys the changes of his musicalsD. She admires other singers. more than Phillips10. A. American students are too talkative in class.B. It's hard to learn a lot in an American schoolC. One can join in schooling in different waysD. Active participation is greatly encouragedSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11. A One should wait for things to happen before leavingB. One should remain silent when things are getting hardC. One should try to take control of the difficult situationD. One should turn to other people for instant help12. A. By motivating himself to take action.B. By seeking help from his friendsC. By thinking of the meaning of life.D. By taking good care of himself13. A Life is not always peaceful and it is full of terrible accidentsB. Keep a positive attitude and focus on survival whatever happenC. Advanced equipment is the essential factor in surviving crisesD. Be ready to get immediate assistance when lost in the jungle.14. A. ln 1969 B. ln 2012 C.ln1976 D. ir201615. A Suggested creating a university of science and technology in EgyptB. Helped many Egyptian scientists to be awarded the Nobel PrizeC. Developed cooperation with the University of California in the U.SD. Provided excellent Egyptian students with more financial support16. A. For his relationship with Egyptian President.B. For his academic performance in technologyC. For his good service in the Egyptian ArmyD. For his outstanding contributions to EgyptQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It offers different opinions on old ageB. It is about how to keep healthy in old ageC. It investigates the causes of the aging problem.D. It reveals the secrets of living longer18. A. The old are thought to be healthyB. The old are reported to be poor but happyC. The old are regarded as an unattractive groupD. The old are considered dangerous to the society.19. A. They are easy to fall down with serious illnessB. They enjoy traveling and getting new experienceC. They are difficult to be recognized due to the changesD. They have no more mental problems than the middle-aged20. A Raise people's awareness of caring for the oldB. Help people take their responsibilities for the oldC. Change people's attitude towards the aged groupD. Ease people's fear and anxiety about growing old听力『答案』（略）Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to. make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.It is a rough world out there. Step outside of a shopping mall and you could break your leg ____1____(slip)on the doormat. Luckily, if the doormat failed to warn of coming danger, a successful lawsuit(官司) might compensate you for your troubles. Since the early 1980s, juries have begun holding more companies responsible for the customers' misfortunes.Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, even ladders carry a label several inches long that ____2____(warn) among other things, that you might fall off. While warnings are often necessary for companies, many still feel uncertain whether those labels can protect ___3___ from legal responsibility if a customer is injured. Actually, about 50% of the companies lose when ___4___(take) to court by the injured customer.Now the tide appears to be turning ___5___ personal injury claims continue to grow, some courts are beginning to side with defendants(被告), especially in cases___6___ a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports successfully fought a lawsuit___7___(involve)a footballer who was paralyzed (t )in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. " We are really sorry he has become paralyzed, ___8___ helmets aren't designed to prevent those kinds of injuries, "says Nimmons. The jury finally agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the injury. Meanwhile, the American Law Institute, a group of judges and lawyers, issued new guidelines stating that companies needn't warn customers of obvious dangers or annoy them with a lengthy list of possible ones ____9____information won't get buried in a sea of trivialities ( 琐事). If the moderate end of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not_____10_____ a protection against legal responsibility.『答案』1. slipping 2. warms 3. them 4. taken 5. As 6. where 7. involving 8. but 9. so 10. as『解析』本文为说明文。
上海市七宝中学2017届高三上学期期中考试英语试题 Wor
2016高三英语期中考试满分：150分I. Listening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.2. B. 7. C. 5. D. 10.2. A. At the airport. B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.D. In the hospital.3. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.D. Waiter and customer.4. A. A policeman. B. A lawyer.C. A sales manager.D. A coach.5. A. Indifferent. B. Happy. C. Satisfied. D. Disappointed.6. A. An ancient city. B. The woman’s home.C. Local customs.D. Various sightseeing.7. A. The man couldn’t leave a parcel here.B. Some personal information is required.C. The details of the parcel are needed.D. The privacy of the owner is guaranteed.8. A. She is not available tonight.B. She’s looking forward to the next party.C. She doesn’t think it’s wise to hold a party.D. She is sorry for not being able to attend.9. A. Room number. B. Date of reservation.C. Name of the booker.D. Phone number.10. A. Taking the doctor’s advice completely.B. Drinking a little every day.C. Trying to overcome his shortcomings.D. providing service for the needed ones.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Different colors. B. A lot of pockets.C. Large capacity.D. Environment-friendly.12. A. 10 kg. B. 8 kg. C. 6 kg. D. 5 kg.13. A. To compare the difference of having a right backpack and owing an improper one.B. To give people, especially the young some information about backpack trends.C. To introduce the stylish backpacks of this year and try to persuade the young to buy.D. To call for the young to change their habits of putting too much in the bags.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Because they want to relax.B. Because they have a lot of leisure time.C. Because they hope to meet an artist.D. Because they want to find something valuable.15. A. They are tired of the luxurious but not practical goods.B. They want to add some value to their collection.C. They appreciate the real crafts of the old workmen.D. They consider the price of the used goods is reasonable.16. A. Popularity of second-hand books.B. Real artist works in the past.C. A real bargain in local bookstores.D. A new fashion about second-hand goods.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear a longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to answer the following questions.17. Where is the tallest redwood tree found?A. In Muir Woods.B. In San Francisco.C. North in California.D. Near Los Angeles.18. Why do many tourists visit Muir Woods rather than other redwood forests?A. It has the tallest and oldest redwood trees.B. It has no admission fee.C. It has a good view of the coast.D. It is near San Francisco.19. What is the oldest documented age for a coastal redwood tree?A. Less than 200 years.B. Around 400 years.C. Around 800 years.D. More than 2000 years.20. What has mostly led to the redwood trees’ survival?A. Resistance bark and damp climate.B. Coastal isolation.C. Cool weather.D. Few visitors.II. Grammar and vocabulary (20%)Section ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes brought about by new technology often 21.___________(mistake) for a change in attitudes.An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children 22._________(admit) to college. According to a survey, 23._________(move) into college dormitories, children are still overly-protective. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign 24._________ today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the stage 25._________ this behavior is appropriate.However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. 26.__________ parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wa sn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents—today’s grandparents—would have called their children 27.________(often) if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students can never be financially independent 28._________ their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.Thanks to the advanced technology, we 29._________ live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem 30._________(play) nowadays in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it isuseful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The title “First Lady of the United States” is given to the wife of the national’s president. The duties of most First Ladies have included arranging and 31.________ social functions, such as state dinners. As the president’s wife, the First Lady is in a highly 32. ________ position. Therefore, her behavior can make her a role model. She can change people’s thinking by supporting a favorite 33._________. The First Lady also has 34. ________ to influential people, including the president. Many First Ladies have used their position and skills to draw attention to, and change, social and other policies, and sometimes events have forced a First Lady to take a prominent role in leading the country.First Lady Edith Wilson 35. __________ many of her husband’s duties after a stroke in 1919 left Woodrow Wilson weak and partly paralyzed(瘫痪的). For many months she decided who could see him, determined which issues required his attention, and passed on other matters to members of his staff. Some people called her the secret president, and many praised her for her judgment.After polio(小儿麻痹症) 36. _________ her husband’s mobility, Eleanor Roosevelt worked tirelessly on his behalf. Franklin Delano Roosevelt began his presidency during the Great Depression. Both he and his wife cared deeply about helping the unemployed and providing 37._________ for the needy. As First Lady, she went to places he could not go, travelling widely and reporting to him what she saw and heard. She visited 38. __________ war veterans, coal miners in Appalachia, slum dwellers, and sharecroppers; she also inspected government projects. During World War II she travelled abroad as America’s goodwill ambassador.Believing that it was vital to inform the public about the president’s and her own thoughts and actions, Eleanor Roosevelt was the first presidential wife to hold press conferences. As FirstLady, she gave lectures and radio talks and wrote articles. She began writing a newspaper column title “My Day”, which shared her views on social, political and other issues. Thousands of people wrote to her, asking for help. When she could not answer a letter 39. _________, she forwarded it to the appropriate government agency to answer.Eleanor Roosevelt was an outspoken supporter of civil rights and worked to end prejudice. She 40.__________women to be politically active and supported programs to aid jobless women. As a result of her influence, there were more women than ever before working in a president’s administration.III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Communications is a collective term for the many methods of sharing information. Written language allows people to communicate with one another across ____41____ and through time because a written document communicates the same information to different people. Spoken information is often ___42____ from person to person, and the message may get distorted in the process.The first innovation in what might be thought of as modern communications took place in the mid-1400s when Johannes Gutenberg printed a Bible on his movable-type printing press. ____43____ Gutenberg’s innovation, many copies of a text could be quickly distributed across large areas. The cost of information and the difficulty of acquiring it were ___44_____. During the four centuries that followed this breakthrough, ___45___, the only improvements in the technology were minor changes in the machines and materials. Moreover, as for the speed, communications and the person or vehicle delivering the message remained ___46____.Beginning in 1837, ____47___ in the form of electromagnetic impulses could be sent through wires using the code of “dits”and “dahs”devised by Samuel F.B. Morse. Then, in 1876, only decades after the birth of the telegraph, Alexander Graham Bell summoned his assistant from another room by saying “Waston, come here. I want you”into a machine. His telephone was introduced to the public just two months later. The next year Thomas Edison ___48____ thewords “Mary had a little lamb” and invented the phonograph(留声机), on which the recording could be ___49___.By the end of the century, communications had become ___50____. Guglielmo Marconi patented his “black box”—an early radio—in 1896. In the 1930s television technology added pictures to sound; as a result, by the 1950s, TV sets were ___51____ in American homes. In the 1960s, satellites orbiting Earth made it possible to transmit radio and TV signals around the world in an instant.The next ____52____ in communications would prove to be a monumental one—the computer. An invention ___53____ by the needs of the military during World War II, the first computer was a huge machine. In 1971, the microprocessor chip ushered in the ear of small computers. ARPANET, a network of government and university researchers, evolved into the Internet, now ___54____ by people of all ages and backgrounds. By the 21st century, what had once been a rugged road of ___55____ had become a well-paved information superhighway.41.A. generations B. departments C. distances D. roads42.A. repeated B. required C. sought D. gathered43.A. In addition to B. Rather than C. In contrast with D. As a result of44.A. calculated B. reduced C. estimated D. presented45.A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. otherwise46.A. stable B. unknown C. equal D. mysterious47.A. codes B. pictures C. messages D. sounds48.A. wrote B. recorded C. invented D. pronounced49.A. played B. performed C. copied D. devised50.A. regular B. direct C. effective D. wireless51.A. unfamiliar B. valuable C. rare D. common52.A. milestone B. signal C. substitute D. commitment53.A. avoided B. sped C. removed D. overlooked54.A. maintained B. launched C. accessed D. developed55.A. communications B. multimedia C. inventions D. technologySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe multi-million pound new Library of Birmingham（LoB）will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization (数字化) of everyday life.Set to open in 2013, the £188 m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.As digital media is important to its idea, the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles, the LoB project director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning: “The aim is to mix the physical with the digital, providing 24-hour services which can be used through many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual world’s specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.Two other small Birmingham-based digital companies are working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development. And The People’s Archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the library’s content and services open to citizens as never before.”56. While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can ______.A. get a general idea of the LoBB. meet more world-famous expertsC. learn how to put up a library buildingD. understand how the specialists work on the project57. Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens?a. It offers better learning tools.b. It reaches users in different ways.c. It provides users with smart phone.d. It allows users to enrich its material.e. It gives non-stop physical and digital services.A. a, b, dB. a, c, eC. b, c, dD. b, d, e58. This text is most probably taken from ______.A. a computer bookB. a library guideC. a project handbookD. a newspaper reportBIn an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the mysterious dragon bone hieroglyphics." Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one: "to promise or show something desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope." Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a word's origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [> Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the word's origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning "to tease or torment by arousing desire"?Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes such an alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plugtheir ears so that they wouldn't hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who attract sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger!When someone speaks of a "jovial mood" or a "Herculean effort," he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths.Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, and Thursday was originally Thor's day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology, including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements.Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too.It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language.59. We learn from the passage, all English dictionaries include ________.A. legendsB. mythologyC. word originsD. word definitions60. The example of tantalize is to show ________.A. how the word came into existenceB. how Tantalus was punished in the lower worldC. how all English dictionaries show word originsD. how the meaning of the word changed over the years61. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT have origins in myths or legends?A. Jovial.B. Wednesday.C. Earth.D. March.62. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Greek and Roman Mythology in Language.B. Mythological Origins of English Words.C. Historical Changes in Word Meanings.D. Mythology and Common Words.CSpace exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力) struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They resonated (共鸣) with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up at odds with each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no successor. The argument is that funds are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit (赤字), reaching toward the stars seems a dispensable luxury—as if saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems.But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modem Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up attack on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us—not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the spin-off technologies they produce, but because the two types of dreams feed off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can go beyond what were once considered inherent limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will go beyond theseas well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the credit. The more evidence we collect that our species is capable of greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.63. How did the general public view Kennedy’s space exploration plan?A. It symbolized the American spirit.B. It was as urgent as racial equality.C. It made an ancient dream come true.D. It sounded very much like a dream.64. What does the author say about America’s aim to ex plore space?A. It cannot be realized without technological innovation.B. It will not help the realization of racial and economic equality.C. It may not bring about immediate economic gains.D. It cannot be achieved without a good knowledge of the other worlds.65. What is the author’s attitude toward space programs?A. Critical.B. indifferent.C. Reserved.D. Supportive.66. What does the author think of the problems facing human beings?A. They pose a serious challenge to future human existence.B. Their solutions need joint efforts of the public and private sectors.C. They can be solved sooner or later with human ingenuity.D. They can only be solved by people with optimism and ambition.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.There are many people you are well advised to treat kindly: Your child’s teacher, your husband or wife, your boss and so on. 67._____________________ Old thinking: Hey, they’re here to serve me. I don’t have to make a special effort to be nice to them.Dangerously wrong.A recent New York Times story told the instructive tale of a Uber passenger, Hussein Kanji, who says he’s really not sure how he made his driver angry. All he knows is that his driver-generated rating went way down and the wait for a Uber car became hours instead of minutes.Beware, Uberians: If you’re feeling angry when you slide into the back seat and you give your driver the silent treatment, your reputation may get damaged in the driver-generated ratings.68._____________________Uber isn’t the only front on this battlefield. 69. ____________________ It helps everyone weed out people with bad attitudes and worse habits. These ratings should cut both ways. A while back, the auction site eBay made many of its sellers angry when it started preventing them from giving negative ratings to buyers. Until then, sellers and buyers had threatened each other with negative reviews. Too many negative reviews could get you thrown off. Then eBay shifted the balance of power to buyers. Sellers can still write a bad comment, but the overall rating cannot be anything but positive. Think positive!We know that being nice to peop le all day can be exhausting. We’ve also seen people who shout at those who don’t measure up to their expectations for service.Uber is reportedly about to come to Chicago. 70.____________________ We know Uber is a two-way street. But drivers who get too picky may end up with no passengers.第II 卷I．Summary (15%)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.British scientist Isaac Newton (1643-1727) once said, “If I have seen further, it is by standing upon the shoulders of giants.” And this year’s Nobel Prize in chemistry may have best explained these words.This year’s prize was divided between three scientists –Frenchman Jean-Pierre Sauvage, British-born Sir J. Fraser Stoddart and Dutch scientist Bernard L. Feringa. They were awarded the prize for creating the world’s smallest machines.How small? Instead of being made of nails and bolts (钉子和螺栓) like regular machines, they are made of molecules (分子). Instead of measuring in meters or centimeters, they measure in nanometers (纳米) – one billionth of a meter – much thinner than a human hair.But this was achieved neither overnight, nor alone.Back in 1983, Sauvage, who is now a retired professor at the University of Strasbourg, France, started doing the research. He managed to join two ring-shaped molecules together to form a chain. The work is so hard and delicate that The Guardian describes it as like “building a Lego castle in the dark with boxing (拳击) gloves”.If what Sauvage had done was building the body of a car, what Stoddart managed to do 10 years later in 1991 was adding wheels to the car. Stoddart, who now works at Northwestern University, US, developed a struc ture known as “rotaxanes”, which meant that a ring of atoms could move around an axle (轴).And just like a car, the molecular machine needs a motor to run. So in 1999, Feringa, of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, became the first person to create an actual molecular motor. The molecular machine was powered by electricity.But what is the use of a machine so small that we can’t even see it? According to scientists, the machines can benefit various fields like the creation of new materials and medical treatment methods.“There are endless opportunities,” Feringa told Reuters. “Think of a tiny micro-robot that a doctor in the future will inject into your blood and it will go to search for a cancer cell or deliver a drug, for instance.”II．Translation (15%)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.确保人们生命财产安全是警察的职责。
2020年上海市七宝实验中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析
2020年上海市七宝实验中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA Lifelong Devotion to Keeping People FedYuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator, known for developing the hybrid rice varieties.Yuan graduated from the Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1953 andbegan his teaching career at an agriculture school.In the 1960s, when a serious food shortage sweptChina, Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice. He then began a lifelong connection with rice.Yuan succeeded in growing the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu (about 0.067 hectares), rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu. For the next four decades, he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice, achieving increasingly higher outputs. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by Yuan’s team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.InChina, where rice is the main food for the majority of the 1.4 billion people, the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares, or 57 % of the total planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.Hybrid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries, including theU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam, thePhilippinesandMadagascar. The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.Even after a great success, Yuan never held himself back from making new breakthroughs. In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice inQingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6.67 million hectares of saline-alkaline land acrossChinato boost the country’s rice harvest by about 20 %. In 2018, Yuan’s team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields inDubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwestChina’sQinghaiProvince. The experiment succeeded.Yuan had two dreams — to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.1. What made Yuan Longping decide to study rice?A. A serious food shortage.B. Agriculture development.C. His interest in the rice experiment.D. His wish to plant the tallest rice in the world.2. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping ________.A. developed a variety of hybrid riceB. worked as a scientist after graduationC. started to grow seawater rice inDubaiin 2017D. grew the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 19533. We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longping’s most outstanding qualities are________.A. modest and outgoingB. honest and creativeC. generous and optimisticD. responsible and devotedBLearning to say “yes, and”When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However,I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect opportunity to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.During our first class, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that, as improvisers, we’d better accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes” and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong.The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable andeven started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a presentation about my science, an audience member surprised me with a question that didn’t grow out of the information I’d presented. Instead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approach—accepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an appropriate answer. I got pretty excited about it.The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end upidentifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth findingout whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support a preconceived (先入为主的) story, but to say “yes, and.”4. Why did the author attend the improvisation class?A. To get a different experience.B. To finish her Ph.D. at university.C. To give up her job as a science communicator.D. To improve her speaking and communicating ability.5. What was the author’s change after attending the improvisation class?A. She formed her own idea quickly.B. She came up with lots of creative responses.C. She paid more attention to the logic of answers.D. She became a good listener before giving an opinion.6. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to ______.A. explain the process of using the methodB. prove the benefits of the improvisation classC. share her own research experiences with readersD. attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class7. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph?A. They should attend the improvisation class.B. They should question all preconceived ideas.C. They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.D. They should try to improve their professional knowledge.CIf you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. Ifyou have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge?You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debatefor the rare chances.The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done inAntarctica.Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure.Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?8. What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs?A. They will land on Mars in 2023.B. They can get money from donors.C. They will compete in a TV show.D. They do not need special skills.9. What will the first colonists do to solve the basic living problems on Mars?A. Create earth-like conditions.B. Build labs inAntarctica.C. Spin the spaceship.D. Start the Mars500Mission.10. What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage?A. Difficult and dangerous.B. Different but adaptable.C. Challenging and unbearable .D. Acceptable but depressing.11. What’s the best title for the text?A. Mars: our final destination?B. Ready to be Mars’ colonists?C. Space travel: a thrilling adventure?D. Are you a qualified Mars astronaut?DSome of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.12. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?A. Weather patterns.B. Salt crystals.C. Wet conditions.D. Drought Periods.13. Which of the following may researchers agree with?A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.14. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?A. Worried.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Positive.15. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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2020届上海市七宝中学2017级高三上学期期中考试
英语试卷
★祝考试顺利★
Ⅱ. Grammar
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in he blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blanks with the proper form of the given word; for the blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.
When I worked part-time in a local bookstore at my early age -- so easily - pictured, if you do not work in one, as a kind of paradise where not only ____1____ one read his own favorite books but also encounter charming young ladies (one of my personal fantasies) who browse eternally among Toni Morrison or Ernest Hemingwast thing that chiefly struck me was that really bookish people are a rarity, ____2____ there are vast numbers of those who consider themselves to be such. Often they will introduce themselves when they enter the bookshop ____3____ ‘book people’ and insist on telling you that ‘we love books’. They will wear T-shirts or carry bags with slogans explaining exactly how much they think they adore books. It is clear that the was they dress themselves is quite similar to that of us bookish people, but that is ____4____ the similarities between them and us begin and end. And ____5____ (sure) means of identifying them is that they never, ever buy books.
These days it is so rare that I find time to read that, when I do, it feels like indulgence, more so than any, other sensory experience. When an important relationship in my twenties ____6____ (break) up the only thing I could do was to read, and I amassed a pile of books ___7___ I sank and escaped from the world around me and inside me. The landscapes of Yu Hua,
Wang Shou, Ernest Hemingway, George Orwell, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Harper Lee and others protected me from my own thoughts, which were pushed into the background, where ___8___ could silently process without bothering me. I created a physical wall on my desk, ____9____ (make) from the books, and as I read them the wall slowly came down until it was gone.
In a more real sense, books are the best way in which one enriches his own life and the enormous numbers of them out there in the world excite me, especially when I visit second-hand bookstores with no intention
____10____ (search) for a certain book. It is like casting a net and never knowing what you will find when you gather it in. As Goglo put in it in Dead Souls: “Once, long ago, in the years of my youth, in the years of my childhood, which have flashed irretrievably（不能挽回地）by, it was a joy for me to drive for the very first time to a p lace unknown.”
【答案】1. can 2. although
3. as
4. where
5. the surest
6. broke
7. into which
8. they 9. made
10. to search
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。
作者记叙了自己热爱读书的感受以及读书对自己的影响。
【1题详解】
考查情态动词。
句意：在书店里,一个人不仅可以阅读自己喜欢的书,还会遇到迷人的年轻女士,她们总是在托妮·莫里森和欧内斯特·赫明之间流连。
根据句意,该空表示“可以,能够”,故填can。
【2题详解】
考查让步状语从句。
句意：让我印象最深刻的是,真正爱读书的人是罕见的,尽管有很多人认为自己是这样的人。
根据句意,该空表示“尽管”,且引导从句,故填although。