英美概况文学部分
【英美概况】【课堂笔记】美国文学american literature
AMERICAN LITERATUREWe shall not cease from explorationAnd the end of all our exploringWill be to arrive where we startedAnd know the place for the first time.T.S. Eliot --- Little GiddingLiterature represents the language of a people, their culture and their tradition. But the reading of literature is more important to us than just a historical or cultural activity. Literature introduces us to new worlds of experience. When we enjoy the comedies and the tragedies of poems, stories, and plays, we may also grow and evolve through our literary journey with books.American literature is a literature that has recorded the stories of a search. Early explorers searched for new lands and new wealth. The puritans searched for a place that would become the ideal community, one of which God would approve. Many Americans travelled across America simply because they were restless and were searching for new experiences and opportunities. These searches can be said to be the “pursuit of happiness” and Americ an literature is the story of that pursuit.Some of the early literature was concerned with life in the cities and on the frontier. It created heroes and characters that epitomised the adventurous, the brave and the strong individual. This literature could be said to have created a history for a country which, in European eyes, had very little history!As the country expanded westwards, some authors questioned some of the beliefs and lifestyle of the established east coast communities. For instance, Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote a book called ‘Nature’ that questioned whether or not humans needed religion to reach a higher state of spirituality. Henry Thoreau wrote about how important it was for individuals to think for themselves, and claimed that an individua l’s conscience is more important than the demands of society. These ideas caused much controversy and discussion.Other writers of this time were writing about human imagination and emotion, rather than intellect. These novels asked the reader to understand the nature of guilt, pride and emotional repression, and to find meaning in his/her life.After the Civil War (1861-1865) many Americans became discontent with the growing materialism of society, and some writers wrote about the harsher reality which was facing some Americans in their daily lives. For instance, they wrote of poor working conditions, unsympathetic reactions by the community to someone who has committed ‘sin’, and of people findingthemselves trapped in their environment and struggling to find happiness.There were also writers like Emily Dickinson who wrote poems such as this:If I can stop one heart from breaking,I shall not live in vain;If I can ease one life the aching,Or cool one pain,Or help one fainting robinUnto his nest again,I shall not live in vain.The first half of the 20th century saw the emergence of writersc alled “Imagists” whose poems focused on strong, concrete images. An example of this style was T.S.Eliot’s poem called the ‘The Waste Land’. This poem created images for the reader to interpret. Another such writer was E. E. Cumming, who threw away the rules of punctuation, spelling and even changed the way words were placed on the page.In the 1920’s in New York there emerged of a lively, powerful form of African-American music called jazz, and at the same time African-American writers began writing about the black community and their lives. Their writings used the rhythms drawn from their African and slavery. They told the American people not only about the injustices that society inflicted upon blacks, but also about the rich cultural life of the “the new negro” who was proud of his/her racial identity. Two African-American writers of this period were Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen.Mother To Son by Langston HughesWell, son, I'll tell you:Life for me ain't been no crystal stair.It's had tacks in it,And splinters,And boards torn up,And places with no carpet on the floor—Bare.But all the timeI'se been a-climbin' on,And reachin' landin's,And turnin' corners,And sometimes goin' in the darkWhere there ain't been no light.So, boy, don't you turn back.Don't you set down on the steps.'Cause you finds it's kinder hard.Don't you fall now—For I'se still goin', honey,I'se still climbin',And life for me ain't been no crystal stair.Post World War 2 authors started to write about American society in ways that questioned the direction in which society was going. After a short period of conservatism (1940’s and 1950’s), Americans saw a significant change in their culture and lifestyle. It was the period of African-American activism/protest, the feminist movement, the sexual revolution, the peace movement, and, it was a time when many alternative lifestyles were being experimented with. Politically, the world was in the midst of the Cold War between the USA with its political allies and the USSR and communism in general.People who immigrated to America were often said to be pursuing “The American Dream”. The term “The American Dream” represented an ideal. Simply stated, it meant that in America a person could achieve anything if he/she really wanted it enough. In recent history some people started doubting the possibility of this ideal: it seemed that the ideal could not be possible while society was the way that it was. Some people wanted to change society, and said that “The Dream” should be not be so much about economic success but more about personal fulfillment and the development of a just and caring society. People wanted to feel that they had a purpose in society, where they were needed, where they could fulfill their potential and where they could develop as an individual. It can be seen that some writers expressed a sense of hopelessness about achieving “The Dream” in their books and poetry.Richard Coryby Edwin Arlington RobinsonWhenever Richard Cory went downtown,We people on the pavement looked at him:He was a gentleman from sole to crown,Clean favored, and imperially slim.And he was always quietly arrayed,And he was always human when he talked;But still he fluttered pulses when he said, “Good morning,” and he glittered when he walked. And he was rich -- yes, richer than a king,And admirably schooled in every grace:In fine, we thought that he was everythingTo make us wish that we were in his place.So on we worked, and waited for the light,And went without the meat, and cursed the bread, And Richard Cory, one calm summer night,Went home and put a bullet through his head.Books, such as the following, also reflected this era:‘Catch 22’ (Joseph Heller) portrayed war as an absurd exercise for madmen. (1961)‘Death of a Salesman’ (Arthur Miller) is a play about the com mon man pressured by society. He tries to provide for his family but ultimately he fails to achieve what he thinks (and what society thinks) he should achieve. His unfulfilled dreams lead to a tragic ending.‘Native Son’ (Richard Wright) is a novel which has a black hero, whose character has been heavily impacted upon by a violent and cruel society. (1940)‘Catcher in the Rye’ (J.D.Salinger) is a book which portrays, through the eyes of a teenage boy, the hypocrisies of the adult world. The boy feels a sense of hopelessness about his world.Toni Morrison’s poems portrayed strong black women in society, and the struggles of growing up being black in America during the 1960’s and 1970’s.‘America’ (Allen Ginsberg) is a poem of anger and rage. It expresses the feelings of the Beat writers about the state of American culture in the 1950’s and 1960’s. Th e poem rages against the traditional American values of that time.‘The Kitchen God’s Wife’ by Amy Tan (1991) is a novel about her mother, who was born in China but who later, with her American husband, moved to America. The novel shows how the author sees her mother as a slight embarrassment, because of her traditional Chinese behaviour. Her mother tells her the story of her life in China. At the end of the story the young women comes to see her mother in an entirely different way. The love for her mother is still there, but her respect for her is now immense. Amy Tan was born in America and lives with her family.Extra PoemsWhat Fifty Said by Robert Frost (1925) When I was young my teachers were the old.I gave up fire for form till I was cold.I suffered like a metal being cast.I went to school to age to learn the past.Now when I am old my teachers are the young. What can't be molded must be cracked and sprung.I strain at lessons fit to start a suture.I got to school to youth to learn the future.Hey, that's no way to say goodbye by Leonard CohenI loved you in the morning, our kisses deep and warm,your hair upon the pillow like a sleepy golden storm, yes, many loved before us, I know that we are not new,in city and in forest they smiled like me and you, but now it's come to distances and both of us must try,your eyes are soft with sorrow,Hey, that's no way to say goodbye.I'm not looking for another as I wander in my time, walk me to the corner, our steps will always rhyme you know my love goes with you as your love stays with me,it's just the way it changes, like the shoreline and the sea,but let's not talk of love or chains and things we can't untie,your eyes are soft with sorrow,Hey, that's no way to say goodbye.I loved you in the morning, our kisses deep and warm,your hair upon the pillow like a sleepy golden storm, yes many loved before us, I know that we are not new,in city and in forest they smiled like me and you, but let's not talk of love or chains and things we can't untie,your eyes are soft with sorrow,Hey, that's no way to say goodbye.So long, Marianne by Leonard CohenCome over to the window, my little darling,I'd like to try to read your palm.I used to think I was some kind of Gypsy boy before I let you take me home.Now so long, Marianne, it's time that we beganto laugh and cry and cry and laugh about it all again.Well you know that I love to live with you,but you make me forget so very much.I forget to pray for the angelsand then the angels forget to pray for us.Now so long, Marianne, it's time that we began ...We met when we were almost youngdeep in the green lilac park.You held on to me like I was a crucifix,as we went kneeling through the dark.Oh so long, Marianne, it's time that we began ...Your letters they all say that you're beside me now. Then why do I feel alone?I'm standing on a ledge and your fine spider web is fastening my ankle to a stone.Now so long, Marianne, it's time that we began ...For now I need your hidden love.I'm cold as a new razor blade.You left when I told you I was curious,I never said that I was brave.Oh so long, Marianne, it's time that we began ...Oh, you are really such a pretty one.I see you've gone and changed your name again. And just when I climbed this whole mountainside, to wash my eyelids in the rain!Oh so long, Marianne, it's time that we began ...It Ain’t Me Babe by Bob DylanGo 'way from my window,Leave at your own chosen speed.I'm not the one you want, babe,I'm not the one you need.You say you're lookin' for someone Never weak but always strong,To protect you an' defend you Whether you are right or wrong, Someone to open each and every door, But it ain't me, babe,No, no, no, it ain't me, babe,It ain't me you're lookin' for, babe.Go lightly from the ledge, babe,Go lightly on the ground.I'm not the one you want, babe,I will only let you down.You say you're looking' for someone Who will promise never to part, Someone to close his eyes for you, Someone to close his heart, Someone who will die for you an' more, But it ain't me, babe,No, no, no, it ain't me, babe,It ain't me you're lookin' for, babe.Go melt back into the night, babe, Everything inside is made of stone. There's nothing in here movingAn' anyway I'm not alone.You say you're looking for someone Who'll pick you up each time you fall, To gather flowers constantlyAn' to come each time you call,A lover for your life an' nothing more, But it ain't me, babe,No, no, no, it ain't me, babe,It ain't me you're lookin' for, babe.The Times They Are A-Changing by Bob Dylan Come gather 'round peopleWherever you roamAnd admit that the watersAround you have grownAnd accept it that soonYou'll be drenched to the bone.If your time to youIs worth savin'Then you better start swimmin'Or you'll sink like a stoneFor the times they are a-changin'.Come writers and criticsWho prophesize with your penAnd keep your eyes wideThe chance won't come againAnd don't speak too soonFor the wheel's still in spinAnd there's no tellin' whoThat it's namin'.For the loser nowWill be later to winFor the times they are a-changin'.Come senators, congressmenPlease heed the callDon't stand in the doorwayDon't block up the hallFor he that gets hurtWill be he who has stalled There's a battle outsideAnd it is ragin'.It'll soon shake your windows And rattle your wallsFor the times they are a-changin'. Come mothers and fathers Throughout the landAnd don't criticizeWhat you can't understandYour sons and your daughters Are beyond your command Your old road isRapidly agin'.Please get out of the new oneIf you can't lend your handFor the times they are a-changin'. The line it is drawnThe curse it is castThe slow one nowWill later be fastAs the present nowWill later be pastThe order isRapidly fadin'.And the first one nowWill later be lastFor the times they are a-changin'.Suzanne by Leonard CohenSuzanne takes you down to her place near the river You can hear the boats go byYou can spend the night beside herAnd you know that she's half crazyBut that's why you want to be thereAnd she feeds you tea and orangesThat come all the way fromChinaAnd just when you mean to tell herThat you have no love to give herThen she gets you on her wavelengthAnd she lets the river answerThat you've always been her loverAnd you want to travel with herAnd you want to travel blindAnd you know that she will trust youFor you've touched her perfect body with your mind.And Jesus was a sailorWhen he walked upon the waterAnd he spent a long time watchingFrom his lonely wooden towerAnd when he knew for certainOnly drowning men could see himHe said "All men will be sailors thenUntil the sea shall free them"But he himself was brokenLong before the sky would openForsaken, almost humanHe sank beneath your wisdom like a stoneAnd you want to travel with himAnd you want to travel blindAnd you think maybe you'll trust himFor he's touched your perfect body with his mind. Now Suzanne takes your handAnd she leads you to the riverShe is wearing rags and feathersFrom Salvation Army countersAnd the sun pours down like honeyOn our lady of the harbourAnd she shows you where to lookAmong the garbage and the flowersThere are heroes in the seaweedThere are children in the morningThey are leaning out for loveAnd they will lean that way foreverWhile Suzanne holds the mirrorAnd you want to travel with herAnd you want to travel blindAnd you know that you can trust herFor she's touched your perfect body with her mind.。
英美概况课程教学大纲(全理论的)
《英美概况》教学大纲课程名称：英美概况课程代码：04213020课程类别：公共基础课课程性质：必修总学时：64 理论学时：64先修课程：《综合英语》适用专业：应用英语、商务英语开课单位：经管学院一、课程性质、目的课程性质：《英语国家概况》是英语专业的一门知识性基础课。
本课程以英语为媒介，比较系统地向学生阐述世界主要英语国家的社会与文化背景，如地理、历史、政治、经济、社会生活和文化传统等方面的基本知识。
它是英语专业学生学习英语专业其它语言基础课和在高年级阶段学习英语文学和翻译等课程的基础。
课程目的：本课程的教学目的是提高学生在跨文化语言运用过程中对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，从而改善学生的跨文化语言运用能力。
二、课程内容和学时分配第一章大不列颠与北爱尔兰简介【教学基本要求】对英国的社会及文化背景作全面概括，使学生了解英国社会和文化的过去和现在的情况。
【教学时数】 6【教学重点和难点】重点：英国社会背景文化知识介绍。
难点：英国的民族与宗教及政治体制。
【教学内容】英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士的地理、语言发展和民族特点，以及北爱尔兰地理、宗教信仰及民族独立问题。
第二章英国政府与当代政治、经济【教学基本要求】使学生认识英国的政府统治体制和议会程序及选举制度，同时了解英国当代的政治经济情况。
【教学时数】 6【教学重点和难点】重点：英国政府体制的特色；民族等级制度对人民生活的影响；英国经济发展的原因。
难点：英国政府议会选举程序。
【教学内容】1、英国君主立宪制度议会制度及内阁2、英国选举制度、政党制及政治发展趋势3、英国经济概况、农业及飞机工业的发展第三章英国的对外关系【教学基本要求】通过课文讲解使学生认识英国的发展历史、外交政策及英美两国的关系。
【教学时数】6【教学重点和难点】重点：英帝国的扩张历史；难点：对外政策的基础和对外关系发展。
【教学内容】1、大英帝国的扩张历史及现状、英国对外政策的基础和立足点2、英国与北约、欧盟等一些国际组织的关系3、英美两个资本主义大国之间的关系第四章英国社会文化与生活【教学基本要求】通过教学，让学生了解英国的教育体制和社会各阶层的生活情况。
英美概况 英国部分 第三章ppt
A 1 Husbands & Wives
Redefinition and adjustment of needs and values The effects of newlyemerging work patterns
A 1 Husband and Wives
Decision Making
英美概况ppt英美国家概况ppt英国概况ppt英美文学选读ppt英美饮食文化ppt英美文化ppt英美文学ppt英国ppt英国介绍ppt英国文学简史ppt
Chapter 3 Family & Relationship (2)
Families
All happy families are alike, but every unhappy one is unhappy in its own way. Leo Tolstoy (18281910), Anna Karenina, I, (1876)
Focal questions
How do you think the roles of men and women have changed in Britain over the post-war period? How can you explain these changes? What is the allocation of decision-making in modern British families? Why? What do you think has caused the ―generation gap‖? Is there any remedy for this? What is the living situation of old people in Britain? Do you think, generally speaking, they are living happy lives?
英美概况知识点总结归纳
英美概况知识点总结归纳英美概况是指英国和美国的文化、历史、政治、经济、教育等各方面的概况。
这两个国家在世界上具有重要的地位，对世界文化和政治产生了深远的影响。
下面将对英美概况的各个方面进行总结归纳。
一、文化概况1. 英国文化英国是一个拥有悠久历史的国家，其文化底蕴深厚。
英国文学自古至今在世界范围内具有重要地位，莎士比亚、狄更斯、奥斯丁等众多文学家的作品至今仍然备受人们喜爱。
英国音乐、戏剧、电影等领域也有着丰富的传统。
2. 美国文化美国是一个移民国家，因此其文化融合了来自世界各地的元素，呈现出多元化和包容性。
美国文学、音乐、电影等在世界上具有很大影响力，如杰克·伦敦、海明威、福克纳等作家的作品、爵士乐、摇滚乐、好莱坞电影等都深受人们喜爱。
3. 英美文化交流英美两国之间的文化交流十分频繁，互相影响。
英国音乐、戏剧、文学等在美国具有很大影响力，而美国的流行音乐、电影、文化现象也在英国广受欢迎。
二、历史概况1. 英国历史英国历史可以追溯到古代，罗马、盎格鲁-撒克逊、诺曼底人等不同民族和文化在英国留下了深远的影响。
英国从16世纪开始成为世界上的帝国大国，殖民了大量领土。
20世纪初，英国逐渐衰落，但仍然在政治、文化方面占有重要地位。
2. 美国历史美国历史相对年轻，但是却是一个充满传奇色彩的国家。
美国独立战争后成为独立国家，并在19世纪成为世界上最强大的国家之一。
20世纪，美国在两次世界大战后成为世界超级大国，对世界政治、经济产生了深远影响。
3. 英美历史关系英国曾是美国的殖民地，双方有着深厚的历史渊源。
美国革命后，两国保持了密切的关系，经济、文化、政治等方面有着广泛的交流合作。
三、政治概况1. 英国政治英国是一个君主立宪制国家，国家元首是君主，首相是政府首脑。
英国的政治体系成熟稳定，经过数百年的发展，形成了一套完善的议会制度和法律体系。
2. 美国政治美国是一个总统制国家，总统是国家元首和政府首脑。
英美概况中文版
第一篇英联邦第一章土地和人民第一节英吉利群岛和大不列颠一、名字和位置当读英文书籍的时候，一个人应当理解下面几个名词：A）英吉利群岛；B）不列颠（大不列颠）；C）英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士；D）北爱尔兰E）联合王国——大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国欧洲大陆西部边缘及西部以外，有数千座岛，通常被叫做英吉利群岛。
群岛中最大的岛屿叫做大不列颠，为了简单起见，简称不列颠，不过官方正式名称仍为大不列颠。
它南北走向近1000公里，东西绵延约500公里，面积大约为23万平方公里。
但是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国的整体面积也只是稍多与24万平方公里，人口为5740万（1990）。
就大不列颠岛本身而言，被分为三部分，也被认为是三个国家：地处南部的英格兰，北部的苏格兰，和东南部的威尔士。
英格兰是三个政治实体中最大、最发达的一部分，土地面积超过13万平方公里，占了整个大不列颠岛近60%；人口超过4700万，约为正个国家的85%。
英格兰在大不列颠的地位如此重要以至于外国人称呼整个大不列颠为“英格兰”，这种习俗也用在了对人的称呼上，占多数的英格兰人被认为等同于“英国人”。
在面积和人口上，苏格兰都居第二位，78760平方公里的土地占不列颠岛不到30%，500万的人口不足整座岛的十分之一。
威尔士在面积和人口上都是最小的，面积20700平方公里，仅为9%，人口300万，约为全岛的5%。
在18世纪（1707）前，整座岛并不叫做大不列颠。
公元5世纪的时候，来自北欧叫做Angle s部落、Saxons部落、Jutes部落的入侵者占据了岛屿南部并据为己有，那时才开始采用英格兰的名字。
他们的语言就是“Englis h”，后来成为整个国家的官方语言。
“Engl”这一部分来自“Angles”，“ish”意为“属于的东西”，整个“Englis h”的意思就是属于“Angles”的语言。
英美概况大题知识点总结
英美概况大题知识点总结1. 位置与面积:- 英国位于欧洲大陆的西北部，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个国家组成，是一个岛国，又称不列颠群岛。
- 美国位于北美洲的中北部，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，与加拿大和墨西哥为邻。
是全球第三大、北美洲第二大的国家。
2. 地形:- 英国地貌复杂，地势起伏。
苏格兰地区有高山，如本提高地、格兰特群山、高地等，英格兰和威尔士地势较低，北爱尔兰地区以丘陵地形为主。
- 美国地大物博，地貌多样。
东部大西洋沿岸是低洼平原，中部是多河流盆地、大草原和沙漠，西部有洛矶山脉、科罗拉多高原和内华达高原，阿拉斯加地区是冰川遍布的高山地区，夏威夷是火山构成的群岛，加利福尼亚州和华盛顿州有大片的森林。
3. 气候:- 英国气候温和，受海洋性气候和大西洋洋流的影响。
冬季不太寒冷，夏季不太炎热，年降水量较多。
- 美国气候多样，北部地区属于温带大陆性气候，南部地区属于亚热带气候。
阿拉斯加地区气候寒冷，夏威夷地区气候属于热带海洋性气候。
整体上，美国西部偏干燥，东部偏湿润。
4. 主要城市:- 英国主要城市包括伦敦、曼彻斯特、伯明翰、利物浦等。
伦敦是英国首都，也是英国最大的城市，世界上最重要的金融中心之一。
- 美国主要城市包括纽约、洛杉矶、芝加哥、旧金山、华盛顿等。
纽约是美国最大的城市，也是世界金融中心之一，华盛顿是美国首都。
5. 自然资源:- 英国主要矿产资源包括煤炭、天然气、铁矿石和石油。
海洋渔业资源也非常丰富。
- 美国拥有丰富的煤炭、石油、天然气、铁矿石等矿产资源，以及广大的农业土地和丰富的水资源。
6. 语言和宗教:- 英国官方语言是英语，宗教主要是基督教，其中以英国国教会和天主教最为流行。
- 美国官方语言也是英语，宗教信仰多元，基督教、犹太教、伊斯兰教等都有一定的信徒。
英美历史概况:1. 古代历史:- 英国在古代分别由凯尔特人、罗马人、盎格鲁-撒克逊人和维京人等民族统治，1066年诺曼征服后建立了专制统治的王朝。
英美概况知识点总结 美国
英美概况知识点总结美国美国概况知识点总结1. 地理位置：美国位于北美洲的中央，与加拿大和墨西哥接壤，东临大西洋，西临太平洋。
2. 面积：美国是世界上第四大的国家，总面积约为9.83万平方公里。
3. 人口：美国是世界上第三大的人口国家，人口约为3.27亿。
4. 政治体制：美国是一个联邦制共和国，政治体制为总统制，国家元首为总统。
5. 首都：美国的首都是华盛顿哥伦比亚特区。
6. 经济实力：美国是世界上最大的经济体，国内生产总值（GDP）居世界首位。
7. 联邦制度：美国是一个由50个州组成的联邦制国家，每个州都享有一定的自治权利。
8. 文化多样性：美国是一个移民国家，拥有来自世界各地的不同种族和文化，因此其文化也非常多样化。
9. 科技实力：美国在航空航天、信息技术、医药和生物技术等领域处于世界领先地位。
10. 社会体系：美国拥有完善的社会保障体系和医疗保健制度，以及广泛的教育资源。
英国概况知识点总结1. 地理位置：英国位于欧洲大陆西北部，横跨大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛东北部。
2. 面积：英国总面积约为24.12万平方公里。
3. 人口：英国是世界上人口密度最高的国家之一，人口约为6600万。
4. 政治体制：英国是一个君主立宪制国家，国家元首为君主，国家首相为政府首脑。
5. 首都：英国的首都是伦敦，也是英国最大的城市和金融中心。
6. 经济实力：英国是世界上经济实力较强的国家之一，拥有发达的金融、服务和制造业。
7. 文化传统：英国有着悠久的文化传统，包括文学、音乐、戏剧和艺术等领域。
8. 政治影响：英国是联合国安全理事会常任理事国之一，对国际事务有重要影响。
9. 教育体系：英国拥有世界一流的教育资源和大学，吸引了大量国际学生前来留学。
10. 社会福利：英国的社会福利制度完善，提供医疗保障、养老金和失业救济等项目。
美国和英国在政治、经济和文化等方面都有着自己独特的特点，对于全球事务具有重要的影响力。
这些国家的概况知识点总结可以帮助我们更好地了解它们的国情和影响力。
英美概况第二版
THANK YOU
感谢各位观看
和技能培训。
02
美国教育改革
美国教育改革关注提高教育质量、缩小教育差距、促进教育公平等议题，
同时推动STEM教育和职业教育的发展。
03
发展趋势
英美两国都在积极探索教育创新，注重培养学生的创新能力和实践能力，
以适应快速变化的社会需求。同时，两国都在加强国际交流与合作，推
动教育的国际化发展。
05
英美文学与艺术概览
国际贸易，对外投 资，吸引外资
教育体系
高等教育，职业教 育，中小学教育
Байду номын сангаас3
美国概况
美国历史与文化
美国的起源与历史发展
美国的文学、艺术与音乐
从13个殖民地的建立到独立战争，再 到西进运动、南北战争等关键历史节 点。
如马克·吐温、海明威等文学巨匠，以 及好莱坞电影、百老汇音乐剧等艺术 成就。
美国的多元文化
美国经济与社会发展
美国的经济发展历程
01
从工业革命到现代经济体系的建立，包括农业、制造业、服务
业等产业的发展。
美国的社会福利制度
02
如社会保障、医疗保险、失业保险等制度的建立和实施情况。
美国的教育与科技
03
包括高等教育、科研创新等方面的成就和挑战，以及硅谷等科
技中心的崛起。
04
英美教育制度比较
教育理念与特点比较
英国概况
英国历史与文化
中世纪英国
文艺复兴时期
盎格鲁-撒克逊人的入侵， 诺曼征服，中世纪的封
建制度
伊丽莎白时代，莎士比 亚的戏剧，英国文艺复
兴的成就
工业革命
纺织机的发明，蒸汽机 的应用，工业革命的影
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英美概况文学部分LiteratureEngland:1. D· H· Lawrence: Sons and Lovers p.952. George Orwell: 1984 p.953. William Golding: Lord of the Flies p.964. Doris Lessing: The Grass is Singing; The Golden Notebook; Alfred and Emily p.965. Salman Rushdie: Midnight's Children; The Satanic Verses; The Enchantress of Florence p.966. Kazuo Ishiguro: The Remains of the Day; When We Were Orphans; Nocturnes p.97Ireland: There are four winners of the Nobel Prize.1.Jonathan Swift: Gulliver's Travels p.2302.Oscar Wilde: The Soul of Man Under Socialism; The Picture of Dorian Gray p.2303.James Joyce: The Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man p.2304.Samuel Becket: Waiting for Godot p.2305.Australia:1.Patrick White: The Aunt's Story; The Tree of Man; Voss; The Solid Mandela p.2632.Ruth Park: The Harp in the South; Poor Man's Orange and Missus; The Muddle-HeadedWombats series p.2633.Christos Tsiolkas: Dead Europe; The Slap p.2644.Alice Pung: Unpolished Gem5.Thomas Keneally: Schindler's Ark《辛德勒名单》 p.263, 2656.America:1. F· Scott Fitzgerald: The Great Gatsby p.1042. O’Neill: Desire Under the Elms; Mourning Becomes Electra; The Iceman Cometh; Long Day’s Journey into Night p.1053. Ralph Ellison: Invisible Man p.1064. James Baldwin: Go Tell It on the Mountain; The Fire Next Time p.1065. Alan Ginsberg: Howl p.1066. J· D· Salinger: The Catcher p.1077. N·Scott Momaday: House Made of Dawn; The Way to Rainy Mountain p.1078. Toni Morrison: The Bluest Eye; Song of Solomon; Beloved p.1089. Maxine Hong Kingston: The Woman Warrior; China Men p.10810. Amy Tan: The Joy Luck Club p.108Canada:1. William Kirby: The Golden Dog p.3402. Lucy Maud Montgomery: Anne of Green Gables3. Margaret Laurence: The Diviners; A Jest of God (上帝的玩笑) p.3424. Alice Munro: Something I’ve Been Meaning to Tell You; Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage p. 3425. Michael Ondaatje: English Patient p.3436. Wayson Choy：The Jade Peony; A Chinatown Childhood; All That Matters p.3437. Margaret Atwood: Oryx and Crake; The Year of the Flood p.344General KnowledgeGeneral Knowledge about the Six Countries1. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT CA. the Anglos.B. the Celts.C. the Jutes.D. the Saxons.2. The Prime Minister in Britain is head of DA. the Shadow Cabinet.B. the Parliament.C. the Opposition.D. the Cabinet.3. is the state church in England. DA. The Roman Catholic ChurchB. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England4.The capital of Scotland is BA. Glasgow.B. Edinburgh.C. Manchester.D. London.5. Which of the following is NOT a British news agency? BA. Reuters.B. The Associated Press.C. The Press Association Ltd.D. United Press, Ltd.6. Big Ben was named after BA. Christopher Wren.B. Benjamin Hall.C. Ben John.D. G. Stephenson.7. Education in U.K. is compulsory for all between ages of AA. 5 and 16.B. 8 and 17.C. 6 and 15.D. 7 and 19.8. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the century. CA. 7 thB. 6thC. 5 thD. 4th9. Between 1337 and 1453, the took place in Britain. CA. War of RosesB. Black DeathC. Hundred Years' WarD. Peasant Uprising10. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? DA. The British constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215.B. The British constitution includes Parliamentary acts.C. The British constitution includes decisions made by courts of law.D. The British constitution includes one single written constitution.11. The United Kingdom is also known by its official name DA. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and England.B. the United Kingdom of Great Britain.C. the United Kingdom of British Isles.D. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.12. Which of the following is the highest rank among the titles of English nobility? AA. Duke.B. Viscount.C. Earl.D. Baron.13. is recognized as the longest river in Britain. CA. The Thames RiverB. The Amazon RiverC. The Severn RiverD. The Rhine River14. The northernmost part of Great Britain is BA. Northern Ireland.B. Scotland.C. England.D. Wales.15. In Britain, has the ultimate authority of legislation. BA. the QueenB. the House of CommonsC. the House of LordsD. the Prime Minister16. It is known that Irish landscape is featured by AA. bogs.B. mountains.C. grassland.D. rivers.17. Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia? CA. Perth.B. Adelaide.C. Sydney.D. Melbourne.18. The original inhabitants of Australia were CA. the Red Indians.B. the Eskimos.C. the Aborigines.D. the Maoris.19. Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British settlers? AA. The Aborigines.B. The Maori.C. The Indians.D. The Eskimos.20. When did the Australian Federation officially come into being? DA. 1770.B. 1788.C. 1900.D. 1901.21. It is generally agreed that were the first Europeans to reach Australia's shores. DA. the FrenchB. the GermansC. the BritishD. the Dutch22. The capital of New Zealand is CA. Christchurch.B. Auckland.C. Wellington.D. Hamilton.23.The Head of State of New Zealand is BA. the governor- general.B. the Prime Minister.C. the high commissioner.D. the monarch of the United Kingdom.24. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is DA. the President.B. the Governor- General.C. the British monarch.D. the Prime Minister.25. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?A. Thomas Jefferson. AB. George Washington.C. Thomas Paine.D. John Adams.26. According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested inA. the Federal Government.B. the Supreme Court.C. the Cabinet.D. the Congress. D27. The Emancipation Proclamation to end the slavery plantation system in the South of the U.S. was issued by AA. Abraham Lincoln.B. Thomas Paine.C. George Washington.D. Thomas Jefferson.28. The President during the American Civil War was BA. Andrew Jackson.B. Abraham Lincoln.C. Thomas Jefferson.D. George Washington.29. The following are the founding fathers of the American Republic EXCEPT? CA. George Washington.B. Benjamin Franklin.C. Willian Penn.D. Thomas Jefferson.30. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States? AA. Baseball.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. American football.31. U.S. presidents normally serve a (n) term. BA. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year32. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast U.S.? AA. Huston.B. Boston.C. Baltimore.D. Philadelphia.33. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of DA. culture revival.B. loss of purpose.C. development in science and technology.D. material success and spiritual frustration.34. The largest river in America is CA. the Ohio River.B. the Columbia.C. the Mississippi River.D. the Colorado.35. In the year of that Columbus discovered the New World. AA. 1492B. 1592C. 1591D. 149136. The first English permanent settlement in America was founded in 1607 in DA. New Mexico.B. Hawaii.C. California.D. Virginia.37. On which of the following streets is the financial centre of the U.S. located? CA. Fleet Street.B. Downing Street.C. Wall Street.D. Burke Street.38. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Revolution? BA. Thomas Jefferson.B. Thomas Paine.C. John Adams.D. Benjamin Franklin.39. The U.S. government falls into three branches: the legislative, and the judicial. CA. the representativeB. the democraticC. the executiveD. the independent40. The state of California is on CA. Caribbean Sea.B. the Gulf of Mexico.C. the Pacific Coast.D. the Atlantic Coast.41. Harvard University was founded in CA. 1366.B. 1633.C. 1636.D. 1363.42. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf? AA. Canada.B. New Zealand.C. Great Britain.D. The United States of America.43. The most important economic activity in Canada is DA. mining.B. fishing.C. farming.D. manufacturing.44. Canada occupies about of the North American continent. AA. 1/2B. 1/3C. 1/4D. 1/545. The first city ever founded in Canada is AA. Quebec.B. Vancouver.C. Toronto.D. Montreal.46. The largest city in Canada is CA. Vancouver.B. Montreal.C. Toronto.D. Ottawa.47. The Head of State of Canada is represented by DA. the Monarch.B. the President.C. the Prime Minister.D. the Governor-general.48. is the capital city of Canada. BA. VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD. York49. What are the most important natural resources in Canada? CA. Forest resources.B. Mineral resources.C. Water resources.D. Agricultural resources.50. The deepest lake in Canada is CA. Lake Superior.B. Great Bear Lake.C. Great Slave Lake.D. Lake Ontario.Plus: The meaning of G7,G8, G20 can be seen Note No.1, p78。