中国地质大学(北京)2015秋研究生VB期末试卷及答案详解与拓展
2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试计算机专业基础综合真题及答案解析
2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试计算机学科专业基础综合试题一、单项选择题：140小题，每小题2分，共80分。
下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1．已知程序如下：int s(int n){ return (n<=0) ? 0 : s(n-1) +n; }void main(){ cout<< s(1); }程序运行时使用栈来保存调用过程的信息，自栈底到栈顶保存的信息一次对应的是A．main()->S(1)->S(0) B．S(0)->S(1)->main()C．m ain()->S(0)->S(1) D．S(1)->S(0)->main()2．先序序列为a,b,c,d的不同二叉树的个数是A．13 B．14 C．15 D．163．下列选项给出的是从根分别到达两个叶节点路径上的权值序列，能属于同一棵哈夫曼树的是A．24，10，5和24，10，7 B．24，10，5和24，12，7C．24，10，10和24，14，11 D．24，10，5和24，14，64．现在有一颗无重复关键字的平衡二叉树（A VL树）,对其进行中序遍历可得到一个降序序列。
下列关于该平衡二叉树的叙述中，正确的是A．根节点的度一定为2 B．树中最小元素一定是叶节点C．最后插入的元素一定是叶节点D．树中最大元素一定是无左子树5．设有向图G=(V,E)，顶点集V={V0,V1,V2,V3}，边集E={<v0,v1>,<v0,v2>,<v0,v3>，<v1,v3>},若从顶点V0 开始对图进行深度优先遍历，则可能得到的不同遍历序列个数是A．2 B．3 C．4 D．56．求下面带权图的最小（代价）生成树时，可能是克鲁斯卡（kruskal）算法第二次选中但不是普里姆（Prim）算法（从V4开始）第2次选中的边是A．(V1,V3) B．(V1,V4) C．(V2,V3) D．(V3,V4)7．下列选项中，不能构成折半查找中关键字比较序列的是A．500，200，450，180 B．500，450，200，180C．180，500，200，450 D．180，200，500，4508．已知字符串S为“abaabaabacacaabaabcc”. 模式串t为“abaabc”, 采用KMP算法进行匹配，第一次出现“失配”(s[i] != t[i]) 时，i=j=5,则下次开始匹配时，i和j的值分别是A．i=1，j=0 B．i=5，j=0 C．i=5，j=2 D．i=6，j=29．下列排序算法中元素的移动次数和关键字的初始排列次序无关的是A．直接插入排序B．起泡排序C．基数排序D．快速排序10．已知小根堆为8，15，10，21，34，16，12，删除关键字8之后需重建堆，在此过程中，关键字之间的比较数是A．1 B．2 C．3 D．411．希尔排序的组内排序采用的是（）A．直接插入排序B．折半插入排序 C．快速排序D．归并排序12．计算机硬件能够直接执行的是（）Ⅰ．机器语言程序Ⅱ．汇编语言程序Ⅲ．硬件描述语言程序A．仅ⅠB．仅ⅠⅡC．仅ⅠⅢD．ⅠⅡⅢ13．由3个“1”和5个“0”组成的8位二进制补码，能表示的最小整数是（）A．-126 B．-125 C．-32 D．-314．下列有关浮点数加减运算的叙述中，正确的是（）Ⅰ. 对阶操作不会引起阶码上溢或下溢Ⅱ. 右规和尾数舍入都可能引起阶码上溢Ⅲ. 左规时可能引起阶码下溢Ⅳ. 尾数溢出时结果不一定溢出A．仅ⅡⅢB．仅ⅠⅡⅣC．仅ⅠⅢⅣD．ⅠⅡⅢⅣ15．假定主存地址为32位，按字节编址，主存和Cache之间采用直接映射方式，主存块大小为4个字，每字32位，采用回写（Write Back）方式，则能存放4K字数据的Cache 的总容量的位数至少是（）A．146k B．147K C．148K D．158K16．假定编译器将赋值语句“x=x+3;”转换为指令”add xaddt, 3”，其中xaddt是x 对应的存储单元地址，若执行该指令的计算机采用页式虚拟存储管理方式，并配有相应的TLB，且Cache使用直写（Write Through）方式，则完成该指令功能需要访问主存的次数至少是（）A．0 B．1 C．2 D．317．下列存储器中，在工作期间需要周期性刷新的是（）A．SRAM B．SDRAM C．ROM D．FLASH18．某计算机使用4体交叉存储器，假定在存储器总线上出现的主存地址（十进制）序列为8005，8006，8007，8008，8001，8002，8003，8004，8000，则可能发生发生缓存冲突的地址对是（）A．8004、8008 B．8002、8007 C．8001、8008 D．8000、800419．下列有关总线定时的叙述中，错误的是（）A．异步通信方式中，全互锁协议最慢B．异步通信方式中，非互锁协议的可靠性最差C．同步通信方式中，同步时钟信号可由多设备提供D．半同步通信方式中，握手信号的采样由同步时钟控制20．若磁盘转速为7200转/分，平均寻道时间为8ms,每个磁道包含1000个扇区，则访问一个扇区的平均存取时间大约是( )A．8.1ms B．12.2ms C．16.3ms D．20.5ms21．在采用中断I/O方式控制打印输出的情况下，CPU和打印控制接口中的I/O端口之间交换的信息不可能是( )A．打印字符B．主存地址C．设备状态D．控制命令22．内部异常(内中断)可分为故障(fault)、陷阱(trap)和终止(abort)三类。
2015中国地质大学(北京)611地球科学概论考研试题及答案
机密★启用前中国地质大学（北京）2015年硕士研究生入学试题*科目代码：611 科目名称：地球科学概论考生姓名：公众号考生编号：关注“地质考研招聘”考生注意事项1.答题前，考生须在本试题纸上和答题纸上的指定位置填写考生姓名和考生编号等信息。
2.所有答案必须书写在答题纸指定位置上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上无效。
3.必须使用黑（蓝）色字迹的钢笔、圆珠笔或者签字笔书写。
4.考试结束，将答题纸和本试题一并装入试题袋中交回。
（特别提醒：所有答案都必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸上及草稿纸上无效，考完后试题随答题纸一起交回。
）*：真题所有答案都必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸上及草稿纸上无效！考完后试题随答题纸一起交回。
中国地质大学（北京）2015年硕士研究生入学考试试题试题名称：地球科学概论试题代码： 611 请注意：所有答案不要答在试卷上，一律答在试题纸上！一、名词解释1.分选性与磨圆度2.岩石结构与构造3.地温梯度4.风化作用5.震级与烈度6.地质环境7.“V”型谷与“U”型谷8.同位素地质年龄9.冲积物的二元结构10. 背斜二．简答题。
1.判断断层存在的依据有哪些？并作简要说明。
2.简述变质作用的基本类型。
3.地球内部圈层的划分依据有哪些？4.简述冰川的形成过程。
三．读图回答：1.指出断层，褶皱，平行埠整合，角度不整合及花岗岩体及各地质体或构造现象形成的先后顺序。
2.花岗岩体，角度不整合的形成时代3.褶皱，断层的形成时代。
四．论述。
1.试述干旱气候区湖泊化学沉积作用的过程。
2.试述河流的侵蚀作用。
中国地质大学（北京）研究生入学初试试题第1 页（共2页）。
中国地质大学(北京)《高等数学(二)》期末考试拓展学习(八)
地大《高等数学(二)》（八）第五章 无穷级数（二）1 在指定区间内把下列函数展开为傅里叶级数(1) (),(i) , (ii) 02f x x x x πππ=-<<<<；解：(i)、()f x =x ，(,)x ππ∈-作周期延拓的图象如下．其按段光滑，故可展开为傅里叶级数．由系数公式得011()d d 0a f x x x x ππππππ--===⎰⎰．当1n ≥时，11cos d d(sin )n a x nx x x nx n ππππππ--==⎰⎰ 11sin sin d 0|x nx nx x n n ππππππ--=-=⎰，11sin d d(cos )n b x nx x x nx n ππππππ---==⎰⎰1112cos cos d (1)|n x nx nx x n n n ππππππ+---=+=-⎰，所以 11sin ()2(1)n n nx f x n ∞+==-∑，(,)x ππ∈-为所求．(ii)、()f x =x ，(0,2)x π∈作周期延拓的图象如下．其按段光滑，故可展开为傅里叶级数．由系数公式得2200011()d d 2a f x x x x πππππ===⎰⎰．当1n ≥时，220011cos d d(sin )n a x nx x x nx n ππππ==⎰⎰ 220011sin sin d 0|x nx nx x n n ππππ=-=⎰，220011sin d d(cos )n b x nx x x nx n ππππ-==⎰⎰2200112cos cos d |x nx nx x n n n ππππ--=+=⎰，所以 1sin ()2n nxf x n π∞==-∑，(0,2)x π∈为所求． (2) 2()(i) (ii) 02f x =x , -π<x <π,<x <π；解：(i)、()2f x =x ，(,)x ππ∈-作周期延拓的图象如下．其按段光滑，故可展开为傅里叶级数．由系数公式得220112()d d 3a f x x x x πππππππ--===⎰⎰． 当1n ≥时，。
中国地质大学(北京)《离散数学》期末考试拓展学习(七)10
中国地质大学(北京)《离散数学》期末考试拓展学习(七)10奥鹏在线作业,奥鹏离线作业,奥鹏入学考试,奥鹏期末考试题库北交《离散数学》(七)第七章图论图论〔GraphTheory〕是数学的一个分支。
它以图为研究对象。
图论中的图是由若干给定的点及连接两点的线所构成的图形，这种图形通常用来描述某些事物之间的某种特定关系，用点代表事物，用连接两点的线表示相应两个事物间具有这种关系。
图论本身是应用数学的一部份，因此，历史上图论曾经被好多位数学家各自独立地建立过。
关于图论的文字记载最早出现在欧拉1736年的论着中，他所考虑的原始问题有很强的实际背景。
图论起源于著名的柯尼斯堡七桥问题。
在柯尼斯堡的普莱格尔河上有七座桥将河中的岛及岛与河岸联结起来，如下图所示，A、B、C，D表示陆地。
问题是要从这四块陆地中任何一块开始，通过每一座桥正好一次，再回到起点。
然而无数次的尝试都没有成功。
欧拉在1736年解决了这个问题，他用抽象分析法将这个问题化为第一个图论问题：即把每一块陆地用一个点来代替，将每一座桥用联接相应的两个点的一条线来代替，从而相当于得到一个「图」（如下图）。
欧拉证明了这个问题没有解，并且推广了这个问题，给出了对於一个给定的图可以某种方式走遍的判定法则。
这项工作使欧拉成为图论〔及拓扑学〕的创始人。
1859年，英国数学家哈密顿发明了一种游戏：用一个规则的实心十二面体，它的20个顶点标出世界著名的20个城市，要求游戏者找一条沿着各边通过每个顶点刚好一次的闭回路，即「绕行世界」。
用图论的语言来说，游戏的目的是在十二面体的。
图中找出一个生成圈。
这个问题后来就叫做哈密顿问题。
由於运筹学、计算机科学和编码理论中的很多问题都可以化为哈密顿问题，从而引起广泛的注意和研究。
在图论的历史中，还有一个最著名的问题——四色猜想。
这个猜想说，在一个平面或球面上的任何地图能够只用四种颜色来着色，使得没有两个相邻的国家有相同的颜色。
每个国家必须由一个单连通域构成，而两个国家相邻是指它们有一段公共的边界，而不仅仅只有一个公共点。
中国地质大学(北京)2015-2017年构造地质学考研真题
中国地质大学（北京）2015年构造地质学考研真题
一、名词解释
1、双重走滑构造
2、β图解
3、S-C组构
4、共轴递进变形
5、滑脱褶皱
6、盆-岭构造
二、论述
1、节理分期配套方法研究意义
2、大规模低角度伸展构造系统与逆冲推覆构造判别方法及标识
3、实际研究工作中褶皱的观察方法
4、裂谷特征及形成机制
5、断层与角度不整合判别
6、兰姆赛褶皱分类（三类五型）
中国地质大学（北京）2017年构造地质学考研真题
一、名词解释
1、β图解
2、褶劈理
3、断弯褶皱作用
4、盆岭
5、走滑双重构造
6、应变椭球
二、论述
1、变质核杂岩特征和形成机制
2、裂谷特征和形成机制
3、逆冲推覆构造的组合形式和特征
4、兰姆赛褶皱分类
5、节理分期与配套
6、断层和角度不整合的区分
中国地质大学（北京）2016年构造地质学考研真题
一、简要介绍下列术语（每题5分，共30分）
1、花状构造
2、糜棱岩
3、π图解，
4.非共轴递进变形 5、褶劈理 6、褶皱轴
二、论述题（每题20分，共120分）
1、简介逆冲断层相关褶皱构造的基本类型与主要特征（20分）
2、简述伸展剥离（拆离）断层系统的主要特征与形成机制（20分）
3、简述纵弯褶皱形成机制研究的野外观测内容和观测方法（20分）
4、简介主动裂谷作用和被动裂谷作用的特征与区分标志，（20分）
5、简述浅变质沉积岩区劈理与层理构造的区分标志和方法（20分）
6、简述断裂构造的识别标志及断层运动学性质的判别方法（20分）。
2015年秋—中国地质大学(北京)继续教育学院入学考试高等数学模拟试卷及答案
（ 2015年秋季 ）一．单项选择题在每小题给出的四个选项中，请选出符合题目要求的一项。
1 .计算： |－3|×2 的值等 A.6 B.－6 C.±6 D.－1答案:A2 双曲线14922=-y x 的虚轴是 （ ） A.2 B.4 C.6 D.8答案:B3 设曲面),(y x f z =与平面0y y =的交线在点)),(,,(000y x f y x o 处的切线与x 轴正向所成的角为6π，则 。
A 、236cos),(00==πy x f x ； B 、21)62cos(),(00=-=ππy x f y ；C 、336),(00==πtg y x f x ； D 、3)62(),(00=-=ππtg y x f y 。
答案:C 4 曲线xy -=11的渐近线的条数是( )A.0B.1C.2D.3答案:C5 假设检验时，当样本容量一定时，缩小犯第Ⅱ类错误的概率，则犯第Ⅰ类错误的概率（ ）A ．必然变小B ．必然变大C ．不确定D ．肯定不变答案:B 6 设2a 0π<<，则=→x x sin lim a x （ ）A.0B.1C.不存在D.aasin答案:D7 =→xsin x 1sinx lim20x （ ）A ．1B ．∞C ．不存在D ．0答案:D17 下列级数中条件收敛的是（ ）A ．∑∞=--11)32()1(n n n B ．∑∞=--11)1(n n nC ．∑∞=--11)31()1(n nn D ．∑∞=-+-1212)1(n n n n答案:B 8 幂级数 ∑∞=---1n n1n n)1x ()1( 的收敛区间是（ ） A.(]2,0 B.(]1,1- C.[]0,2-D.()+∞-∞,答案:A 9 =+→)2x (x x2sin lim 0x （ ）A.1B.0C.∞D.2答案:A10 已知方程y-ln x z=0确定函数z=z(x,y),则y x z ∂∂∂2=（ ）A ．0B ．xC ．e yD ．xe y答案:C11 设=0，，则下列结论必定正确的是（ ）A ．为f(x)的极大值点 B. 为f(x)的极小值点C ．不为f(x)的极值点 D.可能不为f(x)的极值点答案:A12 下列运算中正确的有（ ）A. =1B. =1C. =1D.=1答案:C13 设f(0)=0，且存在，则等于（ ）A ．B.C. f(0)D.答案:B14 极限等于( )A.B. eC.D. 1答案:C15等于（ ）A ．2 B.1 C.1/2 D.0答案:D16 曲线y=x 2+x -2在点（47,23）处的切线方程为（ ） A.16x -4y -17=0B.16x+4y -31=0C.2x-8y+11=0D.2x+8y -17=0答案:A17 抛物线y=x 2在哪一点处切线的倾角为45°( ) A.(0,0) B.(21,41) C.(41,2) D.(1,1)答案:B18 反比例函数的图象经过点P （2-，1），则这个函数的图象位于A.第一、二象限B.第一、三象限C.第二、四象限D.第三、四象限答案:C19 设',)(',)()(y x f e e f y x f x 则存在且==( )A ．)()()()('x f x x f x e e f e e f +B ．)(')(')(x f e e f x f x ⋅C ．)(')()(')()(x f e e f e e f x f x x f x x ⋅++D ．)()('x f x e e f答案:C20 设)(x f 在1=x 处可导，且21)1()21(lim0=--→h f h f h ，则=)1('f （ ）A ． 21B ． 21-C ． 41D ．41-答案:D21 设)(x f 在2=x 处可导，且2)2('=f ，则=--+→hh f h f h )2()2(lim0（ ） A ．4 B ．0 C ．2 D ．3答案:A22 若e cos x y x =，则'(0)y =( )A ．0B ．1C ．1-D ．2答案:C23 当0>x 时, xx y 1sin =( )A ．有且仅有水平渐近线B ．有且仅有铅直渐近线C ．既有水平渐近线,也有铅直渐近线D ．既无水平渐近线,也无铅直渐近线答案:A24 设总体X 在区间〔－1，1〕上均匀分布， X 1，X 2，…，X n 为其样本，则样本均值 X ＝n1∑=ni 1X i 的方差为（） A ．0 B ．31 C ．3D ．n 31答案:D25 假设检验时，犯第二类错误的概率应为（ ） A ．P{接受H 0 | H 0 为真} B ．P{拒绝H 0 | H 0 为真} C ．P{接受H 0 | H 1 为真} D ．P{拒绝H 0 | H 1 为真}答案:C26 设ζ为随机变量，E ζ＝2，D ζ=4,则E ζ2=（ ）A ．1B ．2C ．4D ．8答案:D27 5个人排成一行，则甲排在正中间的概率是 （ ）A ．21 B. 52 C. 51 D.101答案:C28 在一次选举活动中, 要从 7名男同学，5名女同学中任意选取一名主席,那么不同的选法有（ ）（A ）5种. （B ）7种. （C ）12种. （D ）35种.答案:D29 某一批花生种子，如果每1粒发芽的概率为45，那么播下3粒种子恰有2粒发芽的概率是 ( ) A ．12512 B ．12516 C ．12548 D ．12596答案:C30 某企业有职工150人，其中高级职称15人，中级职称45人，一般职员90人，现抽取30人进行分层抽样，则各职称人数分别为 （ ） A ．5,10,15 B ．3,9,18 C ．3,10,17 D ．5,9,16答案:B31 设函数y x e z +-=，则全微分=)1,1(dz （ ） A ．dy dx -- B ．dy dx + C ．dy dx - D ．dy dx +-答案:D32 若βα,是两个不重合的平面，m l ,是两条不重合的直线，现给出下列四个命题： ①若βαα⊥,//l ，则β⊥l ；②若βα⊥⊥⊥m l m l ,,，则βα⊥； ③若βα⊥⊥l l ,，则βα//；④若αα⊄⊥⊥m l m l ,,，则α//m其中正确的命题是 （ ） A. ①② B. ②④ C. ③④ D. ②③④答案:D 33 两直线13411+=-=-z y x 和1222-=-+=zy x 的夹角为（ ） A.2π B. 3πC.4πD. 6π答案:C34 四个命题：①过平面外一点有无数条直线和这个平面垂直； ②过平面外一点只有一条直线和这个平面平行； ③过平面外一点有无数个平面和这个平面垂直； ④过平面外一点有无数个平面和这个平面平行；其中正确的命题是 （ ） A.① B.② C.③ D.④答案:C35 在空间直角坐标系中，点A （-1，2，4）关于xy 面的对称点A 1的坐标是（ ） A.(1,-2,4) B.(1,-2,-4) C.(-1,2,-4) D.(1,2,4)答案:C36 若从一批有8件正品，2件次品组成的产品中接连抽取2件产品（第一次抽出的产品不放回去），则第一次取得次品且第二次取得正品的概率是（ ）A ．91B ．92C ．458D ．4516答案:C37 设f(x,y)=⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=≠++),0,0()y ,x (,0);0,0()y ,x (,yx y 2x 22;则f x (0,0)=( ) A.0 B.1 C.2 D.不存在答案:B38 设f(x)在(-∞,+∞)内连续，则⎰2x 0)t (f 1dx d dt=( )A.f(x 2)B.2xf(x 2)C.f′(x 2)D.2xf′(x 2)答案:B39 设f(x)=⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<>,0x ,x 1sin x ;0x ,x 1sin 那末lim 0x → f(x)不存在的原因是( )A.f(0)无定义B.lim 0x -→ f(x)不存在C.lim 0x +→ f(x)不存在 D.lim 0x -→f(x)与lim 0x +→f(x)都存在但不等答案:C40 =⎰→2x sin limx tdt x（ ） A ．∞ B ．0 C ．21D ．1答案:C41 0lim =∞→n n u 是级数∑∞=0n n u 发散的 。
2015年秋—中国地质大学(北京)继续教育学院入学考试大学英语模拟试卷及答案
（ 2015年秋季）一．PhoneticsIn each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or l etter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identi fy the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.1 A. here B. girl C. skirt D. shirt2 A. work B. worker C. doctor D. word3 A．face B．skate C．wake D．have4 A. speech B. stomach C. charge D. church5 A. burst B. church C. turn D. hurry二．Vocabulary and StructureFor each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence6 I hate ______when people talk with their mouths full.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them7 Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can‘t remember _____.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.that8 The _____ from the forest fire could be seen ten miles away.A. smellB. sparkC. steamD. smoke9 “Here is the money I promised,” he said. “I always _____ promises.”A. agreeB. followC. makeD. keep10 Joe’s handwriting is ________ Mary’s.A. more betterB. as well asC. much better thanD. more better than11 In his time he enjoyed a reputation _______.A. as great as Mozart, if not greater thanB. as great as, if not greater than, MozartC. as great, if not greater, as MozartD. greater, if not as great as Mozart12 ______ my surprise, I got a high grade in this test.A. ForB. ToC. To beD. On13 He had a pain _______ his back.A. onB. withC. inD. onto14 After running for nearly half an hour, I was ________.A. out of placeB. out of controlC. out of breathD. out of practic15 The mother told the little boy to do all the things _______.A. on himselfB. on his ownC. to himselfD. by own16 Next year we’ll have an opportunity __________ the beautiful city, Singapore.A. visitingB. visitedC. to visitD. have visited17 Don’t ________ about things so much. It will make you stressed out.A. afraidB. terrifyC. terrifiedD. worry18 Some students were afraid _________ in class because they thought their classmatesmight laugh at them.A. of speakB. to speakC. speakD. to speaking19 Paper money was in ＿＿＿＿＿use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in_______ thirteenth century.A.the；不填B.the；theC.不填；theD.不填；不填20 _______ him and then try to copy what he does．A.MindB.Glance atC.Stare atD.Watch三．Reading ComprehensionEach passage is followed by several questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer for each questio n.Well，Santa comes to homes on Christmas Eve around the world，but not exactly like he did in the poem we know as“It was the Night before Christmas”．Nowadays you might f ind him in a home，quietly going about his job of filling the stockings(长筒袜) that are hu ng here and there．How he got into the house，no one seems to know．But he certainly didn't come down the chimney and get his red clothes all sooty(被煤烟弄脏的)．You might see him taking gifts out of his big bag and putting them where they’ll be found on Christmas morning by“good”boys and girls，along with gifts for everyone else in t he house．And someone might even have left him a plate of homemade Charismas cookies and a glass of milk, or more likely a cup of coffee to enjoy when he sits down in a co mfortable chair for a little rest from his work. At least this is how we expect a mo dern S anta Claus to deliver (投送) his Christmas gifts．But you don’t find Santa Claus just in homes and not just on Christmas Eve after chi ldren are all in bed．Throughout most of the Western world，by the beginning of Decemb er you’ll begin to see Santa C lauses here and there in the big department stores，and at s chool Christmas parties for children，sometimes at office parties for adults, thousands of Sa nta Clauses，all dressed up more or less like this：a red hat and suit trimmed(装饰)with i mitation(人造的)white fur．and the long white whiskers(连鬓胡子)and maybe some white c otton for eyebrows．They’re supposed to make Santa look like a very old，but very kind a nd jolly(快乐的)friend of children．21 Legend(传说)has it that ____________.A．Santa C1aus comes down the chimney on Christmas Eve to stuff gifts into stockings tha t are hung here and thereB．Santa C1aus comes to every home to deliver gifts to all childrenC．Santa C1aus comes to play and sing with the poorD．Santa Claus comes to give gifts to handicapped(伤残)children22 What is an indication mentioned in the passage that he didn’t go down the chimney? A．His red clothes did not get sooty．B．The big bag he carried was too big to go through the chimneyC．He was too fat to go through the chimney．D．He liked to dance in through the door．23 Which of the following images is the traditional image of Santa Claus?A．A kind, jolly old man wearing red hat and long white whiskers, with his red suit trimm ed with fur．B．A serious-looking tall man standing upright, with his right hand waving to the people．C．A white-bearded old man greeting people coming to his restaurant．D．A young man with a small moustache dressed in baggy trousers with a stick in his righ t hand．24 Besides Christmas Eve，Santa Claus can be seen______．A．in the big department stores during Christmas time or at school parties for children B．standing in front of every restaurant carC. greeting people in the center of a townD．riding on a fast-running deer25 What kind of children are supposed to get gifts from Santa Claus?A．Naughty boys and girls．B．Poor boys and girls．C．Disabled boys and girls．D．Good boys and girls．Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages．They can pick up new voca bulary, master rules of grammar，and learn to write in the new language more quickly tha n others．They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes langua ge learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful 1anguage learners we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them．First of all，successful language learners are independent learners．They do not depend on the book or the teacher；they discover their own way to learn the language．Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain，they try to find the patterns and the rules for thems elves．They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions．When t hey guess wrong，they guess again．They try to learn from their mistakes．Successful language learning is active learning．Therefore，successful learners do not wa it for a chance to use the language；they look for such a chance．They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate．They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things；they are willing to make mistakes and try again．When communicati on is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete．It is more import ant to for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every wo rd．Finally，successful language learners are learners with a purpose．They want to learn t he language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it．It i s necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people an d to learn from them．They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because t hey want to learn with it．What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently，actively，and purposefully．On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful，you might do well to try some of the techniques outlined above．26 Why is language learning easier for some people according to the first paragraph? A．Because they are much more clever．B．Because they use some good methods in their learning．C．Because they learn things more quickly．D．Because they are good at guessing the answers to the teacher’s q uestions．27 What does “knack” in Paragraph 1 mean?A．Success．B．Taste．C．Skill D．Interest．28 The main idea of Paragraph 3 is“________”．A．Successful language learners are active learnersB．Successful learners always look for a chance to use the languageC．Successful learners are not afraid to make mistakesD．The purpose of language learning is to communicate with people29 The purpose of this passage is to____________．A．show that language learning is not so difficult as some people might thinkB．show the importance of communication in language learningC．encourage the readers to use some learning techniquesD．tell the readers what kind of language learner the author is30 It is implied in the last paragraph that___________．A．you are a successful learnerB．you are not a successful learnerC．less successful language learners should use some of the techniques mentioned above D．if you learn independently，actively and purposefully，you will probably be able to lear n the language successfully“Fingers were made before forks” when a person gives up good manners, puts aside knife and fork, and dives into his food, someone is likely to repeat that saying.The fork was an ancient agricultural tool, but for centuries no one thought of eating with it. Not until the eleventh century, when a young lady from Constantinople brought her for k to Italy, did the custom reach Europe.By the fifteenth century the use of the fork was widespread in Italy. The English explanati on was that Italians were averse to e ating food touched with fingers, “Seeing all men’s fin gers are not alike clean.” English travelers kept their friends in stitches while describing thi s ridiculous Italian custom.Anyone who used a fork to eat with was laughed at in England for the next hundred year s. Men who used forks were thought to be sissies, and women who used them were calle d show-offs and overnice. Not until the late 1600’s did using a fork become a common cu stom.31 The custom of eating with a fork w as _______.A. brought to Europe from AmericaB. begun when forks were inventedC. brought to Europe from AsiaD. invented by Italians32 By the fifteenth century forks were used _______.A. all over ItalyB. only in ConstantinopleC. widely in EuropeD. In England33 To English travelers in Italy, the use of forks seemed _______.A. cleverB. necessaryC. good mannerD. ridiculous34 The English thought that Italians used forks in order to ________.A. imitate the people of the EastB. keep their food cleanC. impress visitors with their good mannersD. amuse the English35 In England, people who used forks at that time were considered ______.A. well manneredB. sissiesC. show-offs and overniceD. both B and CThe home computer industry has been growing rapidly in the United States for the last te n years. Computers used to be large, expensive machines that were very difficult to use. B ut scientists and technicians have been making them smaller and cheaper while at the sa me time they have been made easier to use. As a result, their popularity has been increa sing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses. Computers have been designed to store information and compute problems that are difficul t for human beings to work out. Some have voices that speak with the operators. Stores use computers to keep records of their inventories (库存货物) and to send bills to their c ustomers. Offices use computers to copy letters, record business and keep in touch with ot her offices. People have been using computers in their homes to keep track of the money they spend.One important new use for computers is for entertainment. Many new games have been d esigned to be played on the computers. People of all ages have been playing these games. People also have been buying home computers to play computer games, watch movies and listen to concerts at home. They have become very popular indeed.36 Computers used to _______.A. work rapidlyB. be large and expensiveC. be easy to useD. be used for fun37 In recent years, computers are being made _______.A．larger and more expensive B. smaller and cheaperC. more difficult to useD. to work more slowly38 Home computers can be used for _______.A. writing lettersB. playing gamesC. doing businessD. all of the above39 Salesmen use computers mainly to _______.A. check the list of goods and materials that are kep t in the store houseB. play games for pleasureC. talk with their friendsD. write letters40 The best title for the passage would be _______.A. New Uses For ComputersB. The Popularity of Home ComputersC. The Home Computer IndustryD. Computers At HomeDo you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it is painful? This might be called l azi ness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. Tha t’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body tempe rature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as. “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these en ergy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life it better. Habit c an help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must s tay up late anyway. Counteract (对抗) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up late r than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get with a leisurely yawl and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troubl e some search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. When ever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration f or your sharper hours.41 If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably _______.A．he is a lazy personB．he refuses to follow his own energy cycleC．he is not sure when his energy is lowD．he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening42 Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A. Unawa reness of energy cycles.B. Familiar monologues.C. A change in a family member’s energy cycle.D．Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family member.43 If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should ___ __.A. change his energy cycleB. overcome his lazinesssC. get up earlier than usualD. go to bed earlier44 You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ______.A．help to keep your energy for the day’s workB．help you to control your temper early in the dayC．enable you to concentrate on your routine workD．keep your energy cycle under control all day45 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A．Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one’s energy.B．Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peak at different hours of day.C．Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.D．Children have energy cycles, too.四．ClozeFor each blank in the following passage , there are four choices marked A , B , C and D . Choose the one that is most suitableGeorge and Margaret Glenn and their children live at 140, Davis Street, across the street f rom a small park. Their house is 1 off the main road. George 2 goes to work by bus, but sometimes he goes 3 his car. The children usually go to school by bus.The Glenns' house is 4 hidden among the trees. It has small bushes (灌木) 5 around it. There is a fence 6 it and the house next door. It is a two-storey house, with the living room, dinning room and kitchen on the first floor, and the bedrooms and bathroom on t he second floor.The Glenn spent a lot of time at home. 7 now they are at dinner. Conversation (谈话) a t the Glenns' house is usually lively at mealtime. The children are 8 trips they would lik e to take.Susan, who has never 9 on a plane, says," I'd like to 10 a plane to California. " Henry, who is 11 , thinks it would be fun to be on a ship, heading for adventure (冒险) in A frica. Teddy, the youngest child, says, "I want to go around the world on a train." His elde r brother and sister are still trying to 12 to him why this is not possible when their mo ther says, "Children, you've spent too much time at the table. Henry and Susan, go and 13 your homework. Teddy, it's time you were in bed. "Soon there is silence throughout the 14 . Teddy is in bed, Susan and Henry are in their rooms studying, and Mr. And Mrs. Glenns are in their living room, 15 George is sitting in his favourite chair, reading the paper and Margaret is sitting on the sofa, doing some-sew ing.46 A. only B. just C. nearly D. almost47 A. sometimes B. often C. usually D. seldom48 A. by B. on C. in D. for49 A. hardly B. almost C. much D. far50 .A. crowded B. set C. put D. planted51 A. among B. between C. from D. across52 A. Almost B. Right C. Just D. Every53 A. discussing B. talking C. speaking D. saying54 A. ridden B. fled C. been D. gone55 A. ride B. fly C. take D. travel56 A. elder B. older C . bigger D. larger57 A. explain B. say C. tell D. speak58 A. make B. do C. learn D. review59 A. room B. home C . house D. Glenns'60 A. there B. here C. where D. now。
中国地质大学北京)-测量学试题及答案a版
《测量学》习题及其参考答案（第1～11章共79题）习题11．什么叫大地水准面?它有什么特点和作用? 2．什么叫绝对高程、相对高程及高差?3．测量上的平面直角坐标系和数学上的平面直角坐标系有什么区别? 4．什么叫高斯投影？高斯平面直角坐标系是怎样建立的?5．已知某点位于高斯投影6°带第20号带，若该点在该投影带高斯平面直角坐标系中的横坐标y ＝-306579.210m ，写出该点不包含负值且含有带号的横坐标y 及该带的中央子午线经度0L 。
6．什么叫直线定线？标准方向有几种？什么是坐标方位角？7．某宾馆首层室内地面±0.000的绝对高程为45.300m ，室外地面设计高程为-l.500m ，女儿墙设计高程为+88.200m ， 问室外地面和女儿墙的绝对高程分别为多少?8．已知地面上A 点的磁偏角为-3°10′，子午线收敛角为+1°05′，由罗盘仪测得直线AB 的磁方位角为为63°45′，试求直线AB 的坐标方位角=AB α? 并绘出关系略图。
答案：1．通过平均海水面的一个水准面，称大地水准面，它的特点是水准面上任意一点铅垂线都垂直于该点的曲面，是一个重力曲面，其作用是测量工作的基准面。
2．地面点到大地水准面的垂直距离，称为该点的绝对高程。
地面点到假设水准面的垂直距离，称为该点的相对高程。
两点高程之差称为高差。
3．测量坐标系的X 轴是南北方向，X 轴朝北，Y 轴是东西方向，Y 轴朝东，另外测量坐标系中的四个象限按顺时针编排，这些正好与数学坐标系相反。
4、假想将一个横椭圆柱体套在椭球外，使横椭圆柱的轴心通过椭球中心，并与椭球面上某投影带的中央子午线相切，将中央子午线附近（即东西边缘子午线范围）椭球面上的点投影到横椭圆柱面上，然后顺着过南北极母线将椭圆柱面展开为平面，这个平面称为高斯投影平面。
所以该投影是正形投影。
在高斯投影平面上，中央子午线投影后为X 轴，赤道投影为Y 轴，两轴交点为坐标原点，构成分带的独立的高斯平面直角坐标系统。
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课程号：SG04002 《VB程序设计》考试试卷（A）考试形式：闭卷考试考试时间：120分钟所有答案答在答题纸上院系学号姓名得分题号一二三四五总分一．判断题（正确划√，错误划×）（10分）1.事件的编程可以在代码设计窗口中进行，系统为不同对象提供了不同的事件集。
事件是对象特有的，不能主观臆造×(事件不是对象特有的，方法是对象所特有的)2.即使单选按钮控件数组中的元素分属在多个容器中也只能从中选择一个控件×3.过程和函数的区别在于有无返回值√4.只要把Image控件的Stretch属性设置为True，控件会自动调整大小以适应所装载的图片的大小×（说反了，应该是图片适应控件的大小）5.Left(Val("1234ab"), 2)的结果是”12”√Val 返回的是数，把1234给left, 但是left 返回是串，取串里的两个字符12，所以结果是12这个串，要加双引号。
6.列表框控件的Style属性为1（Checkbox）时，MultiSelect属性必须为0（None）√Style 只有0和1，0是标准的，1是复选checkbox，组合框是三个值0,1,27.没有通用对话框控件文件就没办法读写×对话框不负责文件的读写，只负责传串，文件读写由读写语句进行。
读图形文件是函数完成的,load picture, 写图形文件是save picture.8.通过PaintPicture方法可以对图片进行缩放和裁剪等变换√还可以翻转9.Do~loop while和Do while ~loop 在循环条件为True时循环结果一样√当循环条件为false时不一样10.只有顶级菜单和二级菜单才能调用窗体的PopupMenu方法制作弹出式菜单×只有父菜单才能备调用二．单项选择填空题（共40分）1．有value属性的控件是【 D 】A．TextBox B．ListBox C．ComboBox D．ScrollBar有value属性的有三个控件：opptionbutton, checkbox, scrollbar2．下列属性中不属于组合框控件是【 B 】A．ListIndex B．Selected C．Text D．List3．能画横半轴为3，纵半轴为2的语句是【 C 】A．(0, 0), 3, , , 2 / 3 B．(0, 0), 3, , , , 3 /2C．(0, 0), 3, , , , 2 / 3 D．(0, 0), 3, , , 3/2[<对象名>.]Circle [Step](x, y),<半径>,[<颜色>], , ,<边比率> 纵比横中间缺3个参数，颜色，起和止幅度，用四个逗号分隔4．下列控件没有change事件是【B】A．TextBox B．ListBox C．ScrollBar D．ComboBox5．命令按钮控件能响应用户的单击必须保证其【 C 】属性均为真A．Visible和Caption B．Enabled和ToolTipTextC． Enabled 和Visible D．Caption和ToolTipText6．下面标识符哪个可作为数组的名字【 B 】A．1abc B．abc1 C．ab(c1) D．标识符命名规则：以字母和汉字开头，不能和已有函数重名，标识符由字母、数字和组成。
7．下列对象中没有Caption属性的是【 D 】A．MDI Form B．SDI Form C．Label D．ScrollBar8．下列【 A 】方法是MDI Form 特有的方法A．Arrange B．Hide C．SetFocus D．Show9．下面【 A 】对象拥有AutoRedraw属性A．PictureBox和窗体 B．Frame和窗体C．PictureBox和Frame D．PictureBox和ImageAutoRedraw是存储动态输出信息的，在窗体重绘时还拿出来描绘的窗体，就要把autoredraw 置为true. 窗体最小化后展开，窗体被其他窗体覆盖，窗体由小变大的时候。
窗体和picturebox 支持绘图。
10．下列【 D 】属性是SDI Form 特有的A．Enabled B．DrawWidth C．Caption D．MDIChild11．下列控件中没有事件的是【 D 】A．Timer控件和Shape控件 B．Shape控件和菜单C．Timer控件和菜单 D．Shape和Line控件Timer有timer事件，菜单有click事件12．不能作为容器是【 D 】A．Frame B．Form C．PictureBox D．Image容器有四个，窗体的容器MDI，SDI窗体，frame控件，picturebox.13．动态数组重定义应使用【 D 】关键字A．Dim B．Preserve C．Type D．ReDimDim 可以定义窗体级变量，也可以定义局部变量，窗体级在通用段定义，局部在函数和过程内定义。
静态局部变量可以保留上次函数调用的值。
14．下列对象中拥有KeyPreview属性是【B】A．MDI Form B． SDI Form C．ComboBox D．ListBox 15．可以删除列表框所有列表条目的方法是【 A 】A．Clear B．RemoveItem C．Additem D．ClsCls是清屏16．可以向列表框添加列表条目的方法是【 C 】A．Clear B．RemoveItem C． Additem D．Cls17．下列【 B 】语句可以让T控件1秒中自动激发10次Timer事件A．=50 B．= 100C．=150 D．=2001秒=1000毫秒18．下列【 A 】方法能完成窗体逻辑坐标系统的设置A．Scale B．SetFocus C．Show D．PaintPicture 徒手写不用坐标系统19．【 C 】属性可以设置TextBox输入文本的掩码A．MaxLength B．FontSize C．PasswordChar D．MultiLine MaxLength 设置文本框，接纳的最大文本数20．窗体第一个和最后一个发生的事件是【 A 】A．Initialize和T erminate B．Terminate和Initialize C．Load 和Unload D．Unload和Load21．若要处理程序运行过程中的错误应使用【 C 】语句先捕获错误A．On Error GoTo 0 B．On Error Resume NextC．On Error GoTo 语句行号 D．Resume Next捕获的时候有三种情况：On Error GoTo 0 ：系统处理错误的方法On Error Resume Next ：忽略错误On Error GoTo 语句行号正确的处理方式三种错误：语法错误，逻辑错误，运行错误恢复错误：Resume Next，Resume 行号，Resume 0（从错误行开始执行）三．阅读下面程序，写出单击Command1后的程序运行结果（10分）1.Private Sub Ch(ByVal a As Integer, ByRef b As Integer)Dim k As Integerk = a: a = b: b = kEnd SubPrivate Sub Command1_Click()Dim x As Integer, y As Integerx = 10: y = 20Ch x, yPrint x, yEnd Sub（10 10）不能是（10,10）2.Private Sub Command1_Click()Dim x As Integer, y As Integerx = 91y = x Mod 10 * 10 + x \ 10Print yEnd Sub乘的优先级比mod高Mod是求余数答案是1003.Private Sub Command1_Click()Print av(3, 4, 6, 8, 10)End SubPublic Function av(ParamArray s()) As SingleDim H As IntegerDim i As VariantDim C As IntegerFor Each i In sH = H + iC = C + 1Next iav = H / CEnd Function这个是求平均值31/5=4.Public Function ABC(a As Single, Optional b = 5) As IntegerIf IsMissing(b) = True ThenABC = a * aElseABC = a * bEnd IfEnd FunctionPrivate Sub Command1_Click()Print ABC(10, 2), ABC(3)End Sub答案是（20,15）缺省参数IsMissing(b) = True 的意思是如果b是缺省的，但是b已经给了默认值了，就不可能再缺省了，所以这条不执行。
ABC(3) 没有给b,就默认b是5ABC(10, 2) 给了b的值，就不用b的默认值了，用2.5.Private Function ABC(A As Integer)Static K As IntegerK = K + AABC = KEnd FunctionPrivate Sub Command1_Click()Dim I As Integer, S As IntegerFor I = 1 To 5S = S + ABC(I)NextPrint SEnd Sub静态局部变量可以保留上次函数调用的值。
（35）1+1+2+1+2+3+1+2+3+4+1+2+3+4+5=35四．程序填空（30分）1.下面函数的功能是随机产生一个字母（大小写都可能），并返回该字母，阅读并理解程序，填写缺失的代码。
Private Function zm() As StringRandomizeDim k As IntegerDo【k=int(rnd*58+65) 】这个的意思是要产生一个65到122的随机数Loop【until 】Not (k < 97 And k > 90) 这个的意思是大小写字母之间的其他如果是while, 就不要那个not【zm 】= Chr(k)End Function2.有下面界面（图1）用于学习标兵的评选，选择合适的人选后（必须选择5人）按提交按钮（Commadn1）把本次的选择结果写到文件中（中将记录所有的评选结果，如图2所示）。