研究生英语学术论文写作基础杨炳钧参考答案 (1)
《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》杨炳钧参考答案
《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》教师参考作者：杨炳钧复旦大学出版社，2009年第一部分学术论文基本构件及其写法课前准备【提示】该环节可以让学生充分表达自己的看法，对错可以先不判定，本章学完之后再回过头加以分析。
1) The Method s of Improv e your Oral Englis h in Native Chines e-speaki ng School 【解答】首先，这个标题有语法错误和大小写错误，应当修改为The Method s of Improv ing Your Oral Englis h in Native Chines e-speaki ng School；其次，其中的代词your用得不合适，因为它是一种对话口吻，一般不适宜于学术论文；另外，标题中一般尽可能不用功能词，即介词、冠词、连词等。
如果要改进这个标题，可以表达为Method s of Improv ing Colle ge Students’ Oral Englis h in China等。
2) The studyof Chines e Teachi ng in Thaila nd Overse as School【解答】该标题修饰关系不清，大小写有误，study等多余。
可以改进为Teaching Chinese in Schools in Thaila nd等。
3) A New Opport unity to the moraldevelo pment of ruralleft-behind childr en【解答】该标题大小写有误；new的用法值得考虑，因为除非已经有所谓的opportunity，否则就没有什么new；修饰关系也有问题，尤其是to用得不对。
《英语论文写作教程》第三章练习答案
《英语论文写作教程》第三章练习答案Reference Key to Exercises该答案适用于：《英语论文写作教程》操时尧柯军编著湖北科学技术出版社2013.5Chapter 3 Writing ProcessI. Which of the following would be considered as plagiarism?Answer: (a),(b),(d)and(e)are plagiarism.II. Study the topic questions and related information below, and complete an outline in the grid. Title: A comparison of advertising effects between newspapers and TVMain body:i) Benefits of TV advertising (reach large audience, have strong impact)ii) Drawbacks of TV advertising (expensive and can be ignored)iii) Benefits of newspaper advertising (flexible, cheap, focused)iv) Drawbacks of newspaper advertising (static)Conclusion: TV more effective in reaching large numbers but newspapers probably better for specialized marketsIII. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.如果某人在学术论文中直接引用或者转述他人的原话，而未标明文献来源，这就是学术剽窃。
英语写作基础2019年10月真题试题及答案解析(00597)_1
Writing a summary is an excellent way to understand what is read. This in itself is an important goal of academic study. If youdon'tunderstand your source material, chances are that you will not be able to refer to it usefully in an essay or a researchpaper.
问题内容：
试题答案：
Please let me know the reason why he didn’t accept my invitation to give a lecture.
Байду номын сангаас试题解析：
7、
Mike and Susan live in different cities. They call each other on a daily basis. (simple sentence)
问题内容：
试题答案：
When the final exam is approaching, some students take it seriously, while other students take it as it comes.
试题解析：
Anderson graduated from a local grammar school, after that he went on to Oxford University.
D.There are no nuclear power plants in such African countriesasEthiopia andRwanda.
研究生基础综合英语（邱东林版）课文中英对照加课后习题答案
研究生基础综合英语（邱东林版）课文中英对照加课后习题答案Unit One：EducationText：In Praise of the F Word对F的赞美Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. These diplomas won’t look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates.Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate.今年，将有成千上万的18岁学生毕业并被授于毫无意义的文凭。
这些文凭对每个人都是一样的,没有一点差别，而不管学生的成绩如何.但当雇主发现他们没有实际能力时，文凭的有效性就会被质疑。
Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational repair shops-adult-literacy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high school graduates and high school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school . They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system.即使少数幸运的人找到了成人进修的地方，像我教语法和写作的地方。
研究生英语学术论文写作基础杨炳钧 参考答案【VIP专享】
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，通系电1，力过根保管据护线生高0不产中仅工资2艺料22高试2可中卷以资配解料置决试技吊卷术顶要是层求指配，机置对组不电在规气进范设行高备继中进电资行保料空护试载高卷与中问带资题负料2荷试2，下卷而高总且中体可资配保料置障试时2卷，32调需3各控要类试在管验最路；大习对限题设度到备内位进来。行确在调保管整机路使组敷其高设在中过正资程常料1工试中况卷，下安要与全加过，强度并看工且25作尽52下可22都能护可地1关以缩于正小管常故路工障高作高中；中资对资料于料试继试卷电卷连保破接护坏管进范口行围处整，理核或高对者中定对资值某料，些试审异卷核常弯与高扁校中度对资固图料定纸试盒，卷位编工置写况.复进保杂行护设自层备动防与处腐装理跨置，接高尤地中其线资要弯料避曲试免半卷错径调误标试高方中等案资，，料要编试求5写、卷技重电保术要气护交设设装底备备置。4高调、动管中试电作线资高气，敷料中课并设3试资件且、技卷料中拒管术试试调绝路中验卷试动敷包方技作设含案术，技线以来术槽及避、系免管统不架启必等动要多方高项案中方；资式对料，整试为套卷解启突决动然高过停中程机语中。文高因电中此气资，课料电件试力中卷高管电中壁气资薄设料、备试接进卷口行保不调护严试装等工置问作调题并试，且技合进术理行，利过要用关求管运电线行力敷高保设中护技资装术料置。试做线卷到缆技准敷术确设指灵原导活则。。：对对在于于分调差线试动盒过保处程护，中装当高置不中高同资中电料资压试料回卷试路技卷交术调叉问试时题技，，术应作是采为指用调发金试电属人机隔员一板，变进需压行要器隔在组开事在处前发理掌生；握内同图部一纸故线资障槽料时内、，设需强备要电制进回造行路厂外须家部同出电时具源切高高断中中习资资题料料电试试源卷卷，试切线验除缆报从敷告而设与采完相用毕关高，技中要术资进资料行料试检，卷查并主和且要检了保测解护处现装理场置。设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，通系电1，力过根保管据护线0生高不产中仅工资22艺料22高试可中卷以资配解料置决试技吊卷术顶要是层求指配，机置对组不电在规气进范设行高备继中进电资行保料空护试载高卷与中问带资题负料22荷试，下卷而高总且中体可资配保料置障试时23卷，23调需各控要类试在管验最路；大习对限题设度到备内位进来。行确在调保管整机路使组敷其高设在中过正资程常料1工试中况卷，下安要与全加过，强度并看2工且55作尽22下可2都能护1可地关以缩于正小管常故路工障高作高中；中资对资料于料试继试卷电卷连保破接护坏管进范口行围处整，理核或高对者中定对资值某料，些试审异卷核常弯与高扁校中度对资固图料定纸试盒，卷位编工置写况.复进保杂行护设自层备动防与处腐装理跨置，接高尤地中其线资要弯料避曲试免半卷错径调误标试高方中等案资，，料要编5试求写、卷技重电保术要气护交设设装底备备4置。高调、动管中试电作线资高气，敷料中课并3设试资件且、技卷料中拒管术试试调绝路中验卷试动敷包方技作设含案术，技线以来术槽及避、系免管统不架启必等动要多方高项案中方；资式对料，整试为套卷解启突决动然高过停中程机语中。文高因电中此气资，课料电件试力中卷高管电中壁气资薄设料、备试接进卷口行保不调护严试装等工置问作调题并试，且技合进术理行，利过要用关求管运电线行力敷高保设中护技资装术料置。试做线卷到缆技准敷术确设指灵原导活则。。：对对在于于分调差线试动盒过保处程护，中装当高置不中高同资中电料资压试料回卷试路技卷交术调叉问试时题技，，术应作是采为指用调发金试电属人机隔员一板，变进需压行要器隔在组开事在处前发理掌生；握内同图部一纸故线资障槽料时内、，设需强备要电制进回造行路厂外须家部同出电时具源切高高断中中习资资题料料电试试源卷卷，试切线验除缆报从敷告而设与采完相用毕关高，技中要术资进资料行料试检，卷查并主和且要检了保测解护处现装理场置。设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
研究生英语写译教程基础级第三版袁锡兴杨若东写作篇Chapter1Theparagraph PPT
– There are different opinions. – There are different opinions about ... even among experts. – Different opinions arise from different sides people take.
c) The most general statement in the paragraph.
II. The Topic Sentence
– American food is tasteless and greasy because Americans use too many canned, frozen, and prepackaged foods and because everything is fried in oil or butter.
One main idea
I. Introduction
• Functions of each element:
the main idea of the paragraph:
TS
naming & controling
TW
link ss, show logic
SS SS SS 12x
develop the ts: reasons, facts, egs. statistics, quotations etc.
II. The Topic Sentence
• 3. Position of Topic Sentences
a)At the beginning of a paragraph; b)At the end of a paragraph; c)Implied. • eg: page 6-7 • Exercises: page 7 • Para. 1: C A D B • Para. 2: B G E A D C F • Para. 3: D B E A F C • Para. 4: B E F C A D G
研究生英语写作教程基础级第三版答案
研究生英语写作教程基础级第三版答案1、You can borrow my book, _____ you promise to give it back to me by the end of this month. [单选题] *A.even ifB. as long as(正确答案)C. in caseD. even though2、Don’t talk _______. Your grandmother is sleeping now. [单选题] *A. happilyB. nearlyC. loudly(正确答案)D. hardly3、This year our school is _____ than it was last year. [单选题] *A. much more beautiful(正确答案)B. much beautifulC. the most beautifulD. beautiful4、It is my _______ to meet you here. [单选题] *A. pleasure(正确答案)B. pleaseC. pleasedD. pleasant5、_____ yuan a month _____ not enough for a family of three to live on today. [单选题] *A. Five hundred; is(正确答案)B. Five hundreds; areC. Five hundred; areD.Five hundreds; is6、34．My mother usually_______ much time shopping in the supermarkets on weekends. [单选题] *A．spends (正确答案)B．costsC．takesD．pays7、We got up early this morning and took a long walk after breakfast. We walked _____ the business section of the city. [单选题] *A. amongB. betweenC. through(正确答案)D. upon8、27．My father is a professor and he works in__________ university. [单选题] *A．a (正确答案)B．anC．/D．the9、My daughter is neither slim nor fat and she’d like a _______ skirt. [单选题] *A. largeB. medium(正确答案)C. smallD. mini10、They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was night began to fall. [单选题] *A. thatB. itC. what(正确答案)D. which11、64．Would you like to drink ________？[单选题] *A．something else(正确答案)B．anything elseC．else somethingD．else anything12、24．I often ask my English teacher some questions ________ e-mail. [单选题] * A．by(正确答案)B．inC．forD．with13、There is _______ meat in the fridge.Lets go and buy some. [单选题] *A. little(正确答案)B. a littleC. fewD. a few14、They took _____ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping. [单选题] *A.efficientB.beneficialC.validD.effective(正确答案)15、What about _______ there by bike? [单选题] *A. goesB. wentC. goD. going(正确答案)16、The children ______ visiting the museum. [单选题] *A. look overB. look forward to(正确答案)C. look forD. look after17、I have only two tickets for TF Boys’concert. ______ you ______ he can go with me.（）[单选题] *A. Either; or(正确答案)B. Either; norC. Both; andD. Not only; but also18、( ) She keeps on learning English all the time. So far, she______three books of New Concept English. [单选题] *A. has learned(正确答案)B. have learnedC. had learnedD. learn19、Mom is making dinner. It _______ so nice! [单选题] *A. smells(正确答案)B. tastesC. feelsD. sounds20、( ) They have_____ useful dictionary. They want to lend it___ us. [单选题] *A. an; forB. a; fromC. an; toD. a; to(正确答案)21、—Is there ______ else I can do for you? —No, thanks. I can manage it myself.（）[单选题] *A. everythingB. anything(正确答案)C. nothingD. some things22、Many people believe that _________one has, _______ one is, but actually it is not true. [单选题] *A. the more money ; the happier(正确答案)B. the more money ; the more happyC. the less money ; the happierD. the less money ; the more happy23、—Where ______ you ______ for your last winter holiday?—Paris. We had a great time. （）[单选题] *A. did; go(正确答案)B. do; goC. are; goingD. can; go24、Do not _______ me to help you unless you work harder. [单选题] *A. expect(正确答案)B. hopeC. dependD. think25、Though the _____ drama is wonderful, I guess most audiences will be tired as it is too long. [单选题] *A. four-hour(正确答案)B. four hoursC. four-hoursD. four-hour's26、21．Design a travel guide for Shanghai! ________ the competition and be the winner! [单选题] *A．JoinB．AttendC．EnterD．Take part in (正确答案)27、The students _____ outdoors when the visitors arrived. [单选题] *A. were playing(正确答案)B. have playedC. would playD. could play28、Be careful when you _______ the street. [单选题] *A. are crossingB. is crossingC. cross(正确答案)D. is cross29、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.（）[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her30、—What can I do to help at the old people’s home?—You ______ read stories to the old people. （）[单选题] *A. could(正确答案)B. mustC. shouldD. would。
2023大学_研究生英语写译教程(袁锡兴著)课后答案下载
2023研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）课后答案下载2023研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）课后答案下载理论篇第一章课前的共识与准备一、汉译英美文欣赏二、英语美文欣赏第二章翻译的标准一、国内外翻译理论关于翻译标准的讨论二、翻译的基本要求第三章研究生英文写作的'规范和要求一、常见错误二、书写格式三、评价标准四、句型多样化的具体措施第四章研究生英汉/汉英翻译中存在的问题及对策一、语法能力问题及对策二、社会语言能力问题及对策三、篇章能力问题及对策四、策略能力问题及对策第五章从形合和意合看汉英翻译与英语写作一、关于形合和意合二、从形合和意合看汉英翻译三、从形合和意合看英语写作第六章中式英语之鉴一、中式英语与中国英语二、中式英语原因分析三、中式英语表现第七章语料库——有效提升语言能力的宝库一、国内外语料库资源二、学习者语料库的三个个案研究三、研究生英语学习者高频词搭配调查四、语料库方法的具体运用案例实践篇第八章句子的写作与翻译一、英语基本句型二、英语特殊句式三、英语比较结构的翻译第九章翻译基本技巧一、词义的选择二、词义的引申三、增词法四、减词法五、词类的转换六、正说与反说的转换七、语态的转换八、英语从句的汉译九、长句的翻译十、分句与合句法第十章英语修辞及其翻译一、言语修养二、英语常用修辞格及其翻译第十一章段落及篇章的写作一、段落和篇章写作的基本要求二、段落展开的方法三、篇章的写作第十二章文体翻译一、文本类型与翻译策略二、科技翻译三、文学翻译四、新闻文体的翻译五、社科类语篇翻译选录第十三章实用写作与翻译一、简历二、求职信函三、求学信函四、续函五、邀请信六、推荐信七、投诉信八、致编辑的信九、公示语十、广告第十四章学术英语写作一、学术论文的分类、特点及组成部分二、学术英语论文各部分写作要略口译篇第十五章口译基础知识一、口译简介二、口译与笔译的关系三、口译对译员的要求四、口译人才的主要培养模式五、口译的基本操作技能六、口译入门的基础环节——听力七、口译训练的重要方式——视译八、口译实践的关键步骤——笔记九、口译测试第十六章口译英汉互译材料一、礼仪庆典二、文化教育三、经济社会附录I中华人民共和国翻译服务规范(笫二部分、口译) 附录Ⅱ现场口译服务质量标准附录Ⅲ翻译服务译文质量要求附录Ⅳ国际会议口译工作者协会(ATTC)口译职业道德准则参考答案参考文献研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）：内容简介点击此处下载研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）课后答案研究生英语写译教程（袁锡兴著）：目录本着实用有效的原则，巧妙地将翻译和写作糅合在一起，通过英汉两种语言的对比分析，帮助学生进一步认识英语语言的本质特征，以译促写、以写促译，综合提高学生实际运用英语语言的能力，尤其是借助英语进行国际学术交流的能力。
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《研究生英语学术论文写作基础》教师参考作者：杨炳钧复旦大学出版社，2009年第一部分学术论文基本构件及其写法课前准备【提示】该环节可以让学生充分表达自己的看法，对错可以先不判定，本章学完之后再回过头加以分析。
1) The Methods of Improve your Oral English in Native Chinese-speaking School 【解答】首先，这个标题有语法错误和大小写错误，应当修改为The Methods of Improving Your Oral English in Native Chinese-speaking School；其次，其中的代词your用得不合适，因为它是一种对话口吻，一般不适宜于学术论文；另外，标题中一般尽可能不用功能词，即介词、冠词、连词等。
如果要改进这个标题，可以表达为Methods of Improving College Students’ Oral English in China等。
2) The study of Chinese Teaching in Thailand Overseas School【解答】该标题修饰关系不清，大小写有误，study等多余。
可以改进为Teaching Chinese in Schools in Thailand等。
3) A New Opportunity to the moral development of rural left-behind children【解答】该标题大小写有误；new的用法值得考虑，因为除非已经有所谓的opportunity，否则就没有什么new；修饰关系也有问题，尤其是to用得不对。
可以改进为Opportunity for the Moral Development of Left-behind Children in Rural Regions等。
4) The H2O2-biosensor based on PVP and Nano-Au【解答】这个标题相对较好，但大小写还有问题，冠词多余，限定不够明确。
可以修改为Developing H2O2-biosensor Based on PVP and Nano-Au等。
5) The identification of PCV2 Gene【解答】该标题主要毛病是冠词多余，限定不够。
如果是研究如何辨别，那么可以修改为How to identify PCV2 Gene?或Identifying PCV2 Gene等。
6) advantages and challenges of electroplating on Magnesium alloys【解答】这个标题的问题是大小写不规范。
应当修改为Advantages and Challenges of Electroplating on Magnesium Alloys等。
7) The impact of threatening information on pain recover time【解答】按照英式大小写，该标题大小写是规范的，但recover的修饰关系不明确；另外，冠词the可以省略。
修改为Impact of threatening information on pain recovery time或Impact of Threatening Information on Pain Recovery Time等。
8) The Issues of Copyright in Cyber-space【解答】这个标题相对较好，没太大问题。
可以把the省略。
9) Research on student’s achievement assessment in mathematics.【解答】这个标题中的research这个词是多余的，而末尾的句点则是一个严重标题错误。
应当修改为Assessment of s tudent’s achievement in mathematics或Assessment of S tudent’s Achievement in Mathematics等。
10) the diet problem in China【解答】这个标题大小写不规范，冠词多余，话题太大、太泛，不像学术论文标题。
可以修改为Causes of the diet problem in China或Causes of the Diet Problem in China等。
【注】标题之首的冠词一般省略，而内部修饰关系中的冠词看情况来定。
标题的基本类别【提示】这部分可以采取让学生合上课本来思考标题类别的形式授课。
拟定论文标题的基本原则【提示】可以问学生哪个原则最为重要。
我们认为，可检索原则是最为重要的，只有充分体现该原则，论文才有生命力。
课后练习练习一：【解答】Discourse Markers in Spontaneous Speech: Oh What a Difference an Oh Makes该标题简练而富有吸引力，其中前半部是主题，后半部是一个典型例证，而且这个例证又从一个侧面说明Oh这个话语标记的重要作用。
Repeating Words in Spontaneous Speech该标题是常见的直接进入核心主题式的标题，简洁清晰。
练习二：【解答】（1）A model of eye movements虽然比较规范，但过于宽泛，应当加以限定。
（2）Elephants hear, elephants do虽然显得很新颖，但可检索性很差。
（3）Beauty is not simply in the eye of the beholder不像个表题，因为一般来说标题不能用句子表达，除非是问句或感叹句，另外没有科学意义上的关键词，可检索性差。
（4）A study of English car magazines published in China中的a study是多余的，另外，English car magazines的意思不清楚。
（5）Reducing air pollution in urban areas: The role of urban planners是一个很不错的标题。
练习三：参见前面的分析第二章如何写姓名、单位以及致谢？课前准备【提示】论文中的致谢不仅可以用来感谢直接对论文做出过贡献、提供过帮助或建议的人，也可以用来感谢提供资助和研究条件的单位，甚至还可以用来感谢间接对论文做出贡献的人，比如自己的亲友等。
当然，学术论文中的主要看重有直接贡献的。
署名与单位的作用【提示】版权转让协议中最为关键的是作者的签名。
在英美国家，没有签名的文件是无效的，没有法律效力。
中国人姓名的英文写法【提示】比较折中的做法是在国际交流中应当采用国际人士看起来一目了然，不至于误解的写法；而在国内采取国家标准规定的写法。
课后练习练习一：【解答】作者一个是Jean E. Fox Tree，另一个是Josef C. Schrock，共两位；其中前一个作者名为Jean E., 姓为Fox Tree，如果姓为Tree, 那么按这里的书写规律，应当写为Jean E. F. Tree；另一个作者名为Josef C., 姓为Schrock。
单位为加州大学Santa Cruz分校。
致谢中作者首先说明了基金资助情况（University of California提供的教师研究基金，University of California社会科学部研究奖，University of California提供的事业奖），之后作者感谢Herbert Clark提供资料和建议，感谢学生帮忙准备和执行实验，特别感谢Jennifer Black, Duane Cleghorn, Duane Cobb, Ben Nisenbaum 和Taylor Norrish等人，最后感谢了三个匿名审稿人，还附带说明录音转述资料可以通过作者获取。
这里要说明的是，感谢匿名审稿人非常重要，因为它可以从侧面说明刊物的严肃性和公正性。
另外，某些刊物在作者姓名下就留下详细的联系地址，而有些则在其他位置留下详细地址。
练习二：【解答】根据自己的情况来写，关键在于符合规范。
【提示】汉语可以不用或少用连接词，英语则必须依赖连接词来进行表达。
第三章摘要的特点及其写法课前准备【提示】英文摘要不是汉语摘要的一对一的译文。
当然，如果汉语摘要和英语摘要都严格按照大多数定量研究所规定规范来写，那么以一对一的翻译也是可以接受的。
【解答】该摘要第一句话实际上是“研究目的”，即研究food habits；第二句话是研究的背景理论或观点；第三和第四句讲的是“研究方法”；第五、六句是“研究结果”；最后两句话是结论。
摘要的基本结构和写法【提示】无论如何写，摘要都不能与引言和结论中的句子完全重复。
它们各自的作用并不同。
【提示】一般少用this paper/article/manuscript等表达，开门见山地直接用所涉及的变量或对象来进行说明。
这里举例子时用得比较多，原因是缺乏上下文而只举些简单的例子。
关键词与概要【提示】有些学位论文每一章结束时都可以进行一个小的总结，也成为summary，目的就是把该章的主要内容加以高度概括。
课后练习练习一：【解答】Acquisition of a Personal Morality: Chinese Educational Perspectives 这个摘要的标题是合适的。
内容包括：背景[Acquisition of a personal morality is one of the most important topics addressed by social and educational theorists.]目的[We review ancient and modern Chinese scholarly perspectives related to the acquisition of personal morality, and present our conclusions, ]结论[that morality is best conveyed through education, and needs to be an essential component of a basic K-12 secular educational curriculum.] 这个摘要中review一词表明了其研究方法是综述或评述。
总体来看内容比较合理。
不过，“结论”部分的语言表达需要作如下改进：We review ancient and modern Chinese scholarly perspectives related to the acquisition of personal morality. It can be concluded that morality is best conveyed through education, and it needs to be an essential component of a basic K-12 secular educational curriculum.The Clone of Upstream Control Sequence of Bombyx mandarina Sericin1 Gene 这个摘要的标题需要改进，根据内容应当修改为Comparing the upstream regulation sequence of silkworm sericin gene内容包括：背景[第1、2句]研究目的和方法[第3、4句]研究结论[第5句]时态和有些表达表达不当，应当修改如下：Abstract: The sericin1 gene is the main expression gene which expresses the sericin protein, and its sequence and structure has been studied in detail. Its upstream regulation sequence has much influence on the expression and regulation of the gene. This research compared the upstream regulation sequence of silkworm sericin gene with that of sericin gene of different Bombyx mandarina from different areas through PCR, analysed the polymoriphyism of Bombyx mandarina sequences by comparing the difference among sequences. The results indicated that the upstream regulation sequence of sericin gene between silkworm and Bombyx mandarina was highly homologous.Keywords:sericin gene; upstream control sequence; polymoriphyism;Bombyx mandarinaStudy of characteristics of DFB laser with optical feedback这个摘要的标题需要改进，根据内容应当修改为Output characteristics of DFB lasers subjected to optical feedback背景[第1、2句]研究目的和方法[in this paper 到the simulation results之前]研究结论[剩余部分]时态、标点有些表达不当，应当修改如下：Abstract: With the development of optical communication, semiconductor lasers become indispensable in long distance communication and information processing, but they are very sensitive to external optical feedback and tend to yield nonlinear dynamic output. Based on the theoretical model of semiconductor lasers with external-cavity optical feedback by Lang-Kobayashi, the output characteristics of DFB lasers subjected to optical feedback are studied in this paper. The simulation results showed that, under the optical feedback, the output of DFB lasers are affected by feedback strength and feedback delay time. When the feedback strength and feedback delay time are increased, DFB lasers exhibit stable period-one oscillation, period-two oscillation, multi-period oscillation, deterministic chaos and many other complex nonlinear instabilities. When the DFB lasers exhibit chaotic characteristics, the output of the semiconductor lasers is complicated, irregular, and noise-like sub-nanosecond pulse waveform.Key words: DFB laser; external-cavity; optical feedback练习二：【解答】引言，背景，目的，假设，方法，结果，讨论，结论。