对于中世纪骑士的传说

对于中世纪骑士的传说，往往夸大着种种浪漫的遐想。这多半来自我们对现状的不满和凭空想象：居住在古色古香的城堡中，过着贵族一般富足的生活；战胜邪恶的魔法师和巨人，保护善良但是无知的农民，凭着贵妇人或者国王的名号行侠仗义。令唐·吉柯德颠倒沉迷的游侠小说，或普罗旺斯民谣歌手的即兴创作，充分解释了理想中骑士的行为规范。但是，即便是现代人，也无法时时遵从自己的良知；何况是靠武力说话的过去，骑士行事也常常偏离限定的轨道。

14、15世纪，欧洲各国军队的组织方式大同小异，国王下面是总管和元帅，他们的职权时而独立时而交叉。再下面是传令官Herald，担任副官、文书和参谋的角色，并且顾名思义的，常被派去对方营地下战书或要求停战，战后还要负责清点己方的伤亡，是个全能的职位。下面的作战部队以中队划分，由贵族或者骑士统带。一般来讲，骑士分成两个级别，一种叫Banneret，就称为骑士，这个名字来自于他们长方形的旗帜，是作战的主力。见习骑士称为Bachelor，即学徒兵，组成更小的队列跟在主力后面，他们需要积累经验，掌握更多的作战技巧。见习骑士的旗帜也是长方形的，但末端开叉成燕尾状。等他们有了相当的功绩后，可以向司令请求升级。于是传令官将之旗帜上的燕尾剪去，升级成骑士。

因此，很多教会的行为准则成为了骑士的准则，骑士

成为了上帝的战士。当时骑士的准则主要为以下几点：做一个虔诚的基督徒。12～13世纪后，虔诚成为首要准则，信仰基督教既是品质，也是资格，对骑士有了规定和约束。骑士的装备也代表着教义，剑是十字教的象征，盾代表着保护教会的职责，双刃剑则代表了正义的一面和杀敌。而且信仰上帝，骑士也必须有实际行动，为祈祷和忏悔罪行。必须成为保护教会的卫士，世俗国家是上帝在人间的房间，国王是房间的代表，骑士保护国王既为保护上帝，从而转化为保护教会的职责。

地位

骑士的属于贵族阶层，地位一般不定。比如王子必须是骑士才能继承王位。骑士是一个荣誉称号，象征着骑士的荣耀。

职能

一个男孩成为骑士要经过14年的艰苦训练。在这段期间，受训的男孩最初要跟随领主夫人担任侍童、学习礼仪，之后要学习“骑士七技”（游泳、投枪、击剑、骑术、狩猎、弈棋、诗歌），又要为领主或负责训练他的骑士工作。成为骑士后，他要遵行“骑士精神”，例如效忠国王或领主、保护教会和妇孺、锄强扶弱以及英勇作战等。

For the legendary medieval knight, tend to exaggerate the various romantic reverie. This is mostly from our dissatisfaction with the status quo and imagined: living in antique castle, live a prosperous life in general nobility; and the Giants defeated the evil magician, protect good but ignorant peasant, with a lady or a king's chivalric name. • Don Quixote reversed so obsessed Ranger novels, or improvised Provencal troubadours, and fully explains the ideal knight's code of conduct. But even modern people can not always follow your conscience; not to mention the talking in the past by force, often deviate knight act defined track.

14th and 15th century European military organization similar, king Below are manifold and marshal their powers sometimes independently and sometimes cross. Here again is the role of the herald Herald, served as adjutant, instruments and staff, and as the name suggests, and are often sent to other camps under the gauntlet or request a truce, but also responsible for the post-war inventory of friendly casualties, is a versatile post. The following combat troops to squadron divided by nobles or knights belt system. Generally speaking, the knight is divided into two levels, one called Banneret, called the Knight, the name comes from their rectangular banner, is the main battle. Trainee knight called Bachelor, namely apprentice soldiers, composed of smaller queue behind the main, they need to gain experience, have more combat skills. Trainee knight's banner is rectangular, but split into a dovetail-shaped ends. Etc. They have considerable merit, may request the upgrade to commander. Then the herald of a banner on the dovetail cut, upgrade to Knight. Thus, many churches became Code of Conduct guidelines Knight, Knight became a soldier of God. Knight was the main criterion for the following: Make a devout Christian. After 12 to 13 centuries, devout become the primary criterion, both the quality of the Christian faith, but also the qualification requirements and constraints of the Knights had. Knight's equipment also represents the doctrine taught sword is a symbol of the cross, shield represents protection of church duties, double-edged sword represents the side of justice and the enemy. And faith in God, the Knights must also have practical action, prayer and penance for the offense. Must be the protection of the church guards, secular country in the world is God's room, the king is the representative of the room, both for the protection of the king knight protection of God, which translates to protect the church's responsibility.

Status

Knight belongs to the aristocracy, the status of the general uncertainty. For example, the prince must be a knight in