中世纪骑士 英文
中世纪单词
中世纪单词单词：knight1.1 词性：名词1.2 中文释义：骑士，中世纪的武士1.3 英文释义：A man who served his sovereign or lord as a mounted warrior in the Middle Ages.1.4 同义词：cavalier---2 起源与背景2.1 词源：源自日耳曼语，与骑马和战斗有关。
2.2 趣闻：在中世纪，骑士被视为勇敢和荣誉的象征，他们要经过严格的训练和骑士授勋仪式。
骑士们经常参加比武大会，展示他们的武艺和勇气。
---3 常用搭配与短语3.1 短语：knight errant（游侠骑士）例句：The knight errant rode through the land in search of adventure.翻译：那名游侠骑士骑马穿越这片土地去寻找冒险。
3.2 短语：knight in shining armor（穿着闪亮盔甲的骑士，引申为救星）例句：When she was in trouble, he came like a knight in shining armor.翻译：当她遇到麻烦时，他像个救星一样出现了。
---4 实用片段（1）"The knight rode into the battle, his sword held high." The crowd watched in awe as he charged towards the enemy. "He is truly a brave knight," someone shouted.翻译：“那骑士骑着马进入战场，他的剑高举着。
”人群敬畏地看着他冲向敌人。
“他真是个勇敢的骑士，”有人喊道。
（2）"The young man dreamed of bing a knight and serving the king." His father smiled and said, "It will take a lot of hard work and training."翻译：“那个年轻人梦想成为一名骑士并为国王效力。
骑士和骑士文化英文介绍
b benefices.
3
knight’s status
• During the High Middle Ages, knighthood
was considered a class of lower nobility.
Usually only sons of knights or lords can
b
10
chivalry
• Historically, the ideals of chivalry（骑士精神）
were popularized in medieval literature, especially
the Matter of Britain and Matter of France, Sir
ranks during the Middle Ages.
b
4
Knight’s appearance
b
5
How to be a knight?
• Becoming a knight is the dream of every boy in middle ages, but the process it extremely tough.
b
7
The Knight’s Oath（宣誓）
• Said by feudal lord（册封者）： • Be without fear in the face of your enemies. Be brave and
upright that God may see. Speak the truth even if it leads to your death. Save God the helpless. That is your oath. And that so you remember it. Rise a knight! 强敌当前，无畏不惧！ 果敢忠义，无愧上帝！ 耿正直 言，宁死不诳！ 保护弱者，无怪天理！ 这是你的誓词， 牢牢记住！册封为骑士！
骑士knights
The spirit of knights
谦卑（ 谦卑（Humility） ） 荣誉（ 荣誉（Honor） ） 牺牲（ 牺牲（Sacrifice） ） 英勇（Valor） 英勇（Valor） 怜悯（ 怜悯（Compassion） ） 诚实（ 诚实（Honesty） ） 精神（ 精神（Spirituality） ） 公正（ 公正（Justice） ）
Orders of knighthood
Chivalric orders Military–monastic orders
The Seal of the Knights Templar
Livonian Knights at war in Northern Europe during the early 13th century.
Some orders of knighthood, such as the Knights Templar, have themselves become the object of legend; others have disappeared into obscurity. Today, a number of orders of knighthood continue to exist in several countries, such as the English Order of the Garter, the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim, and the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav. Each of these orders has its own criteria for eligibility, but knighthood is generally granted by a head of state to selected persons to recognise some meritorious achievement.
中世纪兵种中英文对照完美版
中世纪兵种中英文对照完美版English(英国)Peasants农民Town Militia城镇民兵Levy Spearmen征召矛兵Spear Militia长矛民兵Armored Sergeants重装军士Bill Militia钩镰民兵Billmen钩镰兵Heavy Billmen重装钩镰兵Sherwood Archers舍武德弓箭手Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Archer Militia弓箭民兵Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵Armored Swordsmen重装剑士Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Dismounted English Knights步行英格兰骑士Heavy Bill Militia重装钩镰民兵Longbowmen长弓兵Yeoman Archers约曼弓箭兵Dismounted Longbowmen长弓卫队Hobilars霍比拉游骑兵Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Demi Lancers轻枪骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士NE Bodyguard早期将领卫队English Knights英格兰骑士NE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Knights Templar圣殿骑士NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Ribault管炮NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Mortar迫击炮NE Bombard攻城炮NE Culverin长管炮Welsh Spearmen Mercs威尔士矛兵Irish Kerns Mercs爱尔兰标枪兵French(法国)Peasants农民Town Militia城镇民兵Pike Militia长矛民兵Pikemen长矛兵Spear Militia长矛民兵Sergeant Spearmen长矛军士Armored Sergeants重装军士Partisan Militia钩斧民兵Voulgier钩斧兵Dismounted Noble Knights步行贵族骑士Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Dismounted Chivalric Knights步行侠义骑士Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵Peasant Crossbowmen平民弩兵Crossbow Militia持弩民兵Crossbowmen弩兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Aventurier冒险者弩兵Dismounted French Archers步行法兰西弓骑兵Scots Guard苏格兰卫队Mounted Sergeants骑马军士Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士Gendarmes宪兵骑士NE Bodyguard早期将领卫队NE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights Templar圣殿骑士Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Chivalric Knights侠义骑士Noble Knights贵族骑士Lancers重装枪骑兵French Mounted Archers法兰西弓骑兵NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Bombard攻城炮NE Serpentine蛇炮NE Grand Bombard重型攻城炮NE Culverin长管炮NE Basilisk蜥炮Religious Fanatics宗教狂热团Flemish Pikemen Mercs佛兰芒戟兵Swiss Pikemen Mercs瑞士戟兵The Holy Roman Empire(圣罗马帝国) Peasants农民Town Militia城镇民兵Pike Militia晚期长矛民兵Spear Militia早期长矛民兵Sergeant Spearmen长矛军士Armored Sergeants重装军士Halberd Militia长戟民兵Dismounted Imperial Knights步行帝国骑士Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Forlorn Hope敢死团Zweihander双手剑士Dismounted Gothic Knights歌德步兵Peasant Archers平民弓兵Peasant Crossbowmen平民弩兵Crossbow Militia持弩民兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Pavise Crossbowmen巨盾弩兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Mounted Sergeants骑马军士Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士Imperial Knights帝国骑士NE Bodyguard早期将领卫队NE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Teutonic Knights条顿骑士Gothic Knights歌德骑士Mounted Crossbowmen弩骑兵Reiters黑衫骑士NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Bombard攻城炮NE Serpentine蛇炮NE Grand Bombard重型攻城炮NE Cannon加农炮NE Basilisk蜥炮Religious Fanatics宗教狂热团Landschneckt Pikemen郎斯克纳兹矛兵Spain(西班牙)Peasants农民Town Militia城镇民兵Swordsmen Militia民兵剑士Sword and Buckler Men圆盾剑士Pike Militia长矛民兵(长枪兵)Spear Militia早期长矛民兵Tercio Pikemen西班牙矛兵(长枪兵) Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Dismounted Chivalric Knights步行侠义骑士Dismounted Conquistadores征服者步兵Peasant Crossbowmen平民弩兵Crossbow Militia持弩民兵Peasant Archers平民弓兵Javelinmen伊比利亚标枪兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Pavise Crossbowmen巨盾弩兵Musketeers滑膛枪兵Almughavars阿拉贡突袭兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士Gendarmes宪兵骑士SE Bodyguard早期将领卫队SE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights of Santiago圣地亚哥骑士Conquistadores征服者骑兵Chivalric Knights侠义骑士Mounted Crossbowmen弩骑兵Jinetes标枪骑兵NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Ribault管炮NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Bombard攻城炮NE Grand Bombard重型攻城炮NE Culverin长管炮NE Basilisk蜥炮Venice(威尼斯)Peasants农民Italian Militia意大利民兵Pike Militia长矛民兵Sergeant Spearmen长矛军士Italian Spear Militia意大利长矛民兵Armored Sergeants重装军士Dismounted Italian MAA步行意大利重骑兵Dismounted Broken Lances步行独立枪骑兵Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Venetian Heavy Infantry威尼斯重装步兵Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵Peasant Crossbowmen平民弩兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Pavise Crossbow Militia巨盾持弩民兵Musketeers滑膛枪兵Venetian Archers威尼斯弓箭兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Mounted Sergeants骑马军士Stradiots巴尔干骑兵Italian Cavalry Militia意大利骑马民兵Italian MAA意大利重骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士Broken Lances独立枪骑兵SE Bodyguard早期将领卫队SE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Knights Templar圣殿骑士Mounted Crossbowmen弩骑兵Carroccio Standard V军旗战车NE Ballista弩炮NE Ribault管炮NE Catapult投石车NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Mortar迫击炮NE Bombard攻城炮NE Culverin长管炮NE Monster Ribault怪兽管炮Sicily(西西里)Southern Peasants农民Italian Militia意大利民兵Sword and Buckler Men圆盾剑士Pike Militia长矛民兵Sergeant Spearmen长矛军士Italian Spear Militia意大利长矛民兵Armored Sergeants重装军士Halberd Militia长戟民兵Dismounted Italian MAA步行意大利重骑兵Dismounted Broken Lances步行独立枪骑兵Dismounted Norman Knights步行诺曼骑士S Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Pavise Crossbowmen巨盾弩兵Pavise Crossbow Militia巨盾持弩民兵Sicilian Muslim Archers穆斯林弓箭兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Mounted Sergeants骑马军士Italian Cavalry Militia意大利骑马民兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵SE Bodyguard早期将领卫队SE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Norman Knights诺曼骑士Knights Templar圣殿骑士Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Chivalric Knights侠义骑士Mounted Crossbowmen弩骑兵NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Ribault管炮NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Mortar迫击炮NE Bombard攻城炮NE Cannon加农炮Condottieri贡多铁里骑兵Milan(米兰)Peasants农民Italian Militia意大利民兵Pike Militia长矛民兵Sergeant Spearmen长矛军士Italian Spear Militia意大利长矛民兵Armored Sergeants重装军士Dismounted Italian MAA步行意大利重骑兵Dismounted Broken Lances步行独立枪骑兵Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Peasant Crossbowmen平民弩兵Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Musketeers滑膛枪兵Genoese Crossbow Militia热那亚巨盾弩兵Genoese Crossbowmen热那亚弩兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Mounted Sergeants骑马军士Italian Cavalry Militia意大利骑马民兵Italian MAA意大利重骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士Broken Lances独立枪骑兵SE Bodyguard早期将领卫队SE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Famiglia Ducale公爵亲卫骑士Knights Templar圣殿骑士Mounted Crossbowmen弩骑兵Carroccio Standard M军旗战车NE Ballista弩炮NE Ribault管炮NE Catapult投石车NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Bombard攻城炮NE Grand Bombard重型攻城炮NE Culverin长管炮NE Monster Ribault怪兽管炮Religious Fanatics宗教狂热团Scotland(苏格兰)Highland Rabble高地民团Town Militia城镇民兵Highlanders高地斧兵Scots Pike Militia苏格兰长矛民兵Highland Pikemen高地矛兵Spear Militia长矛民兵Heavy Pike Militia重装长矛民兵Noble Pikemen贵族矛兵Highland Nobles高地贵族剑士Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Noble Swordsmen贵族剑士Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵Highland Archers高地弓箭兵Noble Highland Archers高地贵族弓箭兵Border Horse巡逻骑兵Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士NE Bodyguard早期将领卫队NE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights Templar圣殿骑士Knights Hospitaller医院骑士NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Ribault管炮NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Mortar迫击炮NE Bombard攻城炮NE Culverin长管炮Galloglaich Mercs高地斧兵Byzantine Empire(拜占庭帝国) Southern Peasants农民SE Town Militia城镇民兵Byzantine Spearmen拜占庭矛兵SE Spear Militia长矛民兵Byzantine Infantry拜占庭剑士Dismounted Byzantine Lancers步行拜占庭枪骑兵Varangian Guard瓦兰吉卫队Dismounted Latinkon步行拉丁骑兵S Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵S Archer Militia弓箭民兵Trebizond Archers特拉比松弓箭兵Byzantine Guard Archers拜占庭禁卫弓箭兵Greek Militia Cavalry希腊骑马民兵Byzantine Lancers拜占庭枪骑兵Latinkon拉丁骑兵Kataphractoi铁甲圣骑兵Greek Bodyguard将领卫队Skythikon塞西亚弓骑兵Byzantine Cavalry拜占庭骑兵Vardariotai瓦达泰瑞弓骑兵GR Ballista弩炮GR Catapult投石车GR Trebuchet攻城秤车GR Bombard攻城炮Alan Light Cavalry阿兰轻骑兵Cuman Horse Archers库曼弓骑兵Russia(俄罗斯)EE Peasants农民Woodsmen森林斧兵EE Spear Militia长矛民兵EE Spearmen长矛兵Berdiche Axemen重斧兵Dismounted Druchima步行俄罗斯亲卫骑兵Dismounted Boyar Sons步行波耶骑兵EE Archer Militia弓箭民兵EE Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵EE Crossbow Militia持弩民兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Dismounted Dvor步行德沃弓骑兵Cossack Musketeers哥萨克滑膛枪兵EE Cavalry Militia东欧骑马民兵Druzhina俄罗斯亲卫骑兵EE Bodyguard早期将领卫队Tsars Guard沙皇卫队EE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Kazaks哈萨克弓骑兵Boyar Sons波耶骑兵Cossack Cavalry哥萨克骑兵Dvor Cavalry德沃亲卫弓骑兵EE Ballista弩炮EE Catapult投石车EE Trebuchet攻城秤车EE Bombard攻城炮EE Grand Bombard重型攻城炮EE Cannon加农炮EE Basilisk蜥炮Moors(摩斯)ME Peasants农民ME Town Militia城镇民兵ME Spear Militia长矛民兵Nubian Spearmen奴比亚矛兵Berber Spearmen柏柏尔矛兵Dismounted Arab Cavalry阿拉伯步行骑兵Dismounted Tuareg图雷格步行骆驼骑兵Lamtuna Spearmen雷姆图拉矛兵Urban Militia城市民兵Dismounted Christian Guard步行基督卫队Hashishim战场哈萨辛ME Crossbow Militia持弩民兵Sudanese Javelinmen苏丹标枪兵Desert Archers沙漠弓箭兵ME Peasant Crossbowmen平民弩兵Sudanese Gunners苏丹火绳枪兵ME Hand Gunners手炮兵Arab Cavalry阿拉伯骑兵Tuareg Camel Spearmens(骆驼近战兵) Granadine Lancers格兰纳答枪骑兵ME Bodyguard早期将领卫队Christian Guard基督卫队ME Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Desert Cavalry沙漠骑兵Granadine CB Cav格兰纳答弩骑兵Granadine Jinetes格兰纳答标枪骑兵Camel Gunners(骆驼火枪兵)ME Ballista弩炮ME Catapult投石车ME Trebuchet攻城秤车ME Bombard攻城炮ME Grand Bombard重型攻城炮ME Cannon加农炮Sudanese Tribesmen Mercs苏丹部落剑士Turks(土耳其)ME Peasants农民Azabs城镇警备兵ME Town Militia城镇民兵ME Spear Militia长矛民兵ME Halberd Militia长戟民兵Saracen Militia撒拉逊民兵Janissary Heavy Inf苏丹近卫戟兵Hashishim战场哈萨辛Dismounted Sipahi Lancers步行西帕希枪骑兵ME Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵Turkish Javelinmen土尔其标枪兵Naffatun那法掷油兵Turkish Archers土尔其弓箭兵Ottoman Infantry奥斯曼步兵Janissary Archers苏丹近卫弓箭兵Janissary Musketeers苏丹近卫滑膛枪兵ME Hand Gunners手炮兵Sipahi Lancers西帕希枪骑兵ME Bodyguard早期将领卫队ME Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Quapukulu土尔其宫廷卫队Turkish Horse Archers土尔其弓骑兵Turkomans土库曼弓骑兵Sipahis西帕希弓骑兵ME Ballista弩炮ME Catapult投石车ME Trebuchet攻城秤车ME Bombard攻城炮ME Grand Bombard重型攻城炮ME Cannon加农炮ME Monster Bombard怪兽巨炮Armenian Archers亚美尼亚弓箭兵Afghan Javelinmen Mercs阿富汗标枪兵Alan Light Cavalry阿兰轻骑兵Kwarizmian Cavalry花剌子模重骑兵Armenian Cavalry亚美尼亚重骑兵Egypt(埃及)ME Peasants农民ME Spear Militia长矛民兵Nubian Spearmen奴比亚矛兵Dismounted Arab Cavalry阿拉伯步行骑兵Saracen Militia撒拉逊民兵Tabardariyya苏丹近卫军ME Halberd Militia长戟民兵Hashishim战场哈萨辛ME Peasant Archers平民弓箭兵ME Archer Militia弓箭民兵Naffatun那法掷油兵Desert Archers沙漠弓箭兵Kurdish Javelinmen库尔德标枪兵Nubian Archers奴比亚弓箭兵Sudanese Gunners苏丹火绳枪兵Arab Cavalry阿拉伯骑兵Mamluks马穆留克重骑兵ME Bodyguard早期将领卫队Royal Mamluks马穆留克近卫骑兵ME Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Desert Cavalry沙漠骑兵Mamluk Archers马穆留克弓骑兵ME Ballista弩炮ME Catapult投石车ME Trebuchet攻城秤车ME Bombard攻城炮ME Grand Bombard重型攻城炮ME Cannon加农炮Sudanese Tribesmen Mercs苏丹部落剑士Kwarizmian Cavalry花剌子模重骑兵Bedouin Camel Riders(拿弓的骆驼兵)Denmark(丹麦)Peasants农民Town Militia城镇民兵Viking Raiders维京突袭者Spear Militia早期长矛民兵Norse Swordsmen北欧剑士Swordstaff Militia剑矛民兵Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Dismounted Chivalric Knights步行侠义骑士Dismounted Huscarls步行战斧骑兵Norse Axemen北欧斧兵Obudshaer奥伯德夏戟兵Crossbow Militia持弩民兵Peasant Archers平民弓箭手Crossbowmen弩兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Norse Archers北欧弓箭兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Scouts斥候骑兵Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑兵Huscarls北欧战斧骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士Armored Clergy北欧战地教团NE Bodyguard早期将领卫队NE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Knights Templar圣殿骑士Chivalric Knights侠义骑士Mounted Crossbowmen弩骑兵NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Ribault管炮NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Bombard攻城炮NE Serpentine蛇炮NE Cannon加农炮Portugal(葡萄牙)Peasants农民Town Militia城镇民兵Swordsmen Militia民兵剑士Pike Militia长矛民兵Spear Militia早期长矛民兵Aventuros冒险者矛兵Dismounted Portuguese Knights步行葡萄牙骑士Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Dismounted Conquistadores征服者步兵Peasant Archers平民弓箭手Peasant Crossbowmen平民弩兵Crossbow Militia持弩民兵Lusitanian Javelinmen努西塔尼亚标枪兵Pavise Crossbowmen巨盾弩兵Musketeers滑膛枪兵Almughavars阿拉贡突袭兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Portuguese Arquebusiers葡萄牙火绳枪兵Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Portuguese Knights葡萄牙骑士Feudal Knights封建骑士SE Bodyguard早期将领卫队SE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Conquistadores征服者骑兵Knights of Santiago圣地亚哥骑士Mounted Crossbowmen弩骑兵Jinetes标枪骑兵NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Ribault管炮NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Bombard攻城炮NE Grand Bombard重型攻城炮NE Culverin长管炮NE Basilisk蜥炮Poland(波兰)EE Peasants农民EE Town Militia城镇民兵Woodsmen森林斧兵EE Spear Militia长矛民兵Dismounted Polish Nobles步行波兰贵族骑兵Halberd Militia长戟民兵Dismounted Polish Knights步行波兰骑士EE Spearmen长矛兵EE Peasant Archers平民弓箭手EE Crossbow Militia持弩民兵Dismounted Lithuanian Cavalry立陶宛步行骑兵Lithuanian Archers立陶宛弓箭兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Hussars胡萨尔轻骑兵Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑马民兵Polish Retainers波兰扈从骑兵NE Bodyguard早期将领卫队Polish Knights波兰骑士Polish Guard波兰卫队NE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights Templar圣殿骑士Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Lithuanian Cavalry立陶宛骑兵Polish Shooters波兰弩骑兵Polish Nobles波兰贵族骑兵EE Ballista弩炮EE Catapult投石车EE Ribault管炮EE Trebuchet攻城秤车EE Bombard攻城炮EE Serpentine蛇炮EE Cannon加农炮Slav Mercenaries雇佣斯拉夫矛兵Hungary(匈牙利)EE Peasants农民EE Town Militia城镇民兵Slav Levies斯拉夫矛兵Croat Axemen克罗地亚斧兵Transilvanian Peasants特兰西瓦尼亚农民EE Spear Militia长矛民兵Battlefield Assassins战场刺客Halberd Militia长戟民兵Pavise Spearmen巨盾矛兵Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Dismounted E Chivalric Knights步行东方侠义骑士S Peasant Archers平民弓箭手Bosnian Archers波斯尼亚弓箭手Crossbowmen弩兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Pavise Crossbow Militia巨盾持弩民兵Hussars胡萨尔轻骑兵Merchant Cavalry Militia商队骑马民兵Feudal Knights封建骑士Royal Banderium男爵亲卫骑兵NE Bodyguard早期将领卫队NE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队E Chivalric Knights东方侠义骑士Knights Templar圣殿骑士Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Magyar Cavalry马扎尔骑兵Hungarian Nobles匈牙利贵族骑兵EE Ballista弩炮EE Catapult投石车EE Ribault管炮EE Trebuchet攻城秤车EE Bombard攻城炮EE Serpentine蛇炮EE Basilisk蜥炮The Papal State(教皇国)Peasants农民Italian Militia意大利民兵Pike Militia长矛民兵Sergeant Spearmen长矛军士Italian Spear Militia意大利长矛民兵Armored Sergeants重装军士Papal Guard教皇卫队Halberd Militia长戟民兵Dismounted Italian MAA(Dismounted Men at Arms)步行意大利重骑兵Dismounted Broken Lances步行独立枪骑兵Dismounted Feudal Knights步行封建骑士Swiss Guard瑞士卫队Peasant Archers平民弓箭手Peasant Crossbowmen平民弩兵Arquebusiers火绳枪兵Pavise Crossbow Militia巨盾持弩民兵Pavise Crossbowmen巨盾弩兵Hand Gunners手炮兵Mounted Sergeants骑马军士Italian Cavalry Militia意大利骑马民兵Italian MAA意大利重骑兵Mailed Knights链甲骑兵Feudal Knights封建骑士Broken Lances独立枪骑兵SE Bodyguard早期将领卫队SE Late Bodyguard晚期将领卫队Knights Hospitaller医院骑士Knights Templar圣殿骑士Mounted Crossbowmen弩骑兵NE Ballista弩炮NE Catapult投石车NE Ribault管炮NE Trebuchet攻城秤车NE Mortar迫击炮NE Bombard攻城炮NE Culverin长管炮Religious Fanatics宗教狂热团Great Cross十字战车Aztecs(阿芝特克)Aztec Peasants阿芝特克农民Aztec Warriors阿芝特克棍兵Eagle Warriors雄鹰战士Coyote Priests土狼祭师Jaguar Warriors猛虎战士Aztec Bodyguard阿芝特克将领卫队Aztec Spearmen阿芝特克矛兵Cuahchiqueh阿芝特克狂战士Aztec Spear Throwers阿芝特克掷矛兵Aztec Archers阿芝特克弓箭手Arrow Warriors阿芝特克巨弩兵Mongals(蒙古)ME Peasants农民ME Town Militia城镇民兵ME Spear Militia长矛民兵ME Levy Spearmen征召矛兵Dismounted Light Lancers步行轻枪骑兵Dismounted Heavy Lancers步行重装枪骑兵ME Peasant Archers平民弓箭手Mongol Foot Archers蒙古弓箭手Naffatun那法掷油兵Dismounted Archers步行弓骑兵Mongol Infantry蒙古步兵Dismounted Heavy Archers步行重装弓骑兵Mongol Light Lancers蒙古轻骑兵Mongol Heavy Lancers蒙古重装枪骑兵Mongol Bodyguard蒙古早期将领卫队Khan's Guard(Khan's Guard)可汗卫队Mongol Horse Archers蒙古弓骑兵Mongol Heavy Archers蒙古重装弓骑兵AS Ballista弩炮AS Catapult投石车AS Trebuchet攻城秤车AS Bombard攻城炮AS Rocket Launcher火箭炮车Kwarizmian Cavalry花剌子模重骑兵Timurids(铁木儿)ME Peasants农民ME Town Militia城镇民兵ME Spear Militia长矛民兵ME Halberd Militia长戟民兵Dismounted Heavy Lancers步行重装枪骑兵ME Peasant Archers平民弓箭手Naffatun那法掷油兵Turkish Archers土尔其弓箭手Afghan Javelinmen阿富汗标枪兵Dismounted Heavy Archers步行重装弓骑兵Sabadar Militia萨巴达民兵ME Hand Gunners手炮兵Mongol Heavy Lancers蒙古重装枪骑兵Mongol Bodyguard蒙古早期将领卫队Khan's Guard(Khan's Guard)可汗卫队Elephants(近战象兵)Elephant Artillery(大砲象兵)Turkish Horse Archers土尔其弓骑兵Turkomans土库曼弓骑兵Mongol Heavy Archers蒙古重装弓骑兵AS Ballista弩炮AS Catapult投石车AS Trebuchet攻城秤车AS Bombard攻城炮AS Grand Bombard重型攻城炮AS Cannon加农炮AS Rocket Launcher火箭炮车AS Monster Bombard巨炮（强力推荐）Kwarizmian Cavalry花剌子模重骑兵。
中世纪骑士与封建制度
中世纪骑士与封建制度在中世纪的欧洲，骑士是一种非常特殊而且重要的存在。
他们拥有高贵的身份和特殊的职责，同时也承担着保护国家和领主的责任。
而骑士这一制度与当时的封建制度相互交织在一起，共同构成了中世纪社会的基础。
1. 骑士的起源骑士这一名字来源于拉丁语“eques”，意为骑马的人。
在中世纪早期，骑士通常是自愿参加战斗，为了维护自己的家园和领主的利益而战斗。
他们通常具有出色的战斗技能和高尚的品德，被认为是战场上的精英。
2. 骑士的义务作为一个骑士，他们有着一系列的责任和义务。
首先，骑士必须效忠于自己的领主，并为他们服务。
其次，骑士需要保护弱小和无辜的人民，维护社会的和平与秩序。
此外，骑士还需要参加各种战斗和巡逻，保护国家的疆土安全。
3. 骑士的特权作为中世纪社会的精英，骑士们享有许多特权和荣誉。
他们拥有土地和领地，可以从中获取收入和财富。
此外，骑士还有权参加政治决策和议会讨论，为自己和自己的家族谋取更多的利益。
4. 封建制度封建制度是中世纪欧洲社会的基本组织形式，它建立在土地所有权和主仆关系之上。
封建制度将土地所有权分割成多个领地，由封建主对其进行管理和保护，而作为封臣的骑士则需要效忠于封建主，为其提供帮助和服务。
总结中世纪的骑士与封建制度紧密相连，共同构成了当时社会的主要特征。
骑士作为封建主仆关系中的一员，承担着保护和服务的责任，同时也享有一定的特权和荣誉。
他们的存在丰富多彩，为中世纪的欧洲社会注入了活力和动力。
中世纪的骑士和封建制度虽已随着时代的变迁而消逝，但其影响力和历史意义在当今仍然不可忽视。
中世纪骑士介绍
骑士：1、骑士简介（before we go any farther）对于中世纪骑士的传说The tale of the medieval knight :1. 夸大着种种浪漫的遐想exaggerate the variety of romantic daydream.2. 居住在古色古香的城堡中，过着贵族一般富足的生活；living in antique castle, lived a noble general rich life,3. 战胜邪恶的魔法师和巨人，保护善良但是无知的农民Defeat evil wizard and giant, protect kind but ignorance of farmers.(这多半来自我们对现状的不满和凭空想象It mainly comes from our present situation of discontent and imaginary)2、骑士成长历程Knight growth process——幼年、青年、中年、受封Rise a knight0——7——14——21出生于中古时代欧洲的贵族家庭Born in medieval European noble family（nobility、Noble origin、blue blood、high blood）----7岁离开住处贵族家族，开始学习成为骑士的必备知识Seven years later, really step knight's path .Start learning become knights knowledge necessary ----14岁起担任贵族的贴身随从（squire）侍从（squire)来源于法语的ecuyer,意思是shield-bearer(搬运盾牌的人）,各种宗教知识和礼仪Various religious knowledge and etiquette ----直到21岁长大成人Until 21 years old become an adults.Special ceremony---- Dubbing: bath and prayers+ sealing ceremonyBefore the ceremony, Purify themselves, then wear white clothes and red robe. White said their clean, red said they were ready to fight for the honor.----One day does not eat, with a sword in the shield praying to god, pray before includes ask god to forgive their guilt----the master flat his sword, and press the right shoulder in squire，use sword back lightly touch its shoulder three times, and gave him his blessing. So then complete by sealing ceremony, squire officially become knights. 3、骑士比赛、精神Knight competitions, spiritIn the middle ages, knight should combat for lords and king,some days they still need to participate in some competitive activities. These competitive activity has a unique name and rules:Sword----long spear----joust----tournament champion骑士的八大精神：Knight's eight spirits谦卑humility、荣誉honors、英勇brave、牺牲sacrifice、怜悯mercy、灵性spirituality、诚实honest、公正fair骑士宣言：Knight declarationI will be brave against the strong. ——我将勇敢地面对强敌I will fight all who do wrong. ——我将毫无保留地对抗罪人I will fight for those who cannot fight. ——我将为不能战斗者而战I will help those who call me for help. ——我将帮助那些需要我帮助的人I will harm no woman. ——我将不伤害妇孺I will help my brother knight. ——我将帮助我的骑士兄弟I will be true to my friends. ——我将忠实地对待朋友I will be faithful in love.——我将真诚地对待爱情4、骑士装备Knight equipment、纹章coat of arms勋章medals①shield纹章流传下来的足足有一百万种Survived fully has one million不管贵族或者贫民都可以拥有纹章Whatever nobleman or poor can have heraldry纹章管理局administration作为在混战中以及在早期比武时辨认的符号，从而引发了纹章的发展和流行Sparked crest development and popular，can be used to identify enemy②armor③Sword5、骑士爱情骑士在爱情故事中常为守护公主的却与公主没有结局的勇士The knight love story often as the warriors guardian princess，But with the princess no endings中世纪骑士的爱情观也有其独特之处，与现代人的观念并不相容，可说是独树一帜。
中世纪骑士
骑士制度产生于中世纪欧洲的上层社会。 骑士制度不是英国本土的 产物，它最早发祥于8世纪的法兰克王国。 骑士制度的产生是由于多种因素的促发,即往昔的历史积淀同彼时的 社会现实对接,催生出军事采邑这一赋予骑士阶层以政治权力的经济载 体,经过基督教思想在精神上的塑造,骑士制度得以确立。 骑士制度是指中世纪西欧以土地分封为基础、以骑兵服役为纽带、以 中小封建贵族统治为本质、以基督教思想为指导的骑士阶层所特有的组 织、法规、道德及习惯的总称。狭义上,它是一种军事制度;广义上,它 既是一种制度,又是一种观念。
战争就是骑士的职业。从幼年时代开始，他就被养育成为专门适应战争 的人。他接受教育的全部目的就是为了强健体魄和巩固信仰。他的学校就 是军队前哨站里的守卫室，他的家园就是永远处在外敌进攻之下的城堡。 骑士的培养是一个十分漫长的历程：出生时便实行洗礼，由乳母养到7岁， 不可和家人同住。7岁后，离开住处到一个贵族家族（一般高于自己的家庭 地位） ，开始学习成为骑士的必备知识，涉及军事、宗教、礼仪等。14岁 起担任贵族的贴身随从，从中学习经验知识，直到21岁长大成人。 训练一个男孩成为骑士需时14年。在这段期间，受训的男孩最初要跟随 领主夫人担任侍童，学习礼仪；之后要学习“骑士七艺”：游泳、投枪、 击剑、骑术、狩猎、弈棋、诗歌），又要为领主或负责训练他的骑士工作。 成为骑士后，他要遵行“侠义精神”，例如效忠国王或领主、保护教会和 妇孺、锄强扶弱以及奋勇作战等。
法国
奥地利
意大利
英国
Knight system is rooted in the superstratum society of midcentury Europe.England was not the cradle of Chivalry. It originated from France in 8th century.
gentleman这个级别在中世纪的英国属于什么等级？
gentleman这个级别在中世纪的英国属于什么等级？展开全文ttll：gentleman这个级别在中世纪的英国算是什么等级的贵族？是由贵族家族不断分封分出来的最后一个环节，还是是骑士的一种称呼，还是比起骑士还要低一等有土地但是没爵位的贵族呢？莫德里德：不是贵族，连骑士（爵士）都不是贵族，乡绅只是平民的一种身份而已。
而且在中世纪乡绅不多。
弗容也大：不是贵族。
Gentleman本来是对地方乡贤的称呼。
这些人是乡绅gentry、没能获封骑士的侍从squire，本质上是富裕发家的自耕农、地主阶层。
16世纪后英国骑士阶层基本上丧失军事功能，只残留有中世纪的地方管理/司法代表属性，随着乡绅阶层和地方自治的发展，乡绅和骑士在地方上逐渐合流，因为议会改革，政治地位也逐步提高，gentleman这个称呼于是就延伸到更上级的阶层了。
但即便是近代你把一个有爵位老派的贵族称呼为gentleman而不是lord，仍然会被当成是冒犯。
ttll：所以社会变化把sir和gentleman变成最大尊称，领主的lord反而不怎么被提起。
弗容也大：不是最大尊称（lord\highness\majesty这些等级尊称仍然在使用），而是通用尊称。
这一方面是从中世纪平民中崛起的地主阶层影响，另一方面也是欧洲近现代社会文化平民化的影响（至少表面是）。
军队中用sir还有近代常备军成员成分的影响。
虽然严格来说，英军直到很晚都还是一只封建结构的军队，但真正堪用的军事机器在中世纪末期就已经从封建/公民兵混合军队转化成雇佣军了，到亨利十八的时代进一步成为常备军。
在雇佣/常备军里，成员基本是低出身的官兵，很少有除荣誉挂名之外的贵族，只有军官可能是骑士身份，所以用骑士的称号Sir作为尊称了。
mars：这里的squire不能翻译成骑士的侍从, 在英国squire指的是一个社会阶层，他们相当于我国以前那种家有几百亩良田，在县城里有两家商号的那种人, 他们虽然没有爵位，但对地方上的事物有很大发言权，我们不妨将其翻译成乡绅。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2.
III. How was a person received into the knighthood
Noble birth and experienced Before the dubbing ceremony: make confession pray fast keep vigil The dubbing ceremony: day selection girding of the sword giving of palm After the dubbing ceremony: riding around town
II. How did those knights make a living?
1. The nobility granted land to their warriors of their service. The knights returned with military services to their lords.
Knighthood, Chivalry, & Tournaments
Andrea Wu Charlene Chen Grace Huang
I. The rise of the chivalry.
A. Chivalry was originated in two parallel developments: 1. Hose- mounted cavalry. 2. Feudalism
The Social Meaning of Tournament
1. Kings and landowners hold tournaments to show off their power and wealth. 2. The one who is caught in a tournament has to pay ransom. (usually his horse, armor,and money) That is one way for knights to collect wealth. 3. Winning the tournament means great honor and higher social position for knights 4. Lots of knights will announce their victories are for their ladies.
Sources:
Brantl, Ruth, ed. Medieval Culture. New York:
George Braziller, 1998. Evan, Joan, ed. The Flowering of the Middle Ages. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1998. Gies, Frances, and Joseph Gies. Daily Life in Medieval Times. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal, 1999 Hay, Denys. The Medieval Centuries. London: Methuen, 1967.
V.
A. B.
Chivalry
Courtly love. The decline of chivalry.
VI. Tournament
The Inventor: Geoffroy de Preuilly
Comparison
Original tournament Time: 11th Century Purpose: Military use Original Rule: Kill the opponent New style tournament Time: 13th century Purpose: 1. Military exercise 2. Entertainment 3. Social Occasion New Rule: Capture the opponent
IV. The Arming of a Knight
Sword: cross Spear: truth Spurs: diligence and swiftness Helmet: shamefastness (humility) Hauberk (armor): castle against evil Leg harness: hold strong to the ground
The Kinds of Tournament
Joust and sword are the main kinds of tournament. Joust---usually on horseback, and the weapon is the lance.
Note: Before1250s, there were no certain rules about the weapons used in tournament; lots of knights were killed by the sharp weapon. Prince Edward tried to regulate the rules on weapons to decrease the risk. After that, the weapons used in tournaments are blunted.