xcx 14-pun双关语
pun英语双关
郭淑珍 李丽芳 林晓裕 刘家欢 谭月明 王强兵
钟琼珊
Boyfriend: What is your favorite music group? Girlfriend: I love U2! Boyfriend: I love you too, but what is your favorite music group?
Teacher asked:” Who is the speaker of the House?” Kid: ”Mother.” 老师问的是House是议会的简称，the speaker of the House指议长，而孩子却把它当做“家庭”来理解， 就成一家之主了。
1、修辞功能
1) 增添语言的幽默感 When the college girl announced that she weighed 146 pounds stripped for gym, her anxious father wanted to know who Jim is.
语义双关: 利用词语的多义构成双关。
I finally figured out how government works. The Senate gets the bill from the House, the president gets the bill from the Senate, and we get the bill for everything. 前面两个bill均指提案，第三个bill指账单，由bill的双重意 义构成双关，进行揭露讽刺：他们在官场无事生非，我 们承担一切费用。
Do you know the funny thing in the conversation?
Pun 的含义:
英语的两种修饰法：矛盾修饰法矛盾修饰法跟PUN(双关语)
矛盾修饰法矛盾修饰法(Oxymoron)矛盾修饰法矛盾修饰法(Oxymoron)是将两个互相矛盾，互不调和，的词放在同一个短语中，产生特殊的深刻含义的一种修辞手段。
用它来状物写景，能突出事物的实质；用它来描绘人物，能使其更加鲜明；用它来表达复杂的思想感情或意味深长的哲理，能使其更强烈，更深刻。
它是一种紧缩隽语。
矛盾修饰法是将两个意思截然不同的词放在一起，结合成一个词组，而对语是通过平行结构引起两个概念的对比。
矛盾修饰法：从哲学上讲，是对立的统一；从艺术上讲，更能体现出描写主体的个性化，更具渲染力。
例如：1.a clever fool聪明的傻瓜2.a victorious defeat胜利的失败3.cruel kindness残酷的仁慈4.expressionless expression毫无表情的表情5.sick health憔悴的健康6.a living death行尸走肉7.with careful carelessness小心翼翼又漫不经心地8.bright and dark既光彩夺目，又朦胧黑暗9.dove-feather’d raven披着白鸽羽毛的乌鸦10.with her disagreeably pleasant laugh（她）自鸣得意却令人讨厌地笑起来11.an honorable villain体面的恶棍12.There was an audible stillness, in which the common voice sounded strange.(from Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser)这时是一片听得见的寂静，连人声听起来都是异样的。
(选自美国作家西奥多•德莱塞的长篇小说《嘉莉妹妹》)(作者用audible来修饰stillness，匠心独具地从反面烘托环境，使人耳目一新，过目难忘。
矛盾的对立面取得了高度的一致，形成了完美的统一。
浅谈英语双关
浅谈英语双关姓名：陈晓如学号：09班级：外语系09级师范五班浅谈英语双关语On English Pun摘要：双关语就是通常说的文字游戏，是一种非常有效的表达幽默，进行批评的方法。
无论是文学大师，还是市井百姓，都对双关爱不释手。
它是英语中将大量同形或近形异义词、同音或近音异义词，巧妙地融合在语境中，自然地涉及词语的表层和深层意义。
它利用其特有的本质特点，故意造成歧义，来达到言在此而意在彼的艺术效果。
本文通过一些例子分析了英语双关语的含义、分类、修辞功能与应用，旨在领悟英语双关修辞的魅力，以便在今后的英语学习中与生活中更深刻地理解并有效的运用英语双关语。
关键词：双关语；语音双关；语义双关；修辞功能Abstract：Pun is an effective way to express humor and to make criticismwhich we usually called paronomasia. Literal master and ordinary person all fondle it admiringly. It has merged lots of homograph or nearly form objection words or homonym or nearly sound objection words together with the context, touched to the surface and inner meaning naturally. It takes advantage of its distinctive features in nature and tries to produce ambiguity on purpose in order to get the effect of aiming at a pigeon and shooting at a crow. This thesis has analyzed about the definition、classification、rhetoric function and use of pun by some examples. It is aimed at appreciate pun so we can have a deeper understanding and perfect commanding of pun in the future.Key words：pun、phonological pun、semantic pun grammatical pun 、rhetoric function引言：英语修辞格Pun，也被称为paronomasia。
美国情景喜剧老友记中双关语的妙用
科技信息SCIENCE &TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION 2010年第21期1双关语的定义英语语言中有一种常见的修辞，叫双关语，英文是pun,又称paronomasia,利用谐音，或者一词多义，或者特定的情景，带出两层或两层以上的含义，或者联想。
Oxford English Dictionary （1989：832）对pun 的定义是：“the use ofa word in such a way as to suggest two or more meanings or different associations,or the use of two or more words of the same or nearly the same sound with different meanings,so as to produce a humorous effect.”Webster ’s Third New International Dictionary （1981：1842）的解释是：“the humorous of a word in such a way as to suggest different meanings or applications or of words having the same or nearly the same sound but different meanings:a play on words.”从这些定义，我们可以看出双关语是a play on words （文字游戏），不是利用发音相似或相同的词汇，甚至是具有两个或多个含义的同一个词汇，或者句子，表达出两个或以上的含义，达到委婉含蓄，诙谐幽默的效果，这样，让听的人觉得既生动有趣，又点到为止，心领神会，十分有趣。
简单来说，双关语，言在此而意在彼。
所以，双关语无论是在文学作品，影视作品，广告，日常的生活场景中都得到广泛的应用。
双关与pun的对比
Ｗａｌｋｅｒ的遗产；二指她继承了祖传的撒谎本领；
Ｂｅｎｊａｍｉｎ Ｆｒａｎｋｌｉｎ（你的论点响当当，除声音响亮之
三指她的钩鼻子；四指她特殊的习惯——说话时
总是钩起手指点着自己的鼻子。此处的“Ｈｏｏｋ— ｅｙ”是狄更斯运用ｐｕｎ的一个精彩例子，一词四 关。可见，这里的ｐｕｎ与汉语中的“双关”是不对 应的。 二、分类对比 国内的修辞学者一直把双关分为两种：谐音 双关和语义双关。谐音双关是利用音同或音近的 条件使词语或句子语义双关。例如：
ｏｒ
ｏｆ
ｍｏｒｅ ｗｏｒｄｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓａｍｅ
ｎｅａｒｌｙ ｔｈｅ
ａｓｔｏ
ｓａｍｅ ｓｏｕｎｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｍｅａｎｉｎｇｓ，ＳＯ
ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ
ａ
ｈｕｍｏｒｏｕｓ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ．”（用一个词去暗示两
种或两种以上的意义或引起不同的联想，或者用 两个或两个以上发音相同或相近而又意义不同的 词，以产生一种幽默效果。） 汉语的“双关”在语言结构上表现为双指，在 语义上表现为双重性，即具有词汇意义和情境意 义，但后者才是双关的重点。修辞者希望传达的 是隐藏在词汇意义下的情景意义。但不管从“双 关”的命名，还是从它的缘起来看，“双关”都是“双 重含义”或“关涉两种事物”［１］（ｐ１０¨。在这一点
（７）第二天，又上课了。几个相当用功的学生兴 冲冲的给老师送上了几个答题的卷子。一…・ “你们算了！”老师笑着说，“算了！算了！” “我们算了。算了。我们算出来了！”（徐迟《哥德
巴赫猜想》）
ｗｅｉｇｈｔ”字面上是“扛重物”，同时又喻
指“挑起生活重担”，所以也是双关型隐喻。 可见，比喻也是英、汉语构成双关的重要手段 之一，这种“双关型隐喻”多见于文学作品。 （二）汉语特有的双关手段 １、彼此双关 彼此双关是汉语自己独特的双关形式。它的 音、形、意三者都是一致的，只是借此事说彼事而 已。例如：
英语语义双关的例子
英语语义双关的例子篇一：有趣的英语双关语punspuns例句：1.onsundaytheyprayforyouandonmondaypreyonyou.星期天他们为你祈祷，星期一他们却向你榨取。
2.sevendayswithoutwatermakesoneweak(week).七天不喝水，虚的拉不动腿。
homonyms['h?m?nims]：whyisanemptypursealwaysthesame? becausethereisneveranychangeinit.钱包为什么老是瘪的？因为它里面从来就没有零钱。
polysemy[,p?li'si:mi,p?'lis?mi,'p?lisi:mi] weeatwhatwecanandwhatwecan’twecan.我们能吃的就吃，不能吃的就做成罐头。
Asteismus岐解双关（asteismus)即后者在回答前者的话时有意（无意）地曲解原意，造成不同理解，进而形成岐解双关。
1.Aprofessortappedonhisdeskandshouted:“gentlemen,order!”Theentireclassyelled“beer!”一位教授敲着桌子喊道：“先生们，安静！”全班同学异口同声地喊“啤酒”。
双关语的语义范围双关语为世界各国人民所喜爱和使用。
在汉语中，双关语的例证比比皆是。
双关语既可用于故事、笑话、谜语、儿歌等，又可以用于正式场合，表达严肃的思想和深邃的感情。
（一）广告giveyourhairatouchofspring.给你的头发洒满春色,让你的头发富有弹性。
（二）笑话what’sthedifferencebetweenasoldierandayounggirl? onepowderstheface,theotherfacesthepowder.一个士兵和一个年轻姑娘的区别是什么？一个往脸上抹粉，一个面对火药。
Pun-双关PPT课件
Definition：
The use of a word in such a way as to suggest two or more meanings or different association , or the use of two or more words of the same or nearly the same sound with different meanings , so as to produce a humorous effect . (Oxford English Dictionary )
see → sea Long time no see 是朋友之间见面时的问候语,意为“好久
不见”。在这则小幽默中, 这位男士利用sea 与see 的读音 相同构成谐音双关,既巧妙地回答了女侍者的问题,“Long time no sea”即这条鱼离开大海很久了,已经不新鲜了;又含 蓄地指责了这家饭店对顾客不负责的态度。
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Examples:
3.On Sunday they pray for you and on Monday prey on you.
星期天他们为你祈祷，星期一他们却向你榨取。 该句巧借pray(祈祷)和prey(掠夺)谐音构成双关，讽刺
了西方一些人貌似虔诚信教，实则掠夺他人的丑恶灵 魂。 4.Seven days without water makes one weak (week). 七天不喝水，虚的拉不动腿。
用一个词去暗示两种或两种以上的意义或引起不同的联想,或 者用两个或两个以上发音相同或相近而意义不同的词,以产生 一种幽默效果。 在此而意在彼，这种修辞手法叫做双 关。
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The major types of pun
pun英语双关语例子
pun英语双关语例子English puns are a delightful way to play with language, often using homophones or similar-sounding words to create a humorous effect.For instance, "She told me I was average, but I was below par." This pun uses "average" and "below par" to imply that the speaker's performance was not up to standard, while also referencing a golf term.Another example is, "I used to be a baker, but I couldn't make enough dough." Here, "dough" is used in two senses: the money earned and the bread mixture.Consider this one too: "I'm reading a book on anti-gravity. It's impossible to put down." The pun on "put down" suggests both the act of physically lowering a book and the idea of the book being so engaging that it's hard to stop reading.And here's a classic: "I used to be a teacher, but my class was cancelled." The word "class" is a double entendre, referring to both the group of students and the quality of the situation."I'm on a seafood diet. I see food and I eat it." This pun plays on the words "seafood" and "I see food," humorously suggesting a lack of self-control around food."I told my wife she was drawing her eyebrows too high. She looked surprised." Here, "drawing her eyebrows too high" is a pun on the phrase "raising eyebrows," which is used to express surprise.Lastly, "I used to be a sign maker, but I got the sack." The pun on "sack" refers to both a container for carrying items and being fired from a job, creating a humorous twist.。
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Homophonic pun
+4. The sun’s rays meet. +5. Many a blonde dyes by her own hand. +6. When a woman complained to a butcher that these sausages tasted like meat at one end but like bread crumb at the other, he replied, “Madam, in times like these, no butcher can make both ends meet.”
Exercises
①
1.
2. 3.
Ask me tomorrow and you shall find a grave man. Drunk drivers often put the quart before the hearse. “Could I try on the trousers in the window?” asked the customer in the man’s shop. “You can if you want, sir,” replied the salesman, “but we do have a dressing room.”
Pun
双关语
Definition
“It is a figure of speech which involves the use of a word with more than one meaning, or the use of two or more words with the same or similar sound but different meanings.”
Homonymic pun
+4. If we don’t hand together we’ll hang separately. +5. An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country. +6. What is the difference between a soldier and a young girl? One powders the face, the other faces the powder.
The whole point of a pun is the user’s intent to produce a humorous or witty effect from the juxtaposition of meanings.
Homonyms, homophones and homographs are commonly used to construct puns.
Pun in riddles
(5) Why is a crow a brave bird? —Because it never shows a white feather. (6) Why is dough like the sun? —When it rises it is light. (7) Why are the Middle Ages called the Dark Ages? —Because there were so many knights then.源自Pun in riddles
Easy. He rubbed his hands together until they were sore. He took the saw and cut the table in half. Two halves make a whole. He climbed through the hole and shouted until he was hoarse. Then he jumped on the horse and rode away.
②
4. If you had two wires, and you took one away, what would you have? —A wireless.
Homework: Try to find more puns, or riddles with puns.
Homophone a. write—[rait] v. form or mark symbols b. rite—[rait] n. a religious observance c. right—[rait] adj. just, morally good
Homographs
A homograph is a word that is identical to another word in spelling but not in pronunciation and meaning.
b. lie—[lai] v. to have one’s body in a more or less horizontal position along ground or surface
Homophones
A homophone is a word that is identical to another in pronunciation but not in spelling and meaning.
Homonyms
A homonym is a word that is identical to another word in pronunciation and spelling but not in meaning.
Homonyms
a. lie—[lai] n. & v. (to make) an intentional false statement
Homograph
a. wind—[wind] n. air in a more os less rapid natural motion
b. wind—[waind] v. go in circular and spiral course
Homonymic pun
1. My doctor says one million people are overweight. Those, of course, are round figures. 2. I can’t be any graver until you find me a grave man. 3. He preferred to take to his legs rather than to lay down his arms.
Homonymic pun
+7. A man sits down at a table in a restaurant and asks, “Do you serve crabs here?” the waiter says, “Sure, sit down, we serve anybody.”
Homophonic pun
+7. “Waiter, there’s a hair in my soup.” “So sorry, sir. Did you order it without?”
Pun in riddles
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Why is a river rich? Why is every book like tree in summer? What starts with T, ends with T, and is full of T? How do you keep cook at a football game? —Sit next to a fan.
Homophonic pun
1. Seven days without water makes one weak. 2.On Sunday they pray for and on Monday they prey on you. 3. What flower can be found between the nose and the chin? —Tulips.
Pun in riddles
There was once a man who was imprisoned in a cell. All around him were four solid walls. There was a solid floor and a solid ceiling, no windows, and no doors. The only thins in the room was a wooden table. How did he get out?