Unit 7 Beauty 译文
最新新编英语教程6-U7-Beauty-中英翻译
BeautySusan SontagFor the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were assumed to be what we now have to call lamely, enviously whole persons. If it did occur to the Greeks to distinguish between a person’s “inside” and “outside”, they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quite paradoxical that their hero was so intelligent, so brave, so honorable, so seductive and so ugly. One of Socrates main pedagogical acts was to be ugly and teach those innocent, no doubt splendid-looking disciples of his how full of paradoxes life really was.They may hav e resisted Socrates’ lessons. We do not. Several thousand years later, we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty. We not only split off with the greatest facility-the “inside” (character, intellect) from the “outside” (looks): but we are actually surp rised when someone who is beautiful is also intelligent, talent and good.It was principally the influence of Christianity that deprived beauty of the central place it had in classical ideals of human excellence (virtus in latin) to moral virtue only, Christianity set beauty adrift-as an alienated, arbitrary, superficial enchantment. And beauty has continued to lose prestige. For close to two centuries it has become a convention to attribute beauty to only one of the two sexes: the sex which, however Fair, is always Second. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.A beautiful woman, we say in English. But a handsome man. “Handsome” is the masculine equivalentof-and refusal of-a compliment which has accumulate certain demeaning overtones, by being resolved women only. That one can call a man in French and in Italian suggests that catholic countries, unlike those countries shaped by the Protestant version of Christianity, still retain some vestiges of the pagan admiration for beauty. But the differences, if one exists, is of degrees only. In every modern country that is Christian or post-Christian, women are the beautiful sex to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women.To be called beautiful is th ought to name something essential to women’s character and concerns. (In contrast to men whose essence is to be strong or competent). It doesn’t take someone in the throes of advanced feminist awareness to perceive that the way women are taught to be involved with beauty encourages narcissism, reinforces dependence and immaturity. Everybody (women and men) knows that. For it is ”every body”, a whole society, that has identified with caring about what one is and does and only secondarily, if at all, about how one looks.) Given these stereotype, it is on wonder that beauty enjoys, at best, a rather mixed reputation.It is not, of course, the desire to be beautiful that is wrong but the obligation to be or to try. What is accepted by most women as a flattering idealization of their sex is a way of making women feel inferior to what they actually are, or normally grow to be. For the ideal of beauty is administered as a form ofself-oppression. Women are taught to see their bodies in parts, and to evaluate each part separately. Breasts, feet, hips, waistline neck, eyes, nose, complexion, hair, and so on, each in turn is submitted to an anxious, fretful, often despairing scrutiny. Even if some pass muster, some will always be found wanting. Nothing less than perfection will do.In men, good looks is a whole, something taken in at a glance. It does not need to be confirmed y givingmeasurements of different regions of the body, nobody encourages a man to dissect his appearance, feature by feature. As for perfection, that is considered trivial-almost unmanly. Indeed, in the ideally good-looking man a small imperfection or blemish is considered positively desirable. According to one movie critic (a woman) who is a declared Robert Redford fan, it is having that cluster of skin-colored moles on one cheek that saves Redford from being merely a “pretty face.” Think of the depreciation of women, as well as of beauty, that id implied in that judgment.“The privileges of beauty are immense.” said Cocteau. To be sure, beauty i s a form of power. And deservedly so. What is lamentable is that it is the only form of power that most women are encouraged to seek. This power is always conceived relation to men; it is not the power to do that but the power to attract. It is a power that negates itself. For this power is not one that can be chosen freely, at least, not by women, or renounced without social censure.To preen, for a woman, can never be jut a pleasure. It is also a duty. It is her work. If a woman dose real work, and even if she has clambered up to a leading position in politics, law, medicine, business, or whatever, she is always under pressure to a confess that she still works at bring attractive. But in so far as she is keeping up as one of the Fair Sex, she brings under suspicion her very capacity to be objective, professional, authoritative, thoughtful. Damned if they do-women are. And damned if they don’t.One could hardly ask for more important evidence of the dangers of considering persons as split between what is “inside” and what is “outside” than that interminable half-comic half-tragic tale, the oppression of women. How easy it is to start off by defining women as caretakers of their surfaces, and then to disparage them (or find them adorable) for being “superficial”. It is a crude trap, and it has worked for too long. But to get out of the trap requires that women get some critical distance from the excellence and privilege which is beauty, enough distance to see how much beauty itself has been abridged in order to prop up the mythology of the “feminine”. There should be a way of saving beauty from women, and for them.对于古希腊人来说，美丽是一种美德：一种出色表现。
Unit7.beauty (yy)
To the author, the change occurred in the meaning of beauty is not merely an instance of semantic(语义) narrowing, but an instance of the distortion(扭曲) of the lexical meaning which has been inflicted(施加) upon by social prejudice.
There should be a way of saving beauty from women – and for women.
Different Words Used in Describing respective Sex: Male
handsome man (男人&人类) husband governor (总督) stud(种马-猛男)
Female
beautiful woman wife (W is married to H) governess (女家教) chick/bunny
…………………………………………
Differences in Applying Words between Two Sexes:
Female prefers to use adjectives, adverbs: so, such, lovely, vastly, wonderful, charming, divine 太棒了，真漂亮，真讨厌，好极了，老也不来，烦死了 太棒了，真漂亮，真讨厌，好极了，老也不来， Male prefers to use stronger words: great, terrific, awesome 挺好，不错， 挺好，不错，牛X
高英7-beauty-译文
高英6-7-beauty- 译文美丽苏珊桑塔格对于希腊人，美丽是一种美德：一种卓越品质。
那时的人被设想为一一今天我们心有余而力不足地和极度地称为完人的人。
就算希腊人想到了划分人的“内在”和“外在”，他们仍希望“外在美”可以与“内在美”相匹配。
出生高贵，围绕在苏格拉底周围的雅典年轻人觉得很矛盾一—他们发现自己的英雄如此睿智、勇敢、可敬，有魅力，但却长得如此丑陋。
苏格拉底的主要教学手段之一就是长得丑陋一一从而使他那些无知，但无疑很英俊的弟子们认识到，生活中其实充满了矛盾。
他们或许抵制苏格拉底的教导，但我们不会。
几千年后，我们更加关注美的魅力。
我们不仅能及其娴熟地把“内在”（性格、智力）与“外在”（外表）分开，而且实际上，如果什么人很漂亮，同时又睿智、能干而善良，会让我们感到十分惊讶那些。
很大程度上，基督教的影响剥夺了“美丽” 在古希腊罗马人心中关于人类美德理想的中心地位。
基督教把优秀（拉丁文是virtus ）仅限制为道的美德，而将美丽看作是一种疏离、随意而肤浅的魅力排除在外。
此外，“美丽”还不断地失去威信。
将近两个世纪以来，把美丽归属于男女两个性别其中之一已经使得美丽在道德上更容易受到攻击。
用英语我们说“美丽的女人”，但却说“英俊的男人”。
“英俊” 一词是“美丽”的阳性同义词也是对"美丽"否定 "美丽"这一恭维因为只用在女人身上而积累了一定的贬损之意。
法语和意大利语可以说男人是“美丽的”，这表明天主教国家（不像那些受基督教新教影响的国家）仍保留着异教徒那种崇拜魅力的遗风。
区别在于（假如区别存在的话）程度不同而已。
在每一个基督化或后基督化的现代国家，女性都是美丽的性别这对于美丽的观念以及女人本身都有损害。
人们认为，称女人美丽是指出了某些东西，它们对于女人的特点和女人关注的事情十分重要。
（相比之下男人一一他们的本质是强壮，或高效、能干。
）并不是挣扎在超前女权主义意识中的人才能觉察到，教导女性去沉溺于美的方式会怂恿自恋，增加依赖和幼稚。
高级英语第六版unit 7 beauty
4
Protestant Church
Catholic Church
Jesus Christ
Saint Maria
Catholics and protestants worship in many different ways however many people say they are both Christians. Both religions follow the Bible but they just believe in different things. • Catholics believe that the virgin Mary was a virgin all her life and the appearance of Jesus Cபைடு நூலகம்rist was a complete miracle. Protestants deny Mary’s virginity as they believe there was nothing miraculous about the birth of Jesus.
2
Protestantism
• Protestantism began as a movement to reform the Western Christian church in the 16th century, resulting in the Protestant Reformation, which severed the reformed churches from the Roman Catholic church.
• The declared aim of the original reformers was to restore the Christian faith as it had been at its beginning, while keeping what they thought valuable from the Roman Catholic tradition that had developed during the intervening centuries.
牛津译林九年级上学期英语知识点汇总-Unit7
精品基础教育教学资料，仅供参考，需要可下载使用！Unit7 Films知识点归纳一、词组、短语归纳1. 1. in your dreams 你做梦，你妄想2.Tomorrow’s TV superstar 明日电视超级明星3.an action film 一部动作片4.like horror films 喜欢恐怖片5. a number of romantic films 大量的爱情片6.watch a science fiction film 看科幻片7.be suitable for doing sth. 适合做某事8.enter the film industry 进入电影业9.so…that…/ such…that…如此……以致……10.such a good storyteller 如此棒的一个故事讲述者11.write exciting scripts 写很棒的剧本12.in the film industry 在电影界13.like acting 喜欢表演14.would rather be a director 想做个导演15.one of Hollywood’s all-time greatest actresses 好莱坞最棒的女演员之一16.die in 1993 死于1993年17.feel very sorry about 对……感到十分难受18.the loss of a great beauty 一位伟大美女的丧失19.a great humanitarian 一位伟大的人道主义者20.dream of becoming a successful ballet dancer 梦想成为一名成功的芭蕾者21.after World War II 二战之后22.move to sp. with sb. 和某人搬去某地23.work as a model 作为一个模特工作24.catch one’s attention 吸引某人的注意25.insist on sth. / insist on doing sth. / insist that…坚持某事/做某事26.the perfect girl for the lead role 演主角的最佳女孩27.a play based on the novel 源于小说的一个剧本28.play some major roles 扮演一些主角29.mark the beginning of one’s successful career 标志某人成功生涯的开始30.her beauty and charm 她的美与魅力31.play the lead role of a young princess. 扮演一个年轻公主的主角32.be chosen to play sb. 被选作演某个角色33.become world-famous 闻名全世界34.win the Oscar for Best Actress for…因…获得奥斯卡最佳女演员奖35.during one’s lifetime 在她的一生中36.have four more Oscar nominations 有另外四次奥斯卡提名奖37.make one’s final appearance 最后一次露面38.play the role of an angel 扮演天使的角色39.go beyond the film industry 超越电影业40.work for UNICEF 为联合国儿童基金会工作41.in the 1950s 在20世纪50年代42.the last few years of her life 在她生命的最后几年43.work closely with…与……亲密合作44.because of her efforts in this area 因为她在这个领域的努力45.put one’s effort into sth （effort 精力不可数）将某人精力投入到…46.make efforts to do sth (effort 努力可数名词) 努力做某事47.have cancer 得了癌症48.pass away peacefully 平静地辞世49.have an attractive quality 有迷人的气质50.It’s unknown that…是不为人知的.51.As we all know that …=It’s well-known that… ...是众所周知的....52.avoid the rush hour 避免拥堵的时刻53.find a place to park the car 找到一个地方停车54.be amazed by one’s beauty 惊讶于某人的美丽55.mistake her for a real princess 误认为她是真正的公主56.have a day off 请一天假57.read the exciting script through without stopping 通读令人兴奋的解说词而不停顿58.introduce Chinese kung fu to sb. 向某人介绍中国功夫59.act very well in the film. 在那部电影中表演得非常好60.be remembered as sb. 被作为某人记住61.attend a course on …参加一个关于...的课程62.throughout one’s acting years 在某人的演艺生涯中63.one’s favourite actor in Chinese action films 在中国动作片里某人最喜欢的演员64.remind sb. of （使某人想起……）65.remind sb. to do sth. （提醒某人做某事）66.be suitable for all ages 适合于各个年龄67.be of one’s age 与...人同龄68.show a film called 1942 放映一部叫1942的电影69.fall in love with sb. 爱上某人70.bring dinosaurs alive on screen 将恐龙的鲜活形象搬上荧屏71.a special offer 特价72.offer a special offer to sb 给某人提供一个特价73.cancel the order 取消预订74.Neither do I. 我也不。
Beauty译文
Background of Christianity
基督教是总称，包括三个教派：天主教、新教和 东正教。 十一世纪中叶，基督教罗马教庭分裂成东、 西两个教庭，东派拜占廷教庭自称“正教”，即 现在的东正教，信仰的是以俄罗斯为主的东欧国 家。十六世纪以马丁· 路德为代表的宗教改革使原 来的罗马公教分裂为新与旧两派。习惯上将旧教 称为天主教，信仰的主要有意大利、法国等国家。 中国习惯将新教称为基督教，信仰的国家主要有 英美德等国家。
Beauty alone makes all the world happy, and every being forgets its limitations as long as it experiences her enchantment. --- Friedrich von Schiller (1759 - 1805), German poet, playwright and historian.
Uni
by Susan Sontag
Susan Sontag and her works
Susan Sontag (1933-2004), American writer, known for her
philosophical writings on modern culture. During the 1960s and 1970s Sontag's essays and observations had a strong influence on the American counterculture. Her essay collections include Against Interpretation (反对阐释，1966), Styles of Radical Will (激进意志的风格，1969), and Under the Sign of Saturn (在土星的标志下，1980). She also wrote the novels The Benefactor (恩人，1963), Death Kit (死亡试剂盒，1967), The Volcano Lover (火山情人，1992), and In America (在美国，2000). Sontag‗s other works include the nonfiction books On Photography (论 摄影，1977), Illness as Metaphor (疾病的隐喻，1978), and AIDS and Its Metaphors (艾滋病及其隐喻，1989); and a collection of short stories.
最新新版人教版 英语 八年级下unit 1-10短语翻译和词形资料讲解
一、短语和句子翻译1.感冒2.胃痛3.发烧4.躺下5.休息6.令某人惊讶的是…7.right away8.get into trouble 9.be used to doing10.be used to do ed to do 12.冒险13.run out of= 14.get out of15.be in coutrol of 16.放弃17.感到恶心18.照X光19.put a bandage on it20.what’s wrong?= =21.我妹妹和我得了咽喉痛。
22.我应该怎么办？23.她昨天讲的太多而且没有喝足够的水。
24.--我应该敷点药在上面吗？--不，不用。
25.他应该量体温。
二、词形转换1.foot(复)___________2.tooth(复)_____________3. head→头疼4.stomach→胃痛5.we→反身代词______________6.climb→n._______7.knife(复)___________8.death→adj_________→v.________9.importance→n.___________ 10. decision→v.unit 2.一、短语和句子翻译1.打扫干净2.振奋起来；鼓励3.give out=e up with5.推迟6.给某人打电话7.care for 8.参加…选拔9.自愿做…10.赠送11修理12.长得像…13 set up14.make a difference 15.put up16.养老院17. 感到孤独18.在…岁的时19.at the same time 20.would like to do1.我长得像我爸爸2.我想要帮助无家可归的人。
3.小明相信这个能帮他得到他理想的工作。
4.我感到非常幸运的拥有了这条狗。
二、词形变化1.train.v.→n.2.own v.→n.3.difficult. adj→n4.kind adj→n.5.interest v. →adj一、短语和句子翻译1.take out the rubbish2.反复；频繁3.一…就…4.做家务5. in order to6.depend on7.take care of8.do the dishes9.make one’s bed10.fold one’s clothes 11.扫地12.clean the living room 13.没问题14.get a ride 15. at least →反16.any minute 17.be always doing 18.mind doing 19.have a test 20.invite sb to a party21.hang out with sb. 22.as a result23.spend time on sth24--我可以和我的朋友外出就餐吗？--好的，没问题。
外研社现代大学英语(第三版)精读6教学课件Unit 7
Nature's beauty is a gift that cultivates appreciation and gratitude. —Nature ·Beauty ·Gratitude by Louie Schwartzberg
If I were the president of a university I should establish a compulsory course in “How to Use Your Eyes”. The professor would try to show his pupils how they could add joy to their lives by really seeing what passes unnoticed before them. He would try to awake their dormant and sluggish faculties. —Three Days to See by Helen Keller (大学必修课《如何利用你的眼睛》)
The essay “Beauty” first appeared in the 1998 spring issue of Orion and was included in Hunting for Hope. The book takes his readers through a whirlwind of spirited journeys, love, and despair in his search for hope.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Unit 7 Beauty
美
1.对于古希腊人来说，美是一种美德，一种出类拔萃的表现，是那些在今天的我们看来不
得不被称为"完人"的人。
如果古希腊人真的能够区分一个人的“内在”和"外在"，那么他们仍然要求内在美能够与外在美相匹配。
聚集在苏格拉底周围，出身富裕的雅典贵族年轻人发现一个很矛盾的事实，他们的偶像是如此有智慧，有胆识，如此高贵，如此魅力四射，但又如此丑陋。
苏格拉底的一个最主要的教学方式是，用他自己丑陋的外表教导那些天真，无疑也是相貌堂堂的学徒，生活是如此充满矛盾的。
2.也许他们会反对苏格拉底的教导，但我们则不然。
几千年之后的我们比较提防美的诱惑。
我们不仅轻易地区分了内在（性格，才智）和外在（外表），当看到一个外表动人的人还非常有智慧，有才智，有善心时，我们还会非常惊讶。
3.主要是受基督教的影响，美才被剥夺了它在人的优秀品质中的中心位置。
通过将优秀的
品质限制为道德上的美德，基督教使偏离了美的概念——认为它是一种异化的，任意的，肤浅的诱惑。
于是美变得没那么动听了。
近两个世纪，美被约定俗成地归为两性中的一个性，不管多么美丽，永远是属于第二个性别的。
把美和女性挂钩之后，美更加受到道德上的批判。
4.我们英语常说，一个美丽的女人，但却说一个英俊的男子。
"英俊"是"美丽"的阳性等义
词——是对“美丽”这样的赞美的拒绝，因为这句赞美是专属于女性的，所以便有了贬义的色彩。
在法语和意大利语中可以说一个男子“美丽”，这表明天主教的国家不像那些演化为新教的基督教国家，他们仍然保留有异教徒崇尚美的痕迹。
如果说有区别的话，那也只是程度不同罢了。
在现代，不管是基督教国家还是后基督教国家，说女性属于美丽的性别，这不仅伤害了美丽本身的意义，也对女性造成了伤害。
5.人们认为，被称作美丽是点明女性性格上和关注问题上的某些本质的东西。
（男性则不
同——他们的本质是强大，有效率，有能力）不用经历先进女权主义意识的阵痛就能意识到，教女性将自己与美丽联系在一起，就助长了女性的自我陶醉，加深了其依赖性以及不成熟状态。
每个人都知道会这样（不管是男人还是女人）。
因为每个人，整个社会，都已经认为关注外貌属于女性特质（而男性特质则不同——他们关注的是一个人的身份，行为，其次才关注其外貌）。
鉴于这些老一套的说法，这就难怪美至多只带着这种不纯粹的名誉了。
6.当然，爱美之心没有错，错的是把美当作一种义务，或为之苦苦挣扎。
被大多数女性视
为对自己性别的理想化赞美其实反而让她们对自己实际的正常的样子感到自卑。
因为理想的美是通过一种自我压制的形式呈现的。
女人们学着一个部位一个部位地看待自己的身体，独立地评价每个部位。
胸，足，臀，腰围，脖子，眼睛，鼻子，肤色，毛发，等等。
每个部位都有经受一个令人焦虑，苦恼烦躁，而且通常是令人绝望的考量。
即使有些部位还算达到要求，但是有些部位通常是被发现有不足的。
没有什么比完美更重要的了。
7.男人的好看是一个整体，是一眼就可以看出来的。
它不需要通过依次考量身体的不同部
位来证实，没有人会鼓励一个男的去一点一点地分析自己的外貌。
至于完美，这是不足挂齿的，几乎是没有男子气概的。
实际上，一个外貌完美的男子特别积极地想要有一点不完美或者瑕疵。
一个宣称是罗伯特·雷德福的影迷的影评家说，多亏右边脸颊上那几颗肉色的痣才让雷德福没有成为纯粹的“好看的脸”。
试想一下，这样的评判暗含了多少对女性以及对美的藐视。
8.科克托说:“美带来莫大的好处。
”可以肯定，美是一种力量。
也理应如此。
可悲的是，
它是鼓励多数女性去追求的唯一一种力量。
这种力量总是被认为是与男性有关的，它不是指有力去做什么事，而是有力去吸引。
它是一种自我否定的力量。
因为这种力量本身是不能被自由选择的，至少，女性对此既不能选择拥有，也不能选择摒弃，否则，将会受到社会的斥责。
9.对于女人来说，刻意打扮自己从来都不只是源于乐趣。
这也是一种义务，是她的工作。
即使一个女性做着一份实实在在的工作，甚至在政治，法律，医学，商业，或者别的什么领域，她已经攀爬到领导的位置，她都不得不承认她还在努力使自己看起来有吸引力。
但是只要她还在奋力追求女性之美，她就会招致怀疑，怀疑她是否有能力做到客观，专业，有权威，顾全大局。
如果做到了，女人就要受到谴责，如果做不到，她们也难逃其咎。
10.将人一分为二，分为“内在”的和“外在”，这样的观点是很危险的。
我们可以从有关
女性受到压迫的那些没完没了的悲喜故事中找到最为重要的证据。
一开始先是描述女人非常注重自己的外表，然后由于肤浅又贬低她们（或者发现她们值得钦慕），这是何等的简单。
这是一个残酷的陷阱，且害人已久。
但要摆脱这个陷阱，需要女性同美所包含的所谓的优秀品质以及特权保持一定的批判性距离，要有足够的距离才能看出，美本身已经受到限制，为的是支撑“女性气质”这个神话。
应该将美从女性中解救出来，也为了解救她们。