六级英语作文怎么提

六级英语作文怎么提
六级英语作文怎么提

六级英语作文怎么提高

六级要来了,我们应该怎么提高我们的英语作文写作水平?下面是给大家整理的六级英语作文怎么提高,供大家参阅!

六级英语作文怎么提高

考生在写作时面临一些困境和问题,主要有以下几点:

一、滔滔不绝意识流

有一部分考生在考试时一见到作文题,便感到很对自己的胃口,觉得有很多内容要写。于是乎千言万语涌上心头,写着前一句想着后一句。往往前句尚未写完便接上了后一句,辛辛苦苦写了一大堆(甚至有写11个自然段的)犹觉余意未尽。结果令判卷的老师头疼不己,无法继续往下看。原因就在于这种没有构思、未理提纲的作文章法太乱,语言质量差。无论是四、六级考试还是研究生入学考试,我国的作文试题都是规定式作文(controlled

writing),这跟国外考试(如TOEEl)不一样。因此,写作时必须按给出的提纲或提示去写,任何过于放任自由的做法都是不可取的,更不要另有所图,滔滔不绝。这是进入实际操作前的一个基本认识问题,稍不留神就会出问题。

要控制这种意识流的写法,必须严格按照三点提纲来写。假如第一段要求描述某个现象,务必不要先进行原因分析,否则到了第二段该分析原因的时候就没东西可写了。明智的做法是投其所好,该如何就如何,这一原则适用于所有的考试。另外,有的考生一方面有话则多,一发而不可收,控制不了自己;一方面无话则隐,该说的话没有说出来。我们不妨把作文的要求量化到每一个段落:一篇200词左右的作文一般不会超过15句话,把这15句话根据题目要求分配到各段中去,每一段大模只说那么几句话,绝不多说。事实上往往是

说得越多,错误越多。因此,眼着提纲走,每一段不要写得太多,点到为止,见好就收,这才是最稳妥的对策。

二、无话可说真难受

无话可说是滔滔不绝的对立面。有的考生题目看得懂,提纲也一目了然,就是不知道该说什么,在考场上头脑一片空白,想到的也只是空泛的东西。这是一种常见的现象。在这种情况下,即使是用中文也难以写好,更何况要用英文去表达。针对这一情况,办法就是要善于联想到一些具体的事实、具体的例证以及具体的现象。比如说,要谈论电视节目这一话题,可以联想到新闻联播,并由此想到它让人们开阔视野,了解世界。但有人觉得话题太熟悉了,反而一时说不出什么来。其实,作文题一定是永恒的话题,在任何时候都可以讨论;或为当代话题,让所有的人都有话可说。题目是公平的,绝对不会让某一专业的考生有特别的优势。所以,考生一定能联想起具体细小的事情,再形成观点。把看得见摸得着的事物带来的思考变成作文里的实质内容,这不失为一种很好的策略。例如,计算机的利与弊这个话题似乎太大,但是可能想到的具体的现象是小孩、学生要在计算机前玩计算机游戏。由此带来的思考是,这些学生整天呆在那里对他们的mind 是有害的,并waste alot of time。

因此,当头脑出现空白时,应该由具体细小的、琐碎的、微不足道的事物所引发的思考形成观点,再进行论述。这种定式思维的形成需要多下功夫多练习。从无话可说到有话可说,下面的例子让人不无启发。在种种场合下,经常要欢迎领导讲几句话。领导往往首先开口说:同志们大家好,我利用这个机会讲三句话。讲第一句话时,脑子里不知道第二句话是什么,讲第二句话时,根本就没想第三句话要说什么。但他最终说了三句话,以谢谢大家结束

讲话。领导讲话1、2、3 成了一种定式,他总能找到有关内容讲几点,这种功夫是长期磨练的结果。写作文也一样,平时需要多多练习这种思维。

三、真情流露没必要

考试时,监考老师通常发现有的考生坐在那里根本就是在玩深沉,他在那里思考人生的伟大哲理;他在那里要想出一个观点,想出一个理由,想出一个措施,非要显得与众不同。陷入这

种境地的考生,显然犯了一个根本性的错误。参考时间为40分钟的作文,一般应该在35分钟之内完成,再用几分钟的时间检查语言错误。可有的考生十几分钟一句话都写不了,就是因为他太进入角色了,他想向判卷的老师掏心掏肺。这是一个很大的误区。

考作文的目的纯粹是通过这一命题形式,考查考生的英语水平如何。命题人关注的是书面表达能力,而不是看一个人有没有内容,思想有没有深度。只有当作文明显跑题时,内容才体现出其重要性。不管原因也好,措施也好,某一考生想到的任何一点,很可能命题人早已料到,而且肯定会被成千上万的考生重复无数遍。因而曾经令自己激动一时的想法,在判卷的老师看来全无感觉。规定式作文的拓展空间本来就非常有限,所以真情流露是没有必要的。

四、英语表达憋得慌

如果说以上几点都明白了,剩下的最大障碍就是用英语表达意思很困难。对于这一点,首先要树立信心。实际上,大部分考生都受过正规的大学英语教育,即使是一些自学的考生,其英语水平也足以写好一篇六级作文。关键在于要把这种潜力挖掘出来。《朗文词典》(Longman Didonary)的最大特点,就是用2000个核心词来解释几十万个词条,而且词条

大都有几个义l项。由此可见,并不一定要用多么复杂l 的英语来表达,也不一定非得添加一些高难度的单词以加深判卷老师的印象。事实上,简单的语言也能表达复杂的事物。著名的美国作家海明威的作品以其明白晓畅的语言吸引了千千万万的读者,就是一个明证。要求考生运用英语思维来写作文是不现实的。如果能用英语思维,也就谈不上会遇到多大的困难了。在实际写作过程当中,脑子里想的是中文句子,然后把一个一个的中文句子译成英文。在翻译的时候努力寻求一一对应的关系,希望找到与中文词对应的英文单词。结果句子结构和单词的选用受到中文的影响,自己感觉上也是憋得费劲,或者觉得表达出来了,意思差不多,而实际上给人的感觉依然还是中文。若是让老外来看这篇作文的话,也许根本就弄不清楚文章的内容,而判卷

的中国老师在判卷时往往能想象出文章是怎样写出来的。在这种情况下,出路在于把中文译成英文时,不要去追求一一对应的关系,而应该得其意,忘其形(get the meaning,for get the form),忘掉中文的语法结构,句法形式则可能要整个地打乱,钻进去,跳出来。所谓钻进去就是要看意思是否到位了,跳出来就是要忘记中文的语言形式。实际上把英文译成中文,也是一样的道理,关键是要在转换中把意思表达出来。如果写出来的句子整个结构都在对应,无异于用英语词说中国话,这显然是不合适的。

词汇掌握有限的考生,可以经常看一看朗文词典中词条的英文注解,这对于提高写作的表达能力会有巨大的助。整部词典成千上万的词义全部用2000左右常用词汇解释。随意翻开词典的任何一页,找出其中不认识的单词,然后看后面的英文注释。要找不认识的单词,因为在急于知道意思的情况下看注解,印象才深刻。要先学人家怎么表达,再学会自己表达。有的人简单地认为,只要记了单词和语法,就可以高兴怎么表达就怎么表达,这样的人永远

学不好英语。记住一个词跟学会使用这个词是两码事。BBC 的一个材料上说,英国农民一辈子最常用的、基本上能够表达他所有情感世界和日常生活的词大概不到一千。农民也有喜怒哀乐,在这一点上,一个农民的情感世界跟一个伟大诗人的情感世界是没有什么区别的,而且用简单的语言把复杂的意思表达出来也可谓之伟大。对于一个一时找不着词的概念,应该用一种迂回曲折的方式把意思表达清楚。或用一个短语,或用一个从句,或三言两语,如果没出什么语言错误的话,这也算是一种伟大!

针对英语表达憋得慌的情况,必须摒弃翻译中追求一一对应的关系并机械地把中文译成英文的方法,应该把中文句子结构彻底地忘记,然后用比较简单的万能英语表达。平常不妨做一做这样的练习,通过阅读不认识的词条的英文注解,然后试着把单词译成中文词,再去对照英汉词典的汉语释义,慢慢地就会开始领会用英语表达的门道了。之所以强调这样做,是因为朗文词典语言简明,例句来自活生生的现实生活,不同于传统的英语词典从文学作品里摘录例句的做法。正因为如此,其词汇量比较贴近我们的词汇基础,只要读得多占自然就会明白这样好。做的

奥妙,进而受其影响。

五、处于被动危害大

尽管四六级作文为规定式命题,但考生仍可积极主动地把作文写。其主动性在于采取回避的策略:表达上采取迂回的方式,即运用不很复杂的语言,内容的取舍上避重就轻地写比较易于表达的内容。很多人在写作过程中从头至尾都处于被动状态,当有内容想要表达清楚的时候,却又发现种种途径都不可能表达好,只好硬着头皮把自己意识到没把握的东西勉强写上去。毫无疑问,这种连自己都意识到可能是错误的东西,只会产生于己不利的负面作用。所以,当有的内容感觉一点找不着、英语实在表达不清楚的时候,就应该彻底地放弃。开动

脑筋多想几点内容、理由和措施,假设想到四条理由,但因为语言表达的问题,其中一条理由说不清楚,那么就应当机立断地把它放弃,写上另外三点理由就可以了(或许两点就够了)。由此可见,积极主动的态度会使自己在考试中有更大的灵活性。

单词拼写错误多也是四六级作文的一大问题。例如,opinion 错拼为opium,结果in my opinion成了in my opium(在我的鸦片中)!常用单词是不能拼错的。有的单词平时会拼写,考试时突然没把握了,比如modern so d-ety,假如不知道modern与IElorden 哪一个是对的,不妨换成society today或today s society,或许还能想起另外一个难度大一点、拼写有把握的con-tempomy来代替modem。应该回避明确知道自己不会拼写的词:如果没法换一个词,将句子改换一种说法亦未尝不可。有的考生在考卷上没把握的地方标上问号,或者两种可能都写上,让判卷老师判断后选择其中一个,这是不可取的,是有害的。总之,不能让自己陷人被动,想说什么、用什么方式说,说多少、说到什么时候,说到什么程度,一切都应由考生主动把握,这样才会减少心理上的压力,更好地发挥出自己应有的写作水平。

六级英语作文提高方法

第一步:认真审题,充分运用关键词构思法

事实上,提供给英语六级写作的时间不止30分钟。一般来说,各考场会提前5分钟左右将答题卡一发到学生手里,大一点的考场甚至可能提前10分钟发卷。这5到10分钟不允许学生作答,但考生完全可以用来做作文部分的审题和构思工作。注意审题一定要仔细,按要求写作,不得擅自改动题目,给定的提纲不得有遗漏,否则会按比例扣分。尤其注意,不要因为事先自己背过或练过哪篇相似的文章而死搬硬套。否则后果很严重。例如,2008年12月六级写作真题题目是College Students Mental Health,提纲为

1. 心理健康对于大学生很重要

2. 鉴于此,学校可以

3. 我们自己应该

而在考试之前,我们给学生出过一道类似的模拟题,题目为Psychological Problems Among College Students , 提纲为

1. 很多大学生有严重的心理问题

2. 产生这些问题的原因

3. 如何解决这些问题

可以看出,我们给的提纲是按照比较规矩的三段论来的,即提出问题、分析问题、解决问题。但真题的提纲并未要求考生分析问题,反倒有两段要写解决问题。有的考生因为看过或背过模拟题的范文,就直接照搬,导致了失分。

另外,构思不是打草稿。并不建议学生练习写作时养成打草稿的习惯。因为考场上时间有限,打完草稿再誊写很可能来不及。另外,更重要的原因是考场上不发草稿纸,一般也不允许往里带纸,难以找到打草稿的地方。考生只要花三五分钟做一下构思即可,即想象一下每段大致写什么,可以记几个关键词(比如在准考证空白的地方)提示自己,在接下来的二十分钟里面按照这几个关键词提示的内容扩展就行。

一般来说英语六级作文写作要求不少于150词,最好写到180到200词。就句子数目来说,如果分三段,每段也就三到五句话,平均四句一段。那么整篇文章大约10个关键词就可以做好构思。以2009年6月英语六级写作真题为例。

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1. 有人说名字(或名称)很重要

2. 也有人觉得名字(或名称)无关紧要

3. 我认为

构思第一段时,想到可以来一句铺垫的话,如名字重不重要是个有争议的话题,可以写下controversial或topic,作为关键词;下一句是有人说名字(或名称)很重要,可以先写下important。再往后想两条理由或例证即可。理由如好名字容易被记住,因而可以给人来更多机会(关键词remember或opportunity),和按照传统理论起的名字可能会对人起到暗中庇护的作用(关键词tradition或shelter);例证如有人认为毛泽东伟大是因为名字就大气,Bill Gates有钱是因为他的名字可以表示钞票,姓表示很多大门,很多大门都来钱,所以有钱。第二、三段情同此理。其实第一段想好了,后两段也就容易了。比如第二段可以将第一段的理由或例证反过来用,第三段可以总结或折中一下。字数还是比较容易写够的。

第二步:写作高分须遵循的5C法则

1、字迹清楚,段落明朗(clear):字体不要太大,也不要太小,以行间距的三分之一到二分之一为合适;另外,大小要一致,不要忽大忽小;字母的倾斜方向要一致,不要东倒西歪;要抵着给出的虚线写,不能上窜下跳;总之,要给阅卷人清楚、工整的感觉。段落一般为三段,采用段首缩进式,即每段开头空4至8个字母的格,每段段首缩进的量要一致,要让阅卷人一目了然。

2、内容完整,紧扣提纲(complete):一般来说,六级写作

都会给出三点汉语提纲,考生应严格按照三点写成三段。不要有遗漏,也不要随意改变提纲要点的顺序。因为阅卷人要在30秒左右的时间打出分数,所以不希望看到与提纲严重背离的作文。

3、首保正确,再求闪光(correct):这一条是最核心的,因为在写作时间和篇幅都比较短的情况下,考生写出的内容几乎是一样的,唯一的判断标准几乎就是语言的质量。要首先保证语法和拼写正确,哪怕用小词、短句也可以。有能力的话再追求闪光的词句。例如,有考生在写2009年6月的作文时,写出了这样的开头句:There is no denying the fact that the vital of name has been a hotly debated topic in China. 这句话是套用我以往范文给过的句子,基本结构是对的,但有两处明显的错误。一处为vital,是个形容词,而这里应该用名词。作者可能想用一个牛词来替换importance以显示用词多样,结果弄巧成拙。另外一处错误为name之前应该有冠词a,其实题目中都给了,结果这位同学忽略了,缺乏基本的语法意识。其实作文中常犯的语法错误除了冠词错误,还包括时态错误、名词和动词单复数错误、代词不一致错误、词性错误以及句子主谓不完整错误。下笔时一定要谨慎。篇幅关系这里不能赘述。

4、先总后分,连词用上(coherent):这里说的是段落的结构和连贯性的问题。英语文章特别喜欢先总后分或开门见山的格局,另外,段落之间和句子之间的形式连接手段特别明显,即关联词用的很多。在写作的时候,几乎就是把给出的三点提纲作为每段的开头句,然后再加上两三个扩展句即理由或例证句就可以了。当然有时候为了论证自然或扩展字数也可以加上一点铺垫的句子。如2009年6月真题作文开头一句既可以是Some people claim that names are of great importance. 也可以是There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether names are important or not. 然后再说Some hold the positive view.后面再加上两三句论证的话。论证句或扩展句之间最好有连接词,如First, Second, Besides, Also, Similarly, In the same way, However等等。

5、语言简练,论据得当(concise):不要啰嗦,不要过于重复和堆砌。有些考生背诵了一些经典的句型,为了凑字就全用上了,给人低层次的感觉。如最后一段用同学写道:As far as I am

concerned, weighing the pros and cons of the arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter point of view. 其实As far as I am concerned和weighing the pros and cons of the arguments用一个就行了。另外,尽管内容不及语言重要,但也肯定会影响分数的。考生应尽量平时多练,以期在考场上也能很快想到一些有力的理由和贴切的例证。另外,要敢于表达自己的思想,不要一味地为了保证语言正确而裹步不前,只说一些小学生的话。如有同学写09年真题第一段时写道:Some people think that names are important. They say that, if a person has a name, we can remember him. If he does not have a name, we cannot remember him. 这样的作文倒是没有语言错误,但肯定也得不了高分。

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