资产负债表的定义及作用英语及其翻译精
资产负债表
资产负债表
资产负债表（Balance Sheet）是一种会计报表，用于展示企业在特定日期上的财务状况，包括企业的资产、负债和所有者权益。
资产负债表的基本结构是：
资产（Assets）：包括企业拥有的现金、应收账款、存货、固定资产等可用于增加企业价值的资源。
负债（Liabilities）：包括企业欠他人的债务，如应付账款、短期负债、长期债务等。
所有者权益（Owner's Equity）：也称为净资产，包括企业由股东投资的资本、留存收益等。
资产负债表遵循一个基本的公式：
资产 = 负债 + 所有者权益
这意味着企业的资产是由负债和所有者权益来支持的。
资产负债表的目的是提供一个全面的财务状况，以帮助投资者、债权人、分析师等评估企业的健康状况和价值。
资产负债表通常按照流动性和长期性进行分类，以便更好地揭示企业的资金状况。
流动资产包括现金、应收账款等短期可转换为现金的资产，而长期资产包括固定资产、投资等较长期的资产。
同样，流动负债包括短期应付账款等即将到期的债务，而长期负债包括长期借款等较长期的债务。
所有者权益包括普通股股本、留存收益等。
资产负债表提供了企业的资金来源和运用的信息，有助于债权人、投资者和其他利益相关者判断企业的偿债能力、盈利能力和风险程度，并为决策提供参考依据。
完整英文版资产负债表、利润表及现金流量表【中英对照】
资产负债表Balance Sheet项目ITEM货币资金Cash短期投资Short term investments应收票据Notes receivable应收股利Dividend receivable应收利息Interest receivable应收帐款Accounts receivable其他应收款Other receivables预付帐款Accounts prepaid期货保证金Future guarantee应收补贴款Allowance receivable应收出口退税Export drawback receivable存货Inventories其中：原材料Including:Raw materials产成品(库存商品) Finished goods待摊费用Prepaid and deferred expenses待处理流动资产净损失Unsettled G/L on current assets一年内到期的长期债权投资Long-term debenture investment falling due in a yaear 其他流动资产Other current assets流动资产合计Total current assets长期投资：Long-term investment：其中:长期股权投资Including long term equity investment长期债权投资Long term securities investment*合并价差Incorporating price difference长期投资合计Total long-term investment固定资产原价Fixed assets-cost减：累计折旧Less:Accumulated Dpreciation固定资产净值Fixed assets-net value减：固定资产减值准备Less:Impairment of fixed assets固定资产净额Net value of fixed assets固定资产清理Disposal of fixed assets工程物资Project material在建工程Construction in Progress待处理固定资产净损失Unsettled G/L on fixed assets固定资产合计Total tangible assets无形资产Intangible assets其中:土地使用权Including and use rights递延资产（长期待摊费用）Deferred assets其中:固定资产修理Including:Fixed assets repair固定资产改良支出Improvement expenditure of fixed assets其他长期资产Other long term assets其中:特准储备物资Among it:Specially approved reserving materials无形及其他资产合计Total intangible assets and other assets递延税款借项Deferred assets debits资产总计Total Assets资产负债表(续表) Balance Sheet项目ITEM短期借款Short-term loans应付票款Notes payable应付帐款Accounts payab1e预收帐款Advances from customers应付工资Accrued payro1l应付福利费Welfare payable应付利润(股利) Profits payab1e应交税金Taxes payable其他应交款Other payable to government其他应付款Other creditors预提费用Provision for expenses预计负债Accrued liabilities一年内到期的长期负债Long term liabilities due within one year 其他流动负债Other current liabilities流动负债合计Total current liabilities长期借款Long-term loans payable应付债券Bonds payable长期应付款long-term accounts payable专项应付款Special accounts payable其他长期负债Other long-term liabilities其中:特准储备资金Including:Special reserve fund长期负债合计Total long term liabilities递延税款贷项Deferred taxation credit负债合计Total liabilities* 少数股东权益Minority interests实收资本(股本) Subscribed Capital国家资本National capital集体资本Collective capital法人资本Legal person"s capital其中:国有法人资本Including:State-owned legal person"s capital 集体法人资本Collective legal person"s capital个人资本Personal capital外商资本Foreign businessmen"s capital资本公积Capital surplus盈余公积surplus reserve其中:法定盈余公积Including:statutory surplus reserve公益金public welfare fund补充流动资本Supplermentary current capital* 未确认的投资损失（以“-”号填列）Unaffirmed investment loss未分配利润Retained earnings外币报表折算差额Converted difference in Foreign Currency Statements所有者权益合计Total shareholder"s equity负债及所有者权益总计Total Liabilities & Equity利润表INCOME STATEMENT项目ITEMS产品销售收入Sales of products其中：出口产品销售收入Including：Export sales减：销售折扣与折让Less：Sales discount and allowances产品销售净额Net sales of products减：产品销售税金Less：Sales tax产品销售成本Cost of sales其中：出口产品销售成本Including：Cost of export sales产品销售毛利Gross profit on sales减：销售费用Less：Selling expenses管理费用General and administrative expenses财务费用Financial expenses其中：利息支出(减利息收入) Including：Interest expenses (minusinterest ihcome) 汇兑损失(减汇兑收益)Exchange losses(minus exchange gains)产品销售利润Profit on sales加：其他业务利润Add：profit from other operations营业利润Operating profit加：投资收益Add：Income on investment加：营业外收入Add：Non-operating income减：营业外支出Less：Non-operating expenses加：以前年度损益调整Add：adjustment of loss and gain for previous years利润总额Total profit减：所得税Less：Income tax净利润Net profit现金流量表Cash Flows StatementPrepared by:Period: Unit:Items1.Cash Flows from Operating Activities:01)Cash received from sales of goods or rendering of services02)Rental receivedValue added tax on sales received and refunds of value03)added tax paid04)Refund of other taxes and levy other than value added tax07)Other cash received relating to operating activities08)Sub-total of cash inflows09)Cash paid for goods and services10)Cash paid for operating leases11)Cash paid to and on behalf of employees12)Value added tax on purchases paid13)Income tax paid14)Taxes paid other than value added tax and income tax17)Other cash paid relating to operating activities18)Sub-total of cash outflows19)Net cash flows from operating activities2.Cash Flows from Investing Activities:20)Cash received from return of investments21)Cash received from distribution of dividends or profits22)Cash received from bond interest incomeNet cash received from disposal of fixed assets,intangible 23)assets and other long-term assets26)Other cash received relating to investing activities27)Sub-total of cash inflowsCash paid to acquire fixed assets,intangible assets28)and other long-term assets29)Cash paid to acquire equity investments30)Cash paid to acquire debt investments33)Other cash paid relating to investing activities34)Sub-total of cash outflows35)Net cash flows from investing activities3.Cash Flows from Financing Activities:36)Proceeds from issuing shares37)Proceeds from issuing bonds38)Proceeds from borrowings41)Other proceeds relating to financing activities42)Sub-total of cash inflows43)Cash repayments of amounts borrowed44)Cash payments of expenses on any financing activities45)Cash payments for distribution of dividends or profits46)Cash payments of interest expenses47)Cash payments for finance leases48)Cash payments for reduction of registered capital51)Other cash payments relating to financing activities52)Sub-total of cash outflows53)Net cash flows from financing activities4.Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate Changes on Cash Increase in Cash and Cash EquivalentsSupplemental Information1.Investing and Financing Activities that do not Involve in Cash Receipts and Payments56)Repayment of debts by the transfer of fixed assets57)Repayment of debts by the transfer of investments58)Investments in the form of fixed assets59)Repayments of debts by the transfer of investories2.Reconciliation of Net Profit to Cash Flows from Operating Activities62)Net profit63)Add provision for bad debt or bad debt written off64)Depreciation of fixed assets65)Amortization of intangible assetsLosses on disposal of fixed assets,intangible assets66)and other long-term assets (or deduct:gains)67)Losses on scrapping of fixed assets68)Financial expenses69)Losses arising from investments (or deduct:gains)70)Defered tax credit (or deduct:debit)71)Decrease in inventories (or deduct：increase)72)Decrease in operating receivables (or deduct:increase)73)Increase in operating payables (or deduct:decrease)74)Net payment on value added tax (or deduct:net receipts75)Net cash flows from operating activities Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents76)cash at the end of the period77)Less:cash at the beginning of the period78)Plus:cash equivalents at the end of the period79)Less:cash equivalents at the beginning of the period80)Net increase in cash and cash equivalents现金流量表的现金流量声明拟制人：时间：单位：项目1.cash流量从经营活动：01 ）所收到的现金从销售货物或提供劳务02 ）收到的租金增值税销售额收到退款的价值03 ）增值税缴纳04 ）退回的其他税收和征费以外的增值税07 ）其他现金收到有关经营活动08 ）分，总现金流入量09 ）用现金支付的商品和服务10 ）用现金支付经营租赁11 ）用现金支付，并代表员工12 ）增值税购货支付13 ）所得税的缴纳14 ）支付的税款以外的增值税和所得税17 ）其他现金支付有关的经营活动18 ）分，总的现金流出19 ）净经营活动的现金流量2.cash流向与投资活动：20 ）所收到的现金收回投资21 ）所收到的现金从分配股利，利润22 ）所收到的现金从国债利息收入现金净额收到的处置固定资产，无形资产23 ）资产和其他长期资产26 ）其他收到的现金与投资活动27 ）小计的现金流入量用现金支付购建固定资产，无形资产28 ）和其他长期资产29 ）用现金支付，以获取股权投资30 ）用现金支付收购债权投资33 ）其他现金支付的有关投资活动34 ）分，总的现金流出35 ）的净现金流量，投资活动产生3.cash流量筹资活动：36 ）的收益，从发行股票37 ）的收益，由发行债券38 ）的收益，由借款41 ）其他收益有关的融资活动42 ），小计的现金流入量43 ）的现金偿还债务所支付的44 ）现金支付的费用，对任何融资活动45 ）支付现金，分配股利或利润46 ）以现金支付的利息费用47 ）以现金支付，融资租赁48 ）以现金支付，减少注册资本51 ）其他现金收支有关的融资活动52 ）分，总的现金流出53 ）的净现金流量从融资活动4.effect的外汇汇率变动对现金增加现金和现金等价物补充资料1.investing活动和筹资活动，不参与现金收款和付款56 ）偿还债务的转让固定资产57 ）偿还债务的转移投资58 ）投资在形成固定资产59 ）偿还债务的转移库存量2.reconciliation净利润现金流量从经营活动62 ）净利润63 ）补充规定的坏帐或不良债务注销64 ）固定资产折旧65 ）无形资产摊销损失处置固定资产，无形资产66 ）和其他长期资产（或减：收益）67 ）损失固定资产报废68 ）财务费用69 ）引起的损失由投资管理（或减：收益）70 ）defered税收抵免（或减：借记卡）71 ）减少存货（或减：增加）72 ）减少经营性应收（或减：增加）73 ）增加的经营应付账款（或减：减少）74 ）净支付的增值税（或减：收益净额75 ）净经营活动的现金流量增加现金和现金等价物76 ）的现金，在此期限结束77 ）减：现金期开始78 ）加：现金等价物在此期限结束79 ）减：现金等价物期开始80 ），净增加现金和现金等价物。
四大财务报表中英文对照
四大财务报表中英文对照全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：四大财务报表是每家公司每年都要制作的重要财务文件，它们记录着公司在一定期间内的财务业绩和资产负债状况。
这四大财务报表分别是资产负债表（Balance Sheet）、损益表（Income Statement）、现金流量表（Cash Flow Statement）和股东权益变动表（Statement of Changes in Equity）。
下面将为您详细介绍这四大财务报表的中英文对照。
一、资产负债表（Balance Sheet）资产负债表是衡量公司财务状况的重要指标，它展示了公司在特定日期的资产、负债和所有者权益的情况。
资产负债表的中英文对照如下：中文：资产负债表英文：Balance Sheet资产（Assets）：1. 流动资产（Current Assets）2. 非流动资产（Non-current Assets）负债和所有者权益（Liabilities and Equity）：1. 流动负债（Current Liabilities）2. 非流动负债（Non-current Liabilities）3. 所有者权益（Equity）资产负债表将公司的资产按照流动性和长期性分类，并将公司的负债和所有者权益细分为流动负债、非流动负债和所有者权益，以展示公司的资产负债结构。
二、损益表（Income Statement）损益表是公司在一定期间内的收入、成本和利润情况的总结，展示了公司的盈利能力。
损益表的中英文对照如下：中文：损益表英文：Income Statement收入（Revenue）：1. 销售收入（Sales Revenue）2. 其他收入（Other Revenue）成本（Expenses）：1. 销售成本（Cost of Goods Sold）2. 营业费用（Operating Expenses）3. 税前利润（Profit Before Tax）利润（Profit）：1. 税后利润（Net Profit）损益表记录了公司在一段时间内的总收入、总成本和净利润，帮助投资者和管理层了解公司的盈利能力。
资产负债表中英文对照（集）
资产负债表中英文对照（集）2012-3-23资产Assets流动资产Current assets货币资金Cash at bank and on hand交易性金融资产Financial assets held for trading应收票据Notes receivable应收账款Accounts receivable预付款项Advances to suppliers应收利息Interest receivable应收股利Dividends receivable其他应收款Other receivables存货Inventories一年内到期的非流动Current portion of non-current assets 资产其他流动资产Other current assets流动资产合计Total current assets非流动资产Non-current assets可供出售金融资产Available-for-sale financial assets 持有至到期投资Held-to-maturity investments长期应收款Long-term receivables长期股权投资Long-term equity investments投资性房地产Investment properties固定资产Fixed assets在建工程Construction in progress工程物资Construction materials固定资产清理Fixed assets pending for disposal 生产性生物资产Bearer biological assets油气资产Oil and gas assets无形资产Intangible assets开发支出Development costs商誉Goodwill长期待摊费用Long-term prepaid expenses递延所得税资产Deferred tax assets其他非流动资产Other non-current assets非流动资产合计Total non-current assets资产总计Total assets负债及所有者权益Liabilities and owners’ equity 流动负债Current liabilities短期借款Short-term borrowings交易性金融负债Financial liabilities held for trading应付票据Notes payable应付账款Accounts payable预收款项Advances from customers应付职工薪酬Employee benefits payable应交税费Taxes payable应付利息Interest payable应付股利Dividends payable其他应收款Other payables一年内到期的非流动Current portion of non-current liabilities 负债其他流动负债Other non-current liabilities流动负债合计Total current liabilities非流动负债Non-current liabilities长期借款Long-term borrowings应付债券Debentures payable长期应付款Long-term payable专项应付款Payables for specific projects预计负债Provisions递延所得税负债Deferred tax liabilities其他非流动负债Other non-current liabilities非流动负债合计Total non-current liabilities负债合计Total liabilities所有者权益Owners’ equity实收资本Paid-in capital资本公积Capital surplus盈余公积Surplus reserve未分配利润Undistributed profits外币报表折算差额Difference on translation of foreign currency financial statements归属于母公司所有者权益合计Total equity attributable to equity holders of the Company少数股东权益Minority interest所有者权益合计Total owners’ equity负债及所有者权益合计Total liabilities and owners’ equity 资产负债表中英文对照中英文资产负债表对照2011-01-07 16:58 来源：互联网。
银行资产负债表中英文对照
银行资产负债表中英文对照1 资产assets11～12 流动资产current assets111 现金及约当现金cash and cash equivalents1111 库存现金cash on hand1112 零用金/周转金petty cash/revolving funds1113 银行存款cash in banks1116 在途现金cash in transit1117 约当现金cash equivalents1118 其它现金及约当现金other cash and cash equivalents112 短期投资short—term investment1121 短期投资—股票short-term investments - stock1122 短期投资-短期票券short-term investments — short-term notes and bills1123 短期投资—政府债券short—term investments - government bonds 1124 短期投资-受益凭证short—term investments — beneficiary certificates 1125 短期投资-公司债short-term investments — corporate bonds1128 短期投资-其它short-term investments - other1129 备抵短期投资跌价损失allowance for reduction of short—term investment to market113 应收票据notes receivable1131 应收票据notes receivable1132 应收票据贴现discounted notes receivable1137 应收票据—关系人notes receivable — related parties1138 其它应收票据other notes receivable1139 备抵呆帐－应收票据allowance for uncollec— tible accounts— notes receivable114 应收帐款accounts receivable1141 应收帐款accounts receivable1142 应收分期帐款installment accounts receivable1147 应收帐款-关系人accounts receivable - related parties1149 备抵呆帐－应收帐款allowance for uncollec— tible accounts - accounts receivable118 其它应收款other receivables1181 应收出售远汇款forward exchange contract receivable1182 应收远汇款—外币forward exchange contract receivable - foreign currencies1183 买卖远汇折价discount on forward ex-change contract1184 应收收益earned revenue receivable1185 应收退税款income tax refund receivable1187 其它应收款- 关系人other receivables - related parties1188 其它应收款—其它other receivables — other1189 备抵呆帐—其它应收款allowance for uncollec— tible accounts - other receivables121～122 存货inventories1211 商品存货merchandise inventory1212 寄销商品consigned goods1213 在途商品goods in transit1219 备抵存货跌价损失allowance for reduction of inventory to market1221 制成品finished goods1222 寄销制成品consigned finished goods1223 副产品by-products1224 在制品work in process1225 委外加工work in process — outsourced1226 原料raw materials1227 物料supplies1228 在途原物料materials and supplies in transit1229 备抵存货跌价损失allowance for reduction of inventory to market125 预付费用prepaid expenses1251 预付薪资prepaid payroll1252 预付租金prepaid rents1253 预付保险费prepaid insurance1254 用品盘存office supplies1255 预付所得税prepaid income tax1258 其它预付费用other prepaid expenses126 预付款项prepayments1261 预付货款prepayment for purchases1268 其它预付款项other prepayments128~129 其它流动资产other current assets1281 进项税额VAT paid ( or input tax）1282 留抵税额excess VAT paid （or overpaid VAT)1283 暂付款temporary payments1284 代付款payment on behalf of others1285 员工借支advances to employees1286 存出保证金refundable deposits1287 受限制存款certificate of deposit-restricted1291 递延所得税资产deferred income tax assets1292 递延兑换损失deferred foreign exchange losses1293 业主(股东）往来owners（stockholders) current account1294 同业往来current account with others1298 其它流动资产—其它other current assets — other13 基金及长期投资funds and long-term investments131 基金funds1311 偿债基金redemption fund (or sinking fund)1312 改良及扩充基金fund for improvement and expansion1313 意外损失准备基金contingency fund1314 退休基金pension fund1318 其它基金other funds132 长期投资long-term investments1321 长期股权投资long—term equity investments1322 长期债券投资long—term bond investments1323 长期不动产投资long-term real estate in-vestments1324 人寿保险现金解约价值cash surrender value of life insurance1328 其它长期投资other long—term investments1329 备抵长期投资跌价损失allowance for excess of cost over market value of long-term investments14~ 15 固定资产property ，plant, and equipment141 土地land1411 土地land1418 土地-重估增值land - revaluation increments142 土地改良物land improvements1421 土地改良物land improvements1428 土地改良物-重估增值land improvements - revaluation increments 1429 累积折旧—土地改良物accumulated depreciation — land improvements143 房屋及建物buildings1431 房屋及建物buildings1438 房屋及建物—重估增值buildings —revaluation increments1439 累积折旧-房屋及建物accumulated depreciation - buildings144~146 机（器)具及设备machinery and equipment1441 机(器）具machinery1448 机（器）具—重估增值machinery - revaluation increments1449 累积折旧—机(器)具accumulated depreciation - machinery151 租赁资产leased assets1511 租赁资产leased assets1519 累积折旧—租赁资产accumulated depreciation — leased assets152 租赁权益改良leasehold improvements1521 租赁权益改良leasehold improvements1529 累积折旧—租赁权益改良accumulated depreciation - leasehold improvements156 未完工程及预付购置设备款construction in progress and prepayments for equipment1561 未完工程construction in progress1562 预付购置设备款prepayment for equipment158 杂项固定资产miscellaneous property，plant，and equipment1581 杂项固定资产miscellaneous property, plant, and equipment1588 杂项固定资产-重估增值miscellaneous property, plant，and equipment — revaluation increments1589 累积折旧- 杂项固定资产accumulated depreciation - miscellaneous property，plant, and equipment16 递耗资产depletable assets161 递耗资产depletable assets1611 天然资源natural resources1618 天然资源-重估增值natural resources —revaluation increments1619 累积折耗-天然资源accumulated depletion — natural resources17 无形资产intangible assets171 商标权trademarks1711 商标权trademarks172 专利权patents1721 专利权patents173 特许权franchise1731 特许权franchise174 著作权copyright1741 著作权copyright175 计算机软件computer software1751 计算机软件computer software cost176 商誉goodwill1761 商誉goodwill177 开办费organization costs1771 开办费organization costs178 其它无形资产other intangibles1781 递延退休金成本deferred pension costs1782 租赁权益改良leasehold improvements1788 其它无形资产-其它other intangible assets — other18 其它资产other assets181 递延资产deferred assets1811 债券发行成本deferred bond issuance costs1812 长期预付租金long—term prepaid rent1813 长期预付保险费long-term prepaid insurance1814 递延所得税资产deferred income tax assets1815 预付退休金prepaid pension cost1818 其它递延资产other deferred assets182 闲置资产idle assets1821 闲置资产idle assets184 长期应收票据及款项与催收帐款long—term notes , accounts and overdue receivables1841 长期应收票据long—term notes receivable1842 长期应收帐款long-term accounts receivable1843 催收帐款overdue receivables1847 长期应收票据及款项与催收帐款-关系人long—term notes, accounts and overdue receivables— related parties1848 其它长期应收款项other long-term receivables1849 备抵呆帐—长期应收票据及款项与催收帐款allowance for uncollectible accounts — long-term notes，accounts and overdue receivables185 出租资产assets leased to others1851 出租资产assets leased to others1858 出租资产—重估增值assets leased to others - incremental value from revaluation1859 累积折旧-出租资产accumulated depreciation — assets leased to others186 存出保证金refundable deposit1861 存出保证金refundable deposits188 杂项资产miscellaneous assets1881 受限制存款certificate of deposit - restricted1888 杂项资产-其它miscellaneous assets — other2 负债liabilities21~ 22 流动负债current liabilities211 短期借款short—term borrowings(debt）2111 银行透支bank overdraft2112 银行借款bank loan2114 短期借款—业主short-term borrowings - owners2115 短期借款—员工short—term borrowings — employees2117 短期借款-关系人short-term borrowings— related parties2118 短期借款-其它short-term borrowings — other212 应付短期票券short-term notes and bills payable2121 应付商业本票commercial paper payable2122 银行承兑汇票bank acceptance2128 其它应付短期票券other short-term notes and bills payable2129 应付短期票券折价discount on short-term notes and bills payable213 应付票据notes payable2131 应付票据notes payable2137 应付票据—关系人notes payable - related parties2138 其它应付票据other notes payable214 应付帐款accounts pay able2141 应付帐款accounts payable2147 应付帐款—关系人accounts payable — related parties216 应付所得税income taxes payable2161 应付所得税income tax payable217 应付费用accrued expenses2171 应付薪工accrued payroll2172 应付租金accrued rent payable2173 应付利息accrued interest payable2174 应付营业税accrued VAT payable2175 应付税捐—其它accrued taxes payable— other2178 其它应付费用other accrued expenses payable218～219 其它应付款other payables2181 应付购入远汇款forward exchange contract payable2182 应付远汇款—外币forward exchange contract payable - foreign currencies2183 买卖远汇溢价premium on forward exchange contract2184 应付土地房屋款payables on land and building purchased2185 应付设备款Payables on equipment2187 其它应付款—关系人other payables — related parties2191 应付股利dividend payable2192 应付红利bonus payable2193 应付董监事酬劳compensation payable to directors and supervisors 2198 其它应付款—其它other payables - other226 预收款项advance receipts2261 预收货款sales revenue received in advance2262 预收收入revenue received in advance2268 其它预收款other advance receipts227 一年或一营业周期内到期长期负债long—term liabilities -current portion 2271 一年或一营业周期内到期公司债corporate bonds payable - current portion2272 一年或一营业周期内到期长期借款long—term loans payable — current portion2273 一年或一营业周期内到期长期应付票据及款项long-term notes and accounts payable due within one year or one operating cycle2277 一年或一营业周期内到期长期应付票据及款项—关系人long—term notes and accounts payables to related parties - current portion2278 其它一年或一营业周期内到期长期负债other long—term lia- bilities —current portion228～229 其它流动负债other current liabilities2281 销项税额VAT received(or output tax)2283 暂收款temporary receipts2284 代收款receipts under custody2285 估计售后服务/保固负债estimated warranty liabilities2291 递延所得税负债deferred income tax liabilities2292 递延兑换利益deferred foreign exchange gain2293 业主(股东）往来owners current account2294 同业往来current account with others2298 其它流动负债—其它other current liabilities - others23 长期负债long—term liabilities231 应付公司债corporate bonds payable2311 应付公司债corporate bonds payable2319 应付公司债溢(折)价premium（discount) on corporate bonds payable 232 长期借款long-term loans payable2321 长期银行借款long—term loans payable - bank2324 长期借款—业主long—term loans payable — owners2325 长期借款-员工long-term loans payable — employees2327 长期借款—关系人long—term loans payable — related parties2328 长期借款-其它long-term loans payable - other233 长期应付票据及款项long—term notes and accounts payable2331 长期应付票据long-term notes payable2332 长期应付帐款long-term accounts pay-able2333 长期应付租赁负债long-term capital lease liabilities2337 长期应付票据及款项-关系人Long—term notes and accounts payable - related parties2338 其它长期应付款项other long—term payables234 估计应付土地增值税accrued liabilities for land value increment tax2341 估计应付土地增值税estimated accrued land value incremental taxpay-able235 应计退休金负债accrued pension liabilities2351 应计退休金负债accrued pension liabilities238 其它长期负债other long-term liabilities2388 其它长期负债—其它other long-term liabilities - other28 其它负债other liabilities281 递延负债deferred liabilities2811 递延收入deferred revenue2814 递延所得税负债deferred income tax liabilities2818 其它递延负债other deferred liabilities286 存入保证金deposits received2861 存入保证金guarantee deposit received288 杂项负债miscellaneous liabilities2888 杂项负债—其它miscellaneous liabilities财务报表词汇Turnover 营业额Other operating income其他经营收入General and administrative expenses一般及行政开支Loss from operations经营亏损Finance costs融资成本Loss before taxation除税前亏损Taxation税项Loss after taxation除税后亏损Minority interests少数股东权益Net loss for the period期内亏损净额Loss per share (HK cent）Basic每股亏损(港仙）基本Non-current assets非流动资产Current assets流动资产Current liabilities 流动负债Net current liabilities 流动负债净额Total assets less current liabilities 总资产减流动负债Non—current liabilities非流动负债consolidated profit and loss account 综合损益帐consolidated balance sheets 综合资产负债表Attributable to：Equity holders of the parent下列人仕应占：母公司股权持有人Loss attributable to shareholders 股东应占亏损Prepaid lease payment 预付租金Goodwill 商誉Inventories 存货Trade and other receivables, deposits and prepayment 应收帐款及其他应收款项、按金及预付款项Loans and interest receivables 贷款及应收利息Pledged bank deposit 已抵押银行存款Bank balances and cash 银行结存及现金Segment results 分类业绩Unallocated expenses 不分类开支Realized （loss）on investment in securities证券投资之变现( 亏损）At beginning of year 年初Revaluation deficit charged to profit and loss account於损益账中扣除之重估减值At balance sheet date 於结算日Additions 添置Accumulated amortisation 累计摊销Net book value 账面净值Raw materials 原料Work in progress 在制品Finished goods 制成品Trade and bills receivables 应收账款及应收票据Provision for doubtful debts 呆账拨备Cash and bank balances 现金及银行结存Time deposits 定期储蓄Bank overdrafts，unsecured 银行透支、无抵押Trust receipt loans，unsecured 信托收据贷款、无抵押Current portion of bank loans 银行贷款之短期部份Purchase consideration 收购之对价Issue of new shares 发行新股Surplus in fair value of shares issued 发行股份之溢价Fair value of consideration 收购之公允价值Direct costs relating to the acquisition settled in cash有关收购之直接现金成本Total acquisition costs 总收购成本Fair value of acquired net assets and intangible assets购入之净资产及无形资产之公允价值Surplus on revaluation before reclassification重新分类前之重估盈余Exchange adjustments 滙兑调整Written back on disposals 因出售而拨回Written back of impairment loss on disposals因出售而拨回减值亏损Freehold 永久业权Demand deposits and current deposits 活期及往来账户存款Savings deposits 储蓄存款Time，call and notice deposits 定期、即期及短期通知存款Negative fair value of derivatives 衍生工具的负公允价值Designated at fair value through profit or loss指定为通过损益以反映公允价值Non—trading 非交易用途Certificates of Deposit Issued 已发行存款证Depreciation allowances in excess of related depreciation折旧免税额超过有关折旧Cash flow hedge 现金流量对冲Non—trading debt securities issued 非交易性已发行债务证券Interests in jointly controlled entities 於共同控制实体的权益Derivative assets 衍生资产Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss按公平值列帐及於损益表处理之财务资产Bank balances and cash 银行结余及现金Time charter equivalent earnings 按期租合约对等基准的收入Share of profits less losses of jointly controlled entities应占共同控制实体溢利减亏损Currency translation differences 汇兑差额fair value losses of cash flow hedges 现金流量对冲的公平值亏损Net loss recognised directly in equity 在权益直接确认的净亏损Shares issued upon exercise of share options於行使认股权时发行的股份Shares purchased by trustee of the LTIS长期奖励计划受托人购入的股份Shares transferred to employees upon granting of restricted share awards 於授出有限制股份奖励后转予雇员的股份Shares issued and transferred to employees upon granting of restricted share awards於授出有限制股份奖励后发行及转予雇员的股份Shares transferred back to trustee upon lapse of restricted share awards 於有限制股份奖励失效后回拨至受托人的股份Share—based compensation 以股权支付的补偿其他还有：current ratio 流动比率=流动资产/流动负债quick ratio 速动比率=速动资产/流动负债debt ratio 负债比率=负债总额/资产总额debt to equity 负债权益比率=带息负债/（负债+所有者权益）dividend payout ratio 股息支付率=普通股股息/普通股净收益net working capital营运资金净值=流动资产—流动负债gross margin 毛利率=（销售收入—已销售商品成本）/销售收入operation margin营业利润率=息税前利润（EBIT）/销售收入profit margin 边际利润率=净利润/销售收入也叫return on salereturn on assets 资产报酬率return on equity 权益报酬率asset turnover 资产周转率=销售收入/资产平均余额EPS= earning per share 每股收益P/E=price/earning 市盈率ROE = Return on Assets 资产报酬率ROAE = Return on Assets Employed 占用资产报酬率ROCE = return on capital employed 占用资本报酬率ROC = return on capital 资本报酬率IRR = internal return rate内部报酬率法DCF = discount cash flow贴现现金流量法NPV = net present value 净现值CFROI = cash flow return on investment 投资现金流回报EBIT = earning before interest & tax息税前收入Net debt/total assets 有息负债率有息负债是指扣除应付工资福利费等无利息负担后的债务Net Gearing= Net Debt / Equity 杠杆作用, 有息负债与所有者权益的比率有时候负债权益比是用长期负债与普通股权益相比的Depreciation and amortization 折旧和摊削折旧费还有个说法叫committed capacity costamortization of deferred expenditure 递延费用摊削Proforma = 估计/非正式。
资产负债表中英文对照版
会计从业、初级、中级题库下载：/ztalldown/?wenku资产负债表中英文对照版企业财务会计报表封面 FINANCIAL REPORT COVER报表所属期间之期末时间点 Period Ended所属月份 Reporting Period报出日期 Submit Date记账本位币币种 Local Reporting Currency审核人 Verifier填表人 Preparer二、资产负债表 Balance Sheet资产 Assets流动资产 Current Assets货币资金 Bank and Cash短期投资 Current Investment一年内到期委托贷款 Entrusted loan receivable due within one year减：一年内到期委托贷款减值准备 Less: Impairment for Entrusted loan receivable due within one year减：短期投资跌价准备 Less: Impairment for current investment短期投资净额 Net bal of current investment会计从业、初级、中级题库下载：/ztalldown/?wenku 应收票据 Notes receivable应收股利 Dividend receivable应收利息 Interest receivable应收账款 Account receivable减：应收账款坏账准备 Less: Bad debt provision for Account receivable应收账款净额 Net bal of Account receivable其他应收款 Other receivable减：其他应收款坏账准备 Less: Bad debt provision for Other receivable其他应收款净额 Net bal of Other receivable预付账款 Prepayment应收补贴款 Subsidy receivable存货 Inventory减：存货跌价准备 Less: Provision for Inventory存货净额 Net bal of Inventory已完工尚未结算款 Amount due from customer for contract work待摊费用 Deferred Expense一年内到期的长期债权投资 Long-term debt investment due within one year一年内到期的应收融资租赁款 Finance lease receivables due within one year其他流动资产 Other current assets流动资产合计 Total current assets会计从业、初级、中级题库下载：/ztalldown/?wenku 长期投资 Long-term investment长期股权投资 Long-term equity investment委托贷款 Entrusted loan receivable长期债权投资 Long-term debt investment长期投资合计 Total for long-term investment减：长期股权投资减值准备 Less: Impairment for long-term equity investment减：长期债权投资减值准备 Less: Impairment for long-term debt investment减：委托贷款减值准备 Less: Provision for entrusted loan receivable长期投资净额 Net bal of long-term investment其中：合并价差 Include: Goodwill (Negative goodwill)固定资产 Fixed assets固定资产原值 Cost减：累计折旧 Less: Accumulated Depreciation固定资产净值 Net bal减：固定资产减值准备 Less: Impairment for fixed assets固定资产净额 NBV of fixed assets工程物资 Material holds for construction of fixed assets在建工程 Construction in progress减：在建工程减值准备 Less: Impairment for construction in progress在建工程净额 Net bal of construction in progress固定资产清理 Fixed assets to be disposed of会计从业、初级、中级题库下载：/ztalldown/?wenku 固定资产合计 Total fixed assets无形资产及其他资产 Other assets & Intangible assets无形资产 Intangible assets减：无形资产减值准备 Less: Impairment for intangible assets无形资产净额 Net bal of intangible assets长期待摊费用 Long-term deferred expense融资租赁——未担保余值 Finance lease – Unguaranteed residual values融资租赁——应收融资租赁款 Finance lease – Receivables其他长期资产 Other non-current assets无形及其他长期资产合计 Total other assets & intangible assets递延税项 Deferred Tax递延税款借项 Deferred Tax assets资产总计 Total assets负债及所有者(或股东)权益 Liability & Equity流动负债 Current liability短期借款 Short-term loans应付票据 Notes payable应付账款 Accounts payable已结算尚未完工款预收账款 Advance from customers会计从业、初级、中级题库下载：/ztalldown/?wenku 应付工资 Payroll payable应付福利费 Welfare payable应付股利 Dividend payable应交税金 Taxes payable其他应交款 Other fees payable其他应付款 Other payable预提费用 Accrued Expense预计负债 Provision递延收益 Deferred Revenue一年内到期的长期负债 Long-term liability due within one year其他流动负债 Other current liability流动负债合计 Total current liability长期负债 Long-term liability长期借款 Long-term loans应付债券 Bonds payable长期应付款 Long-term payable专项应付款 Grants & Subsidies received其他长期负债 Other long-term liability长期负债合计 Total long-term liability递延税项 Deferred Tax递延税款贷项 Deferred Tax liabilities会计从业、初级、中级题库下载：/ztalldown/?wenku 负债合计 Total liability少数股东权益 Minority interests所有者权益(或股东权益) Owners’ Equity实收资本(或股本) Paid in capital减;已归还投资 Less: Capital redemption实收资本(或股本)净额 Net bal of Paid in capital资本公积 Capital Reserves盈余公积 Surplus Reserves其中：法定公益金 Include: Statutory reserves未确认投资损失 Unrealised investment losses未分配利润 Retained profits after appropriation其中：本年利润 Include: Profits for the year外币报表折算差额 Translation reserve所有者(或股东)权益合计 Total Equity负债及所有者(或股东)权益合计 Total Liability & Equity。
资产负债表中英文对照(Word最新版)
资产负债表中英文比照通过整理的资产负债表中英文比照相关文档，渴望对大家有所扶植，感谢观看！资产assets11~ 12 流淌资产curre nt assets现金及约当现金cash and cash equivale nts库存现金cash on hand零用金/周转金petty cash/revolving funds银行存款cash in banks在途现金cash in tran sit约当现金cash equivale nts其它现金及约当现金other cash and cash equivale nts短期投资short-term in vestme nts短期投资-股票short-term investments - stock短期投资-短期票券short-term in vestme nts - short-term n otes and bills短期投资-政府债券short-term in vestme nts - governme nt bon ds短期投资-受益凭证short-term in vestme nts - ben eficiary certificates短期投资-公司债short-term in vestme nts - corporate bonds短期投资-其它short-term investments - other备抵短期投资跌价损失allowa nee for reductio n of short-term in vestme nt to market 应收票据no tes receivable1131 应收票据no tes receivable1132 应收票据贴现discou nted no tes receivable应收票据-关系人n otes receivable - related parties其它应收票据other n otes receivable备抵呆帐—应收票据allowa nee for un collectible accou nts- no tes receivable应收帐款accou nts receivable1141 应收帐款accou nts receivable1142 应收分期帐款in stallme nt accou nts receivable1147 应收帐款-关系人accou nts receivable - related parties1149 备抵呆帐一应收帐款allowa nee for un collec- tible acco unts - acco unts receivable 118 其它应收款other receivables 118211831184118511871188118911821183118411851187118811891181 应收出售远汇款forward excha nge con tract receivable应收远汇款-夕卜币forward excha nge contract receivable - foreig n curre ncies买卖远汇折价应收收益应收退税款其它应收款其它应收款disco unt on forward ex-cha nge con tract earned reve nue receivablein come tax refund receivable-关系人-其它备抵呆帐-其它应收款other receivables - related partiesother receivables - otherallowa nee for un collec- tible acco unts - other receivables 121?122 存货inventories商品存货mercha ndise inventory寄销商品con sig ned goods在途商品goods in tran sit1219 备抵存货跌价损失allowa nee for reduction of inven tory to market制成品fini shed goods寄销制成品con sig ned fin ished goods副产品by-products在制品work in process委外加工work in process - outsourced原料raw materials物料supplies在途原物料materials and supplies in tran sit 备抵存货跌价损失allowanee for reduction of inventory to market 预付费用prepaid expenses预付薪资prepaid payroll预付租金prepaid rents预付保险费prepaid in sura nee用品盘存office supplies预付所得税prepaid in come tax1258 其它预付费用other prepaid expenses 预付款项prepayments1261 预付货款prepayme nt for purchases 1268 其它预付款项other prepayments128~129 其它流淌资产other current assets 进项税额VAT paid ( or in put tax)留抵税额excess VAT paid (or overpaid V AT) 暂付款temporary payments代付款payment on behalf of others员工借支advances to employees存出保证金refundable deposits受限制存款certificate of deposit-restricted递延所得税资产deferred in come tax assets递延兑换损失deferred foreig n excha nge losses业主(股东)往来owners'(stockholders') current account同业往来current account with others 1298 其它流淌资产-其它other current assets - other13 基金及长期投资funds and Ion g-term in vestme nts131 基金fun ds偿债基金redempti on fund （or sinking fund）改良及扩充基金fund for improvement and expansion意外损失打算基金contingency fund退休基金pension fund1318 其它基金other funds132 长期投资Ion g-term in vestme nts长期股权投资Ion g-term equity in vestme nts长期债券投资Ion g-term bo nd in vestme nts长期不动产投资Ion g-term real estate in-vestme nts人寿保险现金解约价值cash surre nder value of life in sura nee其它长期投资other Iong-term investments备抵长期投资跌价损失aIIowanee for excess of cost over market vaIue of Iong-term in vestme nts14~ 15 固定资产property , pIant, and equipment141 土地land1411 土地land1418 土地-重估增值land - revaluation in creme nts142 土地改良物land improveme nts1421 土地改良物land improveme nts土地改良物-重估增值land improveme nts - revaluation in creme nts累积折旧-土地改良物accumulated depreciati on -la nd improveme nts143房屋及建物buildings1431房屋及建物buildi ngs房屋及建物-重估增值buildi ngs -revaluation in creme nts累积折旧-房屋及建物accumulated depreciation - buildi ngs144~146 机（器）具及设备machinery and equipment 1441 机（器）具machi nery机（器）具-重估增值mach in ery - revaluati on in creme nts累积折旧-机（器）具accumulated depreciati on - mach inery租赁资产leased assets1511 租赁资产leased assets1519 累积折旧-租赁资产accumulated depreciati on -leased assets租赁权益改良leasehold improveme nts1521 租赁权益改良leasehold improveme nts1529 累积折旧- 租赁权益改良accumulated depreciation -leasehold improvements156 未完工程及预付购置设备款con struct ion in progress and prepayme nts for equipme nt1561 未完工程con struct ion in progress1562 预付购置设备款prepayment for equipment158 杂项固定资产miscellaneous property, plant, and equipment 1581 杂项固定资产miscella neous property, pla nt, and equipme nt杂项固定资产-重估增值miscellaneous property, plant, and equipment - revaluationin creme nts累积折旧- 杂项固定资产accumulated depreciation - miscellaneous property, plant, and equipme nt递耗资产depletable assets161 递耗资产depletable assets1611 自然资源n atural resources自然资源-重估增值n atural resources -revaluatio n in creme nts 累积折耗-自然资源accumulated depleti on - n atural resources无形资产intan gible assets商标权trademarks1711 商标权trademarks专利权patents1721 专利权pate nts特许权franchise1731 特许权fran chise著作权copyright1741 著作权copyright计算机软件computer software1751 计算机软件computer software cost商誉goodwill1761 商誉goodwill开办费organization costs1771 开办费orga ni zati on costs其它无形资产other intangibles1781 递延退休金成本deferred pen sion costs1782 租赁权益改良leasehold improveme nts1788 其它无形资产-其它other intangible assets - other其它资产other assets181 递延资产deferred assets债券发行成本deferred bo nd issua nee costs 长期预付租金Ion g-term prepaid rent长期预付保险费Ion g-term prepaid in sura nee递延所得税资产deferred in come tax assets 预付退休金prepaid pen sion cost1818 其它递延资产other deferred assets182 闲置资产idle assets1821 闲置资产idle assets长期应收票据及款项与催收帐款Ion g-term n otes , accou nts and overdue receivables 长期应收票据Ion g-term n otes receivable长期应收帐款Ion g-term accou nts receivable催收帐款overdue receivables长期应收票据及款项与催收帐款-关系人Iong-term notes, accounts and overdue receivables- related parties其它长期应收款项other Iong-term receivables备抵呆帐-长期应收票据及款项与催收帐款allowanee for uncollectible accounts -Ion g-term no tes, acco unts and overdue receivables 出租资产assets leased to others1851 出租资产assets leased to others出租资产-重估增值assets leased to others -incremental value from revaluation 累积折旧-出租资产accumulated depreciati on - assets leased to others存出保证金refundable deposit1861 存出保证金refun dable deposits188 杂项资产miscellaneous assets1881 受限制存款certificate of deposit - restricted1888 杂项资产-其它miscella neous assets - other负债liabilities21~ 22 流淌负债current liabilities短期借款short-term borrowi ngs(debt)2111 银行透支bank overdraft2112银行借款bank loan短期借款-业主short-term borrow ings - owners短期借款-员工short-term borrow ings - employees短期借款-关系人short-term borrow in gs- related parties短期借款-其它short-term borrow in gs - other应付短期票券short-term notes and bills payable2121 应付商业本票commercial pap er payable2122 银行承兑汇票bank accepta nee其它应付短期票券other short-term notes and bills payable应付短期票券折价discou nt on short-term n otes and bills payable 应付票据notes payable2131 应付票据notes payable应付票据-关系人notes payable - related parties 其它应付票据other n otes payable应付帐款accounts pay able2141 应付帐款accou nts payable2147 应付帐款-关系人accounts payable - related parties 应付所得税in come taxes payable2161 应付所得税in come tax payable应付费用accrued expenses应付薪工accrued payroll应付租金accrued ren t payable应付利息accrued interest payable应付营业税accrued VAT payable应付税捐-其它accrued taxes payable- other2178 其它应付费用other accrued expenses payable218~219 其它应付款other payables应付购入远汇款forward excha nge contract payable23322332 长期应付帐款Ion g-term accou nts pay-able应付远汇款-外币forward excha nge contract payable - foreig n curre ncies 买卖远汇溢价premium on forward exchange contract应付土地房屋款payables on land and building purchased应付设备款Payables on equipme nt2187 其它应付款-关系人other payables - related parties 应付股利divide nd payable应付红利bo nus payable应付董监事酬劳compensation payable to directors and supervisors2198 其它应付款-其它other payables - other预收款项advanee receipts2261 预收货款sales revenue received in adva nee2262 预收收入revenue received in advanee2268 其它预收款other advanee receipts一年或一营业周期内到期长期负债Iong-term liabilities -current portion一年或一营业周期内到期公司债corporate bonds payable - curre nt portio n一年或一营业周期内到期长期借款Ion g-term loans payable - curren t portio n一年或一营业周期内到期长期应付票据及款项Ion g-term n otes and accou nts payabledue with in one year or one operat ing cycle2277 一年或一营业周期内到期长期应付票据及款项-关系人Ion g-term notes and accou nts payables to related parties - curre nt porti on2278 其它一年或一营业周期内到期长期负债other Ion g-term lia- bilities - curren t portion228~229 其它流淌负债other current liabilities2281 销项税额VAT received(or output tax)暂收款temporary receipts代收款receipts under custody估计售后服务/保固负债estimated warranty liabilities递延所得税负债deferred in come tax liabilities递延兑换利益deferred foreig n excha nge gain业主(股东)往来owners' current account同业往来current account with others2298 其它流淌负债-其它other current liabilities - others 23 长期负债Ion g-term liabilities应付公司债corporate bonds payable2311 应付公司债corporate bonds payable2319 应付公司债溢(折)价premium(discount) on corporate bonds payable长期借款Ion g-term loa ns payable2321 长期银行借款Ion g-term loa ns payable - bank2324长期借款2325长期借款2327长期借款23282324长期借款2325长期借款2327长期借款2328长期借款-员工Iong-term loans payable - employees-关系人Iong-term loans payable - related parties -其它Iong-term loans payable - other长期应付票据及款项Ion g-term n otes and accou nts payable2331 长期应付票据Ion g-term n otes payable2333长期应付租赁负债23372333长期应付租赁负债2337长期应付票据及款项2338其它长期应付款项other Ion g-term payablesIon g-term capital lease liabilities-关系人Long-term notes and accounts payable - related parties 估计应付土地增值税accrued liabilities for land value in creme nt tax2341 估计应付土地增值税estimated accrued land value in creme ntal tax pay-able应计退休金负债accrued pension liabilities2351 应计退休金负债accrued pen sion liabilities238 其它长期负债other Iong-term liabilities2388 其它长期负债-其它other Iong-term liabilities - other 28 其它负债other liabilities281 递延负债deferred liabilities2811 递延收入deferred reven ue2814 递延所得税负债deferred in come tax liabilities2818 其它递延负债other deferred liabilities286 存入保证金deposits received2861 存入保证金guara ntee deposit received288 杂项负债miscellaneous liabilities2888 杂项负债-其它miscella neous liabilities - other业主权益owners' equity资本capital311资本（或股本）capital一般股股本capital - common stock特殊股股本capital - preferred stock预收股本capital collected in adva nee待安排股票股利stock divide nds to be distributed资本capital资本公积additio nal paid-in capital321 股票溢价paid-i n capital in excess of par3211 一般股股票溢价paid-i n capital in excess of par- com mon stock 3212 特另U股股票溢价paid-i n capital in excess of par- preferred stock 资产重估增值打算capital surplus from assets revaluation3231 资产重估增值打算capital surplus from assets revaluati on处分资产溢价公积capital surplus from gain on disposal of assets3241 处分资产溢价公积capital surplus from gain on disposal of assets合并公积capital surplus from bus in ess comb in ati on3251 合并公积capital surplus from bus in ess comb in ati on受赠公积donated surplus3261 受赠公积don ated surplus328 其它资本公积other additional paid-in capital3281 权益法长期股权投资资本公积additio nal paid-in capital from in vestee un der equity method 3282 资本公积-库藏股票交易additional paid-in capital - treasury stock trans-actions保留盈余（或累积亏损）retained earnings （accumulated deficit）331 法定盈余公积legal reserve3311 法定盈余公积legal reserve332 特殊盈余公积special reserve意外损失打算contin ge ncy reserve改良扩充打算improvement and expansion reserve偿债打算special reserve for redempti on of liabilities3328其它特殊盈余公积other special reserve335 未安排盈余(或累积亏损) retained earnings-unappropriated (or accumulated deficit)累积盈亏accumulated profit or loss前期损益调整prior period adjustments本期损益net in come or loss for curre nt period权益调整equity adjustme nts长期股权投资未实现跌价损失un realized loss on market value decli ne of Ion g-termequity in vestme nts3411 长期股权投资未实现跌价损失un realized loss on market value decli ne ofIon g-term equity in vestme nts累积换算调整数cumulative tran slation adjustme nt 3421 累积换算调整数cumulative tran slation adjustme nts未认列为退休金成本之净损失net loss not recog nized as pen sion cost3431未认列为退休金成本之净损失net loss n ot recog ni zed as pen sion costs库藏股treasury stock351 库藏股treasury stock3511 库藏股treasury stock少数股权minority interest361 少数股权min ority in terest3611 少数股权minority in terest。
什么是资产负债表
什么是资产负债表资产负债表（Balance Sheet）是一份财务报表，以某一特定日期为基准，展示了一个企业或个人在特定时点上的资产、负债和所有者权益的情况。
资产负债表按照特定的格式，将资产、负债和所有者权益分别列示，以呈现一个全面的财务状况。
资产（Assets）指的是企业或个人拥有并能转化为现金或具有经济价值的资源。
资产包括有形资产（如现金、存货、房地产和设备等）、无形资产（如专利、商标和版权等）以及长期投资（如对其他企业的股权投资等）。
负债（Liabilities）是指与企业或个人有关的债务或贷款。
负债可以分为流动负债（如应付账款、短期借款等）和非流动负债（如长期借款、债券等）。
流动负债是指在一年内到期或可转换为现金的债务，非流动负债则对应一年以上的还款期限。
所有者权益（Owner's Equity）也被称为净资产或股东权益，是指企业或个人的净资产，等于资产减去负债。
所有者权益代表了企业或个人在资产净值上的权益，包括投资本金、未分配利润以及其他权益。
资产负债表的基本格式如下：资产负债和所有者权益-------------------------------流动资产流动负债非流动资产非流动负债所有者权益-------------------------------总资产总负债和所有者权益在资产负债表中，资产和负债均按照其预计流动性来划分，以帮助读者了解企业在短期和长期内可用的现金和资源。
流动资产包括现金、应收账款、存货等，它们通常以较高的流动性和较短的转化周期为特点。
非流动资产则包括长期投资、固定资产和无形资产等，这些资产较难以现金形式存在，且转化周期较长。
流动负债主要包括应付账款、短期借款等，这些负债通常在一年内到期或可转换为现金。
非流动负债包括长期借款、债券等，其还款期限一般超过一年。
所有者权益显示了企业的资金来源，包括股东投资和利润积累等。
所有者权益是企业资产净值的一部分，代表了企业所拥有的净资产。
完整中英文对照资产负债表,损益表 ,现金流量表
完整英文版资产负债表、利润表及现金流量表Balance Sheet资产负债表ITEM项目Cash货币资金Short term investments短期投资Notes receivable应收票据Dividend receivable应收股利Interest receivable应收利息Accounts receivable应收帐款Other receivables其他应收款Accounts prepaid预付帐款Future guarantee期货保证金Allowance receivable应收补贴款Export drawback receivable应收出口退税Inventories存货Including:Raw materials其中：原材料Finished goods产成品(库存商品)Prepaid and deferred expenses待摊费用Unsettled G/L on current assets待处理流动资产净损失Long-term debenture investment falling due in a year一年内到期的长期债权投资Other current assets其他流动资产Total current assets流动资产合计Long-term investment：长期投资：Including long term equity investment其中:长期股权投资Long term securities investment长期债权投资Incorporating price difference *合并价差Total long-term investment长期投资合计Fixed assets-cost固定资产原价Less:Accumulated Depreciation减：累计折旧Fixed assets-net value固定资产净值Less:Impairment of fixed assets减：固定资产减值准备Net value of fixed assets固定资产净额Disposal of fixed assets固定资产清理Project material工程物资Construction in Progress在建工程Unsettled G/L on fixed assets待处理固定资产净损失Total tangible assets固定资产合计Intangible assets无形资产Including and use rights其中:土地使用权Deferred assets递延资产（长期待摊费用）Including:Fixed assets repair其中:固定资产修理Improvement expenditure of fixed assets固定资产改良支出Other long term assets其他长期资产Among it:Specially approved reserving materials其中:特准储备物资Total intangible assets and other assets无形及其他资产合计Deferred assets debits递延税款借项Total Assets资产总计Balance Sheet资产负债表(续表)ITEM项目Short-term loans短期借款Notes payable应付票款Accounts payab1e应付帐款Advances from customers预收帐款Accrued wages 应付工资Welfare payable 应付福利费Profits payable应付利润(股利) Taxes payable应交税金Other payable to government其他应交款Other creditors其他应付款Provision for expenses预提费用Accrued liabilities预计负债Long term liabilities due within one year一年内到期的长期负债Other current liabilities其他流动负债Total current liabilities流动负债合计Long-term loans payable长期借款Bonds payable应付债券long-term accounts payable长期应付款Special accounts payable专项应付款Other long-term liabilities其他长期负债Including:Special reserve fund其中:特准储备资金Total long term liabilities长期负债合计Deferred taxation credit递延税款贷项Total liabilities负债合计Minority interests * 少数股东权益Subscribed Capital实收资本(股本)National capital国家资本Collective capital集体资本Legal person’s/ entity capital法人资本Including:State-owned legal person’s capital其中:国有法人资本Collective legal person’s capital集体法人资本Personal capital个人资本Foreign businessmen’s capital外商资本Capital surplus资本公积surplus reserve盈余公积Including:statutory surplus reserve其中:法定盈余公积public welfare fund公益金Supplermentary current capital补充流动资本Unaffirmed investment loss * 未确认的投资损失（以“-”号填列）Retained earnings 未分配利润Converted difference in Foreign Currency Statements外币报表折算差额Total shareholder’s equity所有者权益合计Total Liabilities & Equity负债及所有者权益总计INCOME STATEMENT利润表ITEMS项目Sales of products产品销售收入Including：Export sales其中：出口产品销售收入Less：Sales discount and allowances减：销售折扣与折让Net sales of products产品销售净额Less：Sales tax减：产品销售税金Cost of sales产品销售成本Including：Cost of export sales其中：出口产品销售成本Gross profit on sales产品销售毛利Less：Selling expenses减：销售费用General and administrative expenses管理费用Financial expenses财务费用Including：Interest expenses (minusinterest income)其中：利息支出(减利息收入)Exchange losses(minus exchange gains)汇兑损失(减汇兑收益)Profit on sales产品销售利润Add：profit from other operations加：其他业务利润Operating profit营业利润Add：Income on investment加：投资收益Add：Non-operating income加：营业外收入Less：Non-operating expenses减：营业外支出Add：adjustment of loss and gain for previous years加：以前年度损益调整Total profit利润总额Less：Income tax减：所得税Net profit净利润Cash Flows Statement现金流量表Prepared by:Period: Unit: 拟制人：时间：单位：Items项目1.Cash Flows from Operating Activities: cash流量从经营活动：01)Cash received from sales of goods or rendering of services 所收到的现金从销售货物或提供劳务02)Rental received收到的租金Value added tax on sales received and refunds of value增值税销售额收到退款的价值03)added tax paid增值税缴纳04)Refund of other taxes and levy other than value added tax退回的其他税收和征费以外的增值税07)Other cash received relating to operating activities其他现金收到有关经营活动08)Sub-total of cash inflows分，总现金流入量09)Cash paid for goods and services 用现金支付的商品和服务10)Cash paid for operating leases 用现金支付经营租赁11)Cash paid to and on behalf of employees用现金支付，并代表员工12)Value added tax on purchases paid增值税购货支付13)Income tax paid所得税的缴纳14)Taxes paid other than value added tax and income tax支付的税款以外的增值税和所得税17)Other cash paid relating to operating activities其他现金支付有关的经营活动18)Sub-total of cash outflows分，总的现金流出19)Net cash flows from operating activities净经营活动的现金流量2.Cash Flows from Investing Activities: 所收到的现金收回投资20)Cash received from return of investments 所收到的现金从分配股利，利润21)Cash received from distribution of dividends or profits所收到的现金从国债利息收入22)Cash received from bond interest income现金净额收到的处置固定资产，无形资产Net cash received from disposal of fixed assets,intangiblecash 流向与投资活动23)assets and other long-term assets资产和其他长期资产26)Other cash received relating to investing activities其他收到的现金与投资活动27)Sub-total of cash inflows小计的现金流入量Cash paid to acquire fixed assets,intangible assets用现金支付购建固定资产，无形资产28)and other long-term assets和其他长期资产29)Cash paid to acquire equity investments用现金支付，以获取股权投资30)Cash paid to acquire debt investments 用现金支付收购债权投资33)Other cash paid relating to investing activities 其他现金支付的有关投资活动34)Sub-total of cash outflows 分，总的现金流出35)Net cash flows from investing activities投资活动产生的净现金流量，3.Cash Flows from Financing Activities:cash流量筹资活动：36)Proceeds from issuing shares从发行股票的收益，37)Proceeds from issuing bonds由发行债券的收益，38)Proceeds from borrowings由借款的收益，41)Other proceeds relating to financing activities 其他收益有关的融资活动42)Sub-total of cash inflows 小计的现金流入量43)Cash repayments of amounts borrowed的现金偿还债务所支付的44)Cash payments of expenses on any financing activities 对任何融资活动现金支付的费用，45)Cash payments for distribution of dividends or profits分配股利或利润支付现金，46)Cash payments of interest expenses 以现金支付的利息费用47)Cash payments for finance leases融资租赁以现金支付，48)Cash payments for reduction of registered capital减少注册资本以现金支付，51)Other cash payments relating to financing activities其他现金收支有关的融资活动52)Sub-total of cash outflows分，总的现金流出53)Net cash flows from financing activities从融资活动的净现金流量4.Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate Changes on Cash effect的外汇汇率变动对现金 Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents net增加现金和现金等价物Supplemental Information补充资料1.Investing and Financing Activities that do not Involve in Cash Receipts and Payments不参与现金收款和付款的投资活动和筹资活动56)Repayment of debts by the transfer of fixed assets偿还债务的转让固定资产57)Repayment of debts by the transfer of investments偿还债务的转移投资58)Investments in the form of fixed assets投资在形成固定资产59)Repayments of debts by the transfer of inventories偿还债务的转移库存量2.Reconciliation of Net Profit to Cash Flows from Operating Activities调整的净利润现金流量从经营活动62)Net profit净利润63)Add provision for bad debt or bad debt written off补充规定的坏帐或不良债务注销64)Depreciation of fixed assets固定资产折旧65)Amortization of intangible assets无形资产摊销Losses on disposal of fixed assets,intangible assets 损失处置固定资产，无形资产66)and otherlong-term assets (or deduct:gains) 和其他长期资产（或减：收益）67)Losses on scrapping of fixed assets 损失固定资产报废68)Financial expenses财务费用69)Losses arising from investments (ordeduct:gains) 引起的损失由投资管理（或减：收益）70)Defered tax credit (or deduct:debit)defered税收抵免（或减：借记卡）71)Decrease in inventories (or deduct：increase) 减少存货（或减：增加）72)Decrease in operating receivables (or deduct:increase) 减少经营性应收（或减：增加）73)Increase in operating payables (or deduct:decrease)增加的经营应付账款（或减：减少）74)Net payment on value added tax (or deduct:net receipts净支付的增值税（或减：收益净额75)Net cash flows from operating activities净经营活动的现金流量 Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents net增加现金和现金等价物76)cash at the end of the period 在此期限结束的现金，77)Less:cash at the beginning of the period减：现金期开始78)Plus:cash equivalents at the end of the period加：现金等价物在此期限结束79)Less:cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 减：现金等价物期开始80)Net increase in cash and cash equivalents净增加现金和现金等价物三者之间的钩稽关系有：(1)损益表及利润分配表中的未分配利润=资产负债表中的未分配利润(2)资产负债表中现金及其等价物期末余额与期初余额之差=现金流量表中现金及其等价物净增加(3)利润表中的净销货额—资产负债表中的应收账款(票据）增加额+预收账款增加额=现金流量表中的销售商品、提供劳务收到的现金（4)资产负债表中除现金及其等价物之外的其他各项流动资产和流动负债的增加（减少)额=现金流量表中各相关项目的减少(增加)额。
完整中英文对照资产负债表,损益表 ,现金流量表
完整英文版资产负债表、利润表及现金流量表Balance Sheet 资产负债表ITEM项目Cash 货币资金Short term investments短期投资Notes receivable 应收票据Dividend receivable应收股利Interest receivable应收利息Accounts receivable 应收帐款Other receivables 其他应收款Accounts prepaid预付帐款Future guarantee 期货保证金Allowance receivable 应收补贴款Export drawback receivable应收出口退税Inventories存货Including: Raw materials其中：原材料Finished goods 产成品(库存商品)Prepaid and deferred expenses 待摊费用Unsettled G/L on current assets 待处理流动资产净损失Long-term debenture investment falling due in a year 一年内到期的长期债权投资Other current assets其他流动资产Total current assets 流动资产合计Long-term investment：长期投资：Including long term equity investment 其中:长期股权投资Long term securities investment 长期债权投资Incorporating price difference*合并价差Total long-term investment 长期投资合计Fixed assets-cost 固定资产原价Less: Accumulated Depreciation减：累计折旧Fixed assets-net value 固定资产净值Less: Impairment of fixed assets 减：固定资产减值准备Net value of fixed assets固定资产净额Disposal of fixed assets 固定资产清理Project material 工程物资Construction in Progress在建工程Unsettled G/L on fixed assets 待处理固定资产净损失Total tangible assets 固定资产合计Intangible assets 无形资产Including and use rights 其中:土地使用权Deferred assets 递延资产（长期待摊费用）Including: Fixed assets repair其中:固定资产修理Improvement expenditure of fixed assets固定资产改良支出Other long term assets 其他长期资产Among it: Specially approved reserving materials 其中:特准储备物资Total intangible assets and other assets 无形及其他资产合计Deferred assets debits递延税款借项Total Assets 资产总计Balance Sheet 资产负债表(续表)ITEM 项目Short-term loans短期借款Notes payable 应付票款Accounts payab1e 应付帐款Advances from customers预收帐款Accrued wages 应付工资Welfare payable 应付福利费Profits payable应付利润(股利)Taxes payable应交税金Other payable to government其他应交款Other creditors 其他应付款Provision for expenses预提费用Accrued liabilities 预计负债Long term liabilities due within one year 一年内到期的长期负债Other current liabilities 其他流动负债Total current liabilities 流动负债合计Long-term loans payable长期借款Bonds payable 应付债券long-term accounts payable 长期应付款Special accounts payable专项应付款Other long-term liabilities 其他长期负债Including: Special reserve fund 其中:特准储备资金Total long term liabilities 长期负债合计Deferred taxation credit 递延税款贷项Total liabilities 负债合计Minority interests * 少数股东权益Subscribed Capital 实收资本(股本)National capital 国家资本Collective capital 集体资本Legal person’s/ entity capital法人资本Including: State-owned legal person’s capital其中:国有法人资本Collective legal person’s capital集体法人资本Personal capital 个人资本Foreign businessmen’s capital外商资本Capital surplus 资本公积surplus reserve 盈余公积Including: statutory surplus reserve 其中:法定盈余公积public welfare fund 公益金Supplermentary current capital 补充流动资本Unaffirmed investment loss * 未确认的投资损失（以“-”号填列）Retained earnings 未分配利润Converted difference in Foreign Currency Statements 外币报表折算差额Total share holder’s equity所有者权益合计Total Liabilities & Equity 负债及所有者权益总计INCOME STATEMENT 利润表ITEMS 项目Sales of products 产品销售收入Including：Export sales 其中：出口产品销售收入Less：Sales discount and allowances 减：销售折扣与折让Net sales of products 产品销售净额Less：Sales tax 减：产品销售税金Cost of sales产品销售成本Including：Cost of export sales其中：出口产品销售成本Gross profit on sales产品销售毛利Less：Selling expenses 减：销售费用General and administrative expenses管理费用Financial expenses 财务费用Including：Interest expenses (minus interest income) 其中：利息支出(减利息收入)Exchange losses(minus exchange gains) 汇兑损失(减汇兑收益)Profit on sales 产品销售利润Add：profit from other operations加：其他业务利润Operating profit营业利润Add：Income on investment 加：投资收益Add：Non-operating income 加：营业外收入Less：Non-operating expenses 减：营业外支出Add：adjustment of loss and gain for previous years加：以前年度损益调整Total profit利润总额Less：Income tax 减：所得税Net profit 净利润Cash Flows Statement 现金流量表Prepared by:Period: Unit: 拟制人：时间：单位：Items 项目1.Cash Flows from Operating Activities: cash流量从经营活动：01)Cash received from sales of goods or rendering of services 所收到的现金从销售货物或提供劳务02)Rental received收到的租金Value added tax on sales received and refunds of value增值税销售额收到退款的价值03)added tax paid增值税缴纳04)Refund of other taxes and levy other than value added tax退回的其他税收和征费以外的增值税07)Other cash received relating to operating activities其他现金收到有关经营活动08)Sub-total of cash inflows分，总现金流入量09)Cash paid for goods and services 用现金支付的商品和服务10)Cash paid for operating leases 用现金支付经营租赁11)Cash paid to and on behalf of employees用现金支付，并代表员工12)Value added tax on purchases paid增值税购货支付13)Income tax paid所得税的缴纳14)Taxes paid other than value added tax and income tax支付的税款以外的增值税和所得税17)Other cash paid relating to operating activities其他现金支付有关的经营活动18)Sub-total of cash outflows分，总的现金流出19)Net cash flows from operating activities净经营活动的现金流量2.Cash Flows from Investing Activities: 所收到的现金收回投资20)Cash received from return of investments 所收到的现金从分配股利，利润21)Cash received from distribution of dividends or profits所收到的现金从国债利息收入22)Cash received from bond interest income 现金净额收到的处置固定资产，无形资产Net cash received from disposal of fixed assets, intangible cash流向与投资活动23)assets and other long-term assets 资产和其他长期资产26)Other cash received relating to investing activities其他收到的现金与投资活动27)Sub-total of cash inflows小计的现金流入量Cash paid to acquire fixed assets, intangible assets用现金支付购建固定资产，无形资产28)and other long-term assets 和其他长期资产29)Cash paid to acquire equity investments用现金支付，以获取股权投资30)Cash paid to acquire debt investments 用现金支付收购债权投资33)Other cash paid relating to investing activities 其他现金支付的有关投资活动34)Sub-total of cash outflows 分，总的现金流出35)Net cash flows from investing activities投资活动产生的净现金流量，3.Cash Flows from Financing Activities:cash流量筹资活动：36)Proceeds from issuing shares从发行股票的收益，37)Proceeds from issuing bonds 由发行债券的收益，38)Proceeds from borrowings 由借款的收益，41)Other proceeds relating to financing activities 其他收益有关的融资活动42)Sub-total of cash inflows 小计的现金流入量43)Cash repayments of amounts borrowed的现金偿还债务所支付的44)Cash payments of expenses on any financing activities 对任何融资活动现金支付的费用，45)Cash payments for distribution of dividends or profits分配股利或利润支付现金，46)Cash payments of interest expenses 以现金支付的利息费用47)Cash payments for finance leases融资租赁以现金支付，48)Cash payments for reduction of registered capital减少注册资本以现金支付，51)Other cash payments relating to financing activities其他现金收支有关的融资活动52)Sub-total of cash outflows 分，总的现金流出53)Net cash flows from financing activities 从融资活动的净现金流量4.Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate Changes on Cash effect的外汇汇率变动对现金 Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents net增加现金和现金等价物Supplemental Information补充资料1. Investing and Financing Activities that do not Involve inCash Receipts and Payments不参与现金收款和付款的投资活动和筹资活动56)Repayment of debts by the transfer of fixed assets偿还债务的转让固定资产57)Repayment of debts by the transfer of investments偿还债务的转移投资58)Investments in the form of fixed assets投资在形成固定资产59)Repayments of debts by the transfer of inventories偿还债务的转移库存量2.Reconciliation of Net Profit to Cash Flows from Operating Activities 调整的净利润现金流量从经营活动62)Net profit 净利润63)Add provision for bad debt or bad debt written off补充规定的坏帐或不良债务注销64)Depreciation of fixed assets固定资产折旧65)Amortization of intangible assets 无形资产摊销Losses on disposal of fixed assets, intangible assets 损失处置固定资产，无形资产66)and other long-term assets (or deduct: gains) 和其他长期资产（或减：收益）67)Losses on scrapping of fixed assets 损失固定资产报废68)Financial expenses 财务费用69)Losses arising from investments (or deduct: gains) 引起的损失由投资管理（或减：收益）70)Defered tax credit (or deduct: debit) defered税收抵免（或减：借记卡）71)Decrease in inventories (or deduct：increase) 减少存货（或减：增加）72)Decrease in operating receivables (or deduct: increase) 减少经营性应收（或减：增加）73)Increase in operating payables (or deduct: decrease)增加的经营应付账款（或减：减少）74)Net payment on value added tax (or deduct: net receipts净支付的增值税（或减：收益净额75)Net cash flows from operating activities净经营活动的现金流量 Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents net增加现金和现金等价物76)cash at the end of the period 在此期限结束的现金，77)Less: cash at the beginning of the period 减：现金期开始78)Plus: cash equivalents at the end of the period加：现金等价物在此期限结束79)Less: cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 减：现金等价物期开始80)Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 净增加现金和现金等价物。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
（1）资产负债表的定义。
资产负债表被称为第一会计报表，是总括反映会计主体（公司/企业主体）在特定日期（时点而不是时期）财务状况的会计报表。
资产负债表（Balance Sheet）简称资产负债表，英文的 Balance有平衡以及差额、余额两种涵义，因此我们也可以说资产负债表也具有这两种涵义。
一为左侧与右侧金额相等；一为同一科目左右比较求其余额。
用簿记的术语，称资产负债表的左侧为借方（资产），右侧（负债和所有者权益）为贷方（先不要问为什么，左借右贷早已无借贷的实际意义，背下来再说），左右各项目的内容可以简称总账名称。
资产负债表是根据资产、负债、所有者权益之间的相互关系，按照一定的分类标准和一定的顺序，把企业在一定日期的资产、负债、所有者权益各项目予以适当排列，并对日常工作中形成的大量数据进行高度浓缩整理后编制而成的。
它表明企业在某一特定日期所拥有或控制的经济资源，所承担的现有义务和所有者对净资产的要求权。
（2）资产负债表的作用。
为什么要编资产负债表呢？因为通过资产负债表，我们可以：①了解企业所掌握的经济资源。
②分析企业的偿债能力。
③反映企业所承担的债务和投资者所持有的权益。
④分析企业的财务状况。
每一公司的组织结构虽然不尽相同，但最后各部门均将其成果换算成数字送交财务部门，在结算时将这些数字汇编成册，即为财务报表。
其中又以资产负债表最为重要，它不仅表示在结算日企业的财务状况，同时还反映着公司所有经营活动的成果。
换句话说，资产负债表是反映管理者、员工等分工合作的一份成绩单。
谈到为何要编制这份成绩单，应该先从企业内部说起。
在企业内部位居负责企业运作要职的经营者、管理者，可以经由此表正确地掌握企业的动态。
再说对外，可以借这份表向出资的股东报告，以获得他们的支持，还可以借这份表说明企业的纳税标准，完成纳税义务。
如果银行、客户及其他有业务关系者需要，同样也可依据此表，说明企业的现状。
What Is the Function of a Balance Sheet?A balance sheet is a snapshot of the assets a company owns, the debts it owes, and how much it is worth. It is one of the tools management, lenders and investors use to assess a company's overall situation. It is not hard to understand a balance sheet, but you need to know how the parts of a balance sheet function and the role it plays in providing a complete picture of the company.的作用是什么资产负债表吗?资产负债表是资产的快照的债务公司拥有它欠多少价值。
这是一个工具管理、投资人和金融机构使用评估公司的整体情况。
不难理解资产负债表,但是你需要知道如何资产负债表的各个部分功能的作用;它是在提供完整的图片的公司。
Identification1. A balance sheet summarizes a company's financial condition at aparticular time. It consists of three main parts. A listing of the company'sassets is placed at the top. This is followed by a similar list of the company's liabilities. Equity (or shareholders' equity) is placed at the bottom. Equity is calculated by subtracting the total liabilities from the total assets (thus, total assets always equal total liabilities plus equity). A section with explanatory notes may be included.1。
资产负债表总结了一套公司财务状况在某一特定的时间。
它由三个主要部分。
一上市的公司的资产被放置在顶部。
这是继以类似的列表公司的责任。
股票(或股东权益)被放置在底部。
股权从中减去总负债计算从总资产(因此,总资产始终等于总负债加上股权)。
出具有解释性说明一段可能被包括在内。
Time Frame2. Most companies prepare a formal balance sheet once a year andinclude it in the annual report. The amounts from the previous year arefrequently listed alongside the current figures for purposes of comparison.This formal balance sheet should be reviewed by an independent auditor to verify its accuracy and completeness. Occasionally you will run across an interim or partial balance sheet. These function the same way and are often prepared as an internal document company management uses to assess particular issues.时间框架2。
大多数公司准备一份正式的资产负债表一年一次和它包含在年度报告。
自去年以来量经常上市和目前为目的的数据进行比较。
这种正式的资产负债表要进行审核由独立审计师验证了算法的准确性和完整性。
偶尔你会碰到临时或部分资产负债表。
这些函数一样,是常常准备作为一个内部文件公司管理用来评估特定的事而发作的。
Features3. Each section lists the relevant information by category. Under "Assets"these categories include accounts receivable, cash and cash equivalents, fixed assets (land, buildings and equipment), inventory, and so on. If acompany has invested money in projects to improve its reputation andrelationship to a community, this may be listed as an "intangible asset."Categories may be broken down further. Under cash and cash equivalents you might see entries, such as petty cash and money market funds. TheLiabilities section will be structured the same way, listing accounts payable and bonds, and short-term debts.Function4. Use the balance sheet to evaluate a company's financial status. Askyourself questions about the items listed. Investors pay particular attention to liabilities. Too large a proportion of debt can indicate a company isoverextended and might not be able to meet its obligations in the event of a business downturn. The type of debt is important as well. Long-term debts (such as bonds with 20- or 30-year maturities) are preferable since they entail less cash outlay in the near future. 4。
使用资产负债表评价公司的财务状况。
问问自己如何所列事项。
投资者注意的责任。
太大的比例的债务可以指示出公司是过多,可能无法实现其责任业务活动,经济衰退。
债务的类型是很重要的。
长期负债(如债券20 -或30年的到期日)均较好,因为他们需要的现金减少支出在不久的将来。
Considerations5. A balance sheet functions best when you place it in context with otherinformation, such as past performance, sales, market share and plans for the future. For example, if inventory levels have risen from the previous yearfaster than revenues, this may indicate some of the company's products are not selling well. Take advantage of the explanatory notes included with the balance sheet--they can address concerns or alert you to potential problems that may not be obvious at first glance.Definition and Explanation:A balance sheet is a statement drawn up at the end of eachtrading period stating therein all the assets and liabilities of abusiness arranged in the customary order to exhibit the true and correct state of affairs of the concern as on a given date.A balance sheet is prepared from a trial balance after the balancesof nominal accounts are transferred to the trading account or to the profit and loss account. The remaining balances of personal or real accounts represent either assets or liabilities at the closing date.These assets ant liabilities are shown in the balance sheet in aclassified form - the assets being shown on the right side and the liabilities on the left hand side.资产负债表是起草的一份声明中每年年底的交易期间在陈述的资产和负债所有业务安排在习惯以展现真实和正确的状态有关事务的在某个特定的日期。