宾语从句专题复习(直接引语变间接引语)
高考英语专题之直接引语变间接引语
高考英语专题之干脆引语变间接引语状元必读1. 本讲课程涉及的学问点在高考考试大纲中对应的考点为宾语从句；2. 该考点详细到考核目标与要求为五级学问点；3. 该考点常出现在单项选择题和完形填空中，大体分值为2—3分。
专家点拨一、学问精讲（一）句型改变1. 干脆引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时：在多数状况下，都构成一个由that引导的宾语从句（that在口语中常省略），引述动词通常是say和tell。
【例句】“I’ll go to meet my mother at the airport,” Tom said.→Tom told me that he would meet his mother at the airport.“I haven’t finished reading this book,” Tom said.→Tom said that he hadn’t finished reading that book.2. 干脆引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时：（1）干脆引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句，其主句动词常用ask。
【例句】“Do you go to school by bike?” Tom asked Mary.→Tom asked Mary if/whether she went to school by bike.Tom said, “Have you been to Japan before, Mary?”→Tom asked Mary if/ whether she had been to Japan before.状元典例He asked _______ I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.A. ifB. howC. whatD. that答案：A思路分析：考查宾语从句的关系词。
由于主句动词是asked，则从句肯定是问句，依据句意“他问我发音上是否有困难”可知选A。
直接引语变间接引语（带练习和答案）
直接引语变间接引语（带练习和答案）直接引语和间接引语直接引语就是直接引⽤别⼈的话。
间接引语就是⽤⾃⼰的话转述别⼈的话。
间接引语多为宾语从句。
1. 直接引语变间接引语的⽅法(1) 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。
(that可省略)She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”→She said (that) their bus would arrive in five minutes.(2) 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或⼀般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。
(宾语从句必须⽤陈述句语序）He said, “Can you swim, John”→ He asked John if he could swim.“You have finished the homework, haven’t you” my mother asked.→ My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.He asked, “Do you go to school by bus or by bike”→ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.She says, “Is Tom an Englishman”→ She asks whether/if Tom is an Englishman.注：主句引述动词是say时，要改为ask或wonder等。
(3) 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，间接引语应该改为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
（宾语从句必须⽤陈述句语序）She asked me, “When do they have their dinner”→ She asked me when they had their dinner.(4) 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell/ask/order sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。
直接引语变间接引语复习及练习
直接引语变间接引语面面观一引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。
例如：John said, "I‟m going to London with my father."约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。
"（引号内是直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。
（宾语从句是间接引语）二. 如何变人称：下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。
二随宾，第三人称不更新”。
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。
或被第二人你所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。
如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said。
"Jack is a good worker。
"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
三、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。
宾语从句(直接引语变间接引语)的讲解与练习
宾语从句（直接引语变间接引语）的讲解与练习各种句型的直接引语改成间接引语时的相应变化：一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.3．There will be a meeting in five d ays. Jack didn’t know.Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.4．Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.6 What's his name? I asked him.I asked him what _____ _____ _____.二、选择填空。
( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.A. if you are free the next weekB. what colour was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spring( ) 2.Peter knew _______________.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris( )3. Could you tell me ___________?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in( )4. I can't understand ______the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left( )5 The manager came up to see __________.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what's the matter( )6. He asked his father _______.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen( )7. No one tells us______, so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it( )8. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking三、用合适的连接词填空。
直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习
直接引语变间接引语这两种引语都是宾语从句,但是直接引语放在引号内,不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号,通常用连接词与主句联接一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化例：Hesaid,“I'mveryglad.”→Hesaidhewasveryglad.例：Hesaid,“Canyoucomethisafternoon,John”→HeaskedJohncouldcomethatafternoon.例:Hesaid,“WhereisMr.Wang”→Heasked whereMr.Wangwas.Tomsaystome,“whatfood doyoulikebest”.→TomasksmefoodIlikebestOurparentstoldus“LearnEnglishwell”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊”OurparentstoldusEnglishwell.我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好;Theteachersaidtome,“Don’treadthatnovel”Theteacherasked/toldmethatnovel.Ourparentstoldus,“Neverdowrong”父母告诉我们：“不要做错事”Ourparentstoldusnevertodowrong.我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事;二、人称的变化例如：“I wenttotheGreatWallyesterday,”LiHua said.→LiHuasaidthat he hadgonetotheGreatWallthedaybefore.“I’llcometohelp you wheneveryouneedmyhelp,”he answered her.→Heansweredherthat he wouldcometohelp her wheneversheneededhishelp.Shesaidto me,“Your pronunciationisbetterthanhis.”→Shetoldmethat my pronunciationwasbetterthanhis.三、时态变化主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况Hesays,“I’mtired.”→Hesaysthatheistired.Hewillsay,“Theboywaslazy.”→Hewilltellyouthattheboywaslazy.Ourgeographyteachersaidtous,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.Shesaid,“Iwasbornin1995.”→Shesaidthatshewasbornin1995.典型例题1Canyoutellme_______A.whatthematterisB.whatmatteritisC.what’sthematterD.thematteriswhat2Thephysicsteachersaidtheearth____aroundthesun.A.ismovingB.movedC.hadmovedD.moves语法专练1.Motheraskedtheyoungestkid____withhiscar.A.whatthematterB.WhatwasthematterC.whatthematterisD.whatisthematter2.Thetouristaskedtheguidewhathe____visitthenextday.A.wasgoingtoB.willC.isgoinginD.isto3.Theteachertoldusthatlight____fasterthansound.A.traveledB.hadtraveledC.istravelingD.travels4.Tomhankstoldhisteacherthathe____bornin1968.A.wasB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen5.LindaaskedAmy_____shecouldtellherthegeneralideasofthepoem.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.how6.Mybrothersaidtome,“I’mgoingtohaveaholidaynextweek.”Mybrother________________________________goingtohaveaholidaythenextweek.7.Mothersaidtome,“Whatareyoudoingintheroom”Motheraskedme___________________________________intheroom.8.Heasked,“CanIborrowyourbike”Heasked_______________________borrowmybike9.Tomsaidtome,“Doyoulikefootball”Tomaskedme_________________________football10.Shesaidtome,“Iwentovermylessonslastnight.”Shetoldme____________________________overherlessonsthenightbefore.附：UnitI短语归纳1.做个好朋友tobeagoodfriend2.做下列调查makethefollowingsurvey3.合计总分addupthescore4.得分getpoints5.心烦意乱地来到学校cometoschoolupset6.不理睬铃声ignorethebell7.使你那个德国朋友平静下来calmdownyourGermanfriend8.关心你朋友beconcernedaboutyourfriends9.松开了getloose10.不得不去户外遛狗havegottowalkthedogoutdoors11.帮他期末考试作弊helphimcheatintheend-of-termexam12.列出理由makealistofreasons/listthereasons13.记下一连串的请求setdownaseriesofrequests14.根据问卷调查accordingtothequestionnaire15.根据编辑的忠告accordingtotheeditor’sadvice16.为了分担你的困难inordertoshareyourdifficulties/troubles17.与老板相爱fallinlovewiththeboss18.与我的同桌相处融洽getalong/onwellwithmydeskmate19.关心青少年beconcernedaboutteenagers20.为了和老板面对面地交流inordertocommunicatewiththebossfacetoface21.信任政府trust/believeinthegovernment22.经历了太多的战争gothroughtoomanywars23.相邻的城镇neighboringtowns24.相邻的国家neighboringcountries直接引语变间接引语练习题一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词：1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat______never______meat.2.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.He______methathe__________________wallet.3.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.He______methathe______mettheday______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.8.“Didyouseeherlastweek”hesaid.He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He______Jimthathe______sitthere.10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother”Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives”heasked.Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.14.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldme___________________himthenews.15.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.16.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.17.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.18.“Keepquiet,children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.20.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.Shetoldme_____________________outofthewindow.家庭作业1.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.2.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.3.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthanthemoon.5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.Hetoldmethathe_______methertheday_______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.HesaidthatI_______togo_______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthecomputertwoweeksago,”shesaid.Shesaidthatshe_______boughtthecomputertwoweeks_______.8.“Didyoureadthebooklastweek”hesaid.He______________Ihadreadthebooktheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He_______Jimthathe_______sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother”Heaskedhermother_____________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12“Doyouknowwhereshelives”heasked me.Heaskedme______________knewwhereshe_______.13.“Keepquiet,children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.14.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.Shetoldme_____________________outofthewindow.15.“Areyouinterestedinthis”hesaid tome.Heasked______________Iwasinterestedin_______.。
宾语从句直接引语变间接引语四要素
宾语从句直接引语变间接引语四要素嗨，朋友们！今天咱们来好好唠唠宾语从句里直接引语变间接引语的那点事儿。
这就像是一场奇妙的语言变身魔法，掌握了这魔法的四要素，你就能轻松搞定这个有点小复杂的语法点啦。
要素一：人称的变化。
这就像是在一场角色扮演游戏里，人物身份突然转换了。
比如说，直接引语里是第一人称“我”，在变成间接引语的时候，可能就要根据具体情况变成第三人称“他”或者“她”了。
我给你举个例子哈。
小明说：“我很开心。
”如果要变成间接引语，就可能是小红说小明很开心，这里的“我”就变成了“小明”。
这就好比你本来是自己故事里的主角，突然变成了别人讲述的故事里的一个角色，是不是很有趣呢？你可能会想，这有啥难的呀？可别小瞧它哦，要是不注意，那句子的意思可就乱套了，就像把演员安排错了角色一样，整个戏就没法看啦。
要素二：时态的变化。
哎呀，时态这个东西就像时间的魔法，直接引语里的时态在变成间接引语的时候，往往也得跟着变一变。
一般现在时可能会变成一般过去时呢。
就像这样，小李说：“我每天都跑步。
”变成间接引语可能就是小张说小李每天都跑步（这里假设转述的内容是当天转述且习惯依旧，不发生时态变化，如果有时间差，就会变成小李以前每天都跑步）。
这就像你把现在正在发生的事情，放到回忆里去讲述，时态当然就不一样啦。
这时候你可能会问，那是不是所有时态都这么变呢？那可不一定哦，这得看具体情况，就像不同的魔法咒语在不同的情境下有不同的效果一样。
要素三：指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化。
这部分可就像给一幅画换背景一样。
指示代词像“这个”“那个”，直接引语里的“这个”，到间接引语里可能就变成“那个”了。
时间状语呢，“今天”可能变成“那天”，“明天”可能变成“第二天”。
地点状语也类似，“这里”可能就成了“那里”。
比如说，小王说：“我今天在这里看到了一只可爱的小猫。
”变成间接引语也许就是小赵说小王那天在那里看到了一只可爱的小猫。
你看，这就像是把故事从一个特定的时空地点，搬到了另外一个时空地点讲述，整个画面感都变了呢。
直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句)讲解与练习(附答案)知识讲解
直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习一．讲解：在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。
直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。
变化时应注意以下几点：1．引导词（连词）①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常省略e.g He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was adoctor.②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。
不能省略 e.g “Are youEnglish?” He asked m e→He asked me if I was English.③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：whatwhen where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ?” He askedm e→He asked me how old I was.二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) e.g.She asked, “What does he want?”→She asked what he wanted.He asked me ,“Do you like English?”→He asked me if I liked English.三．时态的变化：1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。
基本原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg:① He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary?”→He asked me if I had a dictionary.② She asked, “What is Tom doing? →She asked what Tom was doing.③ She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leavea message on his desk.2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。
宾语从句直接引语与间接引语
东城双语初中 赵英
直接引语变
间接引语
Direct Speech & Indirect Speech
直接引语转换为间接引语
引述别人的话有两种方式： 一是使用引号引出人家的原话，叫做直接引语； 一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，叫做间接引语。 例如： She said, “I„m going to London with my father.” （引号内 是直接引语） She said that she was going to London with her father. （宾语从句是间接引语）
B)填空完成间接引语，每空一词。
6. “Don't forget to give the message to my wife,” he said to Li Ping. He __Li Ping ___ ___ forget to give the message to ___ wife. 7. “Mum, please help me find my shirt,” he said. He ___ his mother __ help ___ find ___shirt. 8. “Use your knife to cut the boots open,” the officer said to the guard. The officer___ the guard ____ _____ ____ knife to cut the boots open. 9. “Don't spend too much time on football!” Mother said to me. Mother ____ me _____ _____ _____ too much time on football. 10. “Will you sleep and get up early, children?” Father said. Father _____ the children _____ ____ and _____ up early.
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1. ‘Who are you going to see the film with?’Could you tell me？
Could you tell me_____________________?
2. ‘You will visit Aunt Wang this afternoon yourselves.’ Kelly said to her brothers.
9. She asked me that my mother liked the blue one.
10. There are so many books in the bookshop. I don’t know what to buy.
二:单选:
1.Do you know ___? They moved here soon after their son was born.
3. Do you remember what does the teacher say last time.
4. My parents told me don’t to get up too late.
5. They said they have been to England five years before.
思考:所有宾语从句的语序:______________________.
Part2：
拓展练习:
1. I don’t know when I will come back.. (改为同义句)
I don’t know _____________________________.
2. Could you tell me how to get to the post office? (改为同义句)
个性化辅导教案
授课时间：2009年10月11日10:30—12：30
备课时间：2009年10月9日
年级：初三科目：英语
学生姓名：
课题：宾语从句
老师姓名：赖细梅
教学目标
掌握直接引语变间接引语的四种变法
重点难点
时态和人称的转换
教
学
内
容
宾语从句专题复习(直接引语变间接引语)
Part1：复习宾语从句的四种句式:
直接引语
间接引语
时
间
状
语
now
today
tonight
tomorrow
yesterday
this week(month, year…)
last week(month, year…)
Kellyher brothers.
3. The conductor said to them, ‘ Show me your tickets.’
The conductorthem.
4. “ Who broke the window? The teacher asked .
The teacher asked____________________________________.
A. what do they talk B. what are they talking about
C. what they talk D. what they are talking about
8.He didn’t know ______he should go or not.
A. if B. weather C. that D. whether
C would have, rains D. have, rains
5. She said she ____ for the test. You can test her even now.
A. has prepared B. had prepared C. will prepare D. would prepare
C. can hand in D. could hand in
4.--- Mike wanted to know if you ____ a picnic the next day.
--- Yes, but if it ____, we’ll visit the museum instead.
A. have, will rain B. would have, will rain
She _______________________ because___________.
小结:祈使句:可以改为__________________来进行转换.
句式2:
1．Tom says，“I like playing football very much.
Tom says _________________________________.
The teacher said to us __________________________________.
小结:1.陈述句:用____引导并可省略,注意______________________的变化.
2.注意:如宾语从为客观真理时从句时态______________.
3．宾语从句的时态呼应
句式1:
1.“Don’t play football on the road,children ,” said the policeman.
The policeman_________________________________.
2. “Please keep quite because the baby is sleeping”, she said to me.
2. She said to her friend,“Did you finish your homework？”
She _____________________________________.
3. “Would you come to my home or not ?” She didn’t know.
3．“Where does she live？”could you tell me？
Could you tell me__________________________?
4. “What’s wrong with you, Lucy?” Jim asked.
Jim asked ____________________________________________.
A. when would the Greens move here
B. when the Greens moved here
C. the Greens would move here
D. when the Greens would move here
2. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ____ Christmas Day.
Could you tell me________________________________?
4. Mike is learning _____ a computer.
A. how can he use B. how to use C. how he use D. how to using
5. ---Hi,Tom! Can you tell me when ____ for London?
6. They’d like to know how they could get to the station.
7. She asked if Lily had a notebook or not.
8. My mother said light traveled faster than sound.
--- Yes, tomorrow afternoon.
A. leaving B. leaves C. to leave D. are leaving
6. I really don’t know __________.
A. what to do B. how to do C. what to do it D. to do what
总结:宾语从句可与______________________互相改写.
Part3：Exercises:
一.有错就改:改正下列各句的错误
1. He said that he will do his work.
2. Could you tell me when does your father get up every day?
6. We couldn’t find out _____, so we handed it in to the teacher.
A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was
C. it was whose pen D. whose pen is it
7.Who can tell us ____ over there?
2．They said,“we have come here by car.”
They said ______________________.
3．Kate said,“I will have a party in my home tomorrow .”
Kate said ___________________________________________.
5. ‘Would you like to join us?’ I asked the stranger.
I asked the stranger.
6. ‘Ice gets into water when it’s over zero.’ I learned.