专四语法
完整版专四英语语法考点分析解析
语法考点之一:虚拟语气考点1.If从句中的虚拟语气1、与过去事实相反：从句sｂｈad ｄoｎe，主句sb wouｌd(sｈoｕlｄ, ｃould, miｇht)＋hａvｅｄoｎe；2、省略ｉf,从句的语序用到装，即将ｗere,hａd或shoulｄ移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。
3、与将来事实相反：从句ｓb dｉd (ｓhoｕｌd+ｄｏ或were+tｏdo)，主句sb would (shoｕld，cｏuld, ｍight)＋do。
4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。
比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb hａd dｏne,主句sb wｏulｄ(sｈoｕld, could, mｉght)+do;考点２：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insisｔ,ｏrdeｒ，cｏmmaｎｄ, sｕｇgest, aｄvise, prｏpose, a ｓk，reqｕire, ｒｅｑuesｔ，ｄemａnd引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句,谓语用(should)+动词原形。
考点３:Iｔis ＋advｉsable,eｓｓenｔiａl, importaｎt, iｍpeｒative，iｎcｒediｂｌe等从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。
考点4：it is(ｈｉgh/abouｔ)tiｍe that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。
例如:考点5：much aｓ"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用ｗｏuｌd havｅdone表示假设。
考点6：if oｎlｙ, wish，as iｆ/as ｔhoｕgｈ引导从句，与过去事实相反:ｈad ＋ｄone；与现在事实相反:动词过去式;与将来事实相反:could/woｕld＋ｄo考点7：ｗｏｕld rather／ｓoｏｎer从句中使用一般过去式或过去完成式分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟考点８:ｌesｔ/ foｒfear that+(shｏulｄ) ＋原形动词。
英语专四语法
一些名称Imperative mood祈使句request请求≈祈使句Subjunctive mood虚拟语气Dangling participle 虚悬分词Personal pronoun人称代词：包括属格和反身Generic reference 类指用法：定冠词a/an+名词单数”是表示“类指”/The + 名词复数Specific reference特指用法:定冠词the+名词单数或者加了定语修饰Pronoun代词Attributive后置定语Parenthesis插入语语法动名词做主语，常常表示泛指的一般行为或者概念，否定形式应把否定词放在动名词之前不定时作主语表示一次具体的行为1.语法一致原则（principle of grammatical concord）2.意义一致原则（principle of notional concord）3.就近原则（principle of proximity）单位名词（unit noun）：用来表示不可数名词的数量,即不可数名词的个体性；它也能与可数名词搭配,表示“一双”、“一群”等意义.集合名词（Collective noun）意指一种可用来指称一群对象的字，而这些对象，可以是人、动物、或是一群概念等事物。
举例而言，在英语中，“一群狮子”可称为“a pride of lions”，此时“pride”为一个集合名词。
限定词：限定词分为三种：1、前位限定词（pre-determiner）：all，both，half，分数词（one-third，one-fifth等）, 倍数词（double，twice，three times等），such；2、中位限定词（central-determiner）：冠词（a，an，the），指示代词（this，that，these，those），不定代词（some，any，either），否定词（no，neither），全称限定词（every，each），所有格（my，your，John's)；3、后位限定词（post-determiner）：基数词（three，200），序数词（first，second，300th，last），数量词及短语（many，much，little，few，plenty of，a lot of，a large number of）等。
英语专四语法复习内容
英语专四语法复习内容想要通过英语专四考试，就必须掌握英语专四的语法。
那么英语专四的语法有哪些呢?下面由店铺为大家整理的英语专四语法内容，希望大家喜欢!英语专四语法内容一 There be 结构1. There be结构There were very few people left when we got there.There have been many such incidents.Nearby there had been a fight in full progress.也可以是情态动词 +beThere can be very little doubt about his guilt.There may always be instances about which we are uncertain. There ought to / should be some instructions on the lid.还可以是There +情态动词+ be 的完成时There may have been an accident.If the criminal had come this way, there would be / would have been footprints. There should / ought to have been someone on duty all the time.2. There + 半动词+ be，这里很少用完成体形式.There is certain to be trouble at the factory.There is sure / likely to be some rain tonight. There seems / appears to be no doubt about it.3. There be结构也可有被动式，这类there be结构有些可以与there be结构的一般形式相互转换。
专四常考语法点汇总
语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一：从属分句复合句= 主句+从句（1个或1个以上）要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句。
其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
要点2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。
一状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. （2010，55）A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：（一）条件状语从句：表示条件或假设，通常由以下连词或结构引导：★特别提醒几种不常用的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?（二）让步状语从句：含有“虽然，尽管，即使”之意，主要引导词有：★特别提醒1. 几种不常用的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music.While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了although或though，就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用but，但是though可以和yet 连用。
专四语法26条
1 虚拟语气: 动词原形 (1)that从句：（should+)动词原形 (2)条件从句：（should+)动词原形 (3)让步从句：（should+)动词原形 (4)目的从句：（shs necessary/my suggestion that • I suggest/recommend/propose that • If he be found guilty • Whatever be his defense • Though everyone desert you • Whether she be right or wrong • lest, for fear that, in order that, so that (should+动词原形）
• [than] • (4) There are more intelligent monkeys that Herbert.
2 比较结构: something of a N • As much/little of a N as • More/less of a N than
2 比较结构：more/less • many, much, few, little • as many (Adj) N as; as much (Adj) N as • (Adj) N as many as; (Adj) N as much as • I have more books than you. • *I have books more than you.
• 表“意外”的should: • It’s strange that he should have left without saying goodbye; He stepped into a cave and what he should see but a tigress with her baby tigers. • Who would have thought that things should come to such a tragic end.
英语专四语法考点总结
一、语法部分考查重点1、虚拟语气的考点为： would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时；It is vital／ necessary／ important／ urgent／ imperative／ desirable／advisable／ natural／ essential＋that＋（should）动词原形；proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时；lest＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that＋would＋动词原形。
2、状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even if／so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导的时间状语从句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。
3、独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现。
4、情态动词多与完成时形式连用。
5、定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。
二、词汇部分考查重点1、动词、名词与介词的搭配如：popular／patient＋with；yield／solution／adapt／transfer／access＋to；accuse／require＋of；charge＋for；under＋discussion等等。
2、习惯用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing；be supposed to／have／make sb．＋do等。
3、由同一动词构成的短语如：come，go，set，break等构成的短语。
专四语法——精选推荐
一、附加疑问句 (2)二、比较句式 (2)三、倒装 (4)四、虚拟语句 (5)五、非谓语动词 (8)六、从属分句 (10)(一)状语从句 (10)(二)关系从句（定语从句） (13)(三)名词性从句 (14)一、附加疑问句附加疑问句由两部分组成，前面是一个陈述句，后面是一个简短问句，下面分析几种特殊的附加疑问句形式：1. 如果陈述部分是祈使句，附加疑问句部分一般使用will you, w on’t you例如：Pass me some salt, won’t you?递给我一些盐，好吗？2. 如果陈述部分的主语是this, that, these, those时，附加疑问句部分的主语为it或they例如：This is exciting, isn’t it?这很令人兴奋，不是吗？3. 如果陈述部分是一个复合句，则分两种情况：1) 一般情况下，附加疑问句部分的主语应与陈述部分的主语保持一致，例如：Mary said her son would come, didn’t she? 玛丽说她的儿子要来，不是吗？2) 但如果陈述部分的主语是第一人称，且谓语动词是suppose, think, believe等，附加疑问句的主语则应该与从句的主语保持一致，例如：I think he will come, won’t he?我认为他会来，不是吗？4. 如果陈述部分是there be存在句，附加疑问句部分的主语也应该用there例如：There are some books, aren’t there?有一些书，不是吗？5. 如果陈述部分中带有否定词或半否定词，如never，hardly，scarcely，seldom，no，none，no one，rarely，nowhere，nothing，nobody，few，little等，附加疑问句的谓语要用肯定形式例如:There are rarely extremes of cold or heat in Britain, are there？英国很少出现严寒或酷暑天气，是吗？二、比较句式1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法1) 比较级修饰语(a) 比较级之前的副词修饰语常用many, much, far, a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot, somewhat, rather, etc.。
英语专四语法总结
英语专四语法总结1.主谓一致就近原则1.由并列结构或连词（either…or，neither…nor，not…but，not only…but also，or 等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。
2. 在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。
例句：There is a book and some pens on the desk.桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。
3. 在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。
例句：It is Ma ry’s brother who was injured in the car accident. 是Mary的哥哥在车祸中受伤了。
意义一致原则1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with，no less than，besides，except，but，including 等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。
例句：I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month.我，还有我姐姐，打算下个月去上海。
2. 英语中有一类单、复数同型的词（people，means，sheep，deer，fish 等），其单、复数取决于它在句中的含义。
例句：All of the people in the country have been prepared for thegreat reformation.这个国家的人都已经为大变革做好了准备。
3. 多数情况下，由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式。
我只想说：“多保重！”例句：What I want to say is just “ Take care!”．4. 当主语与all，none，any，some等不定代词、形容词连用时，应根据具体句意，来决定其后的谓语动词的单复数。
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• 30. The cows _______ over the fields eating grass. • A) wander • B) wonder • C) move • D) remove
KEYS
• • • • • • ABAAC DBABB DCCBA DBADC CDAAA CBAAA
10. The box is_______. . A) too heavy that I cannot lift it B) too heavy for me to lift C) so heavy for me to lift D) too heavy, for lifting
• 11. The boy fell in front of the car but fortunately the driver stopped _______time. • A) on • B)at • C) with • D) in
• 24. The climbers ________ on their adventurous journey into the unknown. • A) set out • B) set in • C) set to • D) set up
• 25. The clock was _______ eleven when I went upstairs to bed. • A) striking • B) beating • C) ringing • D) sounding
• 4. The birds _______ at the firing of the gun. • A) scattered • B) moved • C) separated • D) acted
• 5. The bomb will _______ the moment it is touched. • A) go on • B) go out • C) go off • D) go over
TEM4-31-10’ TEM4-31-10’
• 1. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ______ its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans. • A) are • B) is • C) do • D) has
• 7. The book contained a large _______ of information. • A) deal • B) amount • C) number • D)sun
• 8. The book is so ______ that I can't put it down. • A) exciting • B) excited • C) surprising • D) surprised
• 27. The company ________ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet. • A) is promised • B) has been promising • C) is promising • D) promised
• 23. The children had never been subject to any discipline and so were completely _______. • A) out of hand • B) out of place • C) out of reason • D) out of action
• 26. The coach first _______ the difficult maneuver, and then asked the students to follow and try it themselves. • A) showed • B) expressed • C) demonstrated • D) illustrated
• 19. The car costs _______ the other one. • A) as much over • B) as much to • C) as much more as • D) as much as
• 20. The car won't _______ I've tried it several times, but it won't work. • A) begin • B) launch • C) start • D) drive
• 15. The bridge was named _______ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people. • A) after • B) with • C) by • D) from
• 16. The buildings are _______ by the surrounding hills. • A) dwelled • B) dwindled • C) duplicated • D) dwarfed
• 2. The baby is crying! Will you _______ while I prepare his milk? • A) look for him • B) look after him • C) care for him • D) care about him
• 3. The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to ______ the investment plan within a week. • A) work out • B) make out • C) puຫໍສະໝຸດ out • D) set out
• 6. The book _______ was not in the school library. • A) which the professor referred us • B) which the professor referred to us • C) to which the professor referred to us • D) to which the professor referred us
• 21. The car won't start because the battery has _______. • A) run out • B) run over • C) run down • D) run off
• 22. The cashier was asked to ________ every penny of the money that he took care of. • A) account to • B) use up • C) amount to • D) account for
• 12. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents'_______. • A) command • B) conviction; • C) consent • D) compromise
• 17. The bus driver is _______ for the passengers' safety. • A) skillful • B) responsible • C) strict • D) intensive
• 18. The California forest fires, which were regarded yesterday as almost under control, _______ again during the night. • A) flared up • B) kept up • C) sent over • D) swept through
• 28. The company _______ the chairman's new plan. • A) adopted • B) took • C) agreed • D) elected
• 29. The concerns with the origins of the earth _______ their study. • A) motivated • B) advised • C) excited • D) impulsed
• 9. The boss didn't want to raise the workers' wages, for that would _______ the profits. • A) cut away • B) cut into • C) cut off • D) cut out
• • • • •
• 13. The boy threw the box out of the window and it fell to the _______ outside. • A) floor • B) flat • C) ground • D) plain
• 14. The branches could hardly _______ the weight of the fruit. • A) retain • B) sustain • C) maintain • D) remain