初中英语知识总复习

初中英语知识复习一、人称代词的复习1.That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )2.The dress is _______. Give it to _________. ( she )3.Is this ______ watch? (you) No, it’s not _______ . ( I )4.________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )5._________ dresses are red. (we) What color are _________? ( you )6.Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )7.I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )二、句式转换I、一般疑问句的变法如果陈述句中有I /we则变成you, my/our则变成your; am变成are.（1）看陈述句中是否有be 动词：is/ am/ are，如果有直接将其提到句首；eg1.He is my teacher. Is he your teacher?eg2. We are friends. Are you friends?eg3.I am a teacher. Are you a teacher?（2）看陈述句中是否有情态动词：can/ should ，如果有直接将其提到句首；eg1. He can play football. Can he play football?（3）如果陈述句中既没有be 动词又没有情态动词，那么则根据主语选择助动词do/ does；如果主语是第三人称单数则选择助动词does, 其他则选择do；肯定用yes，否定用no 来回答。

eg1. I like my teacher. Do you like your teacher?eg2. He likes football. Does he like football?II、否定句的变法：英语中的否定句构成是在be动词（am, is, are)和情态动词后面加not构成；如果陈述句中既没有be动词又没有情态动词则添加助动词：do not=don’t 或者does not =doesn’t 置于谓语动词的前面。

注意：doesn’t的主语一定是第三人称单数；且肯定句中的and和some要变为or和any.III、特殊疑问句的变法：特殊疑问句的构成：（1）先将陈述句变为一般疑问句；（2）找一个特殊疑问词将划线部分替换并置于句首。

eg1 My name is Y ang Xu. Is your name Y ang Xu? What is your name?eg2 My book is on the sofa. Is your book on the sofa? Where is your book?eg3 I am thirteen (years old) ? Are you thirteen years old? How old are you?IV、感叹句1. She is pretty. 感叹：How pretty she is!2. She sings well. 感叹：How well she sings!3. She is a pretty girl. 感叹：How pretty a girl she is!总结：How +形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）！或者How +形容词+a/an +单数名词（+主语+谓语）！4. It is an interesting CD-ROM.How interesting an CD-ROM (it is)!What an interesting CD-ROM (it is)!5. They are beautiful girls.What beautiful girls they are!总结：what+ a/an +形容词+单数名词（+主语+谓语）！或者what+ 形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！V、反义疑问句：指附加在陈述句之后，对所述内容提出质疑或通过反问来强化陈述内容的一种疑问句；陈述句为肯定则反义问句为否定；反之亦然eg1. It is a beautiful day, isn’t it? Y es, it is./ No, it isn’t.eg2. He doesn’t like swimming, does he? Y es, he does./ No, he doesn’t.三、时态复习：动词的时态分为:现在时；过去时；将来时。

（斜体部分初中接触比较少，出去绿色部分就是我们常说的八种时态）现在时：（一）一般现在时；（二）现在进行时；（三）现在完成时；（四）现在完成进行时；（一）一般现在时结构：1、主语(I /we/you/they)+ (don’t) + V（原）2、主语（he/ she/ it/三人称单数）+ V-s/es3、否定He/ She/ It/ 其它三人称单数+ doesn’t +V(原)4、主语+ am/is/are (not) +adj/n /pron/ prep/ to do/ doing变化规则说明：第三人称单数谓语动词加s/es的变化规则：1、一般情况直接在动词后加s, stop-stops, close-closes;2、以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词加es; teach-teaches, go—goes;3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词先变y为i再加es, study—studies;4、特殊的have变为has 意义为：有/吃一般现在时的用法：1). 表示现在的习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常常与下面的时间状语连用：usually；always；often；sometimes；every day/week/ month/ year/ morning; on SundaysEg：I usually go to school at 7 in the morning.Mary always sleeps with the window open.I sometimes go to see my grandpa at weekends.She often goes shopping with my friends on Sundays.School opens in September every year.2). 表示目前的特征，性格，状态和能力Eg: My father is a teacher. He is a seven-year-old boy.3). 表示客观事实，普遍真理，格言等不受时间限制的客观存在。

Eg: The sun rises in the east.The earth goes round the sun.Knowledge is power.4). 在时间，条件，让步状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态，也就是说will 一般不用于when,before, as soon as, till/ until/ after, if, unless等引导的状语从句中；Eg: I’ll tell him about it as soon as he comes.It’ll be three days before he comes back.I will tell him the news when he goes to the office.If it is fine tomorrow, we will go shopping.The sports meet will take place unless it rains tomorrow.但如果will表示决心，意愿，可以用在条件状语从句中，此时will并不是助动词，而是情态动词：If you will go with us, please let us know.5). 表示计划，安排好的将来的动作，用于较少的动词：go；come；leave；start；begin；leave；leavefor；arrive；take off；stop；close；return;Eg: The meeting begins at 9:00 this morning.Flight UA850 takes off at 7:oo a.m.We leave for shanghai next week.（二）现在进行时：结构：主语+am/is/are（not）+ v-ing+其它v-ing的变化规则：1. 一般情况加ing ，ask-asking;2. 以e结尾的动词去e加ing, live-living;3. 以ie结尾的动词变ie为y 再加ing, lie-lying, tie-tying, die-dying;4. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾动词的则双写辅音字母再加ing, stop-stopping, put-putting;5. 以y结尾的不变直接加ing, try-trying, play-playing.注：有些动词表示状态，感觉，心理活动和认识等的静态动词，一般不用于进行时态，用一般现在时，过去时即可。

常用的有：Be, know, love, hate, want, understand, refuse, think, hope, fear, forget, remember, believe, feel, have, belong, look, see, hear, like, wish, sound, taste, cost, own, suggest, find, agree, regret, mean, imagine, realize.现在进行时的用法：1). 表示现在正在或者现阶段进行的动作，可与now, at present, at this moment, these days等时间状语连用；也可不与时间状语连用；Eg: He is writing a letter now.They are building a bridge these days.2). 表示将来的动作和行为，往往是下面这些动词：go, come, leave, start , arrive, stay.Eg: He is leaving next week.My mother is staying with us for a few months next year.3). 表示某种感情色彩，经常与always, forever, continually, constantly 连用，可表示说话人厌恶，贬斥，表扬，赞美等，并不强调动作正在进行：Eg: He is constantly thinking of how he could do more for others.Tom is always asking some good/silly questions.（三）现在完成时；基本结构：主语+has/have +v-ed +其它常和下面的时间状语连用：already, ever, never, yet, just, so far, up to now, ever since, these years, for two days,since 1999, recently, lately, over/in the last/past/recent few days/ years.动词过去分词的变化规则：1. 一般情况加ed, ask-asked;2. 以e, ie结尾的动词只加d, live-lived, die-died;3. 以辅音字母加y变y为i再加ed, try-tried;4. 以元音字母加y结尾的动词直接加ed, play-played;5.以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的动词则双写辅音字母再加ed, stop-stopped.现在完成时的用法：1). 表示动作到现在为止刚刚或已经完成。