厦门大学汉译英

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厦门大学英汉教程第一章

第一章翻译的基本知识第一节翻译的类型根据语言学家罗曼·雅可布逊（Roman Jakobson）(1959/1966:233)论述，翻译可以分成三种类型：语内翻译（intralingual translation, an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs in the same language），是指同一语言中用一些语言符号解释另一些语言符号，如古文翻译成现代文。

语际翻译（interlingual translation, an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language），是指两种语言之间的翻译，即用另一种语言的语符来解释一种语言的语符，这就是人们通常所指的“翻译”，如英汉翻译。

符际翻译（intersemiotic translation, an interpretation of verbal signs by means of nonverbal sign system），是指通过非语言的符号系统解释语言符号，或用语言符号解释非语言符号，如把语言符号用图画、手势、数学、电影或音乐来表达。

罗曼·雅可布逊的这三种类型的划分具有重要的意义。

他使我们认识了广义和狭义的翻译概念。

雅可布逊首次提出了翻译中的对等概念。

在语内翻译中，是用一个语符单位替代另一个语符单位，对一个词的翻译可以选用同义词或者迂回表达法。

但同义词不可能是完全对等的词，而改换说法会使原意有增减。

同样，在语际翻译中，符号与符号之间一般也没有完全的对等关系。

人们通常不是用一种语言的语符替代另一种语言中的单个的符号，而是替代“更大的单位”，即“信息”（message），是用信息替代信息。

也就是说，在语际翻译中，我们所关注的不仅是符号与符号之间的对应（即逐词对应），而且也关注符号和符号组合的对等。

厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2013年

厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2013年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、(一)汉译英(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.全面建成小康社会（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：to establish an all-around affluent society2.安倍晋三（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Shinzo Abe3.翘尾因素（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：carryover effects4.中国围棋（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Chinese Go5.骑楼（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：sotto portico; arcade-house6.植入广告（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：product placement7.逆回购（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：reverse repurchase8.汽车单双号限行（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：even-odd license plate plan9.乱穿马路（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：jaywalking10.花旗银行（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Citibank11.两“非”(非法鉴别性别和非法终止妊娠)（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：illegal fetal sex testing and sex-selective abortions12.湄公河（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Mekong River13.松下电器（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Panasonic Corporation14.哈萨克斯坦（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Kazakhstan15.兵部尚书（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：minister of war三、(二)英译汉(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.swing states（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：摇摆州(美国大选中的特有说法)17.poetic justice（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：善有善报，恶有恶报18.drone (军事用语)（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：无人驾驶飞机19.to scale back headcounts（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：缩减人员20.cheerleader（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：啦啦队队长21.skopos theory（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：目的论22.shopping spree（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：疯狂购物23.wailing wall（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：(犹太人的)哭墙24.call to collect（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：对方付费的电话25.TEU（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：国际标准货柜单位(twenty-foot equivalent unit)26.shale gas（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：页岩气27.plastic surgery（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：整形手术28.a storm in a teacup（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：小题大做29.windfall tax（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：暴利税30.quantitative easing（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：量化宽松四、语篇·英译汉(总题数：2，分数：60.00)31.Wars throughout history have been waged for conquest and plunder. In the Middle Ages when the feudal lords who inhabited the castles—whose towers may still be seen along the Rhine—concluded to enlarge their domains, to increase their power, their prestige and their wealth they declared war upon one another. But they themselves did not go to war any more than the modem feudal lords, the barons of Wall Street go to war.The feudal barons of the Middle Ages, the economic predecessors of the capitalists of our day, declared all wars. And their miserable serfs fought all the battles. The poor, ignorant serfshad been taught to revere their masters; to believe that when their masters declared war upon one another, it was their patriotic duty to fall upon one another and to cut one another"s throats for the profit and glory of the lords and barons who held them in contempt. And that is war in a nutshell. The master class has always declared the wars; the subject class has always fought the battles. The master class has had all to gain and nothing to lose, while the subject class has had nothing to gain and all to lose—especially their lives.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：纵观历史，战争多是为了侵略和掠夺。

厦门大学汉译英(I)

第三部分汉译英的标准与可译度相关参考：语言之间的词汇空缺现象是一种普遍存在而又给翻译造成很多困难的现象，可以概括为：一、由于生活环境、经验的差异而引起的词汇空缺”；二、由于风俗习惯的不同而引起的词汇空缺；三、由于宗教信仰的不同而引起的词汇空缺；四、由于对客观世界认识的不同而引起的词汇空缺；五、由于语言或非语言方面的原因而引起的词汇空缺。

辩证唯物主义认为，语言常常是客观世界的反映，是一种社会现象。

人们生活、劳动在一种什么样的环境里，就会产生出什么样的语言。

如果某一事物在人们所生活的客观环境里不存在，那么语言中就可能出现空缺。

比如在英国，竹子不是一种土生土长的植物，因此，语言中就缺乏这方面的原始词汇。

汉语中的“笋”字只能译成“bamboo-shoot”（意即“竹芽”），甚至连bamboo这个词也是从外来语接引过去的。

又比如“salad”（色拉）这种凉拌蔬菜源于法国，英国人最先没有这道菜，语言中也不存在这个词，只好从法语中原封不动地移过来。

其次由于风俗习惯的不同，不同语言之间可能出现相对的词汇空缺现象。

中国人把生孩子、娶媳妇、贺生日称为“红喜”，把死人的事称为“白喜”，语言中也有“红白喜事”的表示法。

对于没有接触过中国文化或佛教文化的欧美人来说，把死人也当成一大“喜事”，令人大惑不解。

欧美人多信基督教，认为世界是上帝创造的，世上一切也都按上帝的旨意安排。

而在传统中，中国人心目中只有“开天辟地”的盘古和“主宰自然界”的天老爷。

“上帝”（God, Dieu, Gott）和“天老爷”所代表的东西不相同，含义也不一样。

特别是“上帝”这个概念，它具有较浓的基督色彩，是欧美文化的个性，虽然我们可以把英语的“My God!”译成“天哪！”把法语的“Dieu soit loue”译成“谢天谢地”，但反过来把汉语的“天”译成“God”或“Dieu”，有时就不很合适。

翻译古典文献时尤其如此。

再如，汉语和英语中都有“龙”的字眼，但“龙”在英语文化中是没有“地位”的爬行动物，是可怕的恶的象征，在汉语中则恰恰相反。

厦门大学_英文版介绍

Xiamen University1.IntroductionXiamen University, located in Xiamen, Fujian province, is the first university in China founded by overseas Chinese. Before 1949, it was originally known as the University of Amoy. The university is one of many comprehensive universities directly administered by the Chinese Ministry of Education. In 1995 it was included in the list of the "211" Project for the state key construction; in 2000 it became one of China’s higher-level universities designated for the state key construction of the 985 Project.1.1 HistoryIn 1919, Mr. Tan kah kee, the well-known overseas Chinese leader, donated millions of dollars to establish and endow Xiamen University, officially founded in 1921. It is regarded as one of the most prestigious and selective universities in China.Mr. Tan handed over Xiamen University to the government in 1937 due to lack of funds, and the institution subsequently became a national university.In 1938, at the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, the university temporary relocated to Changting in Min Xi county, western Fujian.At the end of World War II in 1946, Xiamen University moved back to Xiamen and resumed normal operations.In 1952, Xiamen University became a comprehensive university, and has been designated as a national key university since 1962. Then, in 1952 it became a comprehensive university embracing both arts and science. In 1963, it was designated as a state key university. In 1995, it was included in the list of the "211 Project" for the state key construction; in 2000, it became one of China’s higher-level universities designated for the state key construction of the "985"Project.1.2 School MottoOver the past eighty six years, as the result of following the school motto "Pursue Excellence, Strive for Perfection", Xiamen University has accumulated rich experience in offering its educational programs and has presented its different features in running the programs. Equipped with a strong team of faculty and staff, Xiamen University, which provides a fairly complete range of programs of education, has become a first-class comprehensive university in China with a mass of international influence. Since its founding, Xiamen University has produced more than 140,000 undergraduates and graduates for the country.1.3 TeachersXiamen University has a high level team of faculty and staff including 2,282 full-time faculty and professional researchers. Many of them own the honour of the "Leading Figure for the New Century ". With so many excellent teachers, Xiamen University will have a bright future.Xiamen University has set up over 80 research institutions, including 2 State Key Laboratories, 1 State Engineering Research Center 4 Education Ministry Key Laboratories, and 5 state key research bases in humanities and social science. In 2005, the Science Park of Xiamen University was recognized as a state university science park by the Ministry of Education. Xiamen University has strong potentiality in human and science research. Taiwan studies, Southeast Asian studies, economic studies, and accounting studies are at the highest tier among domestic universities.1.4 Student.The university now has a total enrollment of over 35,000 full-time students on campus, including 20,195 undergraduates, 12,213 master students, 2,023 doctoral students, and over 1200 international students. In 2005, Xiamen University received a straight-A score in the undergraduate level Teaching Appraisal organized by the Ministry of Education and in the later years it also keep a good level in China.1.4.1 Students' impression of OECStudents at the University are well disciplined, not leaving litter or spitting. As I wander around the campus, I often see people cleaning up, creating a clean environment on the campus. In theUniversity, no matter who you are, you feel welcome everywhere, people smile at you, and are friendly, willing to talk with you and help you."--- VERINE TAN from America "Our teachers not only give us lessons, but also give us the chance to practice. Combining teaching and practice makes us acquire more knowledge!"--- Student of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Malaysia "Xiamen University is indeed beautiful! I was enchanted and delighted by its beauty at first sight. Fresh air, a clean campus, and friendly people! Great changes have taken place in China."--- JI EUN JANG from Korea 1.5 Application and Admission in Henan Province.Y ears Admitmarks(arts) Marksline(arts)Admitmarks(science)Marksline(science)2011 609 562 635 5822010 579 532 612 5522009 581 552 617 5672008 596 557 614 5632007 624 589 638 5962.Founding fatherMr. Tan kah kee (1874-1961) is an overseas Chinese legend. Mr. Tan kah kee's legacies have inspired many in Southeast Asia, by Comrade Mao Zedong as the "Flag of the Overseas Chinese and Glory of the Nation." From humble immigrant origins, he rose to a prominence, which few can match. Best remembered as an eminent entrepreneur, social reformer, political activist, philanthropist, community leader, and educationist, he died at the age of 87 in Beijing on August 12 1961 and was accorded a national funeral by the Chinese Government for his contribution to the society.3.CampusThe University has a total campus area of over 538 hectares. The Main Campus on Xiamen Island has an area of 167 hectares; the Zhangzhou Campus is 171 hectares in area; and the Jimei Campus has an area of 200 hectares. Xiamen University's main campus is located in Siming District, southwestern Xiamen. Located at the foot of the green mountains, facing the blue ocean and surrounded by Xiamen bay. With green hills behind and the sea close by, the three campuses are set amidst delightful scenery and are generally recognised as one of the most beautiful campuses in China. the university also has campuses at Jimei and Zhangzhou. The Xiamen campus of Xiamen University is remarked as "the most beautiful campus in China". It is at the foot of mountain and beside the seashore, with two lakes within the campus and trees, flowers and green lawn everywhere. The beautiful and peaceful environment is very good for self-reflection.3.1 The gate of Xiamen University.It was the largest university gate in China in that year. The whole building was made of rock. It looks like a bird which opens its wing to fly in the sky. It means the university will make progress and have a bright future. And its three arches signify Xiamen University's pardon and opening. The four words "Xiamen University" was written by a famous writer-Luxun. The whole gate expresses some Xiamen University’s main specialties.3.2 Jiannan Auditorium ComplexThere is a famous hall named "Jiannan assembly hall". This building style is full of classical and modern art. Mr. Chen kah kee personally participate in the hall’s design and project supervision. It was built in 1952, and finished in 1954. The hall's construction is wonderful article excelling nature. It combines ancient and modern, Chinese and Western, and it become a particular building learning widely from others' strong points. Five halls are arranged appearing camber and they are facing the ocean. This building is also the symol in Xiamen.It can hold 4000 students at the same time. It's not only big, but also grandness.3.3 Lotus TunnelThis is also one of the symol buildings in the university. It is 1455m long. Among them, pedestrian tunnel is 1015 meters long, 8m wide and 5.1m high. In the Xiamen University, all the studentsknows Lotus tunnel, which is named Graffiti tunnel by our students now. It had been clean and clear. There were rows of fluorescent lamps. The locomotive was forbidden in the tunnel. Even if we walked in the tunnel at deep night, we can also feel safe. Later, the fluorescent lamps went out and they were changed by energy-saving lamps that there were few bright spots. One day many pictures dropped from the skies in the white wall.In this tunnel, students can draw pictures, or write the pop words. It was design by the students. Some of them are about love, some of them are about friendship. This "chicken tracks" attract others attention and become the symbol of this university.3.4 Economics ComplexThe complex of School of Economics was located near the West Gate of Xiamen Campus. It consists of five buildings, which are all connected with piazzas and inlaid with gardens. Each teacher can expect to have an office of different size in the building. There are also sports rooms especially equipped for teachers.3.5 LibraryThe XMU's library is set up in 1921. Now it has one main library, two medical libraries, three specialty libraries and seven reference rooms. It occupies 6.68 million square meters. It is a five star library. In 2005, there had been 4,090 thousands books. The books are keeping in library by the numbers and the association about Southeast Asia and Taiwan is so distinctive. Now the perfect checking system can be handled in internet.The library has five floors. There is full room for students to read and study. There are always most students in every floor and in the time close to exam there will be no room if you get late. We can see a university's good atmosphere in there.4.FutureNow, Xiamen University has four campuses. They are cadre campus, zhangzhou campus, haiyun campus and xiang'an campus. Among them the xiang'an campus is being put up. Every campus has its good hardware capacities to give students and teachers rich sources. They are linked tightly very much. Different grades' students and those students who learn different majors will live in different campus. And every campus' choosing is upon different students' features. Xiamen University, thispolicy makes full use of its sources and let its students have their suitable learning and living atmosphere.Xiamen University is making great strides towards its goal of "building a high-level university well-known both at home and abroad." From the time it was set up, more and more talents go out from this university. Under its special policy, professional teaching team and good studying atmosphere, it must will give China and even our human beings more and more fresh blood. Following the school motto "Pursue Excellence, Strive for Perfection", Xiamen University will have a bright future. The university will provide more undergraduates and graduates for the country to do what they can do. And there will be more brand new technology from them. It was like a new beautiful word there.For me, I also want to say. May be, today, I'm studying in Shenda not Xiada, but I can also use the motto from this university in order to improve myself. I have confidence that I can do better than those Xiada’s students and I must accomplish it.Xiamen University is really a good place that has good environment and most top talents. But I want to say, being young, knowledgeable and self-motivated, they will become the leading economists and economics educators of tomorrow. No mater where we study now, we can also make big progress。

2023年厦门大学英语口译资格证书考试级考试形式内容水平评分标准

第一部分：英语口译资格证书考试一级Part One: English Interpreting Certificate（EIC I）一.级别描述英语口译资格证书考试一级规定考生具有相称于大学英语四级水平的英语语言能力，词汇量约为4000，可以纯熟地进行接待性口语交流，并熟悉对话口译所需的基本技能。

获得该级证书者能为一般性的交谈提供口译服务，工作场合涉及外事接待、宾馆餐饮服务、旅游购物、生活陪同等。

二.考试形式和内容英语口译资格证书一级考试时间为30分钟，内容涉及单句口译（英译汉及汉译英）和小型对话口译，考生对听到的内容逐句进行口译。

三.适合报考对象具有大学英语四级或同等英语水平的在校学生、政府部门或公司职工、酒店工作人员、导游、社区服务人员及初步掌握口译技能并想证明自己英语口译水平的社会各界人士。

四.评判标准及量化评分表考试评分采用英语口译资格证书考试量化评分表。

评分着重考察以下四个方面：1)信息传递，即译文信息是否准确、完整，内容是否连贯符合逻辑。

此项得分占40%，其中10分（即该项总分的25%）为记分起点，即该项得分不能超过10分者一律不予及格；2)语言使用，即考察考生使用的语言（涉及中文和英文）是否符合规范，容易理解，专业术语是否准确等。

此项得分占30%，其中8分为记分起点，即该项得分不能超过8分者一律不予及格；3)译文表述，即考生表达是否自然流利，发音是否清楚，语速是否适中档等。

此项得分占20%，其中5分为记分起点，即该项得分不能超过5分者一律不予及格；4)综合素质，即考生在现场表现出来的知识面、交际能力、应变能力以及对口译技巧的灵活应用等。

此项得分占10%，其中2分为记分起点，即该项得分不能超过2分者一律不予及格。

第二部分：英语口译资格证书考试二级Part Two: English Interpreting Certificate (EIC II)一.级别描述英语口译资格证书考试二级规定考生具有较好的英语语言能力，限度相称于大学英语六级或英语专业四级水平，词汇量为5,500以上。

厦门大学汉译英（2）

厦门⼤学汉译英（2）第⼆部分汉英⽂化⽐较相关参考：“⽂化的内涵丰富，包括社会组织、政经制度。

学术思想、风俗习惯等等，语⾔也在其内。

……学英语，既要在语⾔之⼤学，也要在语⾔之外——在社会⽂化背景中学。

”——王宗炎，1993年现在⼈们认识到，语⾔⾄少有两套规则：⼀是结构规则，即语⾳、词汇、语法等，⼆是使⽤规则，即决定使⽤语⾔是否得体的诸因素。

⼀句完全合乎语法的话，⽤于不恰当的场合，说得不合说话⼈的⾝份，或者违反当地的社会风俗习惯，就达不到交际的⽬的，有时甚⾄造成意想不到的后果。

语⾔的使⽤规则实际上就是这种语⾔所属⽂化的各种因素。

因此，学习和运⽤外语必须了解与这种外语有密切关系的⽂化。

如果掌握语法知识有助于保证所造的外语句⼦结构正确，那么熟悉有关⽂化知识则有助于保证使⽤外语得当。

——邓炎昌、刘润清，《语⾔⽂⽂化》第⼀节⽂化和语⾔的关系⼀、⽂化戚⾬村先⽣在《语⾔·⽂化·对⽐》⼀⽂中，对⼴义⽂化和狭义⽂化作了精辟的概括：“⼴义的⽂化指⼈类社会历史实践过程中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和，狭义的⽂化指社会意识形态、以及与之相适应的制度和组织机构；有时也特指教育、科学、⽂学、艺术等⽅⾯的精神财富，以便与政治、经济、军事等⽅⾯的知识和设施相区别。

”（见《外语研究》1992年第2期）⼴义的⽂化包括三个层次的内容：(1)物质⽂化，如建筑物、服饰、⾷品、⼯具等；(2)制度习俗⽂化，包括制度、法规，以及相应的设施和风俗习惯等；(3)精神⽂化，包括价值观念、思维⽅式、宗教信仰等，也包括哲学、科学、⽂学艺术⽅⾯的成就和产品。

⼆、⽂化中的语⾔语⾔是⽂化的⼀部分，是极其重要的⼀部分，因此可以说，⽂化是语⾔活动的⼤环境。

⽂化反映在语⾔⽂字中，⽂化⼜存在于使⽤该语⾔⽂字民族的知识结构中。

语⾔中的⽂化因素与⼈们头脑中的⽂化意识相互作⽤，由此完成⼈际交流的任务。

原有的⽂化环境⼀旦改变或失去，或⽂化得以寄托的语⾔系统发⽣变化，⽂语联系就要中断，仅靠语⾔本⾝的概念意义，交流的任务可能难以完成，甚⾄失败。

2020年厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题

2020年厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题Ⅰ汉译英1. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

答案：Nothing ventured, nothing gained.2. 她生来才貌双全。

答案：She is endowed with both wit and beauty.3. 服装纺织业答案：the textile and clothing industry4. 中国人民政治协商会议答案：CPPCC (Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference)5. 法定节日答案：legal festivals6. 国家烟草专卖局答案：State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau7. 磁悬浮铁轨答案：magnetic levitation (maglev) rail8. 节能减排答案：energy conservation and emission reduction9. 加快自主创新的步伐答案：to accelerate the pace of independent innovation10. 不断完善有利于科学发展的体制机制答案：constantly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically11. 改善民主答案：improve democracy12. 加快发展社会事业答案：to accelerate the development of social programs13. 实施医药卫生体制改革答案：to implement the health care system reform14. 提高宏观调控水平答案：to improve macroeconomic regulation15. 物以类聚，人以群分。

答案：Birds of a feather flock together.Ⅱ英译汉1. an Irish goodbye答案：爱尔兰式告别2. helicopter parent答案：直升机父母(直升机父母是目前国际上流行的一个新词语。

厦门大学英语口译考试III级(2009年春季)

厦门大学英语口译考试III级（2009年春季）第一部分：汉译英要求：请在原音停顿、录音开始时口译听到的段落。

女士们、先生们，上午好！感谢大家来参加这次新闻发布会。

最近一段时间在一些国家和地区爆发了甲型H1N1流感疫情，这引起了市委市政府的高度重视，专门开会研究部署了疫情防控工作，并成立了由卫生局、公安局、检验检疫局等单位联合组成的疫情防控小组，在此我谨代表检疫局介绍一下我市检疫部门的防控工作，并回答各位关心的问题。

// 由于我市是沿海地区重要的出入境口岸，从4月25日起，我们在机场和码头等场所全面加强了出入境旅客的体温检测，下面我汇报一下目前的情况。

截至昨日，共发现21例发烧病人，但没有发现人感染甲型流感的病例报告。

这21例发烧病人中，有15人是入境旅客，6人是出境旅客，经过我市相关医院的诊断，有18例属于普通感冒，其他3例属于肠道疾病，所以排除了甲型流感的可能。

//但是，我们的出入境检疫工作并没有因此放松，除了体温检测外，我们还在以下几个方面加强了防控工作：一，对每一个入境旅客发放健康申明卡。

健康申明卡要求旅客填写姓名、联系方式、过去2周去过的国家和地区、以及与流感患者的接触史等，以便发生紧急情况能够及时找到相关旅客。

检疫人员将旅客填写的内容与旅客的护照等有效证件逐一核对，若内容与本人证件信息不相符，有权拒绝其入境请求。

//二，进一步加强交通工具的消毒和旅客携带物的查验。

对入境旅客的行李进行严格的检验检疫，防止任何违禁物品入境。

三，对来自疫病流行国家和地区的所有人员需要实施两次体温检测，若体温异常或有感冒症状的，要询问病史和接触史，对认为需要隔离的，按规定程序交当地卫生部门实施，做到疫病早发现、早报告、早诊断、早隔离、早治疗。

//四，通过广播、电视、报纸、网站等媒体向公众宣传甲型流感知识，介绍我市的防控现状，缓解不必要的紧张情绪。

另一方面，我们也想借此机会提醒公众养成良好的卫生习惯，注意个人卫生，这包括勤洗手、喝开水、吃熟食等等。

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第九部分2005年英语专业八级考试大纲一考试目的本考试的目的是全面检查已完成英语专业高年级阶段课程的学生是否达到了《大纲》所规定的英语语言综合运用能力标准以及英语专业知识的要求。

二考试的性质与范围本考试属于标准参考性教学检查类考试.考试范围包括《大纲》所规定的听、读、写、译四个方面的能力以及英语专业知识.三考试时间、对象与命题本考试在英语专业第八学期举行,每年一次.考试对象为英语专业四年级学生.本考试由教育部高等学校外语专业教学指导委员会英语组组织有关命题专家命题, 外语专业教学指导委员会办公室负责考试的实施.四考试形式为了有效考核学生综合运用英语进行交际的能力,既兼顾考试的科学性、客观性,又考虑到考试的可行性以及高年级阶段英语水平评估的特点,本考试采用多种考试形式,以保证考试的效度和信度.五考试内容本考试共有六个部分:听力理解、阅读理解、人文知识、改错、翻译、写作。

整个考试需时185分钟。

I 听力理解（Part I : Listening Comprehension）1. 测试要求:(a )能听懂真实交际场合中的各种英语会话和讲话。

(b)能听懂VOA、BBC或CNN等国外媒体节目中有关政治、经济、文化、教育、科技等方面的专题报道。

(d)考试时间约25分钟2.测试形式:本部分采用填空题和多项选择题形式,分三节:Section A, Section B, Section C,共20题。

Section A: Mini-lecture本部分由一个约900个单词的讲座和一项填空任务组成。

要求学生先边听边做笔记，然后完成填空任务。

答题时间约为10分钟。

本部分共有10题。

Section B: Conversation or Interview本部分由一个约800个单词会话组成。

会话后有5道多项选择题。

Section C：News Broadcast在若干段新闻报道，后有5道多项选择题。

Section B & Section C的每道多项选择题后有10秒的间隙,要求学生从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

听力理解部分的录音语速为每分钟约150个单词,念一遍。

3.测试目的:测试学生获得口头信息的能力。

4.选材原则:(a)VOA和BBC新闻材料为学生所熟悉的一般新闻报道、短评或讲话等。

(b)对话部分的内容与学生的日常生活、工作和学习活动相关。

II. 阅读理解(Part II: Reading Comprehension)1.测试要求:(a) 能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评。

(b) 能读懂有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品。

(d) 能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和阅读技巧。

(f) 考试时间30分钟2.测试形式:本部分采用多项选择题,由数篇阅读材料组成。

阅读材料约含3000个单词。

每篇材料后有若干道题。

学生应根据所读材料内容,从每道题的四个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。

共20道题。

3.测试目的:本部分测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力,考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和技巧的程度。

既要求准确性,也要求一定的速度。

阅读速度为每分钟150个单词。

4.选材原则:(a )题材广泛,包括社会、科技、文化、经济、日常知识、人物传记等。

(b)体裁多样,包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表等。

(c)关键词汇基本上不超出《大纲》规定的范围。

III．人文知识（Part III：General Knowledge）1．测试要求:(a) 能基本了解主要英语国家的地理、历史、现状、文化传统等。

(b) 能初步具备英语文学知识。

(d) 考试时间10分钟2.测试形式:本部分采用多项选择题,要求学生从每道题的四个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。

共10道题。

3.测试目的:本部分测试学生对主要英语国家社会与文化、英语文学与英语语言学基本知识的掌握程度。

4．测试范围：（a）主要英语国家社会与文化知识。

（b）英语文学知识。

（c）英语语言学知识。

IV．改错（Part IV：Proofreading）1．测试要求:能运用语法、词汇、修辞等语言知识识别所给短文内容的语病并提出改正方法。

2．测试形式:本部分由一篇约250个单词的短文组成，短文中有10行标有题号。

该10行内含有一个语误。

要求学生根据“增添”、“删除”、或“改变其中某一个单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误。

本部分为主观试题，共10题。

考试时间15分钟。

3．测试目的:测试学生运用语言知识的能力。

V．翻译（Part V：Translation）1．测试要求:（a）能运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译我国报刊杂志上的文章和一般文学作品。

速度为每小时250至300个汉字。

译文必须忠实原意，语言通顺、流畅。

（b）能运用英译汉的理论和技巧，翻译英美报刊杂志上的文章和文学原著。

速度为每小时250至300个英文单词。

译文必须忠实原意，语言通顺、流畅。

2．测试形式:本部分为主观试题，分两个项目。

考试时间60分钟。

Section A：From Chinese to English将一段150个汉字组成的段落译成英语。

Section B: From English to Chinese将一段150个英文单词组成的段落译成汉语。

3．测试目的:测试学生的翻译能力。

VI.写作(Part VI: Writing )1. 测试要求:能根据所给的作文题目及要求撰写各类体裁的文章，文章长度约400个单词；能做到内容充实、语言通顺、用词恰当、表达得体。

2. 测试形式:本部分为主观试题,共一个作文题目。

考试时间45分钟。

3. 测试目的:按照《大纲》的要求测试学生的写作能力。

英语专业八级答题和计分填空、改错、翻译和作文做在规定的主观题答题卷上。

多项选择题的答案写在客观题答题卷上。

凡是写在试题册上的一律无效,予以作废。

试卷各部分采用记权方式折算成百分制。

以60分为及格标准。

英语专业八级考试翻译练习（1）TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the following underlined text into English.简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。

因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。

但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。

有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。

这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。

史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。

也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESETranslate the following underlined text into Chinese.I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outsid e world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all themany vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are, sadly, more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.英语专业八级考试翻译练习（2）TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the following underlined text into English.近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。