人教版 必修二 第四单元词汇

一．New words:1．decrease① v.降低，减少，（使）变小/少decrease in 在…方面减少decrease from … to…从…减少到…\decrease to减少到…decrease by减少了…This species of birds is decreasing in numbers every year.The number of new students decreased from 1,200 to 900 this year. ■increase增加increase to增加（长）到…increase by增加（长）了…on the increase在增加2．loss n.损失，遗失，丧失He will try his best to make up for the loss.The loss of his wife was a great blow to him.■at a loss不知所措，不知如何是好■（be）lost in thought陷入沉思3．reserve n.保护区，储存，保留v.预定，保留This area was once a wildlife reserve.I have reserved a table at the restaurant.We will reserve the money, we may need it later.我们将把这笔钱存起来，也许以后用得着。

4.hunt①打猎，猎取He spent the whole day hunting deer.go hunting去打猎We will go hunting this Sunday morning if the weather permits.②搜寻hunt for搜索，追寻，寻找hunt sp. for为寻找…搜索某地She is still hunting for a new job.I have hunted everywhere for my watch, but I can’t find it. 5．respond v.回答，做出反应，回报respond to回答/应答…,对…做出答复/回复She didn’t respond to my question.He responded to my offer with a laugh.6．mercy n.仁慈，宽容，怜悯show mercy to sb.= show sb. mercy同情，怜悯某人without mercy毫不留情地，残忍地The judge showed no mercy to the drunk driver.In the past, some farmers killed elephants without mercy.At the mercy of 任由---的支配7．certain adj.①某个，某些（作前置定语）She left him for a certain reason.The library is only open at certain times of day.②确定的，一定（作表语，相当于sure）be certain to do 一定会做某事be certain of/about (doing)对（做）某事有把握He is certain to win the race.I am certain of your success.8. contain v.①包含，容纳，装有，含有I am glad to find the book which contains all the information I need.②抑制，控制，克制（强烈的情感）He was too angry to contain himself.9.affect v.①影响The global warming affected the amount of rainfall here.②使感动，激起（悲伤，愤怒，爱等情绪）The students were deeply affected by the story.He was much affected by the sad news.③(疾病)侵袭，感染The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight.10．appreciate 『vt』鉴赏，感激，意识到①理解，意识到，领会I don’t think you appreciate how expensive it will be.We didn’t fully appreciate that he was seriously ill.②欣赏，赏识，重视，鉴赏He appreciates your talents.His works were not appreciated until after his death.③感谢，感激appreciate (one’s) doing 感激（某人）做某事I would appreciate it if…如果…, 我将不胜感激I really appreciate your coming.I would appreciate it if you lent me a hand.11．succeed『vt』接替，继任①成功succeed in (doing) sth.成功地做某事He succeed in (passing) the entrance examination and was admitted to Hong Kong university.②接替，继任，继承succeed sb. (as)接替某人（担任…）succeed to sth. 继承某物He will succeed his father as manager of the shop.Who will succeed to the property?12. employ v.①雇用The firm employed more hands.②利用（时间，精力等）You should employ your money more wisely.③employ sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事The supermarket has employed some middle-aged women to do the cleaning.④employ oneself in (doing) sth.=be employed in (doing) sth.忙于某事，从事某活动She employed herself in writing all day.■employer雇主employee雇员13. harm 伤害，损害Noise can harm our health.do harm to sb./do sb. harm伤害某人Reading in the sun does harm to your eyes.■do sb. good=do good to sb.对某人有好处14．inspect v.检查，检验；视察，检阅You should inspect the car well before you buy it.The Minister of Education inspected our school.二．Some important phrases1．die out①灭亡，灭绝This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.②（风俗，习惯等）逐渐消失Many old customs have died out because they are out of date.■die away(声音，光线，风等)逐渐平息，渐弱The wind had died away by dusk.■die off(家族，种族等)相继灭亡；（草木）先后枯死The leaves of the tree are dying off.■die down(火，兴奋程度)渐弱，渐息；（=die away）(声音，光线等)变弱，消失The noisy has died down.2.in peace和平地，和睦地，安静地The two countries live together in peace.Please let me go on with my work in peace.■in trouble在困境中in order井然有序in difficulty处于困难中■in public公开地in silence沉默地3.in danger of在危险中，垂危If he carries on like thi s, he’s in danger of losing his job.■in danger处于危险中，垂危out of danger脱离危险I don’t want to put you in danger.With the help of the man, the little girl is out of danger.4．in relief如释重负，松了口气I smiled in relief after I heard I had passed the examination.To her relief, her younger brother recovered quickly.This medicine will give you some relief.5. protect…from/against保护…免受…,使…免受…We set up a wildlife reserve to protect animals from being hunted. 8．according to按照，根据…所说According to the latest survey, many British suffer from heart disease. They are paid according to how long they are employed.9．so that…以至于…,结果…;为了…,以便…It hadn’t rained for a few months so that the crops were dried.(结果) She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time.(目的)。