人教版必修五备课资料：Unit4Makingthenews倒装

倒装
在英语中，为了强调或者出于语法结构的需要，往往采用倒装语序。

倒装一般有两种：一种是将主语和谓语换位，叫做完全倒装；另一种是将谓语的一部分（通常是助动词或情态动词）移至主语之前，叫做部分倒装。

如：
Into the shop came two customers.（完全倒装）
Seldom have I read an article that was so full of lies.（部分倒装）
归纳
★常见的完全倒装的情况
1. 当表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词时。

如：
Under the tree is sitting a handsome young boy.
In front of the playground is a newlybuilt house.
2. 当out, in, up, down, off, here, there, now, then等副词位于句首且主语为名词时。

如：
In came the English teacher with a book in his hand.
Here es the assistant you want to see.
3. 在there be结构中。

如：
There is a man at the bus stop.
4. 当作表语的形容词、过去分词等位于句首且主语为名词时。

如：
Present at the party were all worldfamous singers.
5. 在某些表示祝愿的句子中。

如：
Long live our friendship
★常见的部分倒装的情况
1. 当含有否定意义的副词或连词hardly, never, not, little, seldom, no longer, not only, not until等位于句首时。

如：
Never before have I seen such a thrilling film.
Little did I know that my life was about to change.
注意：
① not only ... but also ... 连接两个并列分句时，如果not only位于句首，则前一分句倒装，后一分句仍然用陈述语序。

如：
Not only did I know Helen, but also I was her best friend.
② not until后跟状语从句位于句首时，从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。

如：
Not until her son came back did Mrs. White go to bed last night.
2. only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。

如：
Only in this way was Jack able to make himself understood.
Only then did I know the importance of friendship.
Only after she finished the homework did she leave.
注意：如果only修饰主语位于句首时，句子不倒装。

如：
Only a few students can answer this question.
3. so, neither, nor引起的句子，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。

如：
Mrs. Wang has gone abroad, so has her daughter.
If you don’t attend the meeting, neither / nor will I.
4. as引导让步状语从句时，常将表语、状语或谓语提前，构成倒装。

此时as可与连词though替换。

如：
Angry as / though Professor Smith was, he managed to speak calmly.
5. if引导虚拟条件句时，可将if省略，同时将were / had / should等提至主语前。

如：
Had Mike got up earlier, he could have caught the bus.
即学即练根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。

1. On the wall ____________________ (挂着一幅齐白石的画).
2. Only when I got home ____________________ (我才意识到发生了什么).
3. ____________________ (尽管我很疲惫), I continued my work.
4. ____________________ (那位顾客不仅抱怨饭菜), he also refused to pay for it.
5. I haven’t been to France, ____________________ (吉姆也没去过).
答案
即学即练
1. hangs a painting by Qi Baishi
2. did I realize what had happened
3. Tired as / though I was
4. Not only did the customer plain about the meal
5. neither / nor has Jim。