河南省信阳高级中学2016届高三上学期第八次大考化学试题 Word版含答案
高考化学复习河南省信阳市高级中学高三下期化学开学考试卷(含解析).docx
高中化学学习材料（灿若寒星**整理制作）河南省信阳市高级中学2016届高三下期化学开学考试卷（含解析）1、研究表明：多种海产品如虾、蟹、牡蛎等，体内含有+5价的砷（As ）元素，但它对人体是无毒的，砒霜的成分是As 2O 3，属剧毒物质。
专家忠告：吃饭时不要同时大量食用海鲜和青菜，否则容易中毒，并给出了一个公式：大量海鲜+大量维生素 C = 砒霜。
下面有关解释不正确的应该是( )A ．青菜中含有维生素CB ．维生素C 具有还原性C ．砒霜是氧化产物D ．致人中毒过程中砷元素发生还原反应【答案】C2、下列排列顺序正确的是（ ）①酸性：H 3PO 4 > H 2SO 4 > HClO 4 ②热稳定性：H 2O > HF > H 2S ③原子半径：Na>Mg>O ④还原性：F －> Cl －> S2－ ⑤结合H +的能力：OH －＞CH 3COO －＞Cl －A ．③⑤B ．②③C ．①③④D ．②④⑤【答案】A3、有一真空瓶质量为1m ，该瓶充入空气后质量为2m 。
在相同状况下，若改为充入某气体A 时，总质量为3m 。
则A 的相对分子质量是（ ）A ．12m m ×29B ．13m m ×29C ．1213m m m m --×29 D ．1312m m m m --×29【答案】C【解析】不管在瓶中充入何种气体，在相同状况下，其体积和物质的量均是相等的。
设A 的相对分子质量是χ，则根据2912m m -＝χ13m m -，得χ＝1213m m m m --×29。
故应选C 。
4、下列物质中，属于电解质的是（ ）A ．银B ．氯气C ．氯化钠D ．蔗糖溶液【答案】C5、气体x 可能由NH 3、Cl 2、H 2S 、HBr 、CO 2中的一种或几种组成。
已知：x 通入AgNO 3溶液时产生淡黄色沉淀，该沉淀不溶于稀HNO 3；若将x 通入澄清石灰水，却不见沉淀产生，则有关气体x 的成分，下列说法正确的是（ ）①一定含有HBr ，可能含有CO 2 ②一定不含CO 2③一定不含NH 3、Cl 2、H 2S ④可能含有CO 2、Cl 2A．① B．③ C．①③ D．②③【答案】C6、Q、W、X、Y、Z是原子序数依次增大的短周期元素，X的焰色反应呈黄色。
化学---河南省信阳市高级中学2016-2017学年高二上学期期中考试试题
河南省信阳市高级中学2016-2017学年高二上学期期中考试试题可能用到的H:1 C:12 O:16 Na:23 Al:27 S:32 Cl:35.5 Cu:64 Ba:1371．下列说法不正确．．．的是（ ） A ．明矾净水的原理是Al 3+水解产生Al(OH)3胶体，Al(OH)3胶体能吸附水中的悬浮杂质，并使之沉降B ．摩尔盐的制备原理为：6H 2O+FeSO 4+(NH 4)2SO 4=(NH 4)2Fe(SO 4)•6H 2O ，反应之所以能进行的原因是(NH 4)2Fe(SO 4)•6H 2O 溶解度最小C ．镀锌铁皮在酸中溶解，当镀层反应完全时，产生氢气的速率会突然减慢D ．将火柴头直接浸入品红溶液中，可以检验火柴头中是否含有硫元素2．下列事实中，与电化学腐蚀无关的是（ ）A ．用于连接铜板的铁螺丝容易生锈B ．为保护海轮的船壳，常在船壳上镶入锌块C ．生铁比纯铁容易生锈D ．在铁中加入铬等特殊金属形成不锈钢3．在25 ℃时，将两个铂电极插入一定量的Na 2SO 4饱和溶液中进行电解，通电一段时间后，阴极逸出a mol 气体，同时有W g Na 2SO 4·10H 2O 晶体析出。
若温度保持不变，剩余溶液中溶质的质量分数为( ) A.%10018⨯+a W W B.%10036⨯+a W W C.()%361617100a W W + D.()%181617100a W W + 4．下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．酸性溶液中水的电离程度一定比纯水的电离程度小B ．室温下：pH=3的醋酸和pH=11的NaOH 溶液等体积混合后，pH>7C ．HA 的酸性比HB 的强，则Na A 溶液的pH 一定比NaB 溶液的小D ．0.1mol/L Na 2CO 3溶液和0.1mol/L NaHSO 4溶液等体积混合，溶液中c(Na +)>c(SO 24-) >c(HCO 3-)> c(OH -)> c(H +)5．―天宫一号‖是中国第一个目标飞行器，于2011年9月29日晚在捆绑式火箭助推器作用下圆满发射成功，充分展示了我国航天水平的雄厚实力。
河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期8月月考英语试题(含解析)
信阳高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期8月月考英语试题注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AWhen facing the task of deciding your major, you should remember that the decision you make doesn’t mean you are only destined for one path.QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF AS YOU MAKE YOUR DECISION●Do I have a career in mindAlthough your major does not necessarily dictate your career, some jobs do require a certain field of study. If you have your future career in mind, do your research and find out the education requirements. If you are at a loss with what you want to do, go ahead and research different career fields. A certain job mightpique your interest, and that could prompt you to pick a certain major.●How much does money matterSome majors do have higher potential earnings than others. If earning a lot of money is a primary goal for you, search for majors that pay off well. Feel free to reach out to the Career Center for more information on higher-earning majors and careers.●What do I love to doIf you love what you study, you will be more likely to pay full attention to your classes. which will probably lead to better grades and valuable connections in the field. Also you will find your college years more fulfilling if you cultivate your passion!TIPS FOR DISCOVERING WHAT INTERESTS YOU●Explore different courses!Don’t take random free electives just to meet the credit requirement for graduation. Explore different subjects! By branching out of what you know, you may discover an unexpected aptitude for sport management, or realize that you love psychology! Maybe an elective course could lead you to your major.●Meet with a CDC staff member!Your Career Development Center (CDC) is eager to help you! Meet with a peer Career Ambassador to talk about your career goals andthe options for you. Also consider scheduling an appointment with a professional staff member to discuss potential career paths, internships (实习), and more!●Utilize the CDC’s online resources!CDC offers many online resources for self-assessment and career search. We make recommendations for majors and careers based on your answers! See page 6 for more details of what we have to offer!1.If you don’t know what to choose as your future career, you need to ______.A.cultivate a related hobbyB.aim for well-paid jobsC.consider the education requirementsD.investigate different fields2.According to the passage, CDC could ______.A.give major-related adviceB.establish internship programmesC.define your future career goalsD.select an elective course for you3.Where is the passage probably taken fromA.A research paper.B.A commercial post.C.A college brochure.D.A recruitment notice.BThe new member to the UAE's astronaut training program, the first female Emirati (阿联酋) astronaut, hopes that her mechanical engineering degree will be her ticket to the moon.Nora AlMatrooshi and her fellow trainee astronaut Mohammad AlMulla were selected from 4000 highly qualified candidates to lead the nation’s 9.8 million citizens into space.The two are looking forward to the laborious 30-month program ahead of them which has already begun with them getting their divers’ licences, picking up the Russian language and training for their many media interviews—and will move on to flight and weightlessness school at the Johnson Space Centre in Texas and eventually cruel survival training.“They will need mechanical engineers to build a base on the moon,” says the 28-year-old, who represented her nation at the Mathematics Olympics and worked as an engineer at the National Petroleum Construction Company.AlMatrooshi says she has dreamed of the stars since kindergarten, when her teacher set up the classroom as the Lunar surface and the five-year-old future astronaut constructed a cardboard moonbase. That early longing to explore space charted her degree choice.“I actually went after it. I chose to study a degree in mechanical engineering because of a documentary I watched when I was in high school. It was about a group of astronauts going to the International Space Station and the role of the mechanical engineerwas highlighted,” she sa y.Leading big construction projects in the desert has helped equip the daughter of two academics—a PhD father and English teacher mother—for Lunar construction.AlMatrooshi’s fellow trainee astronaut, UAE police helicopter pilot AlMulla, meanwhile says as tronaut training has been “a big career change”.“I spent 15 years qualifying to be a pilot, including training in Australia for my commercial pilot’s licence,” says the father of two. “As a pilot you get used to mastering everything—suddenly I’m changing my path.”“I’m a big fan of SpaceX. The rockets and even the fancy space suits. And hopefully all four of us—and all the astronauts who come after us will get to be a part of future missions—perhaps even to the moon eventually.”4.What preparation have they made before the training programA.They have grasped their native language.B.They have had cruel survival training.C.They have learned to deal with the press.D.They have done some weightlessness training.5.Which is the major factor for AlMatrooshi to be a member of the training programA.She got help from her academic parents.B.She has had a big dream since her childhood.C.She has experience in big construction projects.D.She was the winner of the Mathematics Olympics.6.What does the underlined pa rt “I'm changing my path” refer toA.I’ll be a master of life.B.I’m an enthusiast for SpaceX.C.I’m settling my new problem.D.I’m starting a new life from scratch.7.Which of the following is a suitable title for the textA.The fans of Space XB.Dream and achievementsC.Passion and preparationsD.Future astronaut training programCWe breathe, eat and drink tiny particles of plastic. But are these in the body harmless. dangerous or somewhere in between A small study published on Wednesday in the New England Journal of Medicine raises more questions than it answers about how these hits might affect the heart.The study involved 257 people who had surgery to clear blocked blood vessels in their necks. Using two methods, researchers found evidence of plastics-mostly invisible nanoplastics — in 150 patients and no evidence of plastics in 107 patients. They followed these people for three years. During that time, 30 or 20% of those withplastics had a heart attack, stroke or died from any cause, compared to 8 or about 8% of those with no evidence of plastics. The researchers also found more evidence of inflammation (炎症) in the people with the plastic bits in their blood vessels. Inflammation is the body’s response to injury and is thought to raise the risk of heart attacks and stroke.“I hope that the alarming message will raise the consciousness of citizens, especially governments, to finally become aware of the importance of the health of our planet.” said Dr. Raffaele Marfella of the University of Campania in Italy.Nevertheless, the study was very small and looked only at people with narrowed arteries (动脉), who were already at risk for heart attack and stroke. The patients with the plastics had more heart disease, diabetes and high cholesterol (胆固醇) than the patients without plastics. They were more likely to be men and more likely to be smokers. The researchers tried to adjust for these risk factors during their statistical analysis, but they may have missed important differences between the groups that could account for the results. This kind of study cannot prove that the plastics caused their problems.“More research is needed and it is the first report suggesting a connection between microplastics and nanoplastics with disease inhumans,” said Dr. Philip Lan drigan of Boston College. Other scientists have found plastic bits in the lungs, liver, blood, and breast milk, “It does not prove cause and effect, but it suggests cause and effect,” he said, “And it needs urgently to be either confirmed or disproven (反驳) by other studies done by other investigators in other populations.”8.What did the study find about the plastics in bloodA.They are visible and detectable.B.They may raise the risk of serious injuries.C.They need to be removed by surgery.D.They may account for a higher rate of heart attacks.9.What did Raffaele Marfella suggestA.Immediate action should be taken by government.B.Alarming message should be spread widely and quickly.C.The awareness of the harm of plastic bits should be enhanced.D.Joint efforts must be made to keep healthy physically and mentally.10.What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about regarding the studyA.Limitations.B.Advantages.C.Causes.D.Effects.11.What did Dr. Philip Landrigan think of the studyA.Helpful but unrealistic.B.Pioneering but impractical.C.Distinctive but unnecessary.D.Suggestive but inconclusive.DHow often is your mind quiet If you’re a typical human being, the answer is probably very rarely. For most of our days, our attention is focused on external things—the tasks of our jobs, TV programs, or social media interactions. In the moments when our attention isn’t focused externally, it’s usually focused on what is called “thought-chatter”—a stream of mental associations consisting of expectations of the future, memories, daydreams, and so on.But from time to time, we all experience moments when our thought-chatter quiets down, or even disappears altogether. In these moments, we experience a sense of great well-being. We feel a sense of inner harmony. We feel a s if we’re free of problems, and feel satisfied with our lives as they are.There are many activities that have the effect of quieting our minds, and so produce a state of well-being.For example, think about what happens when you go walking in the countryside. You might feel stressed when you start out, but slowly, after-a couple of miles, your mind begins to settle down. The beauty and stillness of nature attracts your attention and you’re no longer in your thought-chatter. By the end of the walk you feel almost like a different person. You feel more alive, and much happier—largely because your mind is now quiet.This is why people love to look at beautiful works of art. When people see the paintings of Monet or van Gogh, they experience a mind-stopping mo ment, in which they’re taken out of their thinking minds and experience a sense of great well-being.The strange thing is, though, that most of the time this happens unconsciously (不知不觉地). We usually don’t associate this well-being with a quiet mind. And w e usually don’t think of a quiet mind as the aim or result of these activities.Our estimate of how enjoyable an activity is may depend on its mind-stopping capacity. In other words, the very best performances—and the most rewarding activities—are those which are so attractive and intense that they can completely stop our minds.I’m not saying that inner quietness is the only reason why we enjoy these activities. Nevertheless, we should certainly become more aware of the association of a quiet mind with well-being. And at the same time we should be aware that it’s possible for us to consciously and directly create a quiet mind; rather than as a byproduct of certain activities. And in the end we might develop a permanent quiet mind and attain a state of ongoing contentment and harmony.12.What can be inferred about thought-chatter试卷第1页，共3页A.It requires a lot of practice.C.It might be a talk with a friend.B.It might be unpleasant at times.D.It helps reach a state of silence.13.What are the examples of activities mentioned in the text mainly aboutA.What activities lead to well-being.B.What can be done to reduce stress.C.How we can make our minds quiet.D.How mental quietness leads to well-being.14.How can we determine how much pleasure an activity can give usA.By judging how much stress it can increase.B.By judging whether it takes place unconsciously.C.By judging to what extent it can quiet our minds.D.By judging whether it associates with well-being.15.What does the author intend to highlight in the last paragraphA.Creating a quiet mind for all time.B.Living a peaceful life permanently.C.Being in harmony with inner quietness.D.Participating in activities for inner quietness.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
【全国百强校】河南省信阳高级中学2016届高三上学期第八次大考生物试题解析(解析版)
第I卷一选择题（25小题，每题2分，共50分）1．下列关于细胞学说的叙述，正确的是A．1665年，英国科学家罗伯特·虎克发现了细胞，并创立了细胞学说B．细胞是一个有机体，一切生物都是由细胞发育而来，并由细胞和细胞产物所组成C．细胞是一个相对独立的单位，既有自己的生命，又对其他细胞共同组成的整体生命起作用D．所有生物都可以从老细胞中产生【答案】C【考点定位】细胞的发现、细胞学说的建立、内容和发展【名师点睛】知识拓展：虎克既是细胞的发现者也是细胞的命名者。
细胞学说是由德国植物学家施莱登和动物学家施旺提出，内容：1、一切动植物都是由细胞构成的；2、细胞是一个相对独立的单位；3、新细胞可以从老细胞产生。
意义：证明了动植物界具有统一性。
2．结合图形分析下列说法，正确的是A．若判断甲是否为需氧型生物，依据的是细胞中是否含有结构①B．若判断乙是否为植物细胞，并不能仅依据细胞中是否含有结构②C．用电子显微镜观察不能区分细胞甲和细胞乙是否为原核生物D．根据细胞中是否含有结构③，可将甲、乙、丙三种生物分为真核生物和原核生物两个类群【答案】B【考点定位】细胞的结构【名师点睛】技巧点拨：1．原核生物与真核生物的辨别技巧(1)原核生物种类较少，仅有细菌、蓝藻、支原体、衣原体、立克次氏体、放线菌等。
蓝藻包括颤藻、念珠藻、发菜等。
(2)带有菌字的生物不一定是细菌：凡是“菌”字前面有“杆”字、“球”字、“螺旋”及“弧”字的都是细菌，如破伤风杆菌、葡萄球菌、霍乱弧菌等都是细菌。
乳酸菌是一个特例，它本属杆菌但往往把“杆”字省略。
青霉菌、酵母菌、曲霉菌及根霉菌等属于真菌，是真核生物。
(3)带藻字的植物中，蓝藻(如色球藻、念珠藻、颤藻等)属于原核生物，单细胞绿藻(如衣藻、小球藻)属于真核生物。
(4)草履虫、变形虫和疟原虫等原生生物属于真核生物。
2．检索法分析原核细胞和真核细胞3．下列没有涉及到细胞间信息交流过程的是A．花粉与柱头相结合B．高等植物细胞间依靠胞间连丝相互交换某些物质C．抗体与相应抗原结合D．甲状腺细胞表面的糖蛋白结合垂体细胞分泌的促甲状腺激素【答案】C【考点定位】细胞膜的信息交流功能【名师点睛】知识拓展：细胞膜的三大功能4．ATP在生物体的生命活动中发挥着重要的作用，下列有关ATP的叙述，不正确的有①人体成熟的红细胞、蛙的红细胞、鸡的红细胞中均能合成ATP②若细胞内Na+浓度偏高，为维持Na+浓度的稳定，细胞消耗ATP的量增加③ ATP中的“A”与构成DNA、RNA中的碱基“A”不是同一物质④质壁分离和复原实验过程中不消耗ATP⑤ATP中的能量可以来源于光能、化学能，也可以转化为光能和化学能A．0项 B．1项C．2项 D．3项【答案】A【解析】人体成熟的红细胞可通过无氧呼吸合成ATP，蛙的红细胞、鸡的红细胞可通过有氧呼吸合成ATP，①正确；若细胞内Na+浓度偏高，为维持Na+浓度的稳定，必需通过主动运输排出Na+，细胞消耗ATP的量增加，②正确；ATP中的“A”是指腺苷，DNA、RNA中的碱基“A”是指腺嘌呤，不是同一物质，③正确；质壁分离和复原属于水分子的渗透作用，实验过程中不消耗ATP，④正确； ATP中的能量可以来源于光能、化学能，也可以转化为光能和化学能，⑤正确；答案是A。
河南省信阳高级中学2016届高三英语上学期第八次大考试题
信阳高中2016届高三第八次大考英语试题第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题.从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How much will the man pay for what he is buying?A. Two dollars.B. Four dollars.C. Six dollars.2.Why can't the man go to the west coast?A. He is looking for a new job.B. He is training his workers.C. He is busy with his new job training.3.What does the man tell the woman?A. There is another cat like his.B. She has mistaken another dog for his.C. He seldom goes out with his dog.4.What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Doctor and patient.B. Professor and student.C. Manager and secretary.5.Why does the woman ask the man to go to the airport?A. To meet a girl.B. To buy a ticketC. To see a girl off.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
河南省顶级名校2016届高三上学期期中考试化学试卷.pdf
（4）取1.6g钙线试样，与水充分反应，生成224mlH2（标准状况），再向溶液中通入适量的CO2，最多能得到CaCO3
g。
18（13分）高纯MnCO3是制备高性能磁性材料的主要原料。实验室以MnO2为原料制备少量高纯MnCO3的操作步骤如下
：
（1）制备MnSO4溶液：
在烧瓶中（装置见下图）加入一定量MnO2和水，搅拌，通入SO2和N2混合气体，反应3h。停止通入SO2，继续反应片
河南省顶级名校2015—2016学年上期中考高三化学试题
说明： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
2．将第Ⅰ卷的答案代表字母填在答案卷的答题表中。
第Ⅰ卷 （选择题，共48分）
可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 O-16 Mg-24 Al-23 Ca-40 Fe-56
）。
（3）工业上，通常在乙苯蒸汽中掺混水蒸气（原料气中乙苯和水蒸气的物质的量之比为19），控制反应温度
600℃，并保持体系总压为常压的条件下进行反应。在不同反应温度下，乙苯的平衡转化率和某催化剂作用下苯乙烯的
选择性（指除了H2以外的产物中苯乙烯的物质的量分数）示意图如下：
① 掺入水蒸气能提高乙苯的平衡转化率，解释说明该事实___________。
12．已知：2CO(g)＋O2(g)===2CO2(g) ΔH＝－566 kJ/mol
Na2O2(s)＋CO2(g)===Na2CO3(s)＋1/2O2(g)?ΔH＝－226 kJ/mol
根据以上热化学方程式判断，下列说法正确的是
A．CO的燃烧热为283 kJ
B．右图可表示由CO生成CO2的反应过程和能量关系
A．向稀HNO3中滴加Na2SO3溶液：SO32－＋2H＋=SO2↑＋ H2O
【物理】河南省信阳市信阳高级中学2016届高三上学期第八次大考试题
信阳高中2016届高三第八次大考物理试题1．以下物理事实，描述正确的是（）A．在炼钢厂中，把熔化的钢水浇入圆柱形模子，模子沿圆柱的中心轴高速旋转，钢水由于受到离心力的作用趋于周壁，形成无缝钢管B．在燃气灶中，安装有电子点火器，接通电子线路时产生高电压，通过高压放电来点燃气体，点火器的放电电极往往做成球状C．有些合金如锰铜合金和镍铜合金，由于电阻率几乎不受温度变化的影响，常用来制作标准电阻D．为保证电表在运输过程中指针晃动角度过大，不能用导线将两接线柱连起来2．如图所示，开口向下的“┍┑”形框架，两侧竖直杆光滑固定，上面水平横杆中点固定一定滑轮，两侧杆上套着的两滑块用轻绳绕过定滑轮相连，并处于静止状态，此时连接滑块A 的绳与水平方向夹角为θ，连接滑块B的绳与水平方向的夹角为2θ，则A、B两滑块的质量之比为（）A．2sinθ：1 B．2cosθ：1 C．1：2cosθ D．1：2sinθ3.我国航天事业取得了突飞猛进地发展，航天技术位于世界前列，在航天控制中心对其正上方某卫星测控时，测得从发送“操作指令”到接收到卫星“已操作”的信息需要的时间为2t(设卫星接收到“操作指令”后立即操作，并立即发送“已操作”的信息到控制中心)，测得该卫星运行周期为T，地球半径为R，电磁波的传播速度为c，由此可以求出地球的质量为（）A．B．C． D．4.如图甲所示，轻弹簧竖直固定在水平面上．一质量为m=0.2kg的小球，从弹簧上端某高度处自由下落，从它接触弹簧到弹簧压缩至最短的过程中(弹簧在弹性限度内)，其速度u和弹簧压缩量△x之间的函数图象如图乙所示，其中A为曲线的最高点.小球和弹簧接触瞬间机械能损失不计，g取10 m／s2，则下列说法正确的是（）A ．小球刚接触弹簧时加速度最大B ．从接触弹簧到压缩至最短的过程中，弹簧的弹性势能先增大后减小C ．从接触弹簧到压缩至最短的过程中，小球的机械能守恒D ．该弹簧的劲度系数为20.0 N ／m5．两个等量同种电荷固定于光滑水平面上，其连线中垂线上有A 、B 、C 三点，如图甲所示，一个电荷量为2C ，质量为1 kg 的小物块从C 点静止释放，其运动的v-t 图象如图乙所示，其中B 点处为整条图线切线斜率最大的位置（图中标出了该切线）．则下列说法正确的是( )A ．B 点为中垂线上电场强度最大的点，场强E =1 V/mB ．由C 到A 的过程中物块的电势能先减小后变大C ．由C 点到A 点电势逐渐升高D ．A 、B 两点间的电势差AB U =5V6．如图所示，在圆形区域内存在垂直纸面向外的匀强磁场，ab 是圆的直径。
河南省信阳市信阳高级中学高中化学硫及其化合物 测试试题含答案解析
河南省信阳市信阳高级中学高中化学硫及其化合物测试试题含答案解析一、选择题1．下列实验操作、现象及结论正确的是( )A．A B．B C．C D．D【答案】B【详解】A．Na2CO3中滴入水，形成十水合碳酸钠，放热，取少许两种物质，加入几滴水，插入温度计，温度升高的是Na2CO3，故A错误；B．将2mL水滴入盛有1g过氧化钠试管中，立即把带火星木条伸入试管，木条复燃，证明过氧化钠与水反应有氧气产生，故B正确；C．向溶液中加入KSCN溶液，变红说明含Fe3+，不能证明含有Fe2+，故C错误；D．检验溶液中是否含SO24-时，向某溶液中加入盐酸酸化的BaCl2溶液，有白色沉淀，该沉淀可能是AgCl也可能是BaSO4，不能说明含有SO24-，故D错误；答案选B。
2．下列有关硫及其化合物的说法中正确的是A．浓硫酸具有吸水性，可做干燥剂，如可干燥氯气、二氧化硫、氨气等B．浓硫酸与炭共热反应，仅体现了浓硫酸的强氧化性C．SO2和 Cl2均可使品红溶液褪色，但溶有 SO2的品红溶液加热后恢复红色，说明 SO2的氧化性没有 Cl2强D．以 FeS2为原料生产硫酸过程中，要用到沸腾炉、接触室、吸收塔等设备，所涉及的反应均为氧化还原反应【答案】B【详解】A．浓硫酸的强氧化性和酸性，不能干燥氨气和硫化氢等还原性气体，可干燥氯气和二氧化硫，故A错误；B．浓硫酸与灼热的炭反应，硫元素化合价都发生变化，只体现了浓硫酸的强氧化性，故B 正确；C．二氧化硫的漂白性是因为二氧化硫和有色物质反应生成无色物质，该反应中二氧化硫不体现氧化性，次氯酸的漂白性是利用次氯酸的强氧化性，二者漂白原理不同，不能说明二氧化硫的氧化性没有氯气强，故C错误；D．工业制硫酸的三设备是：沸腾炉4FeS2+11O22Fe2O3+4SO2，接触室2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)，吸收塔SO3+H2O=H2SO4，沸腾炉、接触室所涉及的反应均为氧化还原反应、吸收塔所涉及的反应不是，故D错误；故答案为B。
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信阳高中2016届高三第八次大考化学试题命题人：姜明刚审题人：李加强刘向东第I卷一．单项选择题（每小题有一个正确选项，共15小题，计45分）相对原子质量： C 12 O 16 S 32 Fe 56 Cu 64 V 511．化学与社会、生产、生活密切相关。
下列说法不正确的是A．信息产业中光纤的主要成分是单质硅B．碳酸氢钠可用于制备纯碱，作治疗胃酸过多的药物及食品发酵剂C．高铁车厢大部分材料采用铝合金，因铝合金强度大、质量轻、抗腐蚀能力强D．医学上，血液透析是利用了胶体的渗析原理2．N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列有关说法正确的是A．反应KIO3+6HI＝KI+3H2O+3I2，生成3mol I2转移电子的总数为6N AB．由0.4 mol H2O2生成O2转移的电子数目为0.2N AC．12g石墨和C60的混合物中质子总数为6N AD．室温下，1L pH＝13的NaOH溶液中，由水电离的OH－离子数目为0.1N A3．常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中，一定能大量共存的是A．在0.1 mol·L-1NaOH溶液中：K+、Na+、SO42-、HCO3-B．在0.1 mol·L-1Na2CO3溶液中：A13+、Na+、NO3-、C1-C．在0.1 mol·L-1FeCl3溶液中：K+、NH4+、I-、SCN-D．在c（H+）／c（OH-）=10-12的溶液中：K+、Na+、ClO-、NO3-5．由一种阳离子和两种酸根离子组成的盐称混盐。
下列关于混盐Na4S2O3的有关判断，不正确的是A．向溶液中加入酚酞溶液变红，说明该混盐水溶液呈碱性B．向该混盐中加入稀H2SO4可以产生使品红褪色的气体C．该混盐在酸性条件下可以产生淡黄色浑浊D．用玻璃棒蘸取该混盐溶液灼烧，火焰呈黄色，说明溶液中含有Na+6．X、Y、Z、W是原子序数依次增大的四种短周期元素，甲、乙、丙、丁、戊是由其中的两种或三种元素组成的化合物，己是由Z元素形成的单质。
已知：甲 + 乙 = 丁 + 己，甲 + 丙 = 戊 + 己；0.1 mol·L-1丁溶液的pH为13（25℃）。
下列说法正确的是A．1 mol甲与足量的乙完全反应共转移了1 mol电子B．Y元素在周期表中的位置为第三周期第ⅣA族C．原子半径：W＞Z＞Y＞XD．1.0 L 0.1 mol·L-1戊溶液中阴离子总的物质的量小于0.1 mol8．下列离子方程式正确的是A．已知电离平衡常数：H2CO3＞HClO＞HCO3—，向NaClO溶液中通入少量CO2：2ClO—+CO2+H2O ＝2HClO+CO32—B．向硫酸氢钠溶液中滴加Ba(OH)2至中性：H++SO42-+Ba2++ OH-＝BaSO4↓+ H2OC．Fe(NO3)3溶液中加入过量的HI溶液：2Fe3＋ + 2I－＝2Fe2＋ + I2D．硫氢根离子的电离方程式：HS－＋H 2O H3O＋＋S2－9．向等物质的量浓度的MgSO4和NaHSO4的混合溶液中逐滴滴入一定量的Ba(OH)2溶液，下列离子方程式与事实不相符的是A．H＋＋SO42－＋Ba2＋＋OH－→ BaSO4↓＋H2OB．2H＋＋SO42－＋Ba2＋＋2OH－→BaSO4↓＋2H2OC．Mg2＋＋H＋＋2SO42－＋2Ba2＋＋3OH－→Mg(OH)2↓＋2BaSO4↓＋H2OD．Mg2＋＋2H＋＋2SO42－＋2Ba2＋＋4OH－→Mg(OH)2↓＋2BaSO4↓＋2H2O10．光谱研究表明，易溶于水的SO2所形成的溶液中存在着下列平衡：据此，下列判断中正确的是A．该溶液中存在着SO2分子B．该溶液中H+浓度是SO32－浓度的2倍C．向该溶液中加入足量的酸SO2气体都能放出D．向该溶液中加入NaOH可得到Na2SO3、NaHSO3和NaOH的混合溶液11．硫酸亚锡（SnSO4）是一种重要的能溶于水的硫酸盐，广泛应用于镀锡工业。
SnSO4的实验室制备设计路线如下：下列有关说法正确的是A．SnCl2酸化是为了防止溶解时发生水解B．反应I中发生的离子反应为：CO32－+2H＋＝CO2↑+ H2OC．漂洗时，将固体置于烧杯中，加蒸馏水洗涤过滤2-3次D．操作1为过滤，操作2为盐析12．现有阳离子交换膜、阴离子交换膜、石墨电极和如图所示的电解槽。
用氯碱工业中的离子交换膜技术原理，可电解Na2SO4溶液生产NaOH溶液和H2SO4溶液。
下列说法中正确的是A．b是阳离子交换膜，允许Na＋通过B．从A口出来的是NaOH溶液C．阴极反应式为4OH－－4e－== 2H2O＋O2↑D．Na2SO4溶液从G口加入13．在某2L恒容密闭容器中充入2 mol X(g)和1 mol Y(g)发生反应：2X(g)+Y(g)3Z(g)△H，反应过程中持续升高温度，测得混合体系中X的体积分数与温度的关系如图所示。
下列推断正确的是A．M点时，Y的转化率最大B ．升高温度，平衡常数减小C ．平衡后充入Z 达到新平衡时Z 的体积分数增大D ．W,M 两点Y 的正反应速率相等14．下图曲线a 和b 是盐酸与氢氧化钠溶液的相互滴定的滴定曲线，下列叙述正确的是A ．NaOH 溶液的浓度为0.1 mol ·L －1B ．P 点时可能未完全反应，溶液呈可能呈酸性也可能呈碱性C ．曲线a 是盐酸滴定氢氧化钠溶液的测定曲线D ．本实验的指示剂不能用甲基橙，只能用酚酞现有常温下1 mol · L -1的(NH 4)2CO 3溶液，已知NH 4+的水解平衡常数-=23,CO K K K bwh 第一步水解的平衡常数2a wh K K K =。
下列说法正确的是A ．由数据可判断该溶液呈酸性 B.c(NH 4+)>c(HCO 3-)>c(CO 32-)>c(NH 3·H 2O)C.c(NH 4+)+c(NH 3·H 2O)=2c(CO 32-)+2c(HCO 3-)+2c(H 2CO 3) D.c(NH 4+)+c(H +)=c(HCO 3-)+c(OH -)+c(CO 32-)第II卷二．填空题（本题共4小题，计55分）16．(10分）“优先反应思想”是一条重要的化学学科思想。
根据所学知识及题目提供的相关数据，回答下列问题：（1）向FeBr2溶液中滴加少量氯水，溶液变黄。
你认为使溶液变黄的微粒其符号是_________，用实验证明你的观点，简述实验操作及现象___________________________。
①向等物质的量浓度的Na2C03, CH3COONa, NaClO组成的混合溶液中逐滴加入稀硫酸，首先发生反应的离子方程式是___________________________________________。
②向浓度均为0.010 mol/L的NaCl, Na2Cr04组成的混合溶液中逐滴加入浓度为0.010 mol·L-1AgN03溶液，首先生成的沉淀其化学式为____ 。
（3）分别向四份各100 mL,浓度均为2 mo1L－1的FeC13溶液中，加入铁、铜组成的均匀粉①根据表中的数据可求出粉末中铁、铜的物质的量之比为______________。
②根据表中的数据分析I反应后的溶液中存在的金属阳离子有〔用离子符号表示）______________。
17．(15分)化学实验装置的科学设计是实验是否取得预期效果的关键。
请回答下列有关实验装置的相关问题：I．图A为教材制备乙酸乙酯的实验装置，甲同学认为图B装置比A要好，则冷却水应从_____________口进入；乙同学认为图C装置效果更好，理由是________________。
Ⅱ．“摩尔盐”[(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O]是分析化学中的重要试剂。
已知：摩尔盐隔绝空气加热至500℃时可完全分解。
某学习小组欲探究其分解产物。
（1）【提出猜想】小组同学认为分解产物可能有以下几种情况：A．Fe2O3 SO2 NH3 H2O B．FeO SO3 NH3 H2OC．FeO SO2 NH3 H2O D．Fe2O3 SO3 SO2 NH3 H2O根据所学知识，可确定______________不成立(填序号)（2）【药品验纯】甲同学提出可以用湿润的红色石蕊试纸、稀盐酸和__________溶液检验出“摩尔盐”中的三种离子；取一定量的“摩尔盐”配成溶液，取少量溶液置于试管中，向其中滴加___________________________________________(填试剂名称和实验现象)，则“摩尔盐”未因氧化而变质。
（3）【实验探究】为检验分解产物，甲同学设计了如下实验装置。
①取一定量“摩尔盐”置于加热管A中，加热至分解完全后打开K，再通入N2，目的是____________________________________________________。
②实验中观察到A中固体逐渐变为红棕色，B、C中均产生白色沉淀。
C中发生反应的离子方程式为_______________________________________________________。
③实验验证取A中残留物少许加入稀硫酸溶解，再滴入KMnO4稀溶液，不褪色证明产物不含_______________。
（4）【实验结论与反思】通过实验现象和认真反思，上述猜想中一定正确的是_________(填序号)。
18．（16分）一定温度下，在恒容密闭容器中充入2molNO2与1molO2发生反应如下：4NO2(g)+O2(g) 2N2O5(g)（1）已知平衡常数K350℃＜K300℃，则该反应是_________反应（填“吸热”或“放热”）；常温下，该反应能逆向自发进行，原因是_______________________。
（2）下列有关该反应的说法正确的是___________。
A．扩大容器体积，平衡向逆反应方向移动，混合气体颜色变深B．恒温恒容下，再充入2molNO2和1molO2，再次达到平衡时NO2转化率增大C．恒温恒容下，当容器内的密度不再改变，则反应达到平衡状态D．若该反应的平衡常数增大，则一定是降低了温度（3）氮的化合物种类较多，如NH3、NO、NO2、HNO3、硝酸盐等。
①亚硝酸是一种弱酸，能证明亚硝酸是弱电解质的是__________。
A．常温下，亚硝酸钠溶液的pH＞7B．亚硝酸能和NaOH发生中和反应C．用亚硝酸溶液做导电性实验，灯泡很暗D．常温下，将pH=3的亚硝酸溶液稀释10倍，pH＜4②根据酸碱质子理论，凡是能给出质子的分子或离子都是酸，凡是能结合质子的分子或离子都是碱。
按照这个理论，下列微粒属于两性物质的是___________。