室内设计外文翻译
室内设计中英文翻译
毕业设计英文资料翻译Translation of the English Documents for Graduation DesignInterior DesignSusan YelavichInterior design embraces not only the decoration and furnishing of space, but also considerations of space planning, lighting, and programmatic issues pertaining to user behaviors, ranging from specific issues of accessibility to the nature of the activities to be conducted in the space. The hallmark of interior design today is a new elasticity in typologies, seen most dramatically in the domestication of commercial and public spaces.Interior design encompasses both the programmatic planning and physical treatment of interior space: the projection of its use and the nature of its furnishings and surfaces, that is, walls, floors, and ceilings. Interior design is distinguished from interior decoration in the scope of its purview. Decorators are primarily concerned with the selection of furnishings, whiledesigners integrate the discrete elements of décor into programmatic concerns of space and use. Interior designers generally practice collaboratively with architects on the interiors of spaces built from the ground up, but they also work independently, particularly in the case of renovations. There is also a strong history of architect-designed interiors, rooted in the concept of Gesamtkunstwerk, the total work of art, that came out of the Arts & Crafts movement of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. It is no accident that its strongest proponents (from Frank Lloyd Wright to Mies van der Rohe) extended their practices to include the realm of interiors during the nascency of the interior-design profession. Indeed, it was a defensive measure taken by architects who viewed formal intervention by an interior decorator or designer as a threat to the integrity of their aesthetic.Today, apart from strict modernists like Richard Meier who place a premium on homogeneity, architects who take on the role of interior designer (and their numbers are growing) are more likely to be eclectic in philosophy and practice, paralleling the twenty-first century's valorization of plurality. Nonetheless, the bias against interior designers and the realm of the interior itself continues to persist. Critical discussions of the interior have been hampered by its popular perception as a container of ephemera. Furthermore, conventional views of the interior have been fraught with biases: class biases related to centuries-old associations with tradesmen and gender biases related to the depiction of the decorating profession as primarily the domain of women and gay men. As a result, the credibility of the interior as an expressionof cultural values has been seriously impaired.However, the conditions and the light in which culture-at-large is understood are changing under the impact of globalization. The distinctions between “high” culture and “low” culture are dissipating in a more tolerant climate that encourages the cross-fertilization between the two poles. Likewise, there are more frequent instances of productive borrowings among architecture, design, and decoration, once considered exclusive domains. And while the fields of architecture, interior design, and interior decoration still have different educational protocols and different concentrations of emphasis, they are showing a greater mutuality of interest.Another way to think of this emergent synthesis is to substitute the triad of “architecture, interior design, and decoration” with “modernity, technology, and history.” One of the hallmarks of the postmodern era is a heightened awareness of the role of the past in shaping thepresent. In the interior, this manifests itself in a renewed interest in ornament, in evidence of craft and materiality, and in spatial complexities, all running parallel to the ongoing project of modernity.Even more significantly, there is a new elasticity in typologies. Today, the traditional typologies of the interior—house, loft, office, restaurant, and so on—strain to control their borders. Evidence of programmatic convergences can clearly be seen in public and commercial spaces that aspire to be both more user-friendly and consumer-conscious. Growing numbers of private hospitals (in competition for patients) employ amenities and form languages inspired by luxury spas; at the same time, many gyms and health clubs are adopting the clinical mien of medical facilities to convince their clients of the value of their services. The same relaxation of interior protocols can be seen in offices that co-opt the informal, live-work ethic of the artist's loft, and in hotels that use the language (and contents) of galleries. Similarly, increasing numbers of grocery stores and bookstores include spaces and furniture for eating and socializing.Likewise, there is a new comfort with stylistic convergences in interiors that appropriate and recombine disparate quotations from design history. These are exemplified in spaces such as Rem Koolhaas' Casa da Musica (2005) in Porto, Portugal (with its inventive use of traditional Portuguese tiles), and Herzog & de Meuron's Walker Art Center (2005) in Minneapolis, Minnesota (where stylized acanthus-leaf patterns are used to mark gallery entrances). These interiors make an art out of hybridism. They do not simply mix and match period furnishings and styles, but refilter them through a contemporary lens.Another hallmark of the contemporary interior is the overt incorporation of narrative. Tightly themed environments persist in retail spaces such as Ralph Lauren's clothing stores and in entertainment spaces like Las Vegas casinos. However, a more playful and less linear approach to narrative is increasingly common.Of all the typologies of the interior, the residence has been least affected by change, apart from ephemeral trends such as outdoor kitchens and palatial bathrooms. However, the narrative of the residence dominates interior design at large. It has become the catalyst for rethinking a host of spaces once firmly isolated from it, ranging from the secretary's cubicle, to the nurse's station, to the librarian's reading room. Considerations such as the accommodation of personalaccessories in the work space, the use of color in hospitals, and the provision of couches in libraries are increasingly common, to cite just three examples. The domestication of such environments (with curtains and wallpaper, among other residential elements) provides more comfort, more reassurance, and more pleasure to domains formerly defined by institutional prohibitions and social exclusions. Unquestionably, these changes in public and commercial spaces are indebted to the liberation movements of the late 1960s. The battles fought against barriers of race, class, gender, and physical ability laid the groundwork for a larger climate of hospitality and accommodation.It is also possible to detect a wholly other agenda in the popularity of the residential model. The introduction of domestic amenities into commercial spaces, such as recreation spaces in office interiors, can also be construed as part of a wider attempt to put a more acceptable face on the workings of free-market capitalism. In this view, interior design dons the mask of entertainment. There is nothing new about the charade. Every interior is fundamentally a stage set. Nor is it particularly insidious—as long as the conceit is transparent. Danger surfaces, however, when illusion becomes delusion—when design overcompensates for the realities of illness with patronizing sentiment, or when offices become surrogate apartments because of the relentless demands of a round-the-clock economy. In these instances, design relinquishes its potential to transform daily life in favor of what amounts to little more than a facile re-branding of space.Another force is driving the domestication of the interior and that is the enlarged public awareness of design and designers. There is a growing popular demand for design as amenity and status symbol, stimulated by the proliferation of shelter magazines, television shows devoted to home decorating, and the advertising campaigns of commercial entities such as Target and Ikea. In the Western world, prosperity, combined with the appetite of the media, has all but fetishized the interior, yielding yet another reflection of the narcissism of aconsumer-driven society. On the one hand, there are positive, democratic outcomes of the growing public profile of design that can be seen in the rise of do-it-yourself web sites and enterprises like Home Depot that emphasize self-reliance. It can also be argued, more generally, that the reconsideration of beauty implicit in the valorization of design is an ameliorating social phenomenon by virtue of its propensity to inspire improvement. On the other hand, thepopularization of interior design through personas such as Philippe Starck, Martha Stewart, and Barbara Barry has encouraged a superficial understanding of the interior that is more focused on objects than it is on behaviors and interactions among objects.For all the recent explosion of interest in interior design, it remains, however, a fundamentally conservative arena of design, rooted as it is in notions of enclosure, security, and comfort. This perception has been exacerbated by the growth of specialized practices focused, for example, on healthcare and hospitality. While such firms offer deep knowledge of the psychology, mechanics, and economies of particular environments, they also perpetuate distinctions that hinder a more integral approach to the interior as an extension of architecture and even the landscape outside. One notable exception is the growth of design and architecture firms accruing expertise in sustainable materials and their applications to the interior. At the same time that design firms are identifying themselves with sustainability and promoting themselves as environmentalists, a movement is building to incorporate environmental responsibility within normative practice.Over the past four decades, efforts have intensified to professionalize the field of interior design and to accord it a status equal to that of architecture. In the US and Canada the Council for Interior Design Accreditation, formerly known as FIDER, reviews interior design education programs at colleges and universities to regulate standards of practice. Furthermore, the International Council of Societies of Industrial Design (ICSID) embraces interior design within its purview, defining it as part of “intellectual profession, and not simply a trade or a service for enterprises.”Yet, the education of interior designers remains tremendously variable, with no uniformity of pedagogy. Hence, interior design continues to be perceived as an arena open to the specialist and the amateur. This perception is indicative of both the relatively short history of the profession itself and the broader cultural forces of inclusion and interactivity that mark a global society.。
室内设计 外文翻译 外文文献。室内设计风格
室内设计外文翻译外文文献。
室内设计风格XXX and clean lines。
This style is perfect for those whowant a fresh and fun look in their home。
The use of XXX to the space.nal XXX colors。
intricate patterns。
XXX。
This style is perfect for those who XXX are often made of wood and feature XXX.XXX emphasizes clean lines。
neutral colors。
and a clutter-free space。
Furniture pieces are often sleek and modern。
with a XXX.XXX design is a mix of different styles and ds。
XXX and n。
as it combines XXX.XXX what style you choose。
it's important to stay true toyour own personal XXX and happy。
With the right design style。
your home can XXX you look forward to coming back to every day.To begin your design journey。
XXX peruse us designs。
you'll start to develop a sense of your preferences and dislikes。
This process will also introduce you to the vast array of XXX.XXX colors and materials。
室内设计英语词汇中英文翻译
客厅 Livingroom卧室 Bedroom书房 Study阁楼 Loft楼梯 Stair楼梯间 Stir Well玄关 Entrance卫生间 Bathromm厨房 Kitchenground plan 平面图floor, storey 层ground floor 第一层 (美作:first floor)flat 套 (美作:apartment)stair well 楼梯间lift shaft (美作:elevator shaft)fire escape 防火梯staircase 楼梯goods lift 公务电梯 (美作:freight elevator) central heating 暖气ventilation shaft 通风井air conditioning 空调air-conditioned 带空调的flooring (一块)地板floorboard 地板(总称)parquet 木条地板herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板tile 瓷砖terrazzo 磨石子地wall 墙main wall 承重墙partition wall 隔断墙plastering 抹灰skirting board 壁脚板to whitewash 粉刷facade 建筑物正面window 窗basement 地下室penthouse 遮檐,披屋attic, garret 阁楼kitchen 厨房dining room 饭厅living room 起居室lounge 吸烟室,大厅bathroom 浴室toilet 卫生间chimney 烟囱fireplace 壁炉gutter 排水沟drainpipe 雨水管,落水管ceiling 天花板flat roof, roof garden 屋顶平台,屋顶花园roof 屋瓦顶tile, roof tile 瓦sand 沙cement 水泥mortar 灰泥plaster 石膏concrete 混凝土reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete 钢筋混凝土gravel 碎石brick 砖slate 石板marble 大理石beam 梁,木梁girder 钢梁corrugated iron 波状钢timber 木料,木材pipes 钢管wiring 电器设备promoter 创办人architect 建筑师quantity surveyor 施工技术员draftsman 绘图员civil engineer 道路工程师builder 建筑工人foreman 工头master builder 营造商,建筑工程队队长(master) bricklayer 泥瓦匠,砌砖工匠hodman, hod carrier 小工plasterer 抹灰工welder 焊工joiner 工匠electrician 电工glazier 玻璃工匠plumber 管道技工plumber's mate 管道工painter, decorator 油漆工crane driver 吊车司机方案：Design, Scheme初步设计：Primary Design施工图 CD: Construction Design Fuction 功能区Light 灯具Droplight 吊灯吸顶灯Entrance 入口Living room 客厅Sitting room 起居室Embed light 嵌灯Dinning room 餐厅Daylight lamp 日光灯Kitchen 厨房Reflect down light 筒灯Office 书房Quartz down-light 石英灯Master bedroom 主卧房Votage track light 射灯Quest bedroom 客卧Track light 轨道灯Children bedroom 儿童房Picture light 镜画灯Hiding light 暗藏灯管Projection room 视听室Dressing room 更衣室Wall lamp 壁灯Storeroom 储藏室Reading lamp 台灯Master bathroom 主卫Floor lamp 落地灯Bathroom 卫生间Bathroom fixture 卫生洁具Wash room 洗衣房Staircase 楼梯Washbowl 洗手台[台盆] Aisle 过道Water faucet 水龙头Closestool 座便器Gazebe 阳台Urinal 小便斗Garden 花园Bathtab 浴缸Swimming pool 游泳池Shower bath 淋浴房Furniture 家具Wiring 电器设备Cupboard 厨房橱柜Television 电视机Drink box 酒柜Sound box 音响Bar 吧台Washer 洗衣机Dinning table 餐桌Bedstand 床头柜Bed 床Bookcase 书柜Chest of drawers 五斗矮柜Electrical outlet 插座Chest of drawers 藏衣柜Switch 开关TV set 电视柜Air-condition 空调Tea table 茶几Immersion heater 电热水壶Sofa 沙发Electric cooker 电饭褒Reclining chair 躺椅Macrowave oven 微波炉Chair 椅子Refrigeratory 冰箱American interior design; 美国室内设计American interior designer; 美国室内设计师Residential design; 私家住宅设计；Villa design (single family home design); 别墅设计；Office design; 办公室设计；Commercial design; 非住宅设计（商务楼设计；写字楼设计；公共场所设计）Californian interior design; 加州室内设计Californian interior designer; 加州室内设计师Model home design; 样板房设计Clubhouse interior design;会所室内设计American furniture design;美国家具设计Foreign interior design; 外国室内设计Foreign interior designer; 外国室内设计师PLAN —设计方案Interior design –室内设计Exterior 室外Landscape design –景观设计Architecture design –建筑设计designer –设计师baseplan –基础建筑图floor plan –平面图elevation -立面图RCP = 天花吊顶设计 = Reflected Ceiling Plan electric plan = 电线走线图furniture plan –家具布置平面图interior plant plan –室内植物摆放图window schedule –窗表door schedule –门表美国室内设计有两种合同：一种叫做specification，就是只设计，不负责采购室内陈设；另外一种是turnkey，字面意思就是交钥匙，设计师负责设计同时也负责采购室内全部用品用具，包括家具、摆设、艺术皮、画、床上用品、地毯等。
设计类英语词汇翻译
设计类英语词汇翻译设计类英语词汇翻译设计类英语词汇有哪些呢？下面是小编为大家整理的设计类英语词汇翻译，欢迎参考~设计类英语词汇翻译1 设计 Design2 现代设计 Modern Design3 工艺美术设计 Craft Design4 工业设计 Industrial Design5 广义工业设计 Generalized Industrial Design6 狭义工业设计 Narrow Industrial Design7 产品设计 Product Design8 传播设计 Communication Design8 环境设计 Environmental Design9 商业设计Comercial Design10 建筑设计 Architectural11 一维设计 One-dimension Design12 二维设计 Tow-dimension Design13 三维设计 Three-dimension Design14 四维设计 Four-dimension Design15 装饰、装潢 Decoration16 家具设计 Furniture Design17 玩具设计 Toy Design18 室内设计 Interior Design19 服装设计 Costume Design20 包装设计ackaging Design21 展示设计 Display Design22 城市规划 UrbanDesgin23生活环境 Living Environment24 都市景观 Townscape25 田园都市 Gardon City26 办公室风致 Office Landscape27 设计方法论 Design Methodology28 设计语言 Design Language29 设计条件 Design Condition30 结构设计 Structure Design31 形式设计 Form Design32 设计过程 Design Process33 构思设计 Concept Design34 量产设计，工艺设计 Technological Design35 改型设计 Model Change36 设计调查 Design Survey37 事前调查 Prior Survey38 动态调查 Dynamic Survey39 超小型设计 Compact type40 袖珍型设计 Pocktable Type41 便携型设计 Protable type42 收纳型设计Selfcontainning Design43 装配式设计Knock Down Type44 集约化设计 Stacking Type45 成套化设计 Set (Design)46 家族化设计 Family (Design)47 系列化设计 Series (Design)48 组合式设计 Unit Design49 仿生设计 Bionics Design50 功能 Function51 独创性 Originality52 创造力 Creative Power53 外装 Facing54 创造性思维 Creating Thinking55 等价变换思维 Equivalent Transformationn Thought56 KJ法 Method of K.J57 戈顿法Synectice58 集体创造性思维法 Brain Storming59 设计决策 (Design) Decision Making60 T-W-M体系 T-W-M system61 O-R-M体系 O-R-M system62 印象战略 ImageStralegy63 AIDMA原则 Law of AIDMA64 功能分化 Functional Differentiation65 功能分析 Functional Analysis66 生命周期 Life Cycle67 照明设计 Illumination Design。
室内设计英语词汇
1]Fuction [1]功能区Entrance 入口Living room 客厅Sitting room 起居室Dinning room 餐厅Kitchen 厨房Office 书房Master bedroom 主卧房Quest bedroom 客卧Children bedroom 儿童房Projection room 视听室Dressing room 更衣室Storeroom 储藏室Master bathroom 主卫Bathroom 卫生间Wash room 洗衣房Staircase 楼梯Aisle 过道Gazebe 阳台Garden 花园Swimming pool 游泳池[2]Furniture [2]家具Cupboard 厨房橱柜Drink box 酒柜Bar 吧台Dinning table 餐桌Chair 椅子Reclining chair 躺椅Sofa 沙发Tea table 茶几TV set 电视柜Chest of drawers 藏衣柜Chest of drawers 五斗矮柜Bookcase 书柜Bedstand 床头柜[3]Light [3]灯具Droplight 吊灯吸顶灯Embed light 嵌灯Daylight lamp 日光灯Reflect down light 筒灯Quartz down-light 石英灯Votage track light 射灯Track light 轨道灯Picture light 镜画灯Hiding light 暗藏灯管Wall lamp 壁灯Reading lamp 台灯Floor lamp 落地灯[4]Bathroom fixture [4]卫生洁具Washbowl 洗手台[台盆] Water faucet 水龙头Closestool 座便器Urinal 小便斗Bathtab 浴缸Shower bath 淋浴房[5]Wiring [4]电器设备Television 电视机Sound box 音响Washer 洗衣机Refrigeratory 冰箱Macrowave oven 微波炉Electric cooker 电饭褒Immersion heater 电热水壶Air-condition 空调Switch 开关Electrical outlet 插座Walking Closet 衣帽间ssss客厅 Livingroom 卧室 Bedroom书房 Study阁楼 Loft楼梯 Stair 楼梯间 Stir Well 玄关 Entrance卫生间 Bathromm 厨房 Kitchen ground plan 平面图floor, storey 层ground floor 第一层 (美作:first floor) flat 套 (美作:apartment)stair well 楼梯间lift shaft (美作:elevator shaft)fire escape 防火梯staircase 楼梯goods lift 公务电梯 (美作:freight elevator)central heating 暖气ventilation shaft 通风井air conditioning 空调air-conditioned 带空调的flooring (一块)地板floorboard 地板(总称)parquet 木条地板herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板tile 瓷砖terrazzo 磨石子地wall 墙main wall 承重墙partition wall 隔断墙plastering 抹灰skirting board 壁脚板to whitewash 粉刷facade 建筑物正面window 窗basement 地下室penthouse 遮檐,披屋attic, garret 阁楼kitchen 厨房dining room 饭厅living room 起居室lounge 吸烟室,大厅bathroom 浴室toilet 卫生间chimney 烟囱fireplace 壁炉gutter 排水沟drainpipe 雨水管,落水管ceiling 天花板flat roof, roof garden 屋顶平台,屋顶花园roof 屋瓦顶tile, roof tile 瓦sand 沙cement 水泥mortar 灰泥plaster 石膏concrete 混凝土reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete 钢筋混凝土gravel 碎石brick 砖slate 石板marble 大理石beam 梁,木梁girder 钢梁corrugated iron 波状钢timber 木料,木材pipes 钢管wiring 电器设备promoter 创办人architect 建筑师quantity surveyor 施工技术员draftsman 绘图员civil engineer 道路工程师builder 建筑工人foreman 工头master builder 营造商,建筑工程队队长(master) bricklayer 泥瓦匠,砌砖工匠hodman, hod carrier 小工plasterer 抹灰工welder 焊工joiner 工匠electrician 电工glazier 玻璃工匠plumber 管道技工plumber's mate 管道工painter, decorator 油漆工crane driver 吊车司机方案：Design, Scheme初步设计：Primary Design施工图 CD: Construction Design Fuction 功能区Light 灯具Droplight 吊灯吸顶灯Entrance 入口Living room 客厅Sitting room 起居室Embed light 嵌灯Dinning room 餐厅Daylight lamp 日光灯Kitchen 厨房Reflect down light 筒灯Office 书房Quartz down-light 石英灯Master bedroom 主卧房Votage track light 射灯Quest bedroom 客卧Track light 轨道灯Children bedroom 儿童房Picture light 镜画灯Hiding light 暗藏灯管Projection room 视听室Dressing room 更衣室Wall lamp 壁灯Storeroom 储藏室Reading lamp 台灯Master bathroom 主卫Floor lamp 落地灯Bathroom 卫生间Bathroom fixture 卫生洁具Wash room 洗衣房Staircase 楼梯Washbowl 洗手台[台盆] Aisle 过道Water faucet 水龙头Closestool 座便器Gazebe 阳台Urinal 小便斗Garden 花园Bathtab 浴缸Swimming pool 游泳池Shower bath 淋浴房Furniture 家具Wiring 电器设备Cupboard 厨房橱柜Television 电视机Drink box 酒柜Sound box 音响Bar 吧台Washer 洗衣机Dinning table 餐桌Bedstand 床头柜Bed 床Bookcase 书柜Chest of drawers 五斗矮柜Electrical outlet 插座Chest of drawers 藏衣柜Switch 开关TV set 电视柜Air-condition 空调Tea table 茶几Immersion heater 电热水壶Sofa 沙发Electric cooker 电饭褒Reclining chair 躺椅Macrowave oven 微波炉Chair 椅子Refrigeratory 冰American interior design; 美国室内设计American interior designer; 美国室内设计师Residential design; 私家住宅设计；Villa design (single family home design); 别墅设计；Office design; 办公室设计；Commercial design; 非住宅设计（商务楼设计；写字楼设计；公共场所设计）Californian interior design; 加州室内设计Californian interior designer; 加州室内设计师Model home design; 样板房设计Clubhouse interior design;会所室内设计American furniture design;美国家具设计Foreign interior design; 外国室内设计Foreign interior designer; 外国室内设计师PLAN —设计方案Interior design –室内设计Exterior 室外Landscape design –景观设计Architecture design –建筑设计designer –设计师baseplan –基础建筑图floor plan –平面图elevation -立面图RCP = 天花吊顶设计 = Reflected Ceiling Planelectric plan = 电线走线图furniture plan –家具布置平面图interior plant plan –室内植物摆放图window schedule –窗表door schedule –门表美国室内设计有两种合同：一种叫做specification，就是只设计，不负责采购室内陈设；另外一种是turnkey，字面意思就是交钥匙，设计师负责设计同时也负责采购室内全部用品用具，包括家具、摆设、艺术皮、画、床上用品、地毯等。
室内设计外文翻译外文文献英文文献室内设计风格
Interior design stylesMary v .knackstedt shanghai 2004Abstract:Architectural style derived from a variety of interior design style, according to designers and owners of the different aesthetic and loving, and turned into a variety of body.Although the hybrid design style eclectic, using a variety of style, but the design is still Originality, in-depth scrutiny shape, color, material and so the overall composition and visual effects.Key words:Style Classical Simple ExquisiteArticle:HOW DO YOU CHOOSE AN interior design style that suits you and your home? You can draw inspiration from numerous styles but try to keep to a similar theme so your interior is coordinated.Modern retro interior design incoprates bright colours and bold patternsThe best place to start is by looking at styles that appeal to you, which suit your budget and lifestyle. You will soon work out what you like and what you don’t. After looking through a few of these you will begin to understand the design process, along with the wide variety of materials and styles available.Don’t be afraid to experiment with different colours and materials; and decorate the room in a style that suits its purpose. There’s nothing better than a room flooded with sunlight so take full advantage of all the natural light in each room.Interior design style and genre, an indoor environment in the spirit of the art modeling and functional areas. Interior design style and genre and construction is often the furniture as well as in close connection with the style and genre; sometimes to the corresponding period of the painting, plastic arts, and even literature, music, etc. in close connection with the style and genre; sometimes to the corresponding periodof the painting, plastic arts, and even literary, musical style and genre, such as their origin and mutual influence. For example, in architecture and interior design of the"post-modernism" and the meaning of the word, and "camp style" is the distinctive characteristics of a plastic arts schools. Can be seen that the construction addition to interior design and material art materials, engineering and technology beyond the characteristics of close contact, and also literature, music and painting, sculpture and other categories of communication between the arts.The formation of interior design styles, different ideas and characteristics of the times, by creative ideas and performance, and gradually developed into a representative form of interior design. The form of a typical style, usually in the humanities and local factors and is closely related to natural conditions and the need for creativity in design and modeling characteristics. The formation of external and internal style factors.Although the performance in the form of style, but the style of art, culture, social development, such as profound connotation; from this deeper meaning, the style does not stop or equivalent form. A style or genre, once formed, it can turn a positive or a negative impact on culture, arts and many social factors can not be limited to as a form of performance and visual experience.The style of interior design features in the embodiment of art and creative personality at the same time, relatively speaking, to that style across a longer time, will include wide geographical. Interior design style can be divided into: Traditional style, modern style, post-modern style, natural style, as well as hybrid style.Architectural style derived from a variety of interior design style, according to designers and owners of the different aesthetic and loving, and turned into a variety of body. Here, to brief Members on the present 10 kinds of the more common style of interior design.Classical Style (luxurious rich)The rise in the age of just decoration, decoration of most of the pursuit of prosperity is more luxurious style. Especially in the early 20th century, interior decoration to show off their status is often a special form. Owners will be asked to design a variety of embedded symbolic luxury decoration, such as painting the glassceiling, fireplaces, decorative panels, decorative wood and so on, but basically similar to the Baroque style combined with the material there The main decorative way. Simple style (arbitrary)The 20th century, in some areas a Home heat. Due to technical and material constraints, the time has not yet the true sense of the Home Designer for guidance, so casual is the best portrayal of that time. Owners have begun the pursuit of a clean and bright indoor effect. Today, this style is still the most first-time home buyers are the first choice for the decoration.Exquisite style (noble solemn)After nearly 10 years of exploration, with the improvement of living standards of residents, opening to the outside world increased, people began to yearn for and the pursuit of high-quality life. From about the mid-20th century, there is the decoration of the decorative use of sophisticated materials and furniture, especially at this time, the designer of the domestic into the ranks of Home Design, which has brought a new concept of decoration.Natural style (art)The beginning of the 20th century decorative boom has brought many people to the concept of decoration. A large number of emerging market, Taiwan, Hong Kong journal of decorative eye-opener for people, before we dare to imagine such a small garden, culture, decorative stone walls and decorative stone such as tactics have appeared in the reality of the design. In particular, we used to see red elm caused by large-scale use of "national renovation a yellow" after the phenomenon of the decoration, close to nature has become a people one of the objectives pursued. Natural style of advocacy, "return to nature," highly aesthetic nature, combined with the natural order in today's high-tech, high-paced social life, so that people can achieve the balance of physical and psychological, so indoor use of wood, fabric, stone and other natural materials shows that the material texture, fresh and elegant. In addition, because of their similar aims and practices, which may be classified as a natural style of garden-style category. Pastoral style sought in indoor environment performance of leisurely, comfortable, natural life of the countryside, and is often the use of naturalwood, stone, rattan, bamboo and other materials simple texture. Coincidentally in the green room settings, creating a natural, simple, elegant atmosphere.Light style (bold Dafang)The mid-20th century, home design ideas have been a lot of liberation, people began to pursue a wide range of design, including modernism, postmodernism, such as the design of a series of more comprehensive system formed in the interior design. Turning to the decoration of people, these "isms" frequently appear in the mouth. This style basically cherry wood finishes as a major.Soft style (smooth independent)In the last century, the beginning of this century, a kind of smooth pursuit in the club like a little luxury design all kinds of real estate properties in the model room and the office appeared, and then appear in a large number of home decoration in general. This style of art is a relatively simple compared to emphasize the content and yet decorative forms, and gradually formed a black walnut wood decorative panels for the main style. Among them, the simplicity and minimalism the beginning of the surface. Style (quiet gentle)This is not in the last century, the beginning of this century as a design style, it is basically a wallpaper based on the surface as the main decoration material, combined with the woodworking practices Mixing this style emphasized the harmony of proportion and color. People will be the last part of a wall and the ceiling the same color, and the wall with the use of a light texture of the wallpaper. The whole style of it is elegant and quiet, with no trace of the impetuous.City style (independent personality)The 21st century, the housing reform, and many young first-time home buyers who appear to have this style impetus. Young people have just bought a house, many of them cos I'm always skint, but this time the real estate and are essentially rough Housing (a non-basic style of decoration), and these young people are forced to carry out the renovation of the revolution . Limited by its financial resources, people are starting to come through a variety of forms has been stressed that "decoration" of perception, in which large-scale use of bright colors is a typical example. It will be athome in the large-scale use of a variety of colors, sometimes even in the same space, the use of three or more than three colors.Fresh style (freehand pastel)This is a simple and derived under the influence with a "petty bourgeoisie" flavor of the interior design style. Particularly as many of the emergence of single people, the petty bourgeoisie in the style of a great deal of variety in the decoration of the apartment. As many times, they do not, such as the residents like the elderly and the children of members, so do not consider the decoration of many of the functions of the problem. They are often stressed and dull of an arbitrary. White纱帘buoyant with a soft fabric of the sofa, and then stacked with a variety of colors of the pillow pile to form a full atmosphere of the interior space lazily.Chinese style (retro)With the emergence of large number of modernist doctrine, the rise of the domestic and a retro style, it is the revival of Chinese-style decoration. Chinese painting, calligraphy and the Ming and Qing furniture constitute the most important elements of Chinese design. However, these expensive retro furniture has become a major obstacle to the lovers.Hybrid styleIn recent years, the architectural design and interior design in general has diversified, inclusive of the situation. Indoor layout also tends to have a modern and practical, but also learn the characteristics of traditional, in the decoration and furnishings in the ancient and modern China and the West melting into one, such as traditional screens, and table setting, with modern style decoration of the walls, windows and doors, a new type of sofa; European classical glass lamps and wall decoration, with the traditional oriental furniture and furnishings in Egypt, and so short. Although the hybrid design style eclectic, using a variety of style, but the design is still Originality, in-depth scrutiny shape, color, material and so the overall composition and visual effects.室内设计风格杰里米•迈尔森上海2004摘要：从建筑风格衍生出多种室内设计风格，根据设计师和业主审美和爱好的不同，又有各种不同的幻化体。
室内设计空间-中英文对照1
室内设计空间-中英文对照1室内设计空间-中英文对照General:大凡Plan -平面图Elevation -立面图Section -剖面图Detail Drawing-大样图Ceiling Plan -天花图Plan:平面lighting layout Plan -灯光设计图Electrical Layout Plan -电图(大凡指带有电制-socket的图) Fire Service Layout Plan -消防系统MVAC Layout Plan -空调系统Detail Drawing:详图Floor Pattern Detail -地板图Stone Pattern Detail -石图Schedule: (附助图表)Lighting Schedule -灯具表1\ Florescent Light2\ Spot Light (directional /non-directional)3\ Light troughSocket Schedule -电气表Window and Door Schedule -门窗表Hardware Schedule -五金器具表Sanitary fixture Schedule -洁具(卫生设备)表家居篇:Living Room -客厅Dining Room -饭厅foyer -玄关Kitchen –Bath -厕所、浴室Study -书房Store -贮物室Master Bed Room -主人房Guest Bed Room -客房Suite -套房Balcony -露台Garden -花园Soft Landscape -绿化商业篇Graphic–图表Plasma–等离子体，等离子区Storage-仓库，库房，储藏室，存放Couture-服装设计（师）或其服装店辨公室Reception -接待处Waiting Area or Lounge –后客室Meeting Room -会议室(指小形的)Conference Room -会议室(大凡的)Board Room –简报厅Open Office –开放办公区Pantry -储藏室亦可细分为Wet(湿) Pantry and Dry(干) Pantry.Server Room –茶水间Copy/Fax Machine Room –主机室Manager Office/Cabin -经理辨公室Direction Room -老板房。
室内设计英语词汇中英文翻译
客厅 Livingroom卧室 Bedroom书房 Study阁楼 Loft楼梯 Stair楼梯间 Stir Well玄关 Entrance卫生间 Bathromm厨房 Kitchenground plan 平面图floor, storey 层ground floor 第一层 (美作:first floor)flat 套 (美作:apartment)stair well 楼梯间lift shaft (美作:elevator shaft)fire escape 防火梯staircase 楼梯goods lift 公务电梯 (美作:freight elevator) central heating 暖气ventilation shaft 通风井air conditioning 空调air-conditioned 带空调的flooring (一块)地板floorboard 地板(总称)parquet 木条地板herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板tile 瓷砖terrazzo 磨石子地wall 墙main wall 承重墙partition wall 隔断墙plastering 抹灰skirting board 壁脚板to whitewash 粉刷facade 建筑物正面window 窗basement 地下室penthouse 遮檐,披屋attic, garret 阁楼kitchen 厨房dining room 饭厅living room 起居室lounge 吸烟室,大厅bathroom 浴室toilet 卫生间chimney 烟囱fireplace 壁炉gutter 排水沟drainpipe 雨水管,落水管ceiling 天花板flat roof, roof garden 屋顶平台,屋顶花园roof 屋瓦顶tile, roof tile 瓦sand 沙cement 水泥mortar 灰泥plaster 石膏concrete 混凝土reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete 钢筋混凝土gravel 碎石brick 砖slate 石板marble 大理石beam 梁,木梁girder 钢梁corrugated iron 波状钢timber 木料,木材pipes 钢管wiring 电器设备promoter 创办人architect 建筑师quantity surveyor 施工技术员draftsman 绘图员civil engineer 道路工程师builder 建筑工人foreman 工头master builder 营造商,建筑工程队队长(master) bricklayer 泥瓦匠,砌砖工匠hodman, hod carrier 小工plasterer 抹灰工welder 焊工joiner 工匠electrician 电工glazier 玻璃工匠plumber 管道技工plumber's mate 管道工painter, decorator 油漆工crane driver 吊车司机方案：Design, Scheme初步设计：Primary Design施工图 CD: Construction Design Fuction 功能区Light 灯具Droplight 吊灯吸顶灯Entrance 入口Living room 客厅Sitting room 起居室Embed light 嵌灯Dinning room 餐厅Daylight lamp 日光灯Kitchen 厨房Reflect down light 筒灯Office 书房Quartz down-light 石英灯Master bedroom 主卧房Votage track light 射灯Quest bedroom 客卧Track light 轨道灯Children bedroom 儿童房Picture light 镜画灯Hiding light 暗藏灯管Projection room 视听室Dressing room 更衣室Wall lamp 壁灯Storeroom 储藏室Reading lamp 台灯Master bathroom 主卫Floor lamp 落地灯Bathroom 卫生间Bathroom fixture 卫生洁具Wash room 洗衣房Staircase 楼梯Washbowl 洗手台[台盆] Aisle 过道Water faucet 水龙头Closestool 座便器Gazebe 阳台Urinal 小便斗Garden 花园Bathtab 浴缸Swimming pool 游泳池Shower bath 淋浴房Furniture 家具Wiring 电器设备Cupboard 厨房橱柜Television 电视机Drink box 酒柜Sound box 音响Bar 吧台Washer 洗衣机Dinning table 餐桌Bedstand 床头柜Bed 床Bookcase 书柜Chest of drawers 五斗矮柜Electrical outlet 插座Chest of drawers 藏衣柜Switch 开关TV set 电视柜Air-condition 空调Tea table 茶几Immersion heater 电热水壶Sofa 沙发Electric cooker 电饭褒Reclining chair 躺椅Macrowave oven 微波炉Chair 椅子Refrigeratory 冰箱American interior design; 美国室内设计American interior designer; 美国室内设计师Residential design; 私家住宅设计；Villa design (single family home design); 别墅设计；Office design; 办公室设计；Commercial design; 非住宅设计（商务楼设计；写字楼设计；公共场所设计）Californian interior design; 加州室内设计Californian interior designer; 加州室内设计师Model home design; 样板房设计Clubhouse interior design;会所室内设计American furniture design;美国家具设计Foreign interior design; 外国室内设计Foreign interior designer; 外国室内设计师PLAN —设计方案Interior design –室内设计Exterior 室外Landscape design –景观设计Architecture design –建筑设计designer –设计师baseplan –基础建筑图floor plan –平面图elevation -立面图RCP = 天花吊顶设计 = Reflected Ceiling Plan electric plan = 电线走线图furniture plan –家具布置平面图interior plant plan –室内植物摆放图window schedule –窗表door schedule –门表美国室内设计有两种合同：一种叫做specification，就是只设计，不负责采购室内陈设；另外一种是turnkey，字面意思就是交钥匙，设计师负责设计同时也负责采购室内全部用品用具，包括家具、摆设、艺术皮、画、床上用品、地毯等。
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室内设计在环境上可持续的实践
摘要：本文旨在探讨在现代室内设计准则未保障环境可持续发展的前提下，室内设计师如何运用促使环境可持续的室内设计方案。
为了给可持续室内设计的教育战略提供基础，本文研究环境可持续室内设计的实践。
关键词：可持续发展；可持续室内设计；室内设计实践
1 引言
目前，室内设计师已经认识到可持续室内设计的重要性，开始着手解决环境问题。
尽管一些室内设计师在设计中采用环保的解决方案，但研究、探讨在还未完成它的可持续发展设计准则时这些方案如何作为设计组件而适用。
这一实践将为可持续发展的室内设计教育战略提供基础。
室内设计教育工作者会鉴别不常用的可持续设计元件，发展提高对具体元件认识的教学方法，同时继续教育课程也可开发室内设计从业者。
因此，本研究探讨环境可持续室内设计的实践。
1．1 环境可持续室内设计
室内设计已被定义为创造性问题的解决过程：一个具有创造性、建设性行为的过程。
它是一种有意识的思考过程，将学术知识与想象力结合在一起。
其设计过程可以被看作是一系列的步骤或阶段顺序，既有传统的室内设计方法，也包括利用规划、原理图设计、设计开发、合同文件和合同管理等可持续室内设计，在设计完成之前，我们需要在各阶段都花心思。
在传统室内设计准则中，室内设计师创造、发展、交流那些具有功能性和审美情趣的室内环境解决方案。
室内设计师通过这个过程以求达到功能性质量的室内空间，并为人类的感官提供美学感受。
在室内设计工程中，成本是做决定时另一重要的方面。
然而，环境问题和支持环境可持续设计的需求已经纳入了传统室内设计准则的范围内。
研究表明在传统室内设计准则中，装潢材料主要根据客户的喜好、需求、美学和成本二选择，材料对环境的影响并未视为像其他选择标准同等重要。
室内设计师在选择材料是往往根据制造商的销售资料而很少寻找相互矛盾的信息。
许多室内设计师对材料性能影响环境的知识只有有限认识。
对于设计的发展，环境问题在室内材料和产品的选择和说明中是尤为重要的。
能否实现可持续发展, 重视创造环境可持续发展的设计标准等因素是十分重要的，但这并不意味着可以忽视其他传统的室内设计标准。
环境、经济和社会必须长期彼此保持平衡，可持续发展。
尽管就像Firey所说，是什么构筑了可持续室内设计没有单方面的定义，但在环境、经济和社会中存在连续的权衡和谈判。
因此，本文旨在将可持续室内设计定义为一种将所有系统和材料与整体效果相结合的室内设计，以求减少对环境和居住者的负面影响，增加建筑物对环境、经济和社会的积极作用。
但是需指出目前环境问题在设计过程阶段还为有
重要影响。
2 材料和方法
2．1 研究和样本
通过一个以互联网为基础、全国范围的室内设计从业人员调查，来检查国家环境可持续发展的室内设计实践。
本研究是针对专业室内设计机构即美国室内设计所的室内设计从业人员。
美国室内设计所是全球室内设计师及室内设计行业的领先专业机构。
美国室内设计所拥有超过四万名会员，由2万名室内设计师、学生和产业的合作伙伴组成。
本研究样品从美国室内设计所的室内设计师（特别是其电子邮件地址是可行的设计师）中抽选。
美国室内设计所中大约65%的室内设计师使用电子邮件。
会员邮件列表并未包含个人或专业信息，考虑到反应率而确定样本的取样，此样本随机选择。
2．2 调查内容
此次调查信息来自于同一时段，问卷共提出了35个问题，包括设计师的信息、环境可持续室内设计实践等。
为了减低问卷的模糊率，初稿事先测试了20名室内设计从业人员，并根据结果修改问卷，同时最后结果将事先的统计排除在外。
调查问卷的格式采用封闭式的问题，也就是些众所周知的问题，要求受访者在研究员提供的方案中选择形式和尺度。
问卷的开头是说明，下面分为两个部分。
第一部分是真实的多项选择题了解被访者的个人信息和专业证书。
个人信息包括就业和实践的地区。
第二部分集中在环境可持续发展的室内设计实践活动。
这一部分的问题以能源、环境设计的领导阶层(LEED)绿色建筑等级系统和明尼苏达州的状态可持续发展建筑方针而发展。
2．3 环境可持续室内设计
在建筑物使用期限内，最大限度地减少室内设计在环境系统的消极影响，增大其积极作用。
2．4 室内环境质量
提供一个生理和心理健康的室内环境。
2．5 室内材料
利用室内设计材料，减少资源浪费及其对环境的影响。
室内环境质量报表包括九项特征，包括四项室内空气质量特征和五项人类幸福特征。
2.5.1 室内空气质量
满足室内空气质量的最低要求；避免房屋使用者产生环境烟雾；防止在建设和改造过程中产生室内空气质量问题；指定环保的材料和家具。
2.5.2 人类幸福
提供一个高水平的对制热、通风和照明的独立控制；提供适当的制热条件；通过引入阳光和景观，将室内空间和外部环境联系起来；提供适当的照明条件，并将这些条件通过节能
的方法控制起来；提供适当的声学条件。
室内材料具有十四项基于生命周期的特征，包括三项减少输入、四项管理输出和七项生命周期设计的特征。
2.5.2.1 减少输入
尽可能减少材料使用的数量；促进材料分解，以便循环和重复使用；详细说明新旧材料。
2.5.2.2 管理输出
发展和执行一个管理废旧材料的计划；减少并循环利用废旧包裹；提供一个方便材料分类、收集和储存的区域。
2.5.2.3 生命周期设计
详细说明循环利用的材料；详细说明当地制造的材料；详细说明可快速再生的材料；详细说明木质材料，以便对森林管理负责；详细说明持久、耐用的材料；详细说明可重复使用、循环利用和生物降解的材料；详细说明低生命周期影响的室内材料。
为了每份报表，要求受访者根据当前的规模把它评价为三大类，分类根据运用的频率，对设计师以及设计师所在公司起作用。
2．6 数据收集及分析
使用邮件或互联网调查是为了迅速覆盖更多的区域，他们通过可靠的网络管理工具回答管理报告。
这个研究的电子邮件通过发放样品，再让他们到指定的网站来完成调查。
为了获得高的反应率，将有三封邮件，一封初始邮件，两周时候将有第二封邮件，第三封邮件将作为提示完成问卷进行发送，最后使用描述性统计数据分析研究。
此次统计分布在室内设计师的特点和环境可持续室内设计实践的中心趋向的频率和比例上。
3 讨论
室内设计师认为环境可持续室内设计是重要的，但并不总是把它付诸实践。
环境可持续室内设计将不被运用于室内设计工程中是有不同原因的。
需要努力获取知识并将环境可持续室内设计应用于工程中将是很浪费时间和压力的项目计划。
室内设计师可能会认为可持续室内设计需要额外的室内环境系统及材质，为此将会付出更高的代价。
但是，如果顾客不要求或不熟悉这样的方法，结果将会不同，顾客将会被鼓励使用环境可持续室内设计解决方案。
这次调查研究显示，可持续室内材料在环境可持续室内设计组件上的运用比在室内环境质量上运用的更少。
它同样表明室内设计师还未意识到环境问题已经关系到室内材料的整个生命周期。
因此，提高对可持续室内设计重要性以及室内材料对整个生命周期影响的意识的教学方法对装潢材料类本科生和在继续教育课程的实践者都是十分必要的。
此次研究将会成为激励室内设计从业者去进行环境可持续室内设计实践的决定因素。
研究表明，虽然室内设计师认为环境可持续室内设计十分重要，但是他在室内工程中的运用却没有达到认知的同等水平。
决定为什么室内设计师有将环境特征运用到他们的设计世界的动
机的原因将会直接促进环境可持续发展的实践。
虽然室内设计师已经意识到环境可持续室内设计的重要性，但是考虑到可持续室内设计的花费又使他们气馁。
这项调查研究被设计成环境与经济研究可持续室内设计的统一体。
可持续装潢材料，是一种不常见的环境可持续室内设计应用组件，通过绿色项目装潢材料的实例才能进行。
如果这种实践的优势更加明显，环境可持续室内设计实践的特征也许才能更广泛地应用。
这项研究工程被设计成用来考察和分析那些表明使用环境可持续室内设计方法底线的数据。
4 结论
虽然室内设计师承认环境可持续设计的重要性，但它在室内设计工程中的应用并没有达到它重要性认知的同等水平。
可持续装饰材料在环境可持续室内设计组件上的运用比在室内空气质量和人类幸福上运用的更少。
在室内空气质量、环境烟草上的控制是最常见的应用特点，而低挥发材料的使用是最少的。
随着系统可控性越来越少被使用，相对地，在人类幸福、获得日光和景观、有效的照明、适当的声学控制和热舒适性方面的应用越来越常见。
在减少输入方面，减少材料的使用是最常见的应用特点；在管理输出方面，减少和处置危险废物是最常见的；在生命周期设计中，常见的是坚固耐用、本地材料。
然而，建筑废物管理、低生命周期影响的材料是可持续室内设计最不常见的应用特点。
更多有关环境型、经济型和社会型可持续室内设计的研究，有助于进一步改良可持续设计的知识主体。
了解国家环境可持续室内设计是十分重要的，这项研究已经为此作出一份贡献。