国际货代物流实务英语
《国际货运代理实务》英文课程标准.
Teaching Syllabus of The Practice of International FreightForwardingCourse Title:The Practice of International Freight ForwardingSuitable Specialty:International Trade of Higher Vocational CollegesCredit Hour:72hoursCredit:4credits1.Preface1.1Course DescriptionThe Practice of International Freight Forwarding is one of the specialized expanding courses of International Trade in higher vocational colleges.This course aims to cultivate international freight forwarder with a strong professional competence,good professional quality and practical operating ability.Through this course,students will be able to handle a variety of routine tasks such as accepting orders,booking space,allocating transportation,transshipment,consolidation etc.This course is not only based on The Operation of Export Business and International Marketing but also the basis for further studying Container Transport Management and Supply Chain Management course,etc.1.2Course DesignThe course is guided by the job position standard of international freight forwarder and takes international freight forwarding process as a main line,according to the vocational students'cognitive characteristics,present teaching content by the method of business process guiding teaching process,make students to construct knowledge system by completing the process of specific project tasks in order to train vocational skills and develop vocational ability.This course includes eight working projects including Cognition of International Freight Forwarding Business,International Freight Forwarding Service and Marketing,International Ocean Cargo Forwarding Practice,International Air Cargo Forwarding Practice,International Overland Cargo Forwarding Practice,International Multimodal Transportation Practice,Practicefor other business agency,Risk Prevention and Accident Handling in International Freight Forwarding Business.These work projects are designed by the clues of basic qualities,basic skills, basic norms,basic services,basic operations of international freight forwarder position.The course contents give prominence to train the professional competence of the students.The selection of professional theory not only focuses on the needs of completing work tasks,but also gives full consideration to the needs of professional theory learning for higher vocational education and the integration of knowledge,skills and attitudes requirements of relevant professional qualification.2.Course ObjectivesThrough this course,students can systematically study the theory and practical operation, master a variety of practical skills and scientific international freight management methods in the international freight forwarding process,so as to provide international freight services to ensure safe and reasonable transport of goods,improve freight quality and economic efficiency,respond to the increasingly fierce competition in the international freight market.At the same time,with the same training practice as professional positions requirements,teach students to have career awareness and literacy,to form the ability of a preliminary work,and have self-learning,solidarity collaboration capabilities,good communication and presentation skills,creative thinking and analysis ability to solve problems,and effectively improve their professional skills and overall quality.Professional Competency Objectives:●Be able to login professional website,independently inquire the information of the current price range,supply and demand of all kinds of services●Be able to gain the customer information through effective access and consult with business transactions●Be able to develop customer orders according to the commission of the consignor and consignee●Properly accept the customers’inquiries such as the owner and the carrier and handle their needs●Be able to correctly make the main documents in the international freight forwarding business●Be able to handle related businesses as a commission agent such as chartering,booking space,insurance,inspection,customs declaration●Be able to coordinate with business partners in handling cargo damage and transportation incidents3．Teaching Contents and RequirementsNo.Content Task Skill Requirement Knowledge Requirement Credit Hours1Cognition ofInternationalFreightForwardingBusinessTask1:Introduction toInternationalFreightForwardingBusinessTask2:JobPositionTask3:BusinessScope and WorkFlow•Understand rationalizationof international freighttransportation•Master business contentsand work flow ininternational freightforwarding enterprise•Know well and obey theposition responsibility andbehavior standard•Know the main internationalfreight forwarding modes•Master the concept,liabilityand rights of internationalfreight forwarder•Know well the business scopeof international freightforwarding enterprise•Be familiar with the servicetarget of internationalfreight forwarder62InternationalFreightForwardingService andMarketingTask1:InternationalFreightForwardingServiceTask2:InternationalFreightForwardingMarketing•Analyze accuratelyinternational freightforwarding market andproduct•Formulate price properlyand control costeffectively•Proficiency in usingdistribution andpromotion strategy forinternational freightforwarding marketing•Know the definition ofInternational FreightForwarding service•Know International FreightForwarding Managementand Standardization•Master the distribution andpromotion strategy forinternational freightforwarding market83InternationalOcean CargoForwardingPracticeTask1:Container cargotransportationTask2:Conference lineTask3:Charteringbusiness•Carry on containertransportation business ofImport and export products•Carry on freight cargo linertransportation of import andexport products•Carry on freight charteringtransport•Make related shippingdocuments correctly•Accurately calculate thevarious types of ocean•Learn more about the basicsof international maritimecargo transportation•Familiar with the import andexport freight forwardingbusiness process includingcontainer liner shipping,cargo liner shipping andchartering cargotransportation•Master a variety ofinternational maritime16freight and fees shipping documents making•Master all kinds ofinternational maritimetransportation chargescalculation4International AirCargoForwardingPracticeTask1:Workflow ofInternational aircargotransportationTask2:Makinginternational aircargodocumentsTask3:CalculateInternational AirCargo Freight•Carry on import and exportforwarding business ofinternational air cargo•Make air cargo forwardingdocuments correctly•Accurately calculate thevarious types of air cargofreight and fees•Masterly handle importand export forwardingbusiness of internationalair express•Learn the basics ofinternational maritime cargotransportation•Be familiar with work flow ofinternational air cargoforwarding business•Master international aircargo transportationdocument making•Master charges calculation ofinternational air cargotransportation105InternationalOverland CargoForwardingPracticeTask1:Handlingtheinternationalrailway freightforwardingbusinessTask2:Handlingtheinternationalroad freightforwardingbusiness•Handle the internationalrailway freight forwardingbusiness•Handle the internationalroad freight forwardingbusiness•Understand the basics ofinternational rail and roadfreight forwarding•Grasp the international railfreight business processesand operations•Master the international roadtransportation66InternationalMultimodalTransportationPracticeTask1：DealwithInternationalMultimodalTransportationBusinessTask2:MakeInternationalMultimodalTransportationDocumentsTask3:CalculateInternationalMultimodal•Handle InternationalMultimodal TransportationBusiness operation•Make and issueInternational MultimodalTransportation documents•Calculate the charges ofInternational MultimodalTransportation•Know the concepts anddifferences of InternationalMultimodal Transportation,land bridge transportation andOCP transportation.•Know the operation processof International MultimodalTransportation•Master the making ofInternational MultimodalTransportation document•Master the calculation ofInternational MultimodalTransportation charges8Transportation charges7Practice forOther businessagencyTask1:Act inspectionand customsdeclarationTask2:InternationalcargowarehousingandconservationTask3:Coverinternationalcargo insurance•Proficiency for inspectionand customs declarationagents business•The proper conduct ofwarehouse managementand product packaging,storage and conservation•Operate internationalcargo insurance business•Be familiar with the basics ofinspection and customsclearance,warehousingmaintenance,cargoinsurance of import andexport goods•Grasp inspection andcustoms declaration agencybusiness operations•Master the internationalcargo warehousingprocesses•Know precautions ofpackaging,storage andconservation•Grasp the practical operationof international freightinsurance128Risk Preventionand AccidentHandling inInternationalFreightForwardingBusinessTask1:Internationalfreightforwardingbusiness riskpreventionTask2:Internationalfreightidentificationand treatmentof accident•Correctly identify andproperly handle theInternational freightforwarding accident•Skilled operations of theclaims and settlements•Understand the definitionand classification ofinternational shippingaccident•Understand of internationalfreight dispute Solutions•Understand the businessoperations of the claims andsettlements•Be familiar with the basicprocedures of arbitrationand litigation6Total724.Suggestions for Course Implementation4.1Textbook CompilationThis course should select excellent textbook for vocational students,training guide books, textual research materials and other reference books,combined with online teaching,in order to meet students’needs in preview,classroom learning,after-school review,extracurricular self-study and experimental training at different stages.Some conditional teaching institutions assist teaching through building course teaching website.4.1.1The textbook and the corresponding supplementary material should be complied by this course syllabus.4.1.2The textbook should reflect the design idea of specialized courses of higher vocational education such as task-driven and practice oriented,take the foreign trade salesman occupation as its core,take export business operator content as its main part,combine the assessment requirements of occupational qualification,comply the textbook content properly.4.1.3The Textbook is based on the project activities which has been designed and presents the illustrated teaching content lucidly through the way of multimedia presentation,simulation, role experience,role exchange,scene reappearance,case analysis,etc.4.1.4The textbook content should be practicable,and keep up with the times,integrate new knowledge,new regulation,new technology,new method of operation of foreign trade business, be close to the change,development and actual need of foreign trade business.4.2Suggestions for Teaching4.2.1Teaching process:teaching should consider the actual level of students and actual situation of different teaching stages,arrange contents properly.Project choice and teaching proportion should be adjusted according to the study base and curriculum system,follow in order and advance step by step.4.2.2Teaching method:this course adopts the Project Teaching method which is task driven, leads the students to master the professional skill and professional knowledge according to the requirement of professional competency of foreign trade salesman,through the way of setting working task.4.2.3Teaching organization form:this course is supported by various teaching material, encourages Inverted Classroom,leads students to study on their own before class,practice during class,expand after class,improve their business skills and occupational ability.4.3Suggestions for Assessment and EvaluationTeaching evaluation suggests adopt the combination of process evaluation and outcome evaluation,and then proceed to project task assessment.4.3.1Prominent process and module evaluation,combined with attendance,attitude towards learning,classroom performance,module assessment and other means to strengthen the practical teaching assessment,and focus on usually adopting points.4.3.2Focus on results-based evaluation of the knowledge and professional competence.4.3.3When the project teaching gradually deepens teaching steps of this course, assessment methods will gradually increase the proportion of project tasks assessment,and ultimately the entire project test results to assess student course grades.4.4The Resources of the course4.4.1Make full use of professional teaching software and teaching resources on relevant websites,increase sources for study,shift the teaching content from a single one to diversity,and make it possible to expand students’knowledge and skills.4.4.2Fully develop available course resources on campus such as the library,campus environment,audio-visual equipment and experience of teachers and students to make the teaching more vivid,colorful and attractive.4.4.3Make use of modern information technology to develop self-study software and build up an online training platform which is multidimensional,dynamic,active,and independent,in order to fully inspire students’initiative,enthusiasm and creativity.4.4.4Gradually cyberize the knowledge of this course and expand the routes and methods of communication.For example,establish an online multimedia learning center on campus which is favorable for teacher-student interaction and self-study.Students can log in the online learning center,and finish all the classes on their own,which provides an effective way for students to improve their basic professional skills.。
国际货运代理专业英语
1. Scope of …Originally,a freight forward was a commission agent performing on behalf of the export/import route tasks such as loading/unloading of goods,storage of goods,arranging local transport,obtaining payment for his customer,etc..However,the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.Today,a freight forwarder plays an import role in international trade and transport.The services that a freight forwarder renders may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of servicies covering the total transportation and distribution process.(Export) Unless the consignor,the person sending goods,or the consignee,the person receiving goods,wants to attend to any of the procedural（程序上的）and documentary formalities(正式的) himself,it is usually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved.The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through sub-contractors（转包商）or otheragencies employed by him.He is also expected to utilize,in his connection,the services of his overseas agents.Briefly,these services are：Study the provisions of the letter of credit and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export,the country of import,as well as any transit country,he would also prepare all the necessary documents.Pack the goods,taking into account the route,the mode of transport,the nature of the goods and applicable regulations,if any , in the country of export,transit contries and country of destination.Arrange warehousing of the goods,if necessaryWeigh and measure the goodsDraw the consignorˊs attention to the need for insurance and arrange for the insurance of goods,if required by the consignorTransport the goods to the port,arrange for customs clearance,related documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier.Attend to foreigh exchange transactions,if anyPay fees and other charges including freightObtain the signed bills of lading from the carrier and arrange delivery to the consignor Arrange for transshipment en route of necessaryMonitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts with the carrier and the forwarderˊs agents abroad.Note damages or losses,if any,to the goodsAssist the consignor in pursuing claims,of any,against the carrier for loss of the goods or for damage to themOn behalf of the consigeeMonitor the movement of good on behalf of the consignee when the consignee controls freight,that is,the cargoReceive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the goodsTake delivery of the goods from the carrier and if necessary ,pay the freight costArrange customs clearance and pay duties fees and charges to the customs and other public authoritiesArrange transit warehousing,if necessaryDeliver the cleared goods to the consigneeAssist the consignee,if necessary,in pursuing claims,if any against the carrier for the loss of the goods or any damage to themAssist the consignee ,if necessary,In warehousing and distribution2. Incoterms 2000---major trade termsInternational rules for interpretation of trade termsICC:International Chamber Of CommerceLater amendments and additions were made to it to bring the rules in line with current international trade practices（贸易惯例）,Eeach term specifies whether the buyer or the seller is responsible for arranging such necessary as export license,customs clearance,inspections,and other obligations.They specify at which point the risk of loss and /or damage passes from seller to buyer as well as which party pays for specific activities .A buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms,therefore,will have a mutual understanding of their rights,cost,and obligations1. FOB---Free on board―Free on board‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the shipˊs rail at the named port of shipment .This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point.The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export .This term can be used for sea or inland waterway transport.2. CFR---Cost and freight―Cost and freight‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the shipˊs rail in the port of shipment.The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods,as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery,are transferred from the seller to the buyer. The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport..3. CIF---Cost,Insurance and freight―Cost Insurance and freight‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods psss the shipsˊs rail in the port of shipment.The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risks of loss of or damage to the goods,as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the tine of delivery ,are transferred from the seller to the buyer.However ,In CIFthe seller also has to procuer insurance against the buyerˊs risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.Consequently,the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurancepremium.The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.3. Terms of shipment in the Contracts for the International Sale of goods When buyer and seller discuss the terms of the contract, terms of shipment are compulsory.Terms of shipment inculde methods of trasport , time of shipment,partial shipment and transshipment,port or place of loading and unloading ,shipping documents,etc,Here only time of shipment will be discussed.Time of shipment refers to the time limit for loading the goods on board the vessel at port of shipment ( If shipment is made by sea ).There are several ways of stipulating time of shipment :●Shipment on or about June 20,2002●Shipment not later than July 31st 2002.or latest shipment date:July 31st,2002●Shipment to be made during June/July ,2002●Shipment with 15 days after receipt of remittance.●Shipment with 30 days after receipt of L/C .In order to prevent the buyer from openingthe L/C later ,the export should stipulate at the same time ―The relevant L/C must reach the seller not later than August 20,2002.‖●According to UCP 500, if the experssion ―on or about‖or similar experssions areused,banks will interpert them as a stiulation that shipment is to be made during the period ,from five days before to five days after the specified date,both end days included.For example , if the L/C stipulates that shipment date is ―on or about July 20 ,2002‖. Then the goods can be shipper from July 15 to July 25.The word‖to‖, ―until‖, ―till‖,‖from‖and words of similar expressions applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned.The word ―after‖ will be understood to exclude the date mentioned.The terms‖first half‖, ―second half ― of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 15th , and the 16th to the last day of such month, all dates inclusive.The terms ―beginning‖ ,‖middle‖,or ―end‖ of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 10th , the 11th to the 20th ,and the 21st to the last day of such month ,all dates inclusive.When the traders discuss the time of shipment in the contract.1. The export should consider whether he can get the goods ready before the shipmentdate and whether the ship is available if the goods are ready.2. The time of shipment should be stipulated in a clear and flexible way.Stipulation like ―shipment on July 20‖ is clear,but not flexible, if the seller can not get the goods ready befort that, he will break the contract.Expressions such as ―prompt‖, ―innediately‖, ―as soon as possible‖, and the like should not be used .If they are used bankes will disregard them ,If these terms are used,disputes may occur because there is no uniform explanation of these terms.3. Sometimes ,the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date ,which means these two dates are the same ,For example, if the L/C stipulates that the expiry date is July 31st without a shipment date, then the latest shipment date is also july 31st .In this case,the exporter should ship the goods much earlier than july 31st so that he can leave enough time fou himself to get all the documents ready and present the documents to his bank within the validity of the L/C .If the exporter ships the goods on july 31,it is very difficult for him to present the documents to the bank on the same day.3. The Expiry Datea. If the expiry date of the credit and/or the last day of the period of time forpresentation of documents stipulated by the credit falls on a day on which the band to which presentation has to be made is closed,the stipulated expiry date and/or the last day of the period of tine after the date of shipment for presenation of documents, as the case may be ,shall be extended to the first following day on which such bank is open.b. The lastest date for shipment shall not be extended by reason of the extension ofthe expiry date and /or the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents. If no such lastest date for shipment is stipulated in the credit or amendments,banks will not accept transport documents indicating a date of shipment later than the expiry date stipulated in the credit or amendments.4. Marine Cargo Insurance1. Principles of marine cargo insuranceThe marine cargo insurance is based on the principles of insurable interest ,utmost good faith ,and indemnity .No contract of marine insurance is valid unless the assured has an insurable interest in the subject matter insured at the time of loss. Cargo insurance is a contract of indemnity ,that is, to compensate for the loss or damage in terms of the value of the insured goods , The amount insured as agreed between the insurer and the assured forms the basic of indemnity .The principle of utmost good faith is indispensable in any insurance contract .A contract of marine insurance is a contract based upon the utmost good faith ,and ,if the utmost good faith be not observed by either party, the contract may be avoided by the other party .2. Insurance PremiumThe premium is the consideration which the insurers receive from the assured inexchange for their undertaking to pay the sum insured in the event insured against .The general guiding rate of the insurance premium is 1% of the amount insured .The premium rates may vary ,for example , from 0.5% to 2.5% or less depending on factors such as :type of goods ,the contry and distance of destination ,value of the goods ,mode of transportation, the type of risks covered ,container or bulk shipment and type of packing . The minimum amount insured should be the CIF or the CIP value of the goods plus 10%.3. Insurance PolicyInsurance policy is an evidence of insurance contract issued by the insurer or underwrite to the assured .It stipulates each party ˊs rights and responsibilities .The format of insurance policy forms varies from insurer to insurer. Insurance policy or certificate ,and endorsement are the main ones used in daily business. The policy must be issued and signed by an insurance company or its agent . If more than one original is issued and is so indicated in the policy , all the originals must be presented to the bank, unless otherwise anthorized in the letter of credit .4. Types of basic coverageThe basic coverage in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses is FPA , WA/WPA and All Risks Coverage .（1）Free From Particular AverageThe risks coverd in FPA coverage basically means that only total or constructive total loss of the whole consignment of cargo but no partial loss or damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities , such as heavy weather , lightning , tsunami ,earthquake and flood .Total loss or partial loss is recoverable from the insurer incurred as a result of specific casualties ,e ,g.,collision ,standing siking of the vessel .It also covers general average and salvaing the goods or averting or minimizing a loss recoverable under the policy .（2）With Particular Average (WA / WPA)WA / WPA provides larger cover than FPA since partial loss and damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities ,That is the only difference between WA / WPA and FPA in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses . （3）All RisksThis type of coverage is the most widely used in the transport of general cargo because it provides better coverage the WA / WPA type .Aside from the risks covered under WA / WPA type , it also provides insurance against all risks of less of or damage to the cargo insured arising from external causes in the course of transit . The All Risks does not cover risks of war , strike and other special additional risks such as failure to delivery , import duty , on deck , rejection ,aflatoxin etc .The general additional risks such as theft , pilferage & non—delivery risks , fresh water and /or rain damage risks shortage risks , intermixture and contamination risks , leakage risks ,clask and breakage risks , taint of odour risks , sweat and heating risks , hook damage risks , breakage ofpacking risks and rust risks are covered in All Risks coverage .5. The Practice Of International Ocean Cargo Transportation1. Transport GeographyAn internationanl freight forwarder should be familiar with international trade routes . He or she should have knowledge of main traffic routes location of ports ,trans—shipment points and inland centres . A freight forwarder shoule also have a general idea of the pattern of international trade and its changing trends .2.1) Conference linesA shipping conference is a group of shiping lines operating in any particular routeunder agreement to provide a scheduled service with a common tariff and a fixed itinerary of ports of call .The purpose of a shipping conference is to eliminate price competition among member lines and reduce outside competition by trying to capture most of the traffic for member lines through loyalty arrangements with shippers .The main advantages of the conference system to shippers are stability of freight rates and regularity of srevices . However , the disadvantages are obvious . Rates are usually high . Rates do not fluctuate accoding to supply and demand as in a tramp service Rules and procedures are inflexible .2) None—conference linesIn recent years , along most international routes , none—conference lines have posed a challenge to the conference system . This is attributable to the development of containerization and emergence of many independent carriers .As a result ,along some routes ,the conference lines have been forced to come to terms with the non—conference lines in regard to rates , and terms and condition of service .3) Non—vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC)An NVOCC is a carrier when operates a regular scheduled service . He does not own or operate the vessels by which sea transportation is provided . Although the NVOCC is a carrier in his relationship with the actual carrier . He is a shipper in his relationship with the actual shipper . He assumes the role of a principal and performs several functions . He assumes responsibility for ocean carriers , both conference and non—conference lines .He renders a useful service by providing grouppage or consolidation services , particularly to small shipper who do not have much bargaining power in nagotiating rates .4) Tramp serviceTramp service has on fixed itinerary or schedule and is operated on any route according to supply and demand Tramp vesseles are usually chartered at negotiated rates , particularly when the quantity of cargo is large .2. Shipping documentsThe documents commonly used in carriage of goods by sea are bills of lading , sea waybills, manifests , shipping notes , delivery orders and mat e′s receipt .The bill of lading by itself is not a contract of carriage as it is signed only by the carrier . Howerever , it provides evidence of contract of carriage . It serves as a receipt for goods delivered to the carrier . Besides , the bill of lading serves as a document of title enabling the goods to be transferred from the shipper to the consignee or any other party by endorsment .A sea waybill is the replacement of the traditional ocean bill of lading . The way billis a non—negotiable document and made out to a named consignee who is allowed , upon production of proper identification , to claim the goods without presenting the waybill .A cargo manifest provides information regarding cargo on board . A freightmanifest gives information regarding freight rates , surcharge ,rebates , etc . The manifest is prepared by the carrie r′s agent , but freight forwarder has to handle it while dealing with the customs and port authorities .A shipping note is issued by the shipper to the carrier requesting allocation ofshipping space . It is a commitment on the part of the shipper to ship the goods and serves as the basis for the preparation of the bill of lading .A delivery order is issued by the carrier or his agent to enable the consignee or hisforwarding agent to take delivery of the cargo (import cargo) from the vessel .A mat e′s receipt is the receipt issued by the carrier in the acknowledgement to thegoods received on board (export cargo)which is subsequently exchanged for the bill of lading .6. Documentary CreditIn international sales transactions different methods of payment are adopted depending mainly upon the relationship between the seller and the buyer . For example , if the seller and buyer know each other and have a long—standing business relationship , they may transact business on trust and the seller may periodically send invoices to the buyer for settlement . Payment may also be made by other methods such as ―cash with order‖ when the buyer sends a cheque or a bank draft with his order , or by ―documentary collection‖ , when the seller sends the buyer in the buye r′s country on the buyers′acceptance or payments , as may be specified in the documents .But in many cases , the seller and the buyer do not know each other and located in countries thousands of miles apart . They are not in a position to conduct their commercial transactions on trust . The seller is reluctant to part with his goods unless he is assured of possession of the goods . In order to reconcile the conflicting interests of both the parties and to provide a mechanism for payment in such situations , the International Chamber of Commerce has evolved what is knowm as ―Documentary Credit‖ . In simple terms , documentary credit means payment against documents instead of against goods . The documents transfer title to the goods .The ―Uniform Customs and Practive for Documentary Credit‖(UCP) Published by the International Chamber of Commerce contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit . It has been accepted and adopted by banks and banking associations throughout the world . It has brought the UCP into line with established and foreseeable practices regarding containerized transport and trade facilitation, the use of electronic data processing and the development of new types of credit like deferred payments and stand—by credits .As the documentary credit is operated through banks , therefore , it has certain advantages to both the seller and buyer : for the seller , it is a bank undertaking to which he can look for payment ; for the buyer , it is a conditional undertaking where payment can be made on his behalf only against the documents which will transfer to him the title to the goods .For practical purpose , assume that a local buyer agrees to buy goods from an overseas seller and under the sales contract , payment is to be made by banker′s letter of credit . To fulfill the contract , the buyer arranges with his bank to open a letter of cerdit for his account in favour of the overseas seller . The buyer is not required to pay for the goods until the arrival of the relevant shipping document . The seller , on receipt of a letter of credit , will have to prepare shipment of the contract goods within the delivery date . Once shipment of the goods is completed , the seller will be able to present all the documents to the negotiating bank for payment under the terms of the credit . The negotiating bank should ensure that the seller′s documents are drawn up in accordance with the credit terms before such documents are paid for and forwarded to the issuing the negotiated documents it will make up a debit note showing the total cost due and request payment from the buyer . Once the buyer accepts that the documents are in compliance with the terms of the letter of credit he must settle the bill in order to obtain the shipping documents so that he will be able to take delivery of the goods from the carrier or its agent . On settlement of the bill , the whole operation of documentary credit will be regarded as completed .8. Marine Bill of Lading---General Introduction1. General Concept of Marine Bills of LadingMarine Bills of lading are used primarily international sales of goods where the carriage of goods is by sea . Definitions of the bill of lading vary from country to country . Broadly , the bill of lading has been defined as receipt for goods shipped of board a ships , signed by the person ( or his agent ) contracts to carry them , and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship . It is not the actual contract , but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract .2. Functions of Marine Bills of LadingMarine bills of lading perform a number of functions . Generally , it is receipt for thegoods shipped , a document of title to the goods and evidence of the terms of the contract of affreightment .A bill of lading is a receipt issued , by a carrier that an identifiable consignment ofgoods has been received by him for shipment , or actually loaded on board his ship .The bill of lading as a receipt willl show the quantity and condition of the cargo loaded ,ship′s name , port of loading , the destination , details of date and so on .A bill of lading is a document of title to the goods . The possession of a bill of lading isequivalent in law to possesion of the goods . The holder of the bill of lading is able to obtain delivery of the goods at the port of destination and during transit the goods can be sold merely by endorsing the bill of lading .Additionally , the terms of the bill of lading provide evidence of the contract of carriage between the carrier and the shipper . The terms of the bill of lading contain the terms of the contract .3. Types of Marine Bills of LadingThere are several forms of bills of lading and these include the following :1) Order of ladingOrder bills are issued by carriers to the order of shipper or conginee . This means that the carrier , shippower , charterer or master will deliver the goods at the port of destination not solely to the named consignee , but so any person designated by him .An order bill of lading is a negotiable document . Order bills made out to consignee ―or order ― can be transferred by them by endorsment .2) Straight Bills of LadingIn contract with the order bills of lading , straight bills are those made out to named consigness without the addition of the word ―or order ― . They are not negotiable and cannot be transferred to third parties . Delivery of goods , thereore , can only be taken by the named consignee .3) Shipped Bills of LadingShipped bills state definitely that the goods have been loaded . It confirms that goods are actually on board the vessel . Most bills of lading forms are printed as shipped bills and commence with the wording :‖shipped in apparent good order and condition .‖4) Received for Shipment Bills of LadingReceived for shipment bills state that the goods have been received for shipment , and do not indicate the actual date of loading . The received for shipment bill of lading grew up because with the development of the liner services it became the custom for the shipowner to receive the cargo some hours or even days before it was actually loaded .5) Direct Bills of LadingDirect bills of lading are those covering shipment between direct ports of lading or discharge .6) Through Bills of LadingThrough bills of Lading cover shipment from or to ports involving transport by two or more shipping or railways companies . The shipping company , for additional freight ,undertakes to make all arrangement to get the goods to their destination .7) Clean Versus Foul Bills of LadingThe clean bill of lading bears an indication that the goods were received without damages , irregularities or short shipment ,usually the words ―apparent good order and condition ―. ―clean on board ― or the like are indicated on the B/LThe foul bill of lading—unclean bill of lading , dirty bill of lading or claused bill of lading –is the opposite of the chean bill of lading . It bears an indication that the goods were received with damages , irregularities or short shipment , usually the words ― unclean on board ―or the like are indicated on the B/L , for example , ― insufficient padking ―,‖missing safety seal ― and ―one carton short ―.9.Marine Bills of Lading ( 2 )--Making and signing ofA marine bill of lading can be drawn up in a variey of ways , but it is nearly always prepared on a pre—printed form .whatever its form , a bill of lading may contain some main elements ,such as quantity of cargo ,accurate cargo description and condition ,date of the bill of lading ,names of shipper and consignee , ports of lading and discharging , ship′s name,terms and conditions of carriage and payment of freight.The shipp′s port agent , in fact , may be given the task of drawing up bills of lading .If there are subsequently required for letter of credit transactions , it is useful that the agent be supplied with appropriate details of that letter of credit so that all relevant material can be included in the wording .The main parties on a bill of lading are shipper,Conssignee. Notify Party and Carrier . The shipper is the person , usually the exporter , who sends the goods .Consignee refers to the person entitled to take delivery of the goods . Carrier is the person or company who has concluded a contract with the shipper for carriage of goods . Notify party is the party that the carrier must notify when the goods arrive at the port of destination . The carrier issues an Arrival Notice informing the Notify Party about the cargo discharge point , number of packages and other information.It is important to the date bills of loding correctly ,and as per the date on which the cargo is actually loaded . Cargo quantity and condition should also be adequately and correctly described in the bills of lading . Relevant comments should be entered in either tally or mate′s receipts , and thereafter in bills of lading .2. Issuing Marine Bills Of LadingAll bills should be signed by either shipping company or by a duly authorised agent .If time does not permit the ship′s master to sign the bills , a letter is usually dra wn up giving the port agent appropriate authority to sign bills of lading . The bill of lading must show how many signed originals were issued .The oringinals are marked as ―original ―on their face and all have equal value , that is , all have the same validity .The purpose of issuing more than one original is to ensure that the port of destination will receive the original when dispatched separately . The original B/ ;L are proof of ownership of goods , one of which must be surrendered to the carrier at destination , duly endorsed by the title holder in the goods in exchange for the goods or。
新编国际货运代理专业英语
新编国际货运代理专业英语New International Freight Forwarding Professional EnglishUnit 1 Introduction to International Freight Forwarding1.1 Definition and Functions of International Freight Forwarding 1.2 Main Participants in International Freight Forwarding1.3 Types of International Freight Forwarding Services1.4 Overview of International Trade and TransportationUnit 2 Documentation in International Freight Forwarding2.1 Bill of Lading and Its Types2.2 Air Waybill2.3 Consignment Note2.4 Packing List2.5 Certificate of OriginUnit 3 Transportation Modes in International Freight Forwarding 3.1 Sea Freight Transportation3.2 Air Freight Transportation3.3 Road Freight Transportation3.4 Rail Freight Transportation3.5 Multimodal TransportationUnit 4 Customs Clearance in International Freight Forwarding 4.1 Customs Regulations and Procedures4.2 Import and Export Declarations4.3 Tariffs and Duties4.4 Customs Duty Calculation4.5 Customs Exemptions and Special ProgramsUnit 5 Logistics Management in International Freight Forwarding 5.1 Supply Chain Management5.2 Inventory Management5.3 Warehousing and Distribution5.4 Risk Management in Logistics5.5 Emerging Trends in LogisticsUnit 6 International Trade Terms and Incoterms6.1 International Trade Terms and Definitions6.2 Incoterms - International Commercial Terms6.3 Incoterms 2020 Updates and Changes6.4 Role of Incoterms in International Freight Forwarding6.5 Case Studies of Incoterms UsageUnit 7 International Finance and Payment in Freight Forwarding 7.1 Trade Financing Methods7.2 Letters of Credit7.3 Documentary Collections7.4 Documentary Credits and UCP 6007.5 Payment Methods and Risk MitigationUnit 8 Insurance and Claims in International Freight Forwarding 8.1 Marine Insurance and Coverage8.2 Cargo Insurance Policies and Terms8.3 Claims Handling and Procedures8.4 Claims Settlement and Compensation8.5 Dispute Resolution MechanismsUnit 9 Quality Management in International Freight Forwarding 9.1 Quality Assurance and Quality Control9.2 ISO 9001 Certification9.3 Process Improvement in Freight Forwarding9.4 Key Performance Indicators for Freight Forwarding9.5 Customer Satisfaction and FeedbackUnit 10 Emerging Technologies in International Freight Forwarding10.1 Digitalization and Automation in Logistics10.2 Internet of Things (IoT) in Freight Forwarding10.3 Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain10.4 Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Logistics10.5 Future Perspectives and Challenges in Freight Forwarding。
国际货代英语完整讲义 Unit 12 Customs and Port Procedures
国际货运代理专业英语 Unit 12 Customs and Port Procedures一、课文序言介绍1-1 课文：Customs clearance in the import-export trade is one of the traditional functions of a freight forwarder. A freight forwarder should have a working knowledge of procedures prevalent in ports in order to provide an efficient service to clients.注释：customs clearance: 结关，清关，通关import-export trade: 进出口贸易traditional: 传统的，惯例的 function: 功能，作用，职责 working knowledge: 能够实际应用的 procedure: 程序，手续 prevalent: 普遍的，流行的 efficient: 有效率的，生效的 client: 客户课文意思：在进出口贸易中，清关是货运代理的一项传统职能。
货运代理应了解各港口常见的手续以便为客户提供高效的服务。
1-2 课文：The basic customs laws or regulations applicable to the arrival and departure of ships and to goods imported or exported are more or less the same in most countries although they may differ in procedural and documentary details.注释：customs laws: 海关法规 regulation: 规则，规章 applicable: 适用的arrival: 到港 departure: 离港 more or less: 或多或少 differ: 不同，不一致procedural and documentary details: 程序和文件的细节课文意思：尽管各国在程序和文件的细节上可能会有不同，但在许多国家，对于船舶的到港和离港适用的基本的海关法规或多或少总有相同之处。
国际货运代理英语
国际货运代理英语
1.Bill of Lading（提单）：一种用于证明海上运输货物收讫的单据，通常由承运人签发。
2.Container（集装箱）：一种用于装载货物的封闭箱体，可以重复使用，方便装卸和运输。
3.Freight Forwarder（货运代理）：提供货物运输服务的人或公司，负责安排货物的运输、
装卸、报关等事宜。
4.Customs Clearance（报关）：向海关申报货物的价值、数量、种类等信息，并支付相应
的关税和增值税等费用。
5.Inspection（检验）：对货物进行质量、数量、规格等方面的检查，确保货物符合要求。
6.Insurance（保险）：为货物运输过程中可能出现的损失提供保障。
7.Quarantine（检疫）：对进口或出口的动植物进行疾病、疫情等方面的检查，确保符合
相关法规要求。
8.Manifest（舱单）：列出货物的详细清单，包括货物品名、数量、重量、体积等信息。
9.Port of Destination（目的港）：货物运输的目的地港口。
10.Shipping Documents（运输单据）：用于证明货物运输的单据，如提单、装箱单等。
国际货代英语 (2)[8页]
![国际货代英语 (2)[8页]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/bbf930bb9b6648d7c0c7460d.png)
(A= Sales Agent B=Passenger)
A:Hello! This is Air France Booking Office.Can I help you?
B:Hello, Ms.I'd like to make a reservation on your flight to Pairs.Leaving Beijing next Friday, February the 16th.
Introduction of Transportation Transportation network is an important tie binding our economy together. It touches each one of us every day in all aspects of our lives. Transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. Road transportation, waterway transportation, air transportation,railway transportation and pipeline transportation make up the majoern society. • Road Transportation Road transport is widely used in inland delivery of goods. It is capable of providing a door-to-door service without any break in the journey to change from one vehicle to another. So it can be flexible enough to perform “just-in-time” delivery.
国际货运代理专业英语读书笔记英语版
国际货运代理专业英语读书笔记英语版篇一：Title: International货运代理: A Practical Course in English读书笔记Introduction:International trade and logistics have become increasingly important in today"s globalized world. International货运代理(International Logistics Service Provider) is a company that provides logistics services to international clients, including transportation, storage, and distribution. As a result, many companies have turned to international 货运代理 services to ensure efficient and effective transportation of goods.This book aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of international货运代理 and its various functions, including market analysis, product development, route planning, and customs declaration. It also covers the latest trends and developments in the industry, as well as the challenges and opportunities that arise when working with international clients.Content:1. Introduction to International Logistics- Definition of logistics- Importance of logistics in international trade- Overview of international货运代理2. Functions of International货运代理- Market analysis- Product development- route planning- customs declaration-运输保险- Storage and Distribution3. Current Trends and Developments in International货运代理 - Globalization and digitization- e-commerce and online trade- Automation and technology- New regulations and policies4. Challenges and Opportunities in International货运代理- Global trade tensions- 高昂的运输成本和费用- New technologies and innovation- 如何应对国际贸易中的挑战5. Conclusion- Importance of international货运代理 in international trade - Conclusion of the book- Future展望Conclusion:This book provides a comprehensive understanding of international 货运代理 and its various functions. It covers the latest trends and developments in the industry, as well as the challenges and opportunities that arise when working with international clients. It is a must-read for anyone interested in international logistics and international trade. The book also includes practical examples and case studies, which help readers to understand the real-world scenarios and experiences of international 货运代理 companies. With this book, readers can gain a practical and comprehensive understanding of international货运代理 and its various functions, and can start working in the industry with confidence.。
国际货运代理英语(货代英语)forwarderEnglish1to21
Forwarding English (Freight
Forwarding
目录
• Overview of Freight Forwarding Industry • Basic knowledge of freight forwarding English • Import and export business processes and
Oral expression and communication skills
01
Ability to communicate effectively in English with suppliers, customs offices, freight forwarders, and other relevant parties involved in the international freight forwarding process
• International market: The global freight forwarding market is highly concentrated with a few large international players dominating the market These players have extended global networks and advanced technology platforms, enabling them to provide comprehensive services to their clients Additionally, there is a growing trend of collaboration and consolidation among freight forwarders to enhance their competitiveness and meet the changing demands of the market
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4) Pls work closely with vendors to ensure collection of documents as soon as vessels depart. 5) Please keep us advised should there be any problems with customs clearance.
Inventory control feeder vessel Debit note prepaid shipment ATL ocean freight
1)COSCO Airfreight Forwarding Co.,Ltd has a worldwode agency network. 2) I need both ocean and air rates from major Chinese ports to Miami, FL,USA. Pls quote ASAP. 3) Plan to ship LCL via APL direct vessel sailing SHA on 7/22 ETA LGB 8/7
Kenya Shipping
Our main clients are buyers of toys and electronic products which are exported from China to Europe, US west coast and Middle East.
JET International Transportation Co.Ltd
QUIZ
Translate to Chinese： FCL FOB L/C Shipping order war surcharges Transshipment consolidation Consignee CFS Commodity inspection NVOCC HAWB Volume weight pre-alert
State-owned JET prides itself as… Lauch full line of… Securing the most export space during the peak season with block-space and pallets.
Fast Freight Forwarding Ltd.
m-up
How is your English level? What is your weak points in English? How do your think you can improve your English? What is logistics in your opinion?
Unit one Introduction to Logistics companies
Creat your own company, and think about the questions below: How to introduce your company?
What are the advantages?
Active in… Expertise in… 3F has been accredited IATA agent… A full range of services is being offered…
Translink Logistics(China) Ltd.
Neutral 3PL
One-stop-shop
The rules for inquiry 1,In the first inquiry, begin with the sentence by introducing 2,use a separate paragraph. 3,brief, specfic and to the point 4, avoid using long, big, stale words
The rules for quotations: Prompt, polite, helpful Thanks for inquiry Give the information fully Express the hope of a lasting friendly business
Sea FCL Inquiry& Quotation Hereunder Implement As per For your reference General cargo
Unit 2 Inquiries and Quotations
Sea FCL Inquiry& Quotation Attn. All-in rate The rate to beat on a 40 feetcontainer is $3500 ALL-IN.
Sea FCL Quotation Cc. Forward Collect basis Formula or 80% out of 40’s and 1.125 times 40’s will be applied respectively for 20’ and HQ containers.