现代农林英语课后翻译+全文排版
现代农林英语英汉对照
现代农林英语课文英汉对照硕水保163班2016年12月29日contentsUnit 1 Urban Agriculture (I)Unit 2 Forestry Management (III)Unit 3 Biodiversity (VI)Unit 4 Wetlands ............................................................................... V III Unit 5 Agricultural High Technology . (XI)Unit 6 Low-Carbon Agriculture ........................................................ X IV Unit 7 Urban Planning .................................................................... X VI Unit 9 Landscape Gardens .. (XX)Unit 10 Ecological Literature (XXII)现代农林英语英汉对照Unit 1 Urban AgricultureCurrent Situation and IssuesThe United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization (F AO) has warned that the 12 megacities (+10 million population) will experience increasing difficulty in feeding themselves. London’s ‘ecological footprint’ is estimated to extend to 125 times the capital’s surface area with food accounting for around 40% of this. London’s residents, visitors and workers consume 2.4 million tons of food and produce 883,000 tons of organic waste per year. The food industry makes a significant contribution to London’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) with around 11% of all jobs found in the food sector.联合国粮食及农业组织警告说12个拥有千万人口的超大城市将要在养活自己上遭遇越来越多的困难。
农林英语翻译
现代农林英语课后翻译Unit 1 Urban AgricultureUrban forestry involves (refers to / is concerned with) forestry activities introduced from wildness and countryside to populous cities where economy, culture, industry and business (commerce) are aggregated (clustered). Most metropolitan cities are currently prosperous but noisy (clamorous) with deteriorating ecological environment. People living in such a crowded and narrow space suffer from a worsening physical quality. To develop urban forestry can beautify living places, purify air, reduce noise and adjust local climate (microclimate), so that the living quality of urban people can be improved. Generally, urban forestry has provided a new approach to the urban environmental problems.城市林业是把林业由野外、农村引进人口稠密的经济文化与工商业集中的城市的林业活动。
目前大多数城市繁华、喧闹、生态环境恶化，生活在拥挤狭小的城市空间里的人们身体素质下降。
农业经济学英汉互译
农业经济学英汉互译农业Agriculture外向型农业Agriculture for export休闲农业Leisure Agriculture假日农业Holiday agriculture都市农业Agriculture in City Countryside绿色农业Green agriculture生态农业Ecological agriculture有机农业Organic agriculture立体农业Stereo farming产权(property right)农户家庭承包经营household responsibility system,HRS农业合作经济：(agricultural cooperative economy)农业现代化Agriculture Modernization人力资本（human capital“道德风险”（moral hazard）“逆向选择”（adverse selection）蛙跳”（leap frogging）农产品需求曲线The Demand Curve吉芬农产品giffen goods②炫耀性农产品conspicuous goods吉芬之迷（Giffen Paradox）：炫耀性消费理论conspicuous consumption替代品Substitutes互补品Complements需求价格完全无弹性perfect inelastic需求价格单一弹性unitary elastic需求价格富有弹性elastic需求价格缺乏弹性inelastic农产品需求收入弹性The Income Elasticity of Demand农产品需求交叉价格弹性The Cross-Elasticity of Demand农产品供给曲线The Supply Curve农产品的供给弹性The Price Elasticity of Supply农产品的供求均衡Equilibrium of Supply and Demand蛛网模型Cobweb Model农产地区差价Regional Price Difference of Agricultural Product农产品差价Price Difference of Agricultural Product季节差价Seasonal Price Difference of Agricultural Product质量差价Quality Price Difference of Agricultural Product购销差价Price Difference of Agricultural Product Between Purchase and Sale批零差价Price Difference of Agricultural Product Between Wholesale and Retail农产品比价Parity Rate of Agricultural Products农产品比价Parity Rate of Agricultural Products工农产品比价price parities between industrial and agricultural products剪刀差scissors difference消费consumption消费市场consumption market农民的消费结构farmer’s consumption structure恩格尔定律(Engel’s Law)农业产业结构Structure of agricultural production农业产业化经营Agricultural integrated mangement考试题型一、名词解释(每小题4 分，共20分)二、多项选择题(每小题2 分，共20分)三、辨析题(每小题5 分，共10分)四、专业词汇英汉互译(每小题2 分，共10分)五、画图解释题(10分)六、论述题(每小题15分，共30分)需求完全有弹性或弹性无限perfect elastic。
(完整word版)现代农林英语翻译
B社区的物质框架结构被称为它的基础设施。这些在城市里发挥作用的庞然大物可以被分为绿色和灰色两种。绿色结构是为乔木、灌木、草地所覆盖的区域，而灰色结构指建筑、道路、公用事业设备、停车场的所在。绿色结构是渗水的，土壤让水渗进去，自然地过滤掉污染物，然后水进入河流。灰色结构却不能穿透，它迫使水走向地面，入河之前一定要经过处理和清洁。
现代农林英语课后翻译
Unit 1 Urban Agriculture
Urban forestry involves (refers to / is concerned with) forestry activities introduced from wildness and countryside to populous cities where economy, culture, industry and business (commerce) are aggregated (clustered). Most metropolitan cities are currently prosperous but noisy (clamorous) with deteriorating ecological environment. People living in such a crowded and narrow space suffer from a worsening physical quality. To develop urban forestry can beautify living places, purify air, reduce noise and adjust local climate (microclimate), so that the living quality of urban people can be improved. Generally, urban forestry has provided a new approach to the urban environmental problems.
2020新译林版高中英语选修一Unit2课文原文及翻译
Unit 2Working the landReadingPrecision farming hits its target 精准农业正中靶心When we think of farming, the first image that springs to mind might be of a farmer working in a field under the baking sun. Face covered in sweat, he might be walking through the field, carefully checking his crops before deciding what needs to be done. In modern times, however, this deep-rooted image of a traditional farmer is being changed. The collaboration between farming and technology has given rise to precision farming, an approach that equips farmers with the tools and data they need to make reliable decisions with remarkable accuracy. This evolution is having a positive impact on farming, while also providing better solutions to the world's pressing food problems.当我们想到农业时，脑海中浮现的第一个画面可能就是烈日下一个农民在田地里干活。
他满脸大汗，可能正在田间走动，仔细检查他的作物，然后决定需要做什么。
最新Unit-10-Agriculture新编大学英语第二版第一册课文翻译
Unit 10 AgricultureFarming for the Future[1] Every year, more people face poverty and hunger and more of the earth's resources are ruined. The problems are enormous, but many experts believe that the situation is not hopeless. The solution will require big changes in how we think about agriculture, food, and our planet.[2] First of all, farmers everywhere need to develop methods that are less destructive to the environment. The change from single crop farming to a mixed crop system would be one important step. The planting of several different crops improves the soil and helps prevent erosion. Erosion could also be prevented by planting trees to protect the fields from the wind. Another way farmers could improve the soil is to avoid deep plowing. In fact, only a slight plowing is necessary if proper methods are used.[3] If the soil were treated better, farmers would not need to use chemical fertilizers. They could use natural animal and vegetable products instead. With mixed crops, farmers would need fewer toxic chemical insecticides. They could use biological methods of controlling insects and disease.[4] Farmers could also help save the earth's precious supplies of water and petroleum. To save water, they could plant more water-efficient plants instead of the standard types of wheat or corn. They could also use watering systems that are much less wasteful. To save petroleum, farmers could make use of bio-gas generators which could be fueled by the vegetable and animal wastes of the farms. In less-developed countries, bio-gas generators could reduce the need for firewood and so help save forests, as well.[5] In less-developed countries, the small farmers need help. They need to learn more about crops that are better suited to local conditions. They need to learn how to limit erosion and make the best use of their resources. These farmers will never be successful without land and economic reform. This should be the aim of governments and international agencies. The current industrial and cash crop policies are only making the situation worse.[6] Industrialized countries could use their economic resources to help bring about these changes. They could make some changes in their own policies. At present, much food is wasted in these countries for political reasons. In Europe and in North America, tons of fruit and dairy products are thrown away every year. Eating habits, too, could be changed in these countries. For example, people often eat foods from distant places instead of local foods. The transportation of the imported foods adds to the global pollution problem. People in industrialized countries also eat a lot of meat, especially beef.In fact, a large percentage of the grain grown in these countries is used for feeding cattle. If people in these countries ate less meat, there would be more grain to feed the hungry people of the world.[7] The ideal agricultural system would be sustainable; that is, its level of productivity could be continued indefinitely and the damage to the environment much less. This is a war which must be won because it would have only winners for both farmers and consumers of farm products.未来农耕1 现在面临贫困和饥饿的人一年比一年多，地球资源遭到的破坏也一年比一年严重。
农林Unit 7& 9 Key to translation exercises
• Translation(C-E) • The enactment of the 1989 City Planning Act is a major milestone that tries to re-establish and formalize the urban planning system in China. But, there are still many deficiencies of the urban planning system in dealing with the rapidly changing socio-economic environment. Some of these deficiencies can be traced to the legacies of past planning practice and some are deficiencies of the City Planning Act. Experiments are taking place in Chinese cities which aim to provide better guidance to urban planning and development control from a planned to transitanslation（C-E） • Famed for Oriental Venice, Suzhou tops all others cities in both the number and the artistry of gardens. Tracing back to the Spring and Autumn period, the earliest gardens in Suzhou belongs to the King of Wu. Recorded as the earliest private garden, Pijiang house dates from the 4th century Eastern Jin Dynasties. Following that, Suzhou's art of gardening has undergone a history of 1, 500 years. Originated from the desire to feel the charm of mountains, forest and springs without going out of the noisy surrounding of the town, Suzhou gardens are the harmonious combination of nature and constructions. During the prosperous Ming and Qing Dynasties, the number of gardens in the city increases a great deal, mounting to 200 odd. Dozens of them have survived to the present and are in a good state of preservation. Among them, the most famous ones are the Surging Waves Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the Humble Administrator Garden and the Lingering Garden, representing the different styles of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties respectively.
现代农林英语课后翻译(完整版+全文排版)电子教案
现代农林英语课后翻译（完整版+全文排版）的A.汉译英城市林业是把林业由野外、农村引进人口稠密的经济文化与工商业集中的城市的林业活动。
目前大多数城市繁华、喧闹、生态环境恶化，生活在拥挤狭小的城市空间里的人们身体素质下降。
发展城市林业可以美化环境、净化空气、减少噪音和调节小气候，改善城市人的生活质量。
城市林业为解决城市的环境问题提供了一种新的途径。
Urban forestry involves (refers to / is concerned with) forestry activities introduced from wildness and countryside to populous cities where economy, culture, industry and business (commerce) are aggregated (clustered). Most metropolitan cities are currently prosperous but noisy (clamorous) with deteriorating ecological environment. People living in such a crowded and narrow space suffer from a worsening physical quality. To develop urban forestry can beautify living places, purify air, reduce noise and adjust local climate (microclimate), so that the living quality of urban people can be improved. Generally, urban forestry has provided a new approach to the urban environmental problems.B.英译汉B. 社区的物质框架结构被称为它的基础设施。
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现代农林英语课后翻译（完整版+全文排版）的A.汉译英城市林业是把林业由野外、农村引进人口稠密的经济文化与工商业集中的城市的林业活动。
目前大多数城市繁华、喧闹、生态环境恶化，生活在拥挤狭小的城市空间里的人们身体素质下降。
发展城市林业可以美化环境、净化空气、减少噪音和调节小气候，改善城市人的生活质量。
城市林业为解决城市的环境问题提供了一种新的途径。
Urban forestry involves (refers to / is concerned with) forestry activities introduced from wildness and countryside to populous cities where economy, culture, industry and business (commerce) are aggregated (clustered). Most metropolitan cities are currently prosperous but noisy (clamorous) with deteriorating ecological environment. People living in such a crowded and narrow space suffer from a worsening physical quality. To develop urban forestry can beautify living places, purify air, reduce noise and adjust local climate (microclimate), so that the living quality of urban people can be improved. Generally, urban forestry has provided a new approach to the urban environmental problems.B.英译汉B. 社区的物质框架结构被称为它的基础设施。
这些在城市里发挥作用的庞然大物可以被分为绿色和灰色两种。
绿色结构是为乔木、灌木、草地所覆盖的区域，而灰色结构指建筑、道路、公用事业设备、停车场的所在。
绿色结构是渗水的，土壤让水渗进去，自然地过滤掉污染物，然后水进入河流。
灰色结构却不能穿透，它迫使水走向地面，入河之前一定要经过处理和清洁。
作为城市绿色结构的树木，它们的作用和灰色结构不同，但尚无充分文字记载。
由于树木没有量化的价值指标，因此没有把它们考虑进预算程序之中。
城市绿色结构的大小、形态、方位可以被度量，它们在公用事业中发挥的作用可以进行准确计算。
尽管灰绿结构对一个城市都很重要，但利用土地尽力营造绿色结构的社区就能避免更多污染物，使运营成本效力更高，因此更宜居住。
不过对于地方政府管理者来说，平衡灰色和绿色结构就成为一个很严重的挑战。
的A.汉译英随着人类社会的经济发展与文明进步，人们对森林的认识有了重大转变，社会对林业的需求也发生了很大的变化，森林维护与改善生态环境的功能在世界范围内得到了广泛的重视和关注。
1992年联合国召开的环境与发展大会上以赋予林业以首要地位为最高级别的政治承诺，并特别强调在世界最高级会议要解决的问题中，没有任何问题比林业更重要了，将林业问题提到前所未有的高度，这是世界文明发展史上的一个重要的里程碑。
With the development of both economy and civilization in human society, people have greatly improved their knowledge and understanding about forests. They therefore have also dramatically changed their socialdemands for forestry. As a result, more world attention has been widely paid to the function that forests play to maintain and improve environment. In 1992, UN Conference on Environment and Development bestowed priority on forestry and it became a political promise of the highest rank. In addition, it was particularly emphasized in the meeting that nothing has been more important than forestry among the problems that the world summit conferences will deal with. It is a distinct milestone in world civilization history to place forestry issues at such a high position.B.英译汉有关全球热带森林遭到乱砍滥伐、令人痛心的报道层出不穷，但是痛陈现存林木状况的报道却少之又少。
事实上，联合国分支机构——国际热带木材组织（ITTO ）新近开展的一项研究，首次对热带森林管理现状进行深入调查。
其发现虽然令人沮丧，但从中我们还是看到了一线希望。
ITTO 调查的对象是“永久性森林地产”，也就是被ITTO 所属33 个成员国政府正式划作森林地域，从而受到某种形式的管理或保护的土地。
它涉及国家森林公园和木材的特许经营，包括国营和私营。
地产总面积达8.14 亿公顷，约占全球热带森林面积的三分之二。
此项研究报告的作者之一邓肯· 玻尔解释说，这一概念意义重大，因为我们不可能，也不值得对每一片濒临消失的小树林都一直进行保护以避免其被农田或住宅侵占。
相反，政府应当集中精力养护好那些最具有商业和科学价值的森林。
可是ITTO 的研究人员却发现，在“永久性森林地产”中，仅15% 有着相应的管理方案，而能坚持贯彻执行这一方案的不到5%。
报告中提到，自1988 年以来，森林管理取得了显着的进展，因为这不足5% 的面积总共仍相当于一个德国的大小。
当年一项粗略的早期调查发现，热带地区国家中只有特立尼达和多巴哥对森林管理较为完善。
但是，相对于同期已然消亡的森林而言，这片管理得当的森林显得无足轻重。
的A.汉译英中国是世界上生物多样性最为丰富的国家之一，也是最早加入《生物多样性公约》的国家。
中国政府高度重视生物多样性保护工作，制定并实施了一系列与生物多样性保护有关的法律法规，基本形成了保护生物多样性的法律体系；建立完善了《生物多样性公约》履约协调机制和生物物种资源保护部际联席会议制度；制定发布了《中国生物多样性保护行动计划》和各种与生物多样性保护有关的规划；各有关部门还以此为依据，制定和实施了各相应领域的专项保护计划。
China is one of the countries boasting the richest biodiversity and also one of the earliest adopting the Convention on Biological Diversity. The Chinese Government has highly valued the work of biodiversity conservationby formulating and enforcing a series of related laws and regulations, so that a legal system on the conservation and biodiversity has fundamentally formed. In addition, it has established and consolidated the coordination mechanism on the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversityas well as the scheme of Inter-ministerial Joint Meeting on biological species resources, laid down and issued the National Action Plan on theConservation of Biodiversity of China and other related plans in this regard, based on which various relevant sectors have mapped out and executed their own action plans.B.英译汉在今年举办生物多样性国际日纪念活动，适逢今年是2011 国际森林年。
联合国大会宣布今年为2011 国际森林年，是为了让全球社会了解森林的价值以及失去森林将产生的极端社会、经济和环境成本。
森林的益处久远绵长。
森林聚水蓄水，稳定土壤，涵养多种生物，并对调节气候以及造成气候变化的温室气体做出重要贡献。
森林为国际生意创造利润，为全世界数以亿计最贫穷的人民提供必不可少的收入和资源。
我们取之于森林者可谓多矣。
然而，尽管我们对这一点的理解和重视日益增加，森林仍然在以惊人的速度消失。
今年的生物多样性国际日则专门强调采取紧急行动的必要性。
的A.汉译英中国有很多湿地，并且其中很多还是世界上非常重要的湿地资源，中国的黄海湿地就是其中之一。
它位于江苏盐城，是很多种鸟类和动物的家园。
其中有世界最大的麋鹿保护区，超过700只麋鹿自由地生活在那里。
世界上仅存很少的丹顶鹤，是每年冬天你在黄海湿地的丹顶鹤自然保护区都能看见它们的一些身影。
湿地的温度不是太高也不是太低，并且雨量充足，日照充裕，的确是野生动物的天堂。
There are many wetlands in China and some of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, JiangsuProvince. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The world’s largest milu deer nature reserve is located in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world, but every winter you can see some in the Red-Crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. They are really good places for wildlife.B.英译汉湿地并非荒芜之地湿地曾被当作荒芜之地。