高考英语试题分类解析 介词和介词短语
(完整版)高考介词讲解和习题集(答案解析)介词
介词1. 介词的分类1) 简单介词如：at，between，in，to等2) 合成介词如：into，upon，without等3) 介词短语如because of，in front of等①数词或从句 e.g. Who’s knocking at the door?（名词）②介词短语的用法A.作状语 e.g. I arrived at the concert hall in time（时间状语）.B.作定语 e.g. Here is a cheque for $30（定语）.C.作表语 e.g. The museum is just across the street（表语）.D.作宾语补足语 e.g. We must keep the classroom in good order（补语：表明教室的状态）.2. 常用介词用法辨析1) 表示时间的介词①表示年、月、日、时刻等用at，in，onA．at用于表示时刻、时刻的某一点 e.g. at eleven o’clock \ at noon \ at presentB．on用于表示某日，某天的上午、下午、晚上 e.g. on Saturday \ On March 8thC．in用于表示一段时间或季节 e.g. in December \ in spring②before，afterA. before:在….之前 e.g. Come and see me tomorrow at any time before eleven a.m.B. after:在….之后 e.g. Spring comes after winter.③by，until，tillA. by: 在….之前，不迟于 e.g. By the time I arrived, she had already gone.B. Until，till: 直到….为止 e.g. The radio worked all night till last night.④for，during，through，betweenA. for: 达….之久（表示过了多少时间）e.g. My Johnson stayed in China for 2 weeks.B. during: 在…时期当中 e.g. He woke many times during the night.C. through: 在整整一段时间内 e.g. She sat there, alone, all through that day.D. between: 在（两个时间）之间，突出时间的起点和终点，相当于from….toe.g. He kept on working between seven and twelve last night.⑤from，sinceA. from: 从….起 e.g. From sunrise to sunset he waited.B. since: 自从….以来 e.g. Since my last letter I have heard from him twice.⑥in，withinA. in: 过….后（未来时间） e.g. I heard that she would be back in a month.B. within: 以内，不超过 e.g. He will arrive within an hour.2) 表示场所、方向的介词①at，in，on，above，over，under，below，near，by，between，among，around，round，about，in front of，behinde.g. There are many trees around the lake.【注】表示“某地在….里”时要用in（包含关系）；表示“某地在另外一地某方向”时要用on或to；如果两地有空间距离（不接壤）时，必须用to②in，into，out of，along，down，across，through，to，towards，for，from，over，by，paste.g. You must put the dirty paper in the basket.3) 表示原因的介词①because of，for e.g. Because of her illness my grandma stayedin bed for a week.②某些其他介词也可用来表示原因，如at，from，with，of e.g. The old man died of cancer.4) 其他介词的用法①:with，in，byA．with：和…在一起，带有、具有，用某种工具或方法 e.g. He is playing with his children.B．in：以…形式，以…方式；用…语言；表示衣着、声调特点e.g. She keeps a diary in English.C．by：被… e.g. Around the city were mountains covered by snow.②表示“由….制成”的介词:of，fromA. of：表示成品看得出原材料 e.g. The table is made of wood.B. from：表示成品看不出原材料 e.g. This kind of paper is made from wood.③表示其他的介词:without，like，as，against等A. without：没有 e.g. He rushed to the office without having his breakfast.B. like：像，如，跟…一样 e.g. What’s he like?C. as：作为 e.g. He is famous as a scientist here.D. against：靠着，反对 e.g. Don’t stand against the door.3. 常见的介词短语1) 动词+介词look after，prepare for，agree with，listen to，wait for2) Be+形容词+介词be proud of，be different from，be famous for，be pleased with，be kind to，be good at，be late for，be afraid of3) 名词+介词 key to，reason for，difficulty in，progress in，way of4) 固定介词搭配at the moment，by chance，by turns，for ever，in fact，on business中考题库4 介词选择题1.(2010．河北中考) Sally is very happy. There is a big smile her face.A. onB. toC. inD. a2.（2010．娄底中考）—It’s very important us to make a plan before a new term.—Yes. You must try to make it carefully.A. ofB. forC. to3.(2010·盐城中考)It’s very kind _______you. Thank you for your helpA. ofB. forC. toD. on4.(2010.·内江中考)All of us went to the park______ Bob. He had to look after his sister.A. besidesB. withC. except5.（2010 ·自贡中考）—We’ll have a hiking trip, but when shall we meet?--Let’s make it _________half past eight _______the morning of June 21.A. at; inB./;onC./;in6. (2010·潍坊中考) The little elephant is afraid to go alone. He always walks _______his mother.A. besideB. behindC. belowD. under7.（2010·南京中考）Marie Curie, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, was born _______November,1867,in the city of Warsaw in Poland.A. atB. onC. inD. to8. (2010·上海中考)The famous actor often plays ________his children in the park.A. aboutB. inC. atD. with9.（2010·晋江中考）– Peter, can you tell me the differences __________ the four words?--Sorry, I don’t know.A. betweenB. amongC. for10.（2010·成都中考）—Frank, when will the short meeting begin?--You should come _______2:30 .If you come 10 minutes ________that time ,the meeting will be over.A. at; beforeB. at; afterC. after; before11. (2009·北京中考) Einstein, the famous scientist, was born ______ March, 1879.A. atB. onC. inD. to12. (2009·河南中考) -When is Henry’s birthday party, Lynn?-The 18th, about thre e o’clock in the afternoon.A. inB. atC. onD. to13. (2009·连云港中考) -What’s the TV news______?-The Chinese Team won five gold medals at World Table Tennis Championships.A. atB. acrossC. aboveD. about14. (2009·山东中考) Lin Lin often practices English ______ chatting with her American friend.A. inB. byC. forD. with15. (2009·龙岩中考) - Where is Taiwan, do you know?-Why? It’s ______the southeast of China.A. inB. onC. to16. (2009·淄博中考) Tom told me his parents had arrived Beijing.A. atB. onC. inD. to17. (2009·宁夏中考) -When will the party be held?-________ two weeks’ time, ________ 15th July.A. In; onB. In; inC. On; onD. At; on18. (2009·黔东南中考) Taiwan is a beautiful island and it’s _________ the east of Fujian.A. inB. onC. to19. (2009·泰安中考) -Xiao Shenyang is so popular us.-Yeah, he is one of my favorite pop stars.A. forB. toC. withD. on20. (2009·东营中考) Here are some flowers ________ you ________ our best wishes.A. to; forB. for; withC. of; toD. from; to21. (2009·重庆中考) I got an e-mail this morning. It was _______ my foreign friend, Tony.A. inB. onC. atD. from22. (2009·成都中考) –Can you see some people are waiting _______ the library?-Yes. They are standing in a queue in front of its gate.A. aroundB. insideC. outside23. (2009·哈尔滨中考) You can find a way to reach your goals when you are proud _______ yourself and stand tall like a sunflower.A. onB. fromC. of24. (2009·南充中考) –What did you study _______ university?-I didn’t go _______ university.A. at; toB. for; intoC. for; in25. (2009·绍兴中考) Linda’s teacher was so mad ________ her because she made l ots of mistakes in the test.A. atB. inC. onD. about26. (2009·施恩中考) There is going to be a wonderful party ________ the evening of October 1st,2009.A. inB. onC. atD. for27. (2009·河北中考) Let’s play table tennis ______ Tuesday morning, shall we?A. onB. inC. toD. at28. (2009·济宁中考) We have been doing much better in English ________ our teacher’s help.A. inB. toC. forD. with29. (2009·深圳中考) -Which would you like, tea or coffee?-Either _________ OK, but I prefer coffee _________ milk.A. is, hasB. are, withC. is, withD. are, has30. (2009·安徽中考) –Why are you standing there, Maggie?-I can’t see th e blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting ______ me.A. behindB. in the front ofC. besideD. next to31. (2009·漳州中考) The young men walked ______ the forest and came to a big river at last.A. onB. overC. throughD. across32. (2008·山西中考) ________ a teacher, John thinks that his main duty is to help the students to become better learners.A. AsB. ByC. About33. (2008·临沂中考) -What time will you be home?-I don’t know. It depends ________ the traffic.A. ofB. onC. forD. from34. (2008·连云港中考) –Is the tie made ________ silk?-Yes. It’s made ________ Italy.A. from, inB. of, inC. from, ofD. of, from35. (2008·巴中中考) -Thank you very much ________ helping me.-Not at all.A. forB. ofC. to36. (2008·莆田中考) He often borrows things ________ others, but he doesn’t lend anything ________ anybody.A. to, fromB. from, toC. from, for37. (2008·咸宁中考) -All the clerks went home ________ Mr. Wang. Why?-Because he had to finish his work.A. exceptB. besidesC. withoutD. beside38. (2008·茂名中考) The fastest way to travel to Shanghai is _______ air .A. inB. byC. on39. (2008·安徽中考) –What do you often do _________ classes to relax yourself?-Listen to music.A. overB. amongC. betweenD. through40. (2008·南通中考) Our English teacher was standing ________ us so that she could hear us all clearly.A. away fromB. far behindC. betweenD. among.41. (2008·徐州中考) You can improve your English ________ reading more.A. inB. withC. byD. of42. (2008·海南中考) Hainan celebrated ( 庆祝) her twentieth birthday _______ April 26, 2008.A. inB. atC. on43. (2008·北京中考) Peter usually gets up early _________ the morning.A. onB. inC. atD. of44. (2008·泸州中考) The little boys go to school ________ Monday to Saturday.A. onB. fromC. to45. (2008·河北中考) You must ride your bike ________ the right side of the road.A. atB. onC. inD. for46. (2008·成都中考) When the school building began to shake, the teachers ran downstairs _________ all the students. The teachers are real heroes.A. afterB. withC. sinceD. for47. (2008·芜湖中考) The policeman helped the old woman _________ the road.A. aboveB. acrossC. throughD. over48. (2008·芜湖中考) The way we learn English is quite different ________ that we learn maths.A. fromB. offC. betweenD. with49. (2007·乐山中考) Many teachers believe that children learn_________ life, not just from their textbooks.A. of B from C. for D. with50. (2007·重庆中考) Many sportsmen are getting ready ______ the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.A. toB. withC. forD. on51. (2007·杭州中考) Oh, it’s you, Ella! Your voice sounds very different ________ the phone. What’s happening?A. fromB. inC. ofD. on52. (2007·连云港中考) It is important _______ us students to make a plan ________ our studies before a new term starts.A. for, forB. of, forC. to, ofD. with, on1-5 ABACB 6-10ACDBB11．【解析】选C。
高三英语介词介词短语试题答案及解析
高三英语介词介词短语试题答案及解析1. The dog was approaching ________the garden when she ran out.A．to B．towards C．for D．/【答案】D【解析】答案D[句意：当她跑出来时，那只狗正向花园靠近。
approach为及物动词，其后直接接宾语。
]2. (2012·常州高二检测) _______ the rapid growth of short messages sent by mobile phones, the increasing number of criminal cases appeared through short messages.A．For B．ByC．As D．With【答案】D【解析】D 本题考查with的复合结构。
句意：随着通过手机发送的短信与日俱增，通过短信产生的犯罪案件也在增加。
此处为with结构作伴随状语。
故选D。
3. This urban special school always accepts hearing-impaired students, ________ their educational level and background.A．according to B．regardless ofC．in addition to D．in terms of【答案】B【解析】B 句义：这所特殊的学校总是接受听力受损的学生，不管他们的教育水平和背景如何。
Regardless of不管，不顾；according to依据，根据；in addition to除…之外；in terms of就…而言。
4.—Mike, are you familiar ________ this new type of car? Just give me some advice.—Oh, I'm sorry. It is really a new one.A．to B．inC．with D．on【答案】C【解析】C 考察介词辨析。
2014年高考英语试题分类解析介词与介词短语
介词与介词短语(2014安徽卷)31．What we expect from you is working hard______ hardly working.A. less thanB. rather thanC. as well asD. as much as【答案】B【解析】介词短语辨析。
句意：我们期待你的是努力工作而不是几乎不工作。
less than意为“少于……”；rather than意为“而不是……”；as well as…意为“也；和……一样”；as m uch as…意为“多达……”。
根据句意可知B正确。
(2014北京卷)23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ______ half an hour.A. byB. inC. forD. until【答案】B【解析】考查介词。
句意：Jane很匆忙，因为去机场的火车半小时后就要离站了。
In表示“一段时间以后”，它引导的时间状语与将要发生的动作连用。
根据句意可知B正确。
(2014福建卷)22. Our club is open to everyone ______ age, sex or educational background.A. due toB. except forC. along withD. regardless of【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：我们俱乐部向所有人开放，不管年龄、性别或教育程度。
due to意为“由于，因为，应归于”；except for意为“除了……之外”，强调整体与局部的关系；along with意为“和……一起，随同……一起”；regardless of意为“不管……，不顾……”，侧重于不考虑，不关注……。
根据句意可知D正确。
(2014湖北卷)30. Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A. in demandB. in storeC. on loanD. on sale【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
高考英语试题分类汇编介词及介词短语类单选含解析
20XX年英语高考题介词及介词短语归类（2013 北京）26.1 have an 即pointment ____ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.A. toB. offC. withD. from【答案】C。
本题考查介词。
have an即pointment with sb是固定短语，意思是"与某人有约会”。
【句意】我跟史密斯医生有个约会，但我得改了。
（2013 福建）29.Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always__ whenever she tries to.A. in the wayB. on watchC. in sightD. on the line【答案】A。
本题考查介词短语的用法。
in the way妨碍、挡道；on watch值班、监视；in sight在即、看得见；on the line处于危险中、模棱两可。
通过上下文意思可知是孩子们妨碍史密斯夫人的工作，所以先A。
【句意】史密斯夫人发现很难收拾这混乱的局面，因为无论什么时候她试图去做的时候，孩子们总是妨碍她的工作。
（2013 安徽）22 Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library __ a book about it.A. onB. atC. forD. to【答案】C。
本题考查介词。
介词for经常用来表示目的，为正确答案；其他几个介词均有此意，排除。
【句意】在你参观一个名胜之前，在当地图书馆里查找一本相关的书。
（2013 湖北）30. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered _____ a long lost an tique Greek vase.A. at ran domB. by cha neeC. in tur nD. on occasi on【答案】B。
高三英语介词介词短语试题答案及解析
高三英语介词介词短语试题答案及解析1. The media made different remarks ________ Malaysian Airlines MH370 Flight recently.A．on B．for C．of D．in【答案】A【解析】句意：最近媒体对马航MH370有不同的评价。
这里使用了词组make remarks on对…做出不同的评价。
所以选A。
考点: 考查介词辨析2. ________ his career as an actor he never gave up his hope of becoming a Hollywood star. A．Throughout B．WithinC．For D．In【答案】A【解析】A句意：在他整个演艺生涯中，他从未放弃成为好莱坞明星的梦想。
throughout表示时间时，意为： during all of a particular period，from the beginning to the end，强调“在……的整个期间”；in和within都可表示“在……(时间)内”，但不能强调自始至终，故被排除；for表示时间，后需要一段时间，如for a year/month等。
3. People in these countries demand equal treatment for all, ____race, religion or sex.A．in defence of B．regardless of C．instead of D．in support of【答案】B【解析】句意：这些国家的人们要求平等待遇不管种族宗教和性别。
regardless of不管。
A. in defence of为了…辩护，C. instead of代替，D. in support of支持，所以选B。
【考点】考查介词短语4. Do you really want to rent such a flat which is empty ________ some old pieces of furniture? A．besides B．except for C．for D．except【答案】B【解析】句意：你真的想租这么个除了几个旧家具空屋子吗？这里except for指整体说明，局部排除，besides表示除了…还包括，for为了，except是除了…（没有）。
2013年高考英语试题分类解析介词与介词短语
介词与介词短语1. 【2013新课标I卷34】It was a real race_______ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.A. overB. byC. forD. against【答案】D【解析】考查介词。
against以…为竞争对手；与…相竞争。
句意：完成该项目是与时间的一次赛跑。
有幸做到了【语言学习】against1. 相反，反对；违反，违背against one's will 违心地，违背意愿地to fight against evil同邪恶做斗争2. 撞击；撞着，与…相撞，同…冲突to push against the door用力推门3. 逆行，对着；跟…反方向：to drive against the traffic (汽车)逆行against the current 逆流4. 与…形成对照，与…衬托；以…为背景green against the gold金黄色打底的绿色5. 紧贴着，倚靠，凭the house against the church教堂隔壁的房子6. 以防，为…做准备(或防备)We provided against a poor crop. 我们防备歉收。
7. 以…为抵抗(或抵御)对象；以…为防御措施：We are all taking medicine against the cold. 我们都服药以防感冒。
8. 以…为竞争对手；与…相竞争to work against time以最快的速度工作2.【2013新课标II卷11】A serious study of physics is impossible_______ some knowledge of mathematics.A. againstB. beforeC. beyondD. without【答案】D【解析】考查介词。
without没有。
高考英语介词和介词短语考点总结及真题解析
考点04 介词和介词短语高考频度：★★★★★【命题解读】介词在英语中比较活跃，在高考中，对介词的考查主要集中在语法填空和短文改错题型中，考查点为常见介词如，from,to, on, in, with, by, at, of , on 等等的基本用法上。
语法填空中介词的考查形式为非提示词型，短文改错中介词的考查包括介词的误用以及多词少词。
【命题预测】预计2021年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词基本用法和固定搭配中的介词的考查。
在短文改错中，主要考查对介词的误用。
【复习建议】1. 掌握主要介词的常见用法及易混介词的辨析；2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语；3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。
介词的分类考向①介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
考向②常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。
但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看，考生需要掌握以下内容。
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别①at 8 o’clock, at noon②in the 1990s, in January③on Monday, on a warm morningon the①The lamp stands in the corner of theroom.②I me t with him at the street corner.③He sat on the corner of the table.besidesexceptbutexcept for1.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove，I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.【答案】将off改为on【解析】考查介词。
新高考英语真题分项汇编专题：代词、介词、介词短语(解析版)
专题02 代词、介词、介词短语1. （2023年新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed_______hand rather than rolled.【答案】by【详解】考查介词。
固定搭配，by hand“用手”。
句意：在那里，你会发现是不一样准备的——多饺子，少汤，包装是用手压的而不是卷的。
2. （2023年新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ________(they) contents.【答案】their【详解】考查代词。
修饰后面的名词contents（东西）需用形容词性物主代词their。
3.（2023年新高考II卷）And who do they speak English ________?【答案】with【详解】考查介词。
句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意“与某人交谈”。
故填with。
4.（2023年浙江卷1月）Thanks to Beijing’s long history capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events.【答案】as【详解】考查介词。
句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。
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2015年高考英语试题分类解析介词和介词短语
1.【2015•重庆】10. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.
A. below
B. on
C. at
D. above
【答案】D
【解析】句意：去年是有纪录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68度。
With 的宾语global temperature ，宾语补足above the average。
2.【2015•浙江】
3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?
A. about
B. to
C. with
D. over
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，是什么的家园的意思。
该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。
比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。
3.【2015•浙江】17. These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
A. in memory of
B. in response to
C. in touch with
D. in possession of
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。
A. in memory of 意为纪念， B. in response to意为回应，C. in touch with意为联系，D. in possession of意为拥有。
分析句子成分知道空格处充当介词短语作状语的作用，根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题的回应。
所以答案应该是B. in response to回应。
4.【2015•天津】2. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that
B. one
C. it
D. this
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。
句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。
代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。
故选A。
5.【2015•浙江】10. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work.
A. As a result
B. In addition
C. By contrast
D. In conclusion
【答案】C
【解析】句意:很多人工作是因为这是不可避免的，相反，有一些人是的确喜欢工作的。
根据前后的意思，可以知道前后是表示对比。
A意为结果，B意为此外，C意为相反，D意为结论。
“不可避免”表述到一种无奈，也就是说，很多人是不得不工作的。
后句的表达是“事实上有些人喜欢工作”，“喜欢”和“不得不”刚好构成一种否定，所以答案只能是选C。
6【2015•陕西】12. The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street.
A. on
B. by
C. in
D. at
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这个小学生拉住他奶奶的膀子和她一起穿过街道。
take sb. by the arm拉住某人的膀子，所以选B。
7.【2015•福建】22._______A common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform.
A. of
B. on
C. to
D. with
【答案】A
【解析】考察介词辨析。
A.of表示关于，表示从属关系；B.on表示在…之上；C.to表示对于；D.with表示和…在一起。
该句意思为：他们共有的关于他们学校的记忆是校服。
故选A
【考点定位】考查介词辨析。
【名师点睛】介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
本题考查的介词短语结构是介词+名词的形式。
需要考生掌握好相应介词的功能.。