金融市场与机构(11)
金融市场与金融机构讲义PPT(26张)
金融学 张乃文
2.金融期权市场
（1）按内容不同，分为看涨期权和看跌期权。 （2）按标的不同，分为现货期权和期货期权。 （3）按行权时间，可分为欧式期权和美式期权。
2009-07-25
金融学 张乃文
（二）外汇市场
1.外汇市场的主体：外汇银行、中央银行、外汇经纪人 2.外汇市场的功能：
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10、山有封顶，还有彼岸，慢慢长途，终有回转，余味苦涩，终有回甘。
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11、人生就像是一个马尔可夫链，你的未来取决于你当下正在做的事，而无关于过去做完的事。
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12、女人，要么有美貌，要么有智慧，如果两者你都不占绝对优势，那你就选择善良。
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13、时间，抓住了就是黄金，虚度了就是流水。理想，努力了才叫梦想，放弃了那只是妄想。努力，虽然未必会收获，但放弃，就一定一无所获。
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16、人生在世：可以缺钱，但不能缺德;可以失言，但不能失信;可以倒下，但不能跪下;可以求名，但不能盗名;可以低落，但不能堕落;可以放松，但不能放纵;可以虚荣，但不能虚伪;可以平凡，但不能平庸;可以浪漫，但不能浪荡;可以生气，但不能生事。
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17、人生没有笔直路，当你感到迷茫、失落时，找几部这种充满正能量的电影，坐下来静静欣赏，去发现生命中真正重要的东西。
议价买卖和竞价买卖 直接交易和间接交易 现货交易和期货交易
2009-07-25
金融学 张乃文
四、其他金融市场
（一）金融衍生工具市场 1.金融期货市场
（1）金融期货的基本类型：外汇期货、利率期货、股票 指数期货。
（2）金融期货交易的基本功能：套期保值、价格发现。
2009-07-25
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1、想要体面生活，又觉得打拼辛苦；想要健康身体，又无法坚持运动。人最失败的，莫过于对自己不负责任，连答应自己的事都办不到，又何必抱怨这个世界都和你作对？人生的道理很简单，你想要什么，就去付出足够的努力。
金融市场与金融机构英文课件 (11)
Financial Markets Funds Transferees
Lender-Savers 1. Households 2. Business firms 3. Government 4. Foreigners
Borrower-Spenders 1. Business firms 2. Government 3. Households 4. Foreigners
• Provide liquidity, making it easy to buy and sell the securities of the companies
• Establish a price for the securities
Structure of Financial Markets
• At the same time, Walter has money he wishes to invest for his retirement.
• If the two of you could get together, perhaps both of your needs can be met. But how does that happen?
Overview of the Financial System
Chapter Preview
• Suppose you want to start a business manufacturing a household cleaning robot, but you have no funds.
– Foreign bonds
• Denominated in a foreign currency • Targeted at a foreign market
金融市场金融机构之商业银行
传统中间业务与创新的中间业务
• 传统的中间业务是指历史上银行向顾客提供的各类金 融服务类业务，这类经营活动风险小或无风险，如， 支付结算、代理、信托与租赁、咨询，与贷款有关的 组织、审批等服务业务，以及代理行业务等进出口服 务业务等。
• 创新的中间业务是指那些虽未列入资产负债表内，但 同表内的资产业务或负债业务关系密切的业务，如， 贷款承诺业务、担保业务、金融衍生工具交易。银行 在经办这类业务时，虽然没有发生实际的货币收付， 银行也没有垫付任何资金，但在将来随时可能因具备 了契约中的某个条件而转变为表内的资产或表内的负 债。因此按照与资产、负债的关系，这类创新的中间 业务又可称为或有资产业务、或有负债业务。
英国商业银行业务的调整与发展
• 一是注重资产结构的多元化和资金流向的调整。
• 二是为了有效地与其他金融机构竞争，注意开展对 个人客户的服务，表现为大力吸收小额存款和提供 个人贷款，并尝试提供“零售性金融成套安排”内 容包括承包保险、证券经纪、房地产代理、旅游服 务和货币传递等项目，强调客户中心的服务理念。
• 发展地区银行和社区银行的必要性：不同的 经济区域具有不同的产业结构对金融服务的 要求也存在许多不同；中小型企业的迅速发 展需要相应类型的社区银行的对口支持 ； 居民对金融服务的个性化和人性化要求越来 越强烈与大银行提供的服务存在差距 。
我国发展地区银行和社区银行的重要意义
• 从规模多元而言，有利于银行市场的拾遗补缺，有助 于扩大银行体系的作用范围和对经济发展的影响力， 对我国银行体系的完善具有积极作用。
• 从业务多元而言，有利于改变我国银行目前存在的业 务低水平重复，融资结构矛盾等突出问题，有利于促 进其他类型银行在市场定位和差异化服务调整上的主 动性和积极性，有利于银行业有效竞争的实现。
金融市场和机构
n
n 这些缺陷意味着金融市场存在着系统性风险，有可能造成金融体 系崩溃；而且知情少的一方往往会受到严重的侵害。因此，健全 和完善金融市场，维护金融安全尤为重要。
PPT文档演模板
金融市场பைடு நூலகம்机构
五、金融市场的分类
的承销将资金使用者（发行债券或股票的公司）与资 金的初始供给者（投资者）联系起来。 n 二级市场是已发行的金融工具交易的场所，通过证券 经纪商将金融市场与其他资金供给者联系起来。
PPT文档演模板
金融市场和机构
n 2.按期限分，金融市场可分为货币市场（1年 以内）和资本市场（1年以上）；
n 3.按即时交割或远期交割划分，金融市场可分 为现货市场、远期市场以及衍生工具市场；
金融市场和机构
n 大额可转让定期存单二级市场价值的计算
n 某银行发行了一种年利率为7%，面值为100万 美元，期限为6个月的大额可转让定期存单。 这样，存单的持有者将因为目前把100万美元 存入银行6个月而获得：
n 100万美元×（1+7%/2）=103.5万美元
n 该定期存单刚一发行，其市场利率就下降到了 6%。这样一来，此种面值为100万美元的定期 存单的二级市场价格将上升到：
PPT文档演模板
金融市场和机构
n 四、金融市场的先天缺陷
n 市场经济与生俱来具有三大先天缺陷： n 一是人的本性有可能导致金融崩溃； n 二是经济周期导致经济和金融的波动； n 三是信息不完全和不可预期。因此金融危机不可避免
PPT文档演模板
金融市场和机构
： 由此进一步认识导致金融市场先天缺陷的5个因素
金融市场学双语题库及答案(第十一章)米什金《金融市场与机构》
Financial Markets and Institutions, 8e (Mishkin)Chapter 11 The Money Markets11.1 Multiple Choice1) Activity in money markets increased significantly in the late 1970s and early 1980s because ofA) rising short-term interest rates.B) regulations that limited what banks could pay for deposits.C) both A and B of the above.D) neither A nor B of the above.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition2) Money market securities have all the following characteristics except they are notA) short term.B) money.C) low risk.D) very liquid.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition3) Money market instrumentsA) are usually sold in large denominations.B) have low default risk.C) mature in one year or less.D) are characterized by all of the above.E) are characterized by only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition4) The banking industryA) should have an efficiency advantage in gathering information that would eliminate the need for the money markets.B) exists primarily to mediate the asymmetric information problem betweensaver-lenders and borrower-spenders.C) is subject to more regulations and governmental costs than the money markets.D) all of the above are true.E) only A and B of the above are true.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition5) In situations where asymmetric information problems are not severe,A) the money markets have a distinct cost advantage over banks in providing short-term funds.B) the money markets have a distinct cost advantage over banks in providinglong-term funds.C) banks have a distinct cost advantage over the money markets in providing short-term funds.D) the money markets cannot allocate short-term funds as efficiently as banks can. Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition6) Brokerage firms that offered money market security accounts in the 1970s had a cost advantage over banks in attracting funds because the brokerage firmsA) were not subject to deposit reserve requirements.B) were not subject to the deposit interest rate ceilings.C) were not limited in how much they could borrow from depositors.D) had the advantage of all the above.E) had the advantage of only A and B of the above.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition7) Which of the following statements about the money markets are true?A) Not all commercial banks deal for their customers in the secondary market.B) Money markets are used extensively by businesses both to warehouse surplus funds and to raise short-term funds.C) The single most influential participant in the U.S. money market is the U.S. Treasury Department.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition8) Which of the following statements about the money markets are true?A) Most money market securities do not pay interest. Instead, the investor pays less for the security than it will be worth when it matures.B) Pension funds invest a portion of their assets in the money market to have sufficient liquidity to meet their obligations.C) Unlike most participants in the money market, the U.S. Treasury Department is always a demander of money market funds and never a supplier.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets? Question Status: Previous Edition9) Which of the following are true statements about participants in the money markets?A) Large banks participate in the money markets by selling large negotiable CDs.B) The U.S. government and corporations borrow in the money markets because cash inflows and outflows are rarely synchronized.C) The Federal Reserve is the single most influential participant in the U.S. money market.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition10) The most influential participant(s) in the U.S. money marketA) is the Federal Reserve.B) is the U.S. Treasury Department.C) are the large money center banks.D) are the investment banks that underwrite securities.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition11) The Fed is an active participant in money markets mainly because of its responsibility toA) lower borrowing costs to encourage capital investment.B) control the money supply.C) increase the interest income of retirees holding money market instruments.D) assist the Securities and Exchange Commission in regulating the behavior of other money market participants.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition12) Commercial banks are large holders of ________ and are the major issuer of________.A) negotiable certificates of deposit; U.S. government securitiesB) U.S. government securities; negotiable certificates of depositC) commercial paper; EurodollarsD) Eurodollars; commercial paperAnswer: BTopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition13) The primary function of large diversified brokerage firms in the money market is toA) sell money market securities to the Federal Reserve for its open market operations.B) make a market for money market securities by maintaining an inventory from which to buy or sell.C) buy money market securities from corporations that need liquidity.D) buy T-bills from the U.S. Treasury Department.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition14) Finance companies raise funds in the money market by sellingA) commercial paper.B) federal funds.C) negotiable certificates of deposit.D) Eurodollars.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition15) Finance companies play a unique role in money markets byA) giving consumers indirect access to money markets.B) combining consumers' investments to purchase money market securities on their behalf.C) borrowing in capital markets to finance purchases of money market securities.D) assisting the government in its sales of U.S. Treasury securities.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition16) When inflation rose in the late 1970s,A) consumers moved money out of money market mutual funds because their returns did not keep pace with inflation.B) banks solidified their advantage over money markets by offering higher deposit rates.C) brokerage houses introduced highly popular money market mutual funds, which drew significant amounts of money out of bank deposits.D) consumers were unable to take advantage of higher rates in money markets because of the requirement of large transaction sizes.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition17) Which of the following is the largest borrower in the money markets?A) Commercial banksB) Large corporationsC) The U.S. TreasuryD) U.S. firms engaged in foreign tradeAnswer: CTopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition18) Money market instruments issued by the U.S. Treasury are calledA) Treasury bills.B) Treasury notes.C) Treasury bonds.D) Treasury strips.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition19) Which of the following statements are true of Treasury bills?A) The market for Treasury bills is extremely deep and liquid.B) Occasionally, investors find that earnings on T-bills do not compensate them for changes in purchasing power due to inflation.C) By volume, most Treasury bills are sold to individuals who submit noncompetitive bids.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition20) Suppose that you purchase a 91-day Treasury bill for $9,850 that is worth $10,000 when it matures. The security's annualized yield if held to maturity is aboutA) 4 percent.B) 5 percent.C) 6 percent.D) 7 percent.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition21) Suppose that you purchase a 182-day Treasury bill for $9,850 that is worth $10,000 when it matures. The security's annualized yield if held to maturity is aboutA) 1.5%.B) 2%.C) 3%.D) 6%.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition22) Treasury bills do notA) pay interest.B) have a maturity date.C) have a face amount.D) have an active secondary market.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition23) If your competitive bid for a Treasury bill is successful, then you willA) certainly pay less than if you had submitted a noncompetitive bid.B) probably pay more than if you had submitted a noncompetitive bid.C) pay the average of prices offered in other successful competitive bids.D) pay the same as other successful competitive bidders.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition24) If your noncompetitive bid for a Treasury bill is successful, then you willA) certainly pay less than if you had submitted a competitive bid.B) certainly pay more than if you had submitted a competitive bid.C) pay the average of prices offered in other noncompetitive bids.D) pay the same as other successful noncompetitive bidders.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition25) Federal fundsA) are short-term funds transferred between financial institutions, usually for a period of one day.B) actually have nothing to do with the federal government.C) provide banks with an immediate infusion of reserves.D) are all of the above.E) are only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition26) Federal funds areA) usually overnight investments.B) borrowed by banks that have a deficit of reserves.C) lent by banks that have an excess of reserves.D) all of the above.E) only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition27) The Fed can influence the federal funds interest rate by adjusting the level of reserves available to banks. The Fed canA) lower the federal funds interest rate by adding reserves.B) raise the federal funds interest rate by removing reserves.C) remove reserves by selling securities.D) do all of the above.E) do only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition28) The Federal Reserve can influence the federal funds interest rate by buying securities, which ________ reserves, thereby ________ the federal funds rate.A) adds; raisingB) removes; loweringC) adds; loweringD) removes; raisingAnswer: CTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition29) The Fed can lower the federal funds interest rate by ________ securities, thereby ________ reserves.A) selling; addingB) selling; loweringC) buying; addingD) buying; loweringAnswer: CTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition30) If the Fed wants to lower the federal funds interest rate, it will ________ the banking system by ________ securities.A) add reserves to; sellingB) add reserves to; buyingC) remove reserves from; sellingD) remove reserves from; buyingAnswer: BTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition31) If the Fed wants to raise the federal funds interest rate, it will ________ securities to ________ the banking system.A) sell; add reserves toB) sell; remove reserves fromC) buy; add reserves toD) buy; remove reserves fromAnswer: BTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition32) Government securities dealers frequently engage in repos toA) manage liquidity.B) take advantage of anticipated changes in interest rates.C) lend or borrow for a day or two with what is essentially a collateralized loan.D) do all of the above.E) do only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition33) Repos areA) usually low-risk loans.B) usually collateralized with Treasury securities.C) low interest rate loans.D) all of the above.E) only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition34) A negotiable certificate of depositA) is a term security because it has a specified maturity date.B) is a bearer instrument, meaning whoever holds the certificate at maturity receives the principal and interest.C) can be bought and sold until maturity.D) all of the above.E) only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition35) Negotiable certificates of depositA) are bearer instruments because their holders earn the interest and principal at maturity.B) typically have a maturity of one to four months.C) are usually denominated at $100,000.D) are all of the above.E) are only A and B of the above.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition36) Commercial paper securitiesA) are issued only by the largest and most creditworthy corporations, as they are unsecured.B) carry an interest rate that varies according to the firm's level of risk.C) never have a term to maturity that exceeds 270 days.D) all of the above.E) only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition37) Unlike most money market securities, commercial paperA) is not generally traded in a secondary market.B) usually has a term to maturity that is longer than a year.C) is not popular with most money market investors because of the high default risk.D) all of the above.E) only A and B of the above.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition38) A banker's acceptance isA) used to finance goods that have not yet been transferred from the seller to the buyer.B) an order to pay a specified amount of money to the bearer on a given date.C) a relatively new money market security that arose in the 1960s as international trade expanded.D) all of the above.E) only A and B of the above.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition39) Banker's acceptancesA) can be bought and sold until they mature.B) are issued only by large money center banks.C) carry low interest rates because of the very low default risk.D) are all of the above.E) are only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition40) EurodollarsA) are time deposits with fixed maturities and are, therefore, somewhat illiquid.B) may offer the borrower a lower interest rate than can be received in the domestic market.C) are limited to London banks.D) are all of the above.E) are only A and B of the above.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition41) Which of the following statements about money market securities are true?A) The interest rates on all money market instruments move very closely together over time.B) The secondary market for Treasury bills is extensive and well developed.C) There is no well-developed secondary market for commercial paper.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition42) Money market transactionsA) do not take place in any one particular location or building.B) are usually arranged purchases and sales between participants over the phone by traders and completed electronically.C) are both A and B of the above.D) are none the the above.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition43) Two important characteristics of any financial market are flexibility andA) risk.B) innovation.C) tolerance.D) capital.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition44) The main role of investment companies in the money market is toA) trade on behalf of commercial accounts.B) mediate the symmetric information problem between server-lender and borrower-spenders.C) both A and B of the above.D) neither A nor B of the above.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition45) In a direct placementA) the issuer bypasses the dealer and sells indirectly to the end investor.B) the dealer sells directly to the end investor.C) the issuer bypasses the dealer and sells directly to the end investor.D) none of the above.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition46) The advantage of mutual funds is that theyA) require no cash up front.B) give investors with relatively small amounts of cash to invest access tolarge-denomination securities.C) always yield the highest returns.D) both A and B of the above.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition47) Asset-backed commercial paper differs from conventional commercial paper in thatA) it is backed (secured) by some bundle of assets.B) its maturity usually extends well beyond 1 year.C) both A and B of the above.D) neither A nor B of the above.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: New Question48) The usual maturity range for commercial paper is ________.A) 1 to 270 daysB) 1 to 15 daysC) 4, 13, and 26 weeksD) 1 to 7 daysAnswer: ATopic: Chapter 11.5 Comparing Money Market SecuritiesQuestion Status: New Question49) The usual maturity range for fed funds is ________.A) 1 to 270 daysB) 1 to 15 daysC) 4, 13, and 26 weeksD) 1 to 7 daysAnswer: DTopic: Chapter 11.5 Comparing Money Market SecuritiesQuestion Status: New Question11.2 True/False1) Money market securities are short-term instruments with an original maturity of less than one year.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition2) Money market securities include Treasury bills, commercial paper, federal funds, repurchase agreements, negotiable certificates of deposit, banker's acceptances, and Eurodollars.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition3) The term money market is actually a misnomer, because liquid securities are traded in these markets rather than money.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition4) Money markets are referred to as retail markets because small individual investors are the primary buyers of money market securities.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition5) The U.S. Treasury Department is the single most influential participant in the U.S. money market.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition6) The U.S. Treasury Department is the single largest borrower in the U.S. money market.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition7) Banks are unusual participants in the money market because they buy, but do not sell, money market instruments.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition8) Money markets are used extensively by businesses both to warehouse surplus funds and to raise short-term funds.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition9) The market for U.S. Treasury bills is a shallow market because so few individual investors buy T-bills.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition10) The T-bill is not an investment to be used for anything but temporary storage of excess funds because it barely keeps up with inflation.Topic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition11) The main purpose of federal funds is to provide banks with an immediate infusion of reserves should they be short.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.2 The Purpose of the Money MarketsQuestion Status: Previous Edition12) The Fed can influence the federal funds rate by adjusting the level of reserves in the banking system.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition13) Commercial paper securities are unsecured promissory notes, issued by corporations, that mature in no more than 270 days.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition14) A banker's acceptance is an order to pay a specified amount of money to the bearer on a given date. Banker's acceptances have been used since the twelfth century. Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition15) Interest rates on banker's acceptances are low because the risk of default is very low.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition16) The size of the asset-backed commercial paper market nearly doubled between 2004 and 2007 to about $1 trillion.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market Instruments17) In general, money market instruments are low-risk, high-yield securities. Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition18) Commercial paper has been used in various forms since the 1930s.Topic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition19) The Treasury accepts noncompetitive bids in ascending order of yield until the accepted bids reach the offering amount.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition20) Not all commercial banks deal in the secondary money market for their customers.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition11.3 Essay1) Explain why banks, which would seem to have a comparative advantage in gathering information, have not eliminated the need for the money markets. Topic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition2) Explain how the Federal Reserve can influence the federal funds interest rate. Topic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition3) Explain why the money markets are referred to as wholesale markets.Topic: Chapter 11.1 The Money Markets DefinedQuestion Status: Previous Edition4) Explain why money market interest rates move so closely together over time. Topic: Chapter 11.5 Comparing Money Market SecuritiesQuestion Status: Previous Edition5) How are Treasury bills sold? How do competitive and noncompetitive bids differ? Topic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition6) What are the main characteristics of money market securities?Topic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition7) What are the major types of securities and who are the major participants in the money markets?Topic: Chapter 11.3 Who Participates in the Money Markets?Question Status: Previous Edition8) Explain how and why repurchase agreements would be used.Topic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: Previous Edition9) The size of the asset-backed commercial paper market nearly doubled between 2004 and 2007 to about $1 trillion. Discuss how the subprime meltdown and collapse of the ABCP market almost led to the collapse of the money market mutual fundmarket as well.Topic: Chapter 11.4 Money Market InstrumentsQuestion Status: New Question10) Why would we expect rates on money market securities to move together? Topic: Chapter 11.5 Comparing Money Market SecuritiesQuestion Status: New Question。
金融市场的金融市场机构和参与者
金融市场的金融市场机构和参与者金融市场是指进行金融资产交易的场所，它在资金配置和风险管理中起着至关重要的作用。
金融市场的运作离不开金融市场机构和参与者的积极参与和合作。
本文将对金融市场机构和参与者进行探讨。
一、金融市场机构金融市场机构是指为了促进金融市场的正常运行而设立的各类金融机构。
它们在金融市场中扮演着不同的角色，为金融交易提供必要的基础设施和服务。
1.证券交易所证券交易所是一种专门从事证券交易的金融市场机构。
它提供了证券的发行、上市和交易等功能，是股票、债券等金融工具交易的重要场所。
全球范围内较知名的证券交易所包括纽约证券交易所、伦敦证券交易所和上海证券交易所等。
2.期货交易所期货交易所是进行期货交易的金融市场机构。
期货交易所提供了标准化合约的交易场所，方便投资者进行期货商品的交易。
芝加哥期货交易所和中国金融期货交易所是全球著名的期货交易所。
3.银行银行是金融市场中最常见的机构之一。
商业银行、投资银行和中央银行等不同类型的银行在金融市场中发挥着重要的作用。
商业银行接受存款、发放贷款，为个人和企业提供金融服务；投资银行则专注于提供融资、并购、证券承销和交易等服务；中央银行负责货币发行和金融稳定。
4.保险公司保险公司是提供保险服务的金融机构。
它们接受投保人的保费，并承担一定风险的赔偿责任。
保险公司通过分散和转移风险的方式，为个人和企业提供了一定的保护和安全感。
二、金融市场参与者金融市场参与者是指在金融市场中进行交易和投资的个人和机构。
他们根据自身的需求和风险承受能力参与金融市场的交易活动。
1.个人投资者个人投资者是指以个人身份参与金融市场交易的投资者。
他们通过证券账户进行股票、债券、基金等金融工具的交易。
个人投资者通过参与金融市场来获取投资收益，实现资产增值。
2.机构投资者机构投资者是以机构身份参与金融市场交易的投资者。
这些机构包括养老基金、保险公司、投资基金、银行和大型企业等。
机构投资者通常拥有更丰富的资金和专业的研究能力，对金融市场的波动和机会有更深入的了解。
金融市场学双语题库及答案(第十四章)米什金《金融市场与机构》
Financial Markets and Institutions, 8e (Mishkin)Chapter 14 The Mortgage Markets14.1 Multiple Choice1) Which of the following are important ways in which mortgage markets differ from the stock and bond markets?A) The usual borrowers in the capital markets are government entities and businesses, whereas the usual borrowers in the mortgage markets are individuals.B) Most mortgages are secured by real estate, whereas the majority of capital market borrowing is unsecured.C) Because mortgages are made for different amounts and different maturities, developing a secondary market has been more difficult.D) All of the above are important differences.E) Only A and B of the above are important differences.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.1 What Are Mortgages?Question Status: Previous Edition2) Which of the following are important ways in which mortgage markets differ from stock and bond markets?A) The usual borrowers in capital markets are government entities, whereas the usual borrowers in mortgage markets are small businesses.B) The usual borrowers in capital markets are government entities and large businesses, whereas the usual borrowers in mortgage markets are small businesses.C) The usual borrowers in capital markets are government entities and large businesses, whereas the usual borrowers in mortgage markets are small businesses and individuals.D) The usual borrowers in capital markets are businesses and government entities, whereas the usual borrowers in mortgage markets are individuals.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.1 What Are Mortgages?Question Status: Previous Edition3) Which of the following are true of mortgages?A) A mortgage is a long-term loan secured by real estate.B) A borrower pays off a mortgage in a combination of principal and interest payments that result in full payment of the debt by maturity.C) Over 80 percent of mortgage loans finance residential home purchases.D) All of the above are true of mortgages.E) Only A and B of the above are true of mortgages.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.1 What Are Mortgages?Question Status: Previous Edition4) Which of the following are true of mortgages?A) A mortgage is a long-term loan secured by real estate.B) Borrowers pay off mortgages over time in some combination of principal and interest payments that result in full payment of the debt by maturity.C) Less than 65 percent of mortgage loans finance residential home purchases.D) All of the above are true of mortgages.E) Only A and B of the above are true of mortgages.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 14.1 What Are Mortgages?Question Status: Previous Edition5) Which of the following are true of mortgage interest rates?A) Interest rates on mortgage loans are determined by three factors: current long-term market rates, the term of the mortgage, and the number of discount points paid.B) Mortgage interest rates tend to track along with Treasury bond rates.C) The interest rate on 15-year mortgages is lower than the rate on 30-year mortgages, all else the same.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition6) Which of the following are true of mortgages?A) More than 80 percent of mortgage loans finance residential home purchases.B) The National Banking Act of 1863 rewarded banks that increased mortgage lending.C) Most mortgages during the 1920s and 1930s were balloon loans.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and C of the above are true.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 14.1 What Are Mortgages?Question Status: Previous Edition7) Which of the following is true of mortgage interest rates?A) Longer-term mortgages have lower interest rates than shorter-term mortgages.B) Mortgage rates are lower than Treasury bond rates because of the tax deductibility of mortgage interest rates.C) In exchange for points, lenders reduce interest rates on mortgage loans.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition8) Typically, discount points should not be paid if the borrower will pay off the loan in ________ years or less.A) 5B) 10C) 15D) 20Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition9) Which of the following is true of mortgage interest rates?A) Longer-term mortgages have higher interest rates than shorter-term mortgages.B) In exchange for points, lenders reduce interest rates on mortgage loans.C) Mortgage rates are lower than Treasury bond rates because of the tax deductibility of mortgage interest payments.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition10) Which of the following reduces moral hazard for the mortgage borrower?A) CollateralB) Down paymentsC) Private mortgage insuranceD) Borrower qualificationsAnswer: BTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition11) Which of the following protects the mortgage lender's right to sell property if the underlying loan defaults?A) A lienB) A down paymentC) Private mortgage insuranceD) Borrower qualificationE) AmortizationAnswer: ATopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition12) Which of the following is true of mortgage interest rates?A) Mortgage rates are closely tied to Treasury bond rates, but mortgage rates tend to stay below Treasury rates because mortgages are secured with collateral.B) Longer-term mortgages have higher interest rates than shorter-term mortgages.C) Interest rates are higher on mortgage loans on which lenders charge points.D) All of the above are true.E) Only A and B of the above are true.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition13) During the early years of an amortizing mortgage loan, the lender appliesA) most of the monthly payment to the outstanding principal balance.B) all of the monthly payment to the outstanding principal balance.C) most of the monthly payment to interest on the loan.D) all of the monthly payment to interest on the loan.E) the monthly payment equally to interest on the loan and the outstanding principal balance.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition14) During the last years of an amortizing mortgage loan, the lender appliesA) most of the monthly payment to the outstanding principal balance.B) all of the monthly payment to the outstanding principal balance.C) most of the monthly payment to interest on the loan.D) all of the monthly payment to interest on the loan.E) the monthly payment equally to interest on the loan and the outstanding principal balance.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition15) During the last years of a balloon mortgage loan, the lender appliesA) most of the monthly payment to the outstanding principal balance.B) all of the monthly payment to the outstanding principal balance.C) most of the monthly payment to interest on the loan.D) all of the monthly payment to interest on the loan.E) the monthly payment equally to interest on the loan and the outstanding principal balance.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition16) During the early years of a balloon mortgage loan, the lender appliesA) most of the monthly payment to the outstanding principal balance.B) all of the monthly payment to the outstanding principal balance.C) most of the monthly payment to interest on the loan.D) all of the monthly payment to interest on the loan.E) the monthly payment equally to interest on the loan and the outstanding principal balance.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition17) A borrower who qualifies for an FHA or VA loan enjoys the advantage thatA) the mortgage payment is much lower.B) only a very low or zero down payment is required.C) the cost of private mortgage insurance is lower.D) the government holds the lien on the property.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition18) (I) Conventional mortgages are originated by private lending institutions, and FHA or VA loans are originated by the government. (II) Conventional mortgages are insured by private companies, and FHA or VA loans are insured by the government.A) (I) is true, (II) false.B) (I) is false, (II) true.C) Both are true.D) Both are false.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition19) Borrowers tend to prefer ________ to ________, whereas lenders prefer ________.A) fixed-rate loans; ARMs; fixed-rate loansB) ARMs; fixed-rate loans; fixed-rate loansC) fixed-rate loans; ARMs; ARMsD) ARMs; fixed-rate loans; ARMsAnswer: CTopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition20) (I) ARMs offer lower initial rates and the rate may fall during the life of the loan. (II) Conventional mortgages do not allow a borrower to take advantage of falling interest rates.A) (I) is true, (II) is false.B) (I) is false, (II) is true.C) Both are true.D) Both are false.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition21) Growing-equity mortgages (GEMs)A) help the borrower pay off the loan in a shorter time.B) have such low payments in the first few years that the principal balance increases.C) offer borrowers payments that are initially lower than the payments on aconventional mortgage.D) do all of the above.E) do only A and B of the above.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition22) A borrower with a 30-year loan can create a GEM byA) simply increasing the monthly payments beyond what is required and designating that the excess be applied entirely to the principal.B) converting his ARM into a conventional mortgage.C) converting his conventional mortgage into an ARM.D) converting his conventional mortgage into a GPM.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition23) Which of the following are useful for home buyers who expect their income to rise in the future?A) GPMsB) RAMsC) GEMsD) Only A and B are useful.E) Only A and C are useful.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition24) Which of the following are useful for home buyers who expect their income to fall in the future?A) GPMsB) RAMsC) GEMsD) Only A and B are useful.E) Only A and C are useful.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition25) Retired people can live on the equity they have in their homes by using aA) GEM.B) GPM.C) SAM.D) RAM.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition26) Second mortgages serve the following purposes:A) they give borrowers a way to use the equity they have in their homes as security for another loan.B) they allow borrowers to get a tax deduction on loans secured by their primary residence or vacation home.C) they allow borrowers to convert their conventional mortgages into GEMs.D) all of the above.E) only A and B of the above.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition27) Which of the following is a disadvantage of a second mortgage compared to credit card debt?A) The loans are secured by the borrower's home.B) The borrower gives up the tax deduction on the primary mortgage.C) The borrower must pay points to get a second mortgage loan.D) The borrower will find it more difficult to qualify for a second mortgage loan.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition28) The share of the mortgage market held by savings and loans isA) over 50 percent.B) approximately 40 percent.C) approximately 20 percent.D) less than 5 percent.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.4 Mortgage-Lending InstitutionsQuestion Status: Updated from Previous Edition29) The share of the mortgage market held by commercial banks is approximatelyA) 50 percent.B) 30 percent.C) 15 percent.D) 5 percent.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 14.4 Mortgage-Lending Institutions Question Status: Updated from Previous Edition30) A loan-servicing agent willA) package the loan for an investor.B) hold the loan in their investment portfolio.C) collect payments from the borrower.D) do both A and C of the above.E) do both B and C of the above.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 14.5 Loan ServicingQuestion Status: Previous Edition31) Distinct elements of a mortgage loan includeA) origination.B) investment.C) servicing.D) all of the above.E) only B and C of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.6 Secondary Mortgage MarketQuestion Status: Previous Edition32) The Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae)A) was set up to buy mortgages from thrifts so that these institutions could make more loans.B) funds purchases of mortgages by selling bonds to the public.C) provides insurance for certain mortgage contracts.D) does all of the above.E) does only A and B of the above.Answer: ETopic: Chapter 14.6 Secondary Mortgage MarketQuestion Status: Previous Edition33) The Federal Housing Administration (FHA)A) was set up to buy mortgages from thrifts so that these institutions could make more loans.B) funds purchases of mortgages by selling bonds to the public.C) provides insurance for certain mortgage contracts.D) does all of the above.E) does only A and B of the above.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition34) ________ issues participation certificates, and ________ provides federal insurance for participation certificates.A) Freddie Mac; Freddie MacB) Freddie Mac; Ginnie MaeC) Ginnie Mae; Freddie MacD) Ginnie Mae; Ginnie MaeE) Freddie Mac; no oneAnswer: ETopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition35) REMICs are most likeA) Freddie Mac pass-through securities.B) Ginnie Mae pass-through securities.C) participation certificates.D) collateralized mortgage obligations.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security? Question Status: Previous Edition36) Ginnie MaeA) insures qualifying mortgages.B) insures pass-through certificates.C) insures collateralized mortgage obligations.D) does only A and B. of the above.E) does only B and C of the above.Answer: BTopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security? Question Status: Previous Edition37) Mortgage-backed securitiesA) have been growing in popularity in recent years as institutional investors look for attractive investment opportunities.B) are securities collateralized by a pool of mortgages.C) are securities collateralized by both insured and uninsured mortgages.D) are all of the above.E) are only A and B of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition38) The most common type of mortgage-backed security isA) the mortgage pass-through, a security that has the borrower's mortgage payments pass through the trustee before being disbursed to the investors.B) collateralized mortgage obligations, a security which reduces prepayment risk.C) the participation certificate, a security which passes the borrower's mortgage payments equally among all the owners of the certificates.D) the securitized mortgage, a security which increases the liquidity of otherwise illiquid mortgages.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition39) The interest rate borrowers pay on their mortgages is determined byA) current long-term market rates.B) the term.C) the number of discount points.D) all of the above.Answer: DTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition40) A loan for borrowers who do not qualify for loans at the usual market rate of interest because of a poor credit rating or because the loan is larger than justified by their income isA) a subprime mortgage.B) a securitized mortgage.C) an insured mortgage.D) a graduated-payment mortgage.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition41) The percentage of the total loan paid back immediately when a mortgage loan is obtained, which lowers the annual interest rate on the debt, is calledA) discount points.B) loan terms.C) collateral.D) down payment.Answer: ATopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition42) Which of the following terms are found in mortgage loan contracts to protect the lender from financial loss?A) CollateralB) Down paymentC) Private mortgage insuranceD) All of the aboveAnswer: DTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition43) What factors are used in determining a person's FICO score?A) Past payment historyB) Outstanding debtC) Length of credit historyD) All of the aboveAnswer: DTopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition44) Between 2000 and 2005, home prices increased an average of ________ per year.A) 2%B) 4%C) 8%D) 12%Answer: CTopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: New Question45) From 2000 to 2005, housing prices increased, on average, by over 40%. This run up in prices was caused byA) speculators.B) an increase in subprime loans, which increased demand for new and existing houses.C) both A and B.D) None of the above are correct.Answer: CTopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Updated from Previous Edition14.2 True/False1) In 2012, mortgage loans to farms represented the largest proportion of mortgage lending in the U.S.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.1 What Are Mortgages?Question Status: New Question2) Down payments are designed to reduce the likelihood of default on mortgage loans.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition3) Discount points (or simply points) are interest payments made at the beginning of a loan.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition4) A point on a mortgage loan refers to one monthly payment of principal and interest.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition5) Closing for a mortgage loan refers to the moment the loan is paid off.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition6) Private mortgage insurance is a policy that guarantees to make up any discrepancy between the value of the property and the loan amount, should a default occur.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition7) During the early years of a mortgage loan, the lender applies most of the payment to the principal on the loan.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition8) One important advantage to a borrower who qualifies for an FHA or VA loan is the very low interest rate on the mortgage.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of Mortgages9) Adjustable-rate mortgages generally have lower initial interest rates than fixed-rate mortgages.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition10) Mortgage interest rates loosely track interest rates on three-month Treasury bills.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition11) An advantage of a graduated-payment mortgage is that borrowers will qualify for a larger loan than if they requested a conventional mortgage.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.3 Types of Mortgages12) Nearly half the funds for mortgage lending comes from mortgage pools and trusts.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.4 Mortgage-Lending InstitutionsQuestion Status: Updated from Previous Edition13) Many institutions that make mortgage loans do not want to hold large portfolios of long-term securities, because it would subject them to unacceptably high interest-rate risk.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.4 Mortgage-Lending InstitutionsQuestion Status: Previous Edition14) A problem that initially hindered the marketability of mortgages in a secondary market was that they were not standardized.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.6 Secondary Mortgage MarketQuestion Status: Previous Edition15) Mortgage-backed securities have declined in popularity in recent years as institutional investors have sought higher returns in other markets.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition16) Mortgage-backed securities are marketable securities collateralized by a pool of mortgages.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition17) Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac together either own or insure the risk on nearly one-fourth of America's residential mortgages.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.4 Mortgage-Lending InstitutionsQuestion Status: Previous Edition18) A FICO score below 660 is considered good while a score above 720 is likely to cause problems in obtaining a loan.Answer: FALSETopic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition19) Subprime loans are those made to borrowers who do not qualify for loans at the usual market rate of interest because of a poor credit rating or because the loan is larger than justified by their income.Answer: TRUETopic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition14.3 Essay1) How has the modern mortgage market changed over recent years?Topic: Chapter 14.1 What Are Mortgages?Question Status: Previous Edition2) Explain the features of mortgage loans that are designed to reduce the likelihood of default.Topic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition3) What are points? What is their purpose?Topic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition4) How does an amortizing mortgage loan differ from a balloon mortgage loan?Topic: Chapter 14.2 Characteristics of the Residential MortgageQuestion Status: Previous Edition5) Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages, from both the lender's and borrower's perspectives, of fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgages.Topic: Chapter 14.3 Types of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition6) Why has the online lending market developed in recent years and what are the advantages and disadvantages of this development?Topic: Chapter 14.4 Mortgage-Lending InstitutionsQuestion Status: Previous Edition7) Why may Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac pose a threat to the health of the financial system?Topic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition8) What are mortgage-backed securities, why were they developed, whattypes of mortgage-backed securities are there, and how do they work?Topic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: Previous Edition9) What are the benefits and side effects of securitized mortgages?Topic: Chapter 14.7 Securitization of MortgagesQuestion Status: Previous Edition10) Discuss the pros and cons of a subprime market for residential mortgages in the U.S.Topic: Chapter 14.8 What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?Question Status: New Question。
试谈金融市场中的机构(ppt 40页)
3、投资银行
业务范围：
证券承销 证券经纪 兼并、收购，企业重组 项目融资 理财咨询 基金管理 金融创新和资产证券化 风险投资
4、投资基金
将众多闲散资金汇聚起来，由专门的资 产托管人托管，由专业管理公司运作， 投资于证券市场的投资组织形式。
2.4 中央银行
1、主要的中央银行
第二章 金融市场中的机构
本章学习目的：
◆了解金融机构的概念、在金融市场中的作用及其分类 ◆理解储蓄性金融机构的概念，熟悉几种典型的储蓄类金融机构的基本运作 ◆了解几种非储蓄类金融机构的运作及功能 ◆理解中央银行在金融市场中的特殊作用 ◆了解金融监管机构的概念，熟悉几种金融监管机构的作用
2.1 金融机构概述
3、金融机构体系
存款性金融机构
以吸收存款为资金来源的金融机构，包括商业银行、储蓄贷款协会、储蓄 银行、信用合作社等，收益主要来自存贷利差。
非存款性金融机构
不以存款为资金来源的金融机构，比如保险公司、养老基金、投资银行等， 收益主要来自产品出售、合同佣金、交易手续费、资产买卖价差等。
金融监管机构
商业银行是货币市场和存贷市场的活动主体，是吸收 公众存款，发放贷款，办理结算业务的公司法人组织。
商业银行的主要职能是：
信用中介 支付中介 政策中介 市场参与主体
我国商业银行的主要业务有： （一）吸收公众存款； （二）发放短期、中期和长期贷款； （三）票据承兑、贴现，国内外结算业务及信用证服务和担保； （四）发行金融债券； （五）代理发行、代理兑付、承销政府债券； （六）买卖政府债券、金融债券，买卖、代理买卖外汇； （七）同业拆借； （八）银行卡业务； （九）代理收付款项及代理保险业务； （十）提供保管箱服务； （十一）其他业务。
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Chapter 11The Stock MarketMultiple Choice Questions1. (I) A share of common stock in a firm represents an ownership interest in that firm. (II) A share ofpreferred stock is as much like a bond as it is like common stock.(a) (I) is true, (II) false.(b) (I) is false, (II) true.(c) Both are true.(d) Both are false. Answer: C2. Preferred stockholders hold a claim on assets that has priority over the claims of(a) both common stockholders and bondholders.(b) neither common stockholders nor bondholders.(c) common stockholders, but after that of bondholders.(d) bondholders, but after that of common stockholders. Answer: C3. (I) Preferred stockholders hold a claim on assets that has priority over the claims of commonstockholders, but after that of bondholders. (II) Firms issue preferred stock in far greater amounts than common stock.(a) (I) is true, (II) false.(b) (I) is false, (II) true.(c) Both are true.(d) Both are false.Answer: A4. (I) Preferred stockholders hold a claim on assets that has priority over the claims of commonstockholders. (II) Bondholders hold a claim on assets that has priority over the claims of preferred stockholders.(a) (I) is true, (II) false.(b) (I) is false, (II) true.(c) Both are true.(d) Both are false.Answer: C5. (I) Firms issue common stock in far greater amounts than preferred stock. (II) The total volume of stock issued ismuch less than the volume of bonds issued.(a)(I) is true, (II) false. (b)(I) is false, (II) true. (c)Both are true. (d) Both are false.Answer: C6. The riskiest capital market security is(a) preferred stock.(b) common stock.(c) corporate bonds.(d) Treasury bonds.Answer: B7. Organized exchanges account for about stock sharestraded.(a)30 (b)45 (c)60 (d) 70 Answer: D8. Organized exchanges account for about stocks traded.(a) 60(b) 70(c) 80(d) 90Answer: B9. (I) The largest of the organized stock exchanges in the United States is the New York StockExchange. (II) To be listed on the NYSE, a firm must have a minimum of $100 million dollars in market value or $10 million in revenues.(a) (I) is true, (II) false.(b) (I) is false, (II) true.(c) Both are true.(d) Both are false.Answer: A10. To list on the NYSE, a firm must(a) have earnings of at least $100 million for each of the last three years.(b) have at least $500 million of market value and $100 million of revenue.(c) have a total of $100 million in market value of publicly traded shares.(d) meet all of the above requirements.(e) meet (a) and (b) of the above requirements.Answer: E欢迎下载 136percent of the total dollar volume of domesticpercent of the total dollar volume of domestic11. Securities not listed on one of the exchanges trade in the over-the-counter market. In this exchange, dealers “makea market ” by(a) buying stocks for inventory when investors want to sell.(b) selling stocks from inventory when investors want to buy.(c) doing both of the above.(d) doing neither of the above. Answer: C12. The most active stock exchange in the world is the(a) Nikkei Stock Exchange.(b) London Stock Exchange.(c) Shanghai Stock Exchange.(d) New York Stock Exchange. Answer: A13. Which of the following statements about trading operations in an organized exchange are correct?(a) Floor traders all deal in a wide variety of stocks.(b) In most trades, specialists match buy and sell orders.(c) In most trades, specialists buy for or sell from their own inventories.(d) The SuperDOT system is used to expedite large trades of over 100,000 shares. Answer: B14. Which of the following is not an advantage of Electronic Communications Networks (ECNs)?(a) All unfilled orders are available for review by ECN traders.(b) Transactions costs are lower for ECN trades.(c) Trades are made and confirmed faster.(d) ECNs work well for thinly traded stocks. Answer: D15. Which of the following statements is false regarding Electronic Communications Networks (ECNs)?(a) Archipelago and Instinet are two examples of ECNs.(b) Competition from ECNs has forced NASDAQ to cut its fees.(c) Traders benefit from lower trading costs and faster service.(d) ECNs allow institutional investors, but not individuals, to trade after hours. Answer: D16. A basic principle of finance is that the value of any investment is(a) the present value of all future net cash flows generated by the investment.(b) the undiscounted sum of all future net cash flows generated by the investment.(c) unrelated to the future net cash flows generated by the investment.(d) unrelated to the degree of risk associated with the future net cash flows generated by the investment.Answer: A17. A stock currently sells for $25 per share and pays $0.24 per year in dividends. What is an investor valuation of thisstock if she expects it to be selling for $30 in one year and requires 15 percent return on equity investments?(a) $30.24(b) $26.30(c) $26.09(d) $27.74Answer: B18. A stock currently sells for $30 per share and pays $1.00 per year in dividends. What is an investor valuation of thisstock if he expects it to be selling for $37 in one year and requires 12 percent return on equity investments?(a) $38(b) $33.50(c) $34.50(d) $33.93Answer: D19. In the one-period valuation model, a stock 's value will be higher(a) the higher is its expected future price.(b) the lower is its dividend.(c) the higher is the required return on investments in equity.(d) all of the above.Answer: A20. In the one-period valuation model, a stock 's value falls if the ___________ rises.(a) dividend(b) expected future price(c) required return on equity(d) current priceAnswer: C21. In the generalized dividend valuation model a stock ' s value depend only on(a) its future dividend payments and its future price.(b) its future dividend payments and the required return on equity.(c) its future price and the required return on investments on equity.(d) its future dividend payments.Answer: B22. Which of the following is not an element of the Gordon growth model of stock valuation?(a) the stock 's most recent dividend paid.(b) the expected constant growth rate of dividends.(c) the required return on investments in equity.(d) the stock 's expected future price.Answer: D23. According to the Gordon growth model, what is an investor 's valuation of a stock whose currdividend is $1.00 per year if dividends are expected to grow at a constant rate of 10 percent over a long period of time and the investor 's required return is 11 percent?(a) $110(b) $100(c) $11(d) $10(e) $5.24Answer: A24. According to the Gordon growth model, wha t is an investor 's valuation of a stock whose currentdividend is $1.00 per year if dividends are expected to grow at a constant rate of 10 percent over a long period of time and the investor 's required return is 15 percent?(a)$20 (b)$11 (c)$22 (d)$7.33 (e) $4.40Answer: C28. Suppose the average industry PE ratio for auto parts retailers is 20. What is the current price of Auto Zone stock ifthe retailer ' s earnings per share are projected to be $1.85?(a) $21.85(b) $37(c) $10.81(d) $9.25 Answer: B29.Which of the following is true regarding the Gordon growth model?(a) Dividends are assumed to grow at a constant rate forever.(b) The dividend growth rate is assumed to be greater than the required return on equity.25. Holding other things constant, a stock(a) 15 percent(b) 10 percent(c) 5 percent(d) 2 percentAnswer: As value will be highest if its dividend growth rate is 26. Holding other things constant, a stock(a) $2.00(b) $5.00(c) $0.50(d) $1.00Answer: B27. Holding other things constant, a stockinvestments in equity is(a) 20 percent(b) 15 percent(c) 10 percent(d) 5 percentAnswer: Ds valueiwf iitlsl bmeohsitgrheecsetnt dividend is s value will be highest if the investor 's r(c) Both (a) and (b).(d) Neither (a) nor (b). Answer: A30. The PE ratio approach to valuing stock is especially useful for valuing(a) privately held firms.(b) firms that don 't pay dividends.(c) both (a) and (b).(d) neither (a) nor (b). Answer: C31. The PE ratio approach to valuing stock is especially useful for valuing(a) publicly held corporations.(b) firms that regularly pay dividends.(c) both (a) and (b).(d) neither (a) nor (b). Answer: D32. A weakness of the PE approach to valuing stock is that it is(a) difficult to estima te the constant growth rate of a firm ' s dividends.(b) difficult to estimate the required return on equity.(c) difficult to predict how much a firm will pay in dividends.(d) based on industry averages rather than firm-specific factors. Answer: D33. A firm is expected to pay a dividend of $1.00 next year and the dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 4percent over time. Some investors have required returns on investments in equity of 12 percent, some 10 percent, and some 8 percent. The marketprice of this firm 's stock will beslightly above(a) $25(b) $18(c) $16.67(d) $12.50Answer: C34. (I) The market price of a security at a given time is the highest value any investor puts on the security. (II)Superior information about a security increases its value by reducing its risk.(a) (I) is true, (II) is false.(b) (I) is false, (II) is true.(c) Both are true.(d) Both are false. Answer: B35. The main cause of fluctuations in stock prices is changes in(a) tax laws.(b) errors in technical stock analysis.(c) daily trading volume in stock markets.(d) information available to investors.(e) total household wealth in the economy. Answer: D36. Stock values computed by valuation models may differ from actual market prices because it is difficult to(a) estimate future dividend growth rates.(b) estimate the risk of a stock.(c) forecast a stock 's future dividends.(d) all of the above are true. Answer: D37. The 2001 terrorist attacks and the Enron financial scandal caused anticipated dividend growth to ___ ,investors ' required return on equity to ________________________ , and stock prices to _________(a) decreases; increase; decrease(b) decrease; increase; increase(c) increase; decrease; decrease(d) increase; decrease; increaseAnswer: A38. Which of the following is not an objective of the Securities and Exchange Commission?(a) maintain integrity of the securities markets(b) advise investors about which particular stocks are good buys(c) require firms to provide specific information to investors(d) regulate major participants in securities markets Answer: BTrue/False1. More stock trading in the U.S. occurs in over-the-counter markets rather than on organizedexchanges. Answer: FALSE2. In over-the-counter markets, dealers increases the liquidity of thinly traded securities.Answer: TRUE3. Electronic Communications Networks apply technology to make organized exchanges moreefficient and speedy.Answer: FALSE4. All stocks pay dividends, as that is the only way an investor can profit from holding stock.Answer: FALSE5. Common stock is the riskiest corporate security, followed by preferred stock and then bonds. Answer: TRUE6. The Enron financial scandal increased uncertainty about the quality of accounting information andas a result increased required return on investment in stocks. Answer: TRUE7. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is the broadest and best indicator of the stock marketday-to-day performance. Answer: FALSE8. The Securities and Exchange Commission requires firms to submit various documents to increasethe flow of information to investors but does not verify the accuracy of that information. Answer: TRUE9. About half of new equity issues are preferred stock.Answer: FALSE10. A stock 's market value will be higher the highesriits expected dividend stream. Answer: TRUE11. The Gordon growth model assumes that a stock ' s dividend grows at a constant rate forever.Answer: TRUE12. A stock 's market value will be higher the higher is the investor 's required rate of return.Answer: FALSEEssay1. How do corporate stocks differ from bonds?2. How do common stocks differ from preferred stock?3. How do over-the-counter markets differ from organized exchanges?4. What is the role of specialists on a stock exchange?5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Electronic Communications Networks (ECNs) fortrading stocks?6. What is the role of the required return on equity investments in stock valuation models?7. Using the Gordon growth model, explain why the 2001 terorist attacks and the Enron financialscandal caused stock prices to decline.8. What are American Depository Receipts (ADRs)?9. What are the objectives of the Securities and Exchange Commission?。