(完整版)英语四级考试常见易混淆近义词
大学英语四级考试易混淆近义词总结
大学英语四级考试易混淆近义词总结1. accomplish vt. 完成achieve vt. 获得(成就)attain vt. 达到(目标)2. accordingly adv. (自然而平常的因果)于是,据此consequently adv. (未必必然之)结果,因此(=as a result) hence adv. (为强调前因之)因而,所以,这样(thus) therefore adv. (作为必然结果/结论)因此(because of this)3. accurate adj. (话、计算等)准确,精确的exact adj. (数字、细节)与事实/标准相符的,确切的precise adj. 精确严密的,严谨无误的4. accuse v. 控告(~sb. of…)charge v. 控告(~sb . with…)scold v. 责备(~sb. for…)sentence v. 判处徒刑(~sb. for…)5. acknowledge v. 公开承认(本来否认之事)~ a secret admit v. 不情愿、被迫承认(真实性)~ a statement confess v. 认错,招供 ~ (to); ~ a crime6. accomplish vt. 完成achieve vt. 获得attain vt. 达到7. accordingly adv. 于是,据此consequently adv. 结果,因此hence adv. 因而,所以,这样therefore adv. 因此8. accurate adj. 准确,精确的exact adj. 与事实/标准相符的,确切的precise adj. 精确严密的,严谨无误的9. accuse v. 控告charge v. 控告scold v. 责备sentence v. 判处徒刑10. acknowledge v. 公开承认~ a secretadmit v. 不情愿、被迫承认~ a statementconfess v. 认错,招供 ~ ; ~ a crime。
英语专业四级考试——50组近义词辨析
英语专业四级考试——50组近义词辨析在学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。
语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分；语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分；文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。
1.路way: Wherever there is room for an object to proceed, there is a way.road: A road is a prepared way for traveling with horses or vehicles.path: A way suitable to be traveled only by foot passengers or by animals.route: A route is a line of travel, and may be over many roads.street: A street is in some centre of habitation, as a city town or village, when it passes between houses of dwellings.avenue: A avenue is a long, broad and imposing(庄严) or principal street.2.时代(期) (时期)period: It indicates any passage of time, great or small. /an extent of time of any length. ( 时代)time(s): It refers to a period in history. in ancient times/ in Victoria time ( 新时代) epoch: It indicates a long period of time marked by events or development of a particular kind.The first flight into space marked a new epoch in the history of mankind. (纪元)era: It refers to a very long period of time marked by a particular feature in a great new era of world revolution ( 时期)age: It shows a particular /a fairly definite period in history. the Bronze Age, Iron Age3.战斗(打仗)fight: It is a bodily struggle ( 奋斗斗争)struggle: An effort of any kind to overcome difficulty. ( 战斗)battle: A fight between armed forces. ( 战役)campaign: A series of related military operations in a war. ( 战争)war: A period of fight between countries or states when weapons are used and many people are killed.( 对抗)combat: A fight, conflict, controversy.4.牧师(教士牧师) #priest: A person, esp. a man specially trained for various religious duties and ceremonies, in the Christian church, esp. in the Roman Catholic church ( 牧师)minister: A member of clergy, esp. Protestant churches. ( 牧师)clergy(pl): The officially appointed leader of the religious activities of a particular church or temple.clergyman: clergymen(pl) a member of clergy. ( 牧师)pastor: A Christian religious leader in charge of a church and its members, esp. in a Protestant church. ( 教区牧师)vicar: A priest in charge of an area(parish) in the church of England.father: A little of respect for a priest, esp. in the Roman Catholic.5.服装clothing(collect): (fml) General term of clothes.clothes(no single): Coverings of the body such as coats, dresses, suits, shoes, hats.garment(fl): A suit of clothes used by actors./a single article of clothing.costume: 1) The fashion of dress peculiar to a people, nation, class, period, etc.2) A dress worn by actors in a play. uniform: worn by all members of the community.dress: 1) A kind of outer garment worn by women ( 连衣裙).2) worn on special occasions (礼服) evening dress/ morning dresssuit: A set of outer clothes to be worn together. evening suit/swimming suitcoat: A garment with sleeves worn on top of other clothes from rain, heat, etc.overcoat: A warn coat worn in the street.6.哭cry: The most general one.(哭泣) weep: To let flow tears.(抽泣抽嗒) sob: To weep or sigh with short quick breaths.(哭天抹泪涕泪交流) snivel: To sniffle and cry in a irritating manner.(哭嚎又哭又闹) blubber: To cry loudly noisily.(发出低声报怨声) whine: To make a low complaining cry.(嚎哭) bawl: To utter loud cries (always in bad sense).(痛哭) wail: To cry aloud from pain or sorrow.(呻吟) moan: To make a low, miserable sound in pain or sorrow.(呻吟) grown: To make a low sound of pain, unhappiness or disapproval(哀悼) mourn: To feel or show sadness or sorrow for someone who has died.(哀悼) lament: To express great sorrow or regret.7.美丽漂亮good-looking: Having an attractive appearance in a strong, healthy way used for men and women not things.beautiful: ( a woman or a thing) Suggesting symmetry of features or perfection of proportion, elegance and mobility. beautiful flowers, a beautiful girl/voice/city/face beautiful weather.handsome: Of attractive appearance applies to men. a handsomefellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man.pretty: (a girl, or a small thing) Suggesting liveliness and sweetness, pleasing or nice to look at. a pretty little woman/garden, a pretty girl/ picture/piece of music,lovely: (something) So beautiful that it makes you feel good to look at it or even to think about it. The garden looks lovely.fair: Beautiful( of woman in poet) light in color esp., skin hair.gorgeous: (persons or things) (inf) Extremely beautiful or handsome.8.拉拖pull: The most general one.draw: It implies a smoother, steadier motion and generally a lighter force than pull.drag: It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline (slope) and it suggests laborious efforts over rough ground or against friction, resistance or gravity. The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place.haul: It implies continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or bulky objects. The fisherman is hauling a net.tug: It applies to hard often sudden violent effort to pull. He tugged at my sleeve to ask directions.jerk: To pull suddenly. He jerked out the knife that was stuck in the wound.tow: To pull by a rope or chain. We towed the car to the nearest garage.wrench: To pull hard with a twisting or turning movement.9.旋转turn: The most general one.( 自转) spin:To turn quickly around a central point. It emphasizes the continuity of the action, and usually the narrow extent of the circular motion. The wheel is spinning on its axis.( 急转) whirl:To round very fast. It implies the lock of conscious control.(转动) rotate: To turn round a fixed point with a circular movement. The earth rotates once every 24 hours.(绕转) revolve:To turn or move in a circle around a central point. It indicates circular or elliptical (椭圆) movement. The planets revolve around the sun.10.生气气愤anger: The most general one.(易怒) be cross:Feeling easy to get angry.(愤慨) indignation:(fml) Anger. It stresses righteous anger at what one considers unfair, mean or shameful.We expressed our indignation at the ruthless exploitation.(愤怒) wrath:Very treat anger. (literary) It suggests a desire on intent to revenge or punish.(狂怒) rage: Wild, violent anger. It suggests loss of self- control from violence of emotion. in a rage /to fall into a rage.(暴怒) fury: Violent, extreme and destructive anger. She flew into a fury.11.错误(误会) mistake: A wrong thought, act. It implies carelessness. Anyone can make a mistake.(过错弱点) fault: A bad point, but not of a serious moral kind. It refers to behavior and character. His only fault is that he lacks ambition.find fault with sb / at faultshortcoming: weakness, failing ; It refers to failures or deficiencies in things as well as people.In spite of all her shortcomings I still think she's one of the best teachers in the school.(疏忽) error: A mistake (formal sometimes literary) It implies deviation from a standard or modelThe accident was caused by human error.(缺点毛病) defect: sth lacking or imperfect. It refers to quality.The radio was returned because of a defect.(失误过失) blunder: A very stupid or unnecessary mistake. It implies ignorance.This is the fatal blunder of his life.12.图画picture: The most general one.(彩图) painting: pictures with color.(绘画图画) drawing: A picture made with a pen, pencil and crayon. Sketch, diagrams and graphs are all drawings.(草图) sketch: A rough not detailed drawing.(图解图表) diagram: A drawing, figure that shows the arrangement of something.(曲线图) graph:A diagram in which a straight line, curved, or zigzag line shows how two sets of numbers or measurements are related.(插图) illustration: A picture to go with words of a book.(图样草图) draft: The first rough written form of anything.(平面图) plan:A line drawing of a building as it might been seen from above.(主视图) elevation:A flat upright side of a building.(海图) chart: A map esp. a detailed map of a sea area.13.特别(专门的,与众不同的) special:Different in some way from what is common, ordinary, or usual. It stresses having a quality, character, identity, or use of its own. The tube contains special gases.(特别的) especial:(fml) To an usually great degree, exceptional; It emphasizes the importance of the things or thepersons mentioned; This is a matter of especial importance. (个别的) particular:Relating or belonging to only one thing or person. It stresses the distinctness of something as anindividual which is worth notice. In that particular case, the rule doesn't hold.(适用)(特种的) specific:Detailed and exact, clear in meaning and explanation, fixed, determined.(used in scientificarticles) It implies a quality or character distinguishing a kind or a species.He gave me a very specific instruction. There is a specific tool for each job.(独特的) peculiar: Strange or perhaps unpleasant. It implies strangeness. He has a peculiar way of speaking.14.取消消灭(取消解除) cancel:To give up, to declare something is to be effective. He has cancelled his leave of absence.(消假)(废除废止) abolish:To do away with. It refers to practices, social institutions. Bad customs should be abolished.(消灭排除) eliminate:To get rid of. We should eliminate the false and retain the true. (撤消废除) repeal: To bring to an end of the effect of a law or an order. Some laws should be repealed.(根除消灭) exterminate:To destroy completely and wholly. Colonialism must be exterminated.15.破碎break: The most general one.(压碎压破) crush: To press together violently as to break, to destroy its shape by squeezing it. It suggests the effect of great external pressure. The tree fell on top of the car and crushed it.(打碎) smash: To break thoroughly to pieces with a crushing sound. She dropped the plate and smashed it.(打裂) crack:To break without separation of parts. It suggests the breaking out across a surface. He cracked the window by leaning against it.(破裂) burst:To break open by pressure from within. The fireworks burst while they were in the air.(砸碎破碎) shatter: To break into pieces. It suggests the breaking up of a thin surface. The glass was shattered to pieces.(撞坏) crash: To refer to the vehicle which hits something and is badly damaged.16.环境形势(环境形势) conditions:The location and other factors likely to affect it. It suggests something that has stayed the same for some time and which affects daily life such as food, work, and houses. We are now studying the economic conditions in the developing countries. (形势) situation: A position or state at a particular time, set of conditions, facts, and events having an effect on a person, society, etc. It suggests more general matters such as government planning and finance. The political situation in these countries are always changing.(环境周围外界) environment: The circumstances, things and conditions that influence you. It refers to spirit aspect, physical aspect and material aspect. We must try to beautify our environment.(形势情况) circumstance(s): A situation or event around us, a certain kind of atmosphere, the conditions that affect what happens. in (under) the circumstances(环境周围事物) surrounding(s): The area and environment around a place or person. It indicates a very narrow condition, "physically" sometimes reflects spiritual aspect. They lived in hostile surroundings.17.著名的well-known: (infl)famous: The most general one. widely known or honored.(杰出的知名的) distinguished: Great, outstanding marked by excellent quality or deserved fame, used especially of people who are famous for serious work in science, the arts etc. He was a distinguished writer.(驰名的) celebrated: Famous, (substitute for renowned) It refers objectively to sb or something that has been give acclaim or honoured with awards or prizes. She was a celebrated actress.renowned: Highly honored and famous for something good. often refers to places or things, also It suggests something that has become legendary or is no longer available for an objective evaluation. Edison was renowned for his inventions.noted: Well-known and admired It often describes a more intellectual kind of effort and accomplishment indicating an authority or expert or their theories. Maybe it is not widely known to the general public. He was a very noted expert.(臭名昭著) notorious:Famous for something bad. He is notorious for his crimes.18.强盗thief: The most general one.(强盗) robber:It suggests a direct confrontation in which the owner is forced to give up his valuables.(行凶强劫) mugger: A person who attacks and robs people in a street or in a lift. burglar: A person who breaks into a house at night to steal something.(歹徒暴徒) gangster: A member of a group of criminals, esp. those who are armed and use guns to threaten.(匪徒) bandit: an armed robber. It suggests an organized group in a rural setting.(土匪) brigand: A robber who lives by robbing travelers in the country.(海盗) pirate: A person who robs on the sea.19.摇动,颤动shake: The most general one. to move up and down or back and forth. It refers to persons or things.(发抖) quiver:To tremble a little. It suggests a rapid but invisible vibration. His lips quivered with emotion.(颤抖) tremble: To shake uncontrollably and slightly as from fear, cold, excitement etc. It implies uneasiness and nervousness. Her voice trembled as she began to sing.(瞬间发抖) shiver: To tremble from fear or cold. It suggests a slight and rapid movement. He stood shivering in the snow.(极度颤动) quake: to shake or tremble violently. It suggests a more violent and sudden change. He quaked with excitement. An explosion cam make the ground quake.(抽筋般颤动) shudder:To shake uncontrollably for a movement. It suggests a more intense shaking. She shuddered at the sight of a snake.20.说话谈话(说话) speak: To use your voice to say words.(说) say:To speak words.(发出声音) utter: To make sound and say words.drawl: To speak in a slow, prolonged manner.mutter: To express displeasure with compressed lips.rave: To talk in an angry, uncontrolled way.gabble: To talk rapidly, making inarticulate sounds.(谈论) remark:To mention it or comment on it.(陈述) state:To say, express or put into words, esp. formally. He stated his view.(讲述) narrate: To tell formally in writing or speech or describe something in order with intonation. He narrated his adventure in the forest.(详述) relate:To tell formally in details, to give an account of. He related his experiences. (讲演) address:To say in speech or writing to a person or group.tell: To let people know about something.talk: To say things to someone.converse: To talk formally. The scholars are conversing with each other on linguistics. chat: To talk in a friendly, familiar, informal manner. The two friends sat in a corner and chatted.chatter: To talk continuously rapidly about small things. The schoolgirls went along chattering.whisper: To talk in a low voice. She whispered me not to talk so loudly.murmur: To make a soft sound, esp. to speak or say in a quiet voice. He often murmurs to himself.(闲谈) gossip: To talk about the details of other people's actions and private lives which may not correct or proper. That woman is very fond of gossiping about others. stammer: To speak with pauses and repeated sounds because of excitement, embarrassment. stutter: To speak with pauses and repeated sounds because of inherent speech defect.21.事情,事件(事) thing:An event, a fact, a subject. He talked of many interesting things.(事情) matter:Seth that you have to deal with, something to be discussed, thought over. There are several matters to be dealt with at the meeting.(事务责任) business:A special duty, something that has to be done. Public business is every one's business.(事务) affair: An event or set of connected events. (pl) private and personal life. I have many affairs to look after.(事件) event:An important happening. Events such as birthdays and anniversaries are often celebrated. Do you know the chief events of 1986.incident: Not as important as an event. Incidents seldom are celebrated. Sometimes an event becomes an incident after many years have passed.(偶然事件) happening:An occurrence, and sometimes an unusual one. There have been strange happenings here lately.(偶发事件) occurrence: An incident that is usually unexpected and has not been planned ahead of time. Flood is practically an annual occurrence in this district.22.承认admit: To agree to the truth of, usu, something bad. It suggests reluctance or possible objection. He admitted his crime/stealing.(自白供认) confess:To admit guilt as to a crime or as to a shortcoming, in the sense of making known to others one's own error or wrong doing. He confessed his fault/doing something wrong.acknowledge: to agree the truth of, recognize the fact or existence of what have said or done, good or bad. It emphasizes openly in a embarrassing or awkward and usually not voluntary way. I acknowledged my signature/mistakes/errors/having been defeated.grant: To admit or to agree something is true. I granted his request/his honesty. take sth/sb for granted.concede: To admit as true, just or proper often unwillingly because of overwhelming evidence. I conceded you that point, but I still think you are wrong.recognize: To accept or acknowledge it. It refers to something about law and diplomacy. The new regime was recognized by China.23.走路walk: The most general one.stride: To walk with long steps. He strode through the station a few minutes before the train left.(高视阔步) stalk: To walk stiffly, slowly, and proudly with long steps.trot: To jog, move quickly, usu refers to horses.(蹒跚而行) waddle: To walk from side to side with short steps like a duck. The fat man waddled out of the room.(蹒跚) stagger:To walk unsteadily, slide and drag the feet almost falling at each step, usually because of illness, injury or drink. After drinking too much, he staggered in the street.(摇摆蹒跚) totter:To walk unsteadily showing great weakness often used of very young children learning to walk. The child tottered before his parents.(拖着脚走) shuffle: To move without lifting the feet clear of the floor as if wearing slippers. The old man shuffled along the road.(趾高气扬地走) strut: To walk in a proud strong way, esp. with the chest out and trying to look important.(慢行) amble:To walk at an easy gentle rate. It stresses a leisurely but regular movement. (闲逛) stroll:To walk, esp. slowly, for pleasure. It emphasizes a slower movement, more wandering and aimless with suggestions of many starts and pauses. They are strolling through this park.saunter: A little more formal than stroll.(漫步徘徊) wander:To move about without a fixed course, aim, or purpose. He was wandering about/down/through/up and down the street.(漫游) roam:To wander with as very clear aim. It suggests a more serious purpose behind the irregular of circular movement in complete forgetfulness of time. The lovers roamed around/through the fields.(跋涉) trudge: To walk heavily and wearily with effort as when one (plod) is tired. The hunter was trudging through the deep snow.(重步行走) tramp:To walk with firm heavy steps. Who has been tramping all over the carpet in muddy shoes.(扭扭捏捏地走) mince: To walk with little short steps in an affected manner. It was a funny sight to see her mince along.slouch: To walk in a loose, ungainly ( 不雅观) way.hustle: To walk in a busy, active way.24.跳jump: The most general one. to throw oneself into the air.(跳起) leap: (literary) To spring through the air, often landing in a different place. The boy leaped over the brook without difficulty.(跳跃) spring: To leap suddenly and quickly. He sprang to his feet at the sudden noise. (跳着跑) bound:To spring lightly along. It suggests high spirits and excitement. His dog bounded to meet me.(轻快地跑) skip:To move in a slight dancing way, as with quick steps and jumps. The little girl skipped at her mother's side.hop: To jump on one leg. The boy had hurt his leg and had to hop along.vault: To leap over something using the hands or a pole. You can vault a fence by putting your hands on it and swinging yourself over.hurdle: To jump over some thing while running. The horse hurdled the fence and ran into the woods.25.特点特征quality: The most general one.(特点) characteristic: Quality typical of a particular person and thing, a special and easily recognized quality of sb/sth. It has many scientific or technical uses. It implies neutral description in referring to any aspect of something without evaluating its relative importance to the whole. A useful characteristic of the cat is its ability to catch and kill mice. (特征) character: The combination of qualities which make a particular person, thing, place, etc. A tendency not to show emotions is supposed to be part of the British national character.(性质) nature:The qualities make someone or something different from others. It indicates the widest range of traits, including emotional, mental and physical qualities. It is only human nature to like money.(特征) attribute: A quality belonging to or forming part of the mature of a person or thing. The word is positive rather than negative. Darkness is an attribute of night.(特性) peculiarity:The quality of being peculiar, strangeness, unusualness. It shows an unpleasant attribute that is quite noticeable. One of his peculiarities is that his two eyes are not the same size.(特色) feature:A typical and noticeable part or quality. It suggests something positive and specifically. It refers to physical appearance. A lake is an important feature in this area. (品质特性) trait:A particular quality of sb/sth. It refers to more abstract attributes. Honesty and diligence are the chief traits of his character.(个性) personality: The whole nature or character of a particular person. It refers to the whole indefinable emotional coloration that a specific person gives off. He has a strong personality.26.增加increase: To make or become larger in amount or number. it refers to quantity or intensity as well as size. The population of this county has increased.add: To put together with something else so as to increase the number size, importance. He added some wood to increase the fire.(扩大) enlarge: To grown larger or wider. I want to enlarge this photograph/house.(放大) magnify:To make something appear larger than in reality, esp. by means of a lens. You have magnified the peril.(扩充) amplify: To make large or fuller, esp. give fuller information, more details etc. to amplify a radio signal/sound.augment: (fml) To become larger or greater. It emphasizes the action of addition. He augmented his income by writing some short stories.(扩展扩张) expand: To increase in range scope or volume as well as in size. Iron expands when it is heated.(加长) extend: To make longer in space or time, to extend a railway. Can't you extend your visit for a few days.27.笑(微笑) smile:The corners of your mouth move outwards and slightly upwards. He smiles his consent./with satisfaction.(大笑) laugh:To make a noise to show one's amusement and happiness. You can laugh at a joke or at an amusing sight. You can laugh at someone without being amused. They all laughed loudly.(露齿而笑) grin: To smile with the teeth. The boy grinned from ear to ear when I gave him a sweet.(暗笑含笑) chuckle: To laugh quietly. I could hear him chuckling to himself as he read that funny article.(咯咯笑) giggle: To laugh repeatedly foolishly and uncontrollably, esp. by girls. I heard them giggle when I passed by the girls.(窃笑暗笑) snicker: To laugh in a disrespectful more or less secret way. On hearing his absurd opinion, I went snickering.(假笑痴笑) simper:To smile in a silly unnatural way. When I told him the thing, he simply simpered.(得意的笑) smirk: To smile in a false or too satisfied way. He smirked at everyone that passed.(窃笑) titter:To laugh very quietly from nervousness or badly controlled amusement. The girls tittered when they heard this.(狂笑) guffaw: To laugh loudly and rudely. All the people guffawed at his silly words. (哄笑) roar:To laugh long and loudly. They roared after they heard the joke.(欢笑) chortle: To give a laugh of pleasure or satisfaction. He chortled with delight when I told him the news.(笑骂) taunt:To try to make sb angry, or upset by making unkind remarks, laughing at faults or failures. They taunted her with her inability to swim.(嘲笑嘲弄) ridicule: To laugh unkindly at or to make unkind fun of. They all ridiculed the idea.(讥笑) deride: To laugh at or make fun of as of no value. /to mock at someone with contempt They all derided his foolishness.(嘲弄) mock:To laugh at sb(sth) when it is wrong to do so, esp. by copying in a funny or contemptuous way. The students mocked the seriousness of his expression.twit: (infl) To make fun of sb because of behavior, a mistake, a fault, etc. He twitted her with her timidity.(嘲笑轻蔑地笑) scoff: To laugh at, to speak or act disrespectfully. /To speak in scornful mocking way. It was a great invention but at first many people scoffed at it.(戏弄) chaff: (infl) To make fun of sb in a good-humored way. He chaffed the man about his mistakes in speaking English.(讥笑) jeer: To laugh rudely at /to insult sb in a loud, unpleasant way. They always jeer at the priests.gibe(jibe): To laugh at with the intention of hurting the feeling with sarcastic remarks. Don't gibe at her behavior until you know the reason for it.(讥笑冷笑) sneer:To express proud dislike by a kind of usu, one- side smile or to show scorn or contempt by looks. She sneered at the furniture in his neighbor's home.joke: To make fun of. You mustn't joke with him about religion.(取笑) jest: To act or speak playful, not seriously. Don't jest about serious things.(戏弄) banter: To speak, or act playfully or jokingly. We bantered him on the subject of marriage.(轻视) scorn: To look down upon.28.疯mad: Showing that one has amanita illness which often causes them to behave in strange way.crazy: (infl) Very strange or foolish.psychotic: The most precise one. used by psychiatrists.insane: Not sound in mind. Used in scientific articles.lunatic: (old derog) wildly foolish.demented: It indicates sb's mentality has degenerated from a precious level.maniac: (n) A mad person who is violent and dangerous.29.味道smell: The most general one. It refers to something pleasant or unpleasant.odo(u)r: (fml) More used in scientific articles.fragrance: A sweet or pleasant smell. It refers to flowers and stresses a delicate smell from plants. Those roses have a delightful fragrance.scent: A smell esp. left by an animals, an pleasant smell. Our dog lost the fox's scent. perfume: A sweet or pleasant smell. It refers to either natural smell or a man-made smell and stresses a strong and rich smell compared with fragrancearoma: A strong usu pleasant smell, often a spicy smell.flavor: The particular quality of tasting good or pleasantly strong. The bread hasn't much flavor.savor: The smell of food by the processes of cooking. The meat had cooked too long and lost its savor.stink: A strong unpleasant smell. the stink of sweaty feet.stench: A very strong unpleasant smell.30.怕fear: The feeling that one has when danger is near.(可怕) dread: A great fear esp. of some harm to come. It suggests fear of facing whatever is coming. Usually dread also means loss of courage. Illness is the great dread of his life. (畏惧) fright:The feeling or experience of fear. sudden great fear. I nearly died of fright at the sight of escaped lion.(恐慌) alarm:Sudden fear and anxiety as caused by the possibility of danger and excitement caused by fear of danger. The news caused great alarm.(恐惧) terror:Extreme and intense fear. The people ran from the enemy in terror.(恐怖战栗) horror:A feeling of great shock, fear and dislike. I cried out in horror as I saw the man killed.(惊恐万状) panic:Sudden uncontrollable quickly-spreading fear or terror, which results in unreasonable and frantic activity. When I realized the situation I got into a panic.(敬畏) awe: A feeling respect mixed with fear and wonder. He always stands in awe of his father.31.闪光shine: The most general one.(闪耀) glitter: To shine brightly with flashing points of light. All that glitters is not gold. (发火花) sparkle:To shine in small flashes. It suggests uneven, bright flashes reflected from light-catching objects. We can see a diamond sparkling in the sunlight.(闪光) flash: To give out a sudden and monetary bright ray of light/ To shine suddenly for a moment.(闪耀) glisten: To shine from or as if from a wet surface. His hair glistened with oil. The wet road glistened.(闪烁) gleam: To send out a bright light moderately, mildly not violently. A cat's eye gleamed in the dark. The lantern gleamed.(冒火花) spark: To send out small bits of fire. He was so angry that his eyes sparked furiously.。
英语四级近义词辨析
近义词：pierce 猛戳、猛插入、猛刺入fierce 激烈的、猛烈的fierce competitionstrained 紧崩的、拉紧的be critical of 对...进行批评、挑剔errors = mistakes/sth. done wronglysteamed bread 馒头fault 错（指人的性格、行为或习惯上的缺点）shortcomings - （反）merits 指在学校中老师作评语时给出的优缺点flaw 指物体或材料上的瑕疵rise和arise都是不及物动词。
raise vt. 提高、提升；饲养、抚养raise the flagraise childrenraise pigsrise 指太阳、旗帜、水位等的上升（具体概念）arise 指抽象概念的一种出现artificial false unnatural unrealartificial 人造的、人为的e.g. artificial legleather 皮革e.g. artificial leatherunnatural 形容人的行为举止不自然；不正常的e.g. a bird of unnatural sizefalse 假的（具有欺骗性的）e.g. false passportfalse hairfalse teethunreal 虚幻的e.g. unreal worldgive present promise grant credit entitle give sb. sth./give sth. to sb.e.g. give me a book/give a book to megrant sb. sth. 正式的授予e.g. He granted me one mao. （错）grant 资助take sth. for granted 把...看作是理所当然entitleentitle sb. to do sth./entitle sb. to sth.credit 学分credit card 信用卡credit A to B 把A归咎于Be.g. credit the car accident to the driver's carelessnesspresent 赠与、给与e.g. present withpromisepromise to dopromise sb. sth.e.g. give me a bookI was given a book.A book was given to me.mild light slight tendermild 温柔的= gentle；吃的东西不辣的spicy 麻辣soft 柔软的e.g. soft drink - hard drinkslight 轻微的、少许的e.g. A slightest change of the schedule may affect everyone. simplest 最最简单的slightest 最轻微的、最少许的leastat least 至少light - （反）heavylight 清淡的、容易消化的tendertend + to 趋向于tender （肉）嫩的laziness idleness povertylaziness - lazy 懒惰poverty - poor 贫穷、穷困inability 无能力idleness 游手好闲idle 闲置（的）e.g. idle capital 闲置资本idle away some time 虚度光阴kill time 消磨时间nuisance worry trouble anxietynuisance 指具体的令人讨厌的东西trouble 指代的是一种problemworry和anxiety都是永陪词汇crash clash smash ash wreck accident spot pollute staincrash 表示飞机的失事wreck 轮船的失事accident 汽车的车祸spoil 宠坏、惯坏injure 在事故中受伤wound （刀、枪等）伤hurt (感情、情感的)伤e.g. You hurt my feelings.My leg hurt.hurt oneself 自残spot 使...有污点；污点、污迹（点状）e.g. spotted dogchip – chopstain 弄脏、染色（片状污迹）debate consult dispute bargaindebate 辩论consult 咨询consultant 顾问dispute 反驳beyond dispute 无可争辩bargain+ with sb. 与某人讨价还价+ about sth. 就...讨价还价答案：Dvalid vain vacant empty vague hollow bare blank valid 具有法律效力的vacant没人占用而空暂时没有充满而空（反）occupiedempty 空空如也的，什么也没有vainin vain 徒劳，白费力气blank 因为没写字而空hollow 中空的、空心的- （反）solidbare 光秃秃的（一般形容土地）bald答案：D动词和动词短语1、turnturn down 将音量关小；拒绝turn up 把音量开大；出现turn out 结果是、证明；生产turn over 移交、转交（没有方向性）turn to 求助于；参考turn in 交给、上交turn on 打开（电视机）look out = be carefultake care 当心、小心make out1、= understand 理解、领悟2、= hard to recognize 费力的辨认出3、开具支票make out a checkgo over1、复习2、仔细检查答案：C2、makemake outmake for 朝...走去make off 匆匆地离开某地、逃走make up组成、构成+ 数字/百分比be made up of 组成、构成（被动）补考缓考make it = succeed in doing sth.make up for 弥补、补偿stick to strike at strive to strive forstuck tostick to（介词）坚持e.g. Stick to the end and you will make it.strove forstrive for 为...而努力e.g. Don't strive for perfection.struck atstrike atcurse at 咒骂fire at 冲某人开枪shout at 冲某人大喊struck atstrike at 抨击、批评come up with put up with catch up with keep up with put to rest stand up to = put up with 忍受tolerate/stand/bearcome up with 提出建议、提出想法catch up with和keep up with大多数时可互换catch up with 赶上、追上keep up with 跟上come up against 突然遇到反对、困难等等live up to 按照...形式have a great deal of trouble 做某事遇到麻烦+ (in) doing sth.resist sustain tolerate undergoresiste.g. water resistant 防水resist 抵制、防+ doingsustain 供养undergo 经历、遭受3、taketake after 在外貌，性格等方面与父母相像take apart （将大型机器）分解，拆开take back 收回= withdrawe.g. I'll take back what I said.take down= write/put/set down 记下、写下（将大型机器货物件）分解take effect 生效take effective steps/measures采取有效措施take sth. for granted 把...看作理所当然take in= understand 理解、领悟= absorb 吸收= cheat 欺骗take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞take on承担责任等等= employ 雇佣呈现e.g. Beijing will take on a new look in 2008.take out 抽出、取出、拿出take part in = participate inlay out lay off lay down lay aside lie/lied/lied 说谎lie/lay/lain 躺；位于lay/laid/laid 放置lay out 安装、布置lay off 解雇lay aside 搁置lay down 放弃5、callcall for 要求、需求call in 约请、约进、叫进来call off 取消= cancelcall on= visit号召call out大声叫喊向...挑战call up动员、召集打电话使人想起gogo off离开爆炸断电go after追捕追求 e.g. teenager/guygo along with支持、赞同陪同某人前往go (a)round四处走走（消息等）传开go back on 违背go by时间的流逝遵守、遵循go for去拿、去请袭击适用于go into= investigate 调查、研究谈及、谈论go out熄灭put out （被动）熄灭go over= review 复习仔细检查go through遭受、经历（苦难等）审查pull off pull out pull up pull overpull out使车辆、船等驶出、划出拔出、拔掉pull up 使车辆等停下来pull through 帮助病人恢复知觉pull over 使车辆、船等闪到一边go up 上升、上涨go with陪...一起行事与...协调一致、匹配reakbreak through取得突破型进展突围、突破break away + from 与某人脱离关系e.g. His father decided to break away from his son.break down（机器等）损坏汽车抛锚（谈判等）破裂（人）垮掉break into 破门而入break off 中止、中断break out （火灾、战争、疾病等）爆发e.g. bird flubreak up打碎、粉碎中止、结束givegive away赠送泄露秘密give back 归还give in 屈服、让步= yield togive off 指烟、热、光等的散发、释放give up 放弃= abandongive out = hand out 分发、发给改变change alter transfer vary shift convertalter 强调局部的改变e.g. The trousers should be altered.shift 倒班、换班e.g. day/night shifttransfer 强调位置上的改变transmit 疾病的传播；电视节目的转播exchange 强调两者之间的转换e.g. foreign exchange ratesinterchange 表示一对多e.g. interchange stationremove 去除、除掉+ from答案：Cvary 强调差异性的变化various = all kinds of 各种各样的varied 强调不同的distance scope range boundarydistance 空间距离e.g. Ten miles is a long distance.scope 做某事的余地、处理某事的范围telescope 望远镜boundary 分界线zone 地域、地带gap length distance interval border margin boundary frontier interval 时间或空间上的间隔at intervalsmargin 书两边的空白页border 边界edge边缘刀刃gap 强调地理或情感上的差距generation gaplength/strength形近词attention attraction appointment(date) arrangementattention 注意力pay attention toattraction 吸引力e.g. attracted one's attentionappointment 正式的约会date 男女之间的约会constantly consistently continuously continually gradually unceasingly consequently = thereforecontinuously 连续地（没有间断性）continually 连续地（有间断性，时断时续地）unceasinglygradually = step by step 逐渐地、逐步地constantly 始终如一地、恒定地；总是constant temperatureconstantly 始终如一地、恒定地；总是e.g. He is constantly disturbing me.consistently 一贯地transmit transport transplant transform transfer deliver tradition 传统transplant 移植transport 运输transform 变革transmit 从一个地方送到另一个地方emittransfer 强调位置上的移动prefer prior superior inferior subordinatepreferable 更合适的、更适合的、更喜欢的具有比较意义的形容词：1、不与more、er连用2、不与than连用，只能与to连用superior to - inferior tosecond to e.g. I'm second to none.sensitive toprior to = beforefavorable 有利的proper 恰当的（adv. properly）suitable + for 没有比较级的意思preferable 有..比..更合适的意思considerable 量相当大的considerate 考虑人或体贴人的一种程度significant considerable(considerate) enormous numerous immense significant 意义重大的= importantenormous 一般形容体积庞大的、巨大的numerous1、+ 可数名词复数2、+ 单数可数名词clash：撞击crash：（飞机）坠毁，（轮船）失事smash：粉碎，击碎ash：废墟，灰烬ashamed：羞愧的cash：现金恐怖分子驾驶飞机撞(clash)到世贸大楼，飞机失事(crash) ,余波把大楼击碎(smash),整个世贸大楼变成废墟(ash)，小布什感到很羞愧(ashamed)，需要花很多现金(cash)来恢复美国经济。
四级常用同义词辨析整理
让知识带有温度。
四级常用同义词辨析整理
四级常用同义词辨析
advance，progress，proceed，move on，go
这些动词均含前进，行进，进展之意。
advance主要用于详细的人或物，也可指科学技术和运动等。
progress指按某一既定目标前进，取得进展，目的性很明确，强调常常和稳定地前进。
proceed侧重指连续前进。
move on非正式用语，侧重从某一停止点向某地前进，但不表示前进的目的地。
go最常用词，含义宽泛而不准确，依上文确定其详细意思。
advantage，benefit，interest，favour，profit，gain
这些名词均有利益、好处之意。
advantage指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及对方弱点而获得利益与好处。
benefit一般用词，指通过正值手段从物质或精神方面得到的`任何好处或利益。
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千里之行，始于足下。
interest作利益解时，多用复数形式，既可指集团、群体的利益，又可指个人的利益。
favour指在竞争中获得的advantage，也可指在狭隘的个人利益。
profit着重收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面获得的利益。
gain指获得的物质利益，也示意不损坏他人利益而得的无形好处。
advice，opinion，progposal，suggestion，recommendation，view
【四级常用同义词辨析】
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易混淆的近义词词汇汇总
易混淆的近义词词汇汇总
易混淆的近义词词汇汇总
词汇是英语四级考试的基础，突破词汇关就可以更加顺畅的攻下英语四级考试。
方便同学们进行分类记忆，希望对同学们有帮助。
31. attract vt. 吸引,引起,使感兴趣
draw vt. 招引,吸住,故意引起注意
32. attract vt. 吸引,引诱
charm vt. 迷住,使陶醉
fascinate v. 使神往,使忘情
33. average adj. 一般的`,普通的
normal adj. 正常的,符合标准的
ordinary adj. 普通的,平凡的
regular adj. 有规律的,经常的
34. aware adj. ~ of知道,意识到unaware不知道
conscious adj. ~ of对有意识unconscious失去知觉的
35. awful adj. 可怕的
dreadful adj. 可怕的
fearful adj. 害怕的,担心的。
四级高频词汇的同义词与反义词辨析
四级高频词汇的同义词与反义词辨析词汇的掌握是语言学习的基础，对于四级考试来说，高频词汇更是必须要重点掌握的内容之一。
而在学习词汇的过程中，同义词与反义词的辨析则是一个关键的环节。
正确区分和使用同义词与反义词，不仅可以增加阅读和写作时的表达力，还可以提升语言的准确性和丰富度。
本文将为大家提供一些常见四级高频词汇的同义词与反义词辨析。
1. 喜欢同义词：喜爱、喜好反义词：讨厌、厌恶2. 重要同义词：重大、关键、要紧反义词：不重要、次要3. 困难同义词：艰难、费力、艰辛反义词：容易、轻松、简单4. 改变同义词：变化、转变、调整反义词：保持、维持、恒定5. 优点同义词：长处、长项、好处反义词：缺点、短处、弱点6. 发展同义词：进展、进步、发展反义词：衰退、倒退、停滞7. 必须同义词：必需、必然、不可避免反义词：可选、可避免、非必需8. 常识同义词：常见知识、常见常识反义词：冷门知识、专业知识9. 重视同义词：重申、认真对待、看重反义词：忽视、轻视、对待不当10. 能力同义词：才能、技能、本领反义词：无能、短板、缺乏能力通过对以上高频词汇的同义词与反义词辨析，我们可以发现，同义词可以在表达时提供更多的选择，丰富语言的表达方式；而反义词则可以对比事物之间的差异，准确传达出不同的意思。
掌握这些同义词与反义词的用法和差异，可以帮助我们更准确地理解和运用英语词汇。
在学习高频词汇时，可以通过积累词汇搭配，例如通过使用词汇搭配的方式来学习同义词与反义词。
同时，多读英语文章、多做题目，以及进行词汇的积累和总结也是至关重要的。
可以通过背单词、制作词汇卡片、参加同义词和反义词的练习等方式来加深对词汇的理解。
总之，同义词与反义词的辨析是提高英语词汇运用能力的关键之一。
在备考四级考试时，我们应该注重同义词与反义词的学习与应用，不断丰富自己的词汇量，提高英语的表达能力。
希望本文所提供的同义词和反义词对大家有所帮助，祝愿大家取得优异的成绩！。
英语专业四级考试中的近义词辨析
英语专业四级考试中的近义词辨析英语专业四级考试中的近义词辨析英语专业四级考试中的近义词辨析英语专四考试中的词汇与语法题一直是很多考生头痛的题目，3000-4000个单词及其最基本的搭配，要在短时间内提高是很难的。
为此，我们为大家整理了15组专四近义词辨析，帮助大家更快掌握。
1、beat, win, conquer, defeat, overcome这组词均有“获胜，征服，击败”之意。
beat 指在战争、竞赛或其他方面最终彻底战胜对方，对象可以是人，也可以是物。
win 指在竞赛或战斗中击败对方，其对象一般应是物，如battle, race, victory等。
conquer 既可指靠武力或精神道方面的力量使对方屈服，又可指在排除障碍和阻力后取得胜利。
defeat 意为“击败”，强调的是暂时的胜利。
overcome 既可指在战斗和竞赛中战胜对方，也可指在感情、习惯等方面压倒，胜过。
如：We can easily beat you at baseball. 打垒球我们可以轻易地击败你们。
The Chinese team won in the end. 最后中国队赢了。
The Normans conquered England in 1066. 1066年，诺曼底人征服了英格兰。
He defeated his opponents in this election. 在这次竞选中，他击败了对手。
He made efforts to overcome every difficulty. 他努力克服每一个困难。
2、award, reward这组词均含有“授予，给予”的意思。
award 意为“授予，给予”，通常指官方或法院根据规定把钱财等奖给或判给某人。
reward 意为“酬劳，奖赏”，通常指因做了某一件事或提供了某种服务而应得到的报答或酬谢。
如：He was awarded a medal for his outstanding contribution to science. 由于对科学作出了杰出贡献，他被授予一枚奖章。
英语四级易混淆的近义词
英语四级易混淆的近义词
英语四级易混淆的近义词
capable: 和able都表能力，但后者所指能力更强一些；它作表语时后接of，主语可为有生命物，也可为无生命物；
able: 作表语时后接不定式，主语为有生命物。
charge: 作费用讲时泛指生活方方面面的花费；
fee: 指支付的效劳费、手续费等附加费用；
fare: 指用于交通的花费；
toll: 特指通过道路、桥梁时需支付的费用。
chart: 指航海，航空专用图，指用曲线，图解来分析的图；
map: 指地图，包括地球外表和陆地；
diagram: 指作解释说明用的图；
graph: 常指书中的辅助资料图；
illustration: 那么指举例用图。
cheerful: 指人乐观，开朗的性情流露；
pleasant: 指快乐，满意；
glad: 是有原因导致的'一时的情绪高涨；
pleasing: 语气稍弱于pleasant;
happy: 指幸福、快乐的心理状态。
climate: 指气候，即地区固有的天气变化；
weather: 指天气，即特定地区较短时间内的天气变化。
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英语四级考试常见易混淆近义词1. ability n. 能力, 本领, 技巧~to do sth.capability n. 才能, 可能性, 性能~ to do/of doing sth. capacity n. 容量, 潜能, 智能~to do/for doing sth.2. able adj. 能干的, 有能力的~to do sth.capable adj. 能胜任的, 有可能的~of doing sth. competent adj. 能胜任的,(知识技术过硬的~ to do/for sth. qualified adj. 符合资格/条件的~for sth./in doing sth.3. absence n. 缺席, 不在, 缺乏(证据, 理由lack n. 缺少, 没有(信心, 经验want n. 需要, 缺乏(知识, 关心4. accept vt. 接受(可拒绝receive vt. (无法拒绝地收到5. accident n. 意外事故, 灾祸incident n. 事件, 事变,(政治事端event n. 大事, 重大事件occurrence n. 偶然发生之事6. accomplish vt. 完成achieve vt. 获得(成就attain vt. 达到(目标7. accordingly adv. (自然而平常的因果于是, 据此consequently adv. (未必必然之结果, 因此(=as a result hence adv. (为强调前因之因而, 所以, 这样(thustherefore adv. (作为必然结果/结论因此(because of this8. accurate adj. (话、计算等准确, 精确的exact adj. (数字、细节与事实/标准相符的, 确切的 precise adj. 精确严密的, 严谨无误的9. accuse v. 控告(~sb. of…charge v. 控告(~sb . with…scold v. 责备(~sb. for…sentence v. 判处徒刑(~sb. for…10. acknowledge v. 公开承认(本来否认之事~ a secret admit v. 不情愿、被迫承认(真实性~ a statement confess v. 认错, 招供 ~ (to; ~ a crime11. adapt vt. 使(有能力适应(新环境、条件adjust vt. (调整以适应, 调节(机器、仪器regulate vi. 校正, 调节(温度、速度; 控制12. adequate adj. (相对于某一标准的足够的, 适当的 enough adj. (相对于愿望、要求的足够的sufficient adj. (相对于实际需要的足够的, 充分的13. adhere vi 坚持(原则等~ toinsist vi 坚持(观点等~ on, ~ thatpersist vi 坚持(行动等~ inpersevere vi. 持之以恒stick vi 坚持, 粘着(原先的立场、主张、承诺等~ to14. advise v. 建议, 忠告counsel n. v. (审慎而正式忠告, 顾问15. area n. (与面积相关的地区, 区域region n. (与某天然色、气候相关的地区, 大行政区 zone n. (与地理上、军事、政治、商业等相关的区 district n 行政划分的区(比region 小,(市内的区16. affect vt. (直接, 有形的; 不良的, 情感的影响influence vt. (潜移默化地影响impact vt. 冲击,(巨大地影响17. aid v. (急需的、经济等方面的援助assist v. (辅助、次要的协助, 起助手作用help v. (精神、物质上帮助(以达到某种目的18. aim n. (军事, 体育目的, 目标, 明确的奋斗目标 goal n. (长期努力的目标, 终点objective n. (具体、直接、很快可达到的目标, 目的 purpose n. 意图, 目的19. allow v. (不加阻止、默许准许, 许可~ sb. to do, ~ for permit v. (正式而严肃的允许, 准许~ sb. to do, ~ doing sth.20. alter v. (局部、尺寸等改变~ a dress改制衣服 change v. (通用词变化, 改变~a dress换衣服convert v. (本质、信仰等转变~ sb./sth. intoshift vt. 变换(档, 速, 位置;(并非出于自愿的改变, 更换, 转移 transfer vt. 搬迁, 调动; 改转(车票等vary vi. (一定范围内变动, 变化21. amaze v. (=surprise greatly使愕然astonish v. (对无法理解、解释之事的震惊surprise v. 使吃惊22. answer v. 回答(问题, 接(电话,(对敲门等的答应 reply v. (正式、书面的答复~ that…, ~ to …respond vi. (口头或行动上的响应, 反应~ to23. apparatus n. (与某职业相关的仪器、器械appliance n. (常~s电器equipment n. (不可数设备, 装备implement n. (大型工具,(农具, 器具instrument n. 精密仪器, 乐器24. apparent adj. 表面的, 明显的(←appeardistinct adj. 与众不同的, 清楚的(→distinctive evident adj. 有证据表明的, 显然的(←evidence obvious adj. 显而易见的25. appear vi. (事物出现arise v. (问题等出现emerge vi. (从…冒出~from…happen vi. 发生, 碰巧occur vi. 发生, 想起~to do sth.take place vi. (依据安排等进行, 发生26. appropriate adj. 非常匹配的, 合适的~for…fit adj. (衣合身的; 恰当的be ~ to do sth./for sb.proper adj. 适合(情理的, 适宜的suitable adj. 与某场合相适应的, 恰当的~ for…27. argue v. (引经据典的辩论, 争论~ for/against… debate v. (公开、正式的论证, 辩论dispute v. n. (激烈、频繁的争论, 争执, 争议discuss v. 讨论28. arise vi. (问题等出现raise vt. 提起, 抬高, 升起rise vi. 升起, 上涨lift vt. 提, 举, 抬起29. artificial adj. 人造的, 人工的(仿效自然物synthetic adj. 合成的(通过化学成分组合false adj. 虚假的, 错的(←true, 代替真的unnatural adj. 不自然的(←natural, 做作的unreal adj. 不真实的, 虚构的(←real30. attempt v. 企图, 试用~ to do sth.endeavor v. 努力, 尽力~ to do sth.strive v. 力争~ for…, ~ to do sth.31. attract vt. 吸引, 引起, 使感兴趣draw vt. 招引, 吸住, 故意引起注意32. attract vt. 吸引, 引诱charm vt. 迷住, 使陶醉fascinate v. 使神往, 使忘情33. average adj. (通过数字统计而确定的一般的, 普通的 normal adj. 正常的, 符合标准的(如体温等ordinary adj. 普通的, 平凡的regular adj. 有规律的, 经常的34. aware adj. ~ of知道, 意识到→unaware 不知道conscious adj. ~ of对…有意识→unconscious 失去知觉的35. awful adj. (情感上认为环境等的可怕的dreadful adj. (对鬼、死、恶梦等可怕的fearful adj. 害怕的, 担心的36. ban v. 严令禁止, 查禁forbid v. 不许, 禁止(做某事~sb. to do st.prohibit v. (正式地(为法律, 规章制度所禁止, 制止~ sb. from doing sth.37. bare adj. (表面光秃的, 赤裸的, 无装饰的empty adj. 空的(里面没有东西hollow adj. (中间/里面空的, 有洞的vacant adj. 无人占用的, 空着的38. base n. 根基, 基座an air base空军基地basis n. 基础, 根据on the basis offoundation n. 地基,(支持某事、理论的基础39. basic adj. 根本的, 基础的elementary adj. 初步的, 基础的(知识fundamental adj. 根本的, 首要的primary adj. 最初的, 主要的40. beat v. 击败; 心跳knock vi. 敲 ~ at; vt. (不小心碰到hit v. 击中strike v. 打, 敲击41. behavior n. (有意或无意的行为, 举止conduct n. (人的与道德责任相关的品行, 行为, 表现 manner n. 举止, 态度, 礼貌42. belief n. 信仰, 相信confidence n. 信心, 自信credit n. 信誉,(商业信用trust n. 信赖, 信托43. career n. 事业,(终生或作为事业的职业 occupation n. (训练有素的正式工作, 职业profession n. (经专门教育、训练、专业的职业 trade n. 手艺,(手工, 简单技术的职业44. case n. (需考虑, 研究, 调查, 处理的事例, 实例, 案例, 病例 instance n. (用作佐证的例子, 例证sample n. 样品,(代表整体的标本, 抽样specimen n. (动植物标本;(各自独立的标本45. caution vt. 提醒(别人提高警惕, 预防不测warn. vt. 告诫, 警告(别人有危险, 或威胁要惩罚46. certain adj. 肯定的, 确认的I’m ~that/It is ~that positive adj. 确定的, 确信的, 肯定的(←negativesure adj. 一定的, 有把握I’m ~ (不能说: It is ~that47. certainly adv. 当然, 无疑surely adv. (我敢肯定, 定然会48. chance n. (幸运或偶然, 机会by~ 偶然/意外地 occasion n. 时机,(某个时刻提供的机会by~of 由于 opportunity n. (适合某人做某事的良机, 机遇49. character n. (人、物由charasteristic 组成的总特征feature n. (部分细节之形状、重要性特征, 脸面特征, 五官 characteristic n. (突出而稳定, 区别于他人的本质特征, 特点 property n. (物理属性50. cheat v. (为私利、不诚实而欺骗, 骗取; 作弊deceive v. (歪曲真相的欺骗, 诱骗fool v. 愚弄, 哄骗51. chief adj. (顺序、等级等首要的, 主要的, 地位最高的(人 main adj. (只用于物主要的in the ~基本上major adj. (规模, 数量等超出同类重大的, 较大的, 更主要的(←minorprincipal adj. (力量、权力、规模等居于首位的, 最主要的, 首要(人物52. claim v. 要求(得到, 索取, 要回(本来属于自己之物 demand v. (以断然之命令坚决要求, 需要request v. 请求,(礼貌、正式的要求require v. (作为条件、习惯、法令等的要求, 需要53. comment n. 评论, 批评make ~s oncommentary n. 实况解说词,(对文章、作品的评语, 解释remark n. (口头、随意的评论, 看法pass/make a ~ on54. compare v. 比较(相同之处contrast v. 对比(差异之处55. compel v. 强迫, 使迫不得已~sb. to do sth.oblige v. (常用于因外因、道德、法律等而不得不be ~d to do56. complex adj. 复杂的, 难理解的complicated adj. 结构错综的, 复杂难懂的sophisticated adj. (设备复杂而技术含量高的, 复杂高深的57. compose vt. 组成be ~d ofcomprise vt. 由…组成comprise=be comprised of consist vi. 由…组成~ of 58. conceive v. 构思, 想象出fancy v. (异想天开地想象, 梦想, 遐想imagine v. 随意设想, 任意相象59. conclude v. 推断出(结论deduce v. (演绎式推论infer v. (由事实证据推论, 推测60. conference n. 商讨会, 研究会, 记者招待会congress n. 代表大会, 国会gathering n. 聚会, 集会meeting n. 一般会议, 碰头会61. considerable adj. 相当(大、多的, 可观的considerate adj. (对他人感情、处境考虑周到的, 体贴的a ~ wifethoughtful adj. (无私关心他人的, 体贴他人的a ~ gift62. constant adj. 经常不变的, 固定的; 稳定的continual adj. 不断的, 频繁, 反复的(有间断continuous adj. 连续的, 持续的(无间断consistent adj. 始终如一的, 一致的63. contain vt. 包含, 容纳(某些内容、细节→content embrace vt. 囊括, 包括(所有应包容之物include vt. 包括(要素involve vt. (性质的包括, 涉及64. contemporary adj. 当代的, 现代的(包括目前在内的历史时期current adj. 现行的, 当前的, 目前的; 流行的modern adj. 时髦的, 现代的(历史上的一个时期65. continually adv. 不断地, 老是(但有间断continuously adv. 一直, 连续不断地gradually adv. 逐渐地unceasingly adv. 无休止地66. controversial adj. 有争议的contradictory adj. 相矛盾的, 对立的contrary adj. (观点, 说法opposite adj. (空间上, 性质等相对的, 对面的67. convince vt. 使信服, 使相信~ sb. ofpersuade vt. 劝说, 说服~ sb. to do/into/out of68. criminal adj. 犯罪的, 应受刑法处罚的guilty 犯有…罪的, 自觉有罪的~ of69. critical adj. 紧要的, 危急的crucial adj. 关键的, 决定性的vital adj. (与生命有关因而极其重要的, 不可缺少的70. cure vt. 治疗, 治愈~ sb. of sth.heal v. (使(外伤等痊愈remedy vt. 治疗, 纠正(身体/思想上的不健康71. damage vt. 损坏, 毁坏(健康, 财产等造成价值、功能的损坏 harm vt. 伤害, 损害(带来痛苦等hurt vt. 使(肉体疼痛, 伤害(感情injure vt. 使受伤; 毁坏(健康、成就、道德、权威等 wound vt. 使受(刀、枪伤72. decline vt. 谢绝, 婉言拒绝(邀请等~ to do sth. deny vt. 拒绝给予, 不给~ sb. sth. giverefuse vt. 拒不, 拒绝~ to do sth.reject vt. 拒绝接受(采纳, 考虑等~ sth.73. decrease vi (程序, 数量减少, 减小(←increase diminish v. 使变小, 缩小, 缩减, 减退lessen v. (程序减轻(矛盾、冲击、负担、危险、分歧等 reduce vt. 降低(成本、数量、程度74. fault n. (物毛病, 差错;(人过错,(与责任相关的过失 mistake n. 错误make a ~, by ~error n. (背离标准模式的错误, 过失commit an ~, in ~75. defend vt. (相对于敌对势力而言的保卫, 捍卫~ sb. againstguard vt. (相对于安全而言的保卫, 守卫~ against protect vt. (相对于伤害而言的保卫, 守卫~ against76. despair n. 绝望→沮丧, 失望in ~处于绝望沮丧之中desperation n. 绝望→孤注一掷in ~孤注一掷的, 不顾一切的hopelessness n. 绝望→丧失信心, 失望in ~失望地77. different adj. 不同的, 有差异的(民族,, 地方…~ from diverse adj. 截然不同的(观点、兴趣、发音等~ from various adj. 各种各样的(只作定语78. ignore vt. (故意视而不见的忽视(问题, 危险等neglect vt. (对工作、职责未予以适当关注而疏忽, 怠慢, 玩忽(健康、学习、工作等overlook vt. (匆忙、粗心而忽略, 疏忽(错误、要点等79. distinguished adj. (才华等众所公认的卓著, 杰出 outstanding adj. (与环境、背景不同而突出的, 杰出的 prominent adj. (人、物明显突出周围环境而显而易见的, 显赫的, 突出的80. drag vt. (吃力, 缓慢的拖, 拽(笨重之物draw vt. (轻轻的拖, 拉;(从银行取(钱pull vt. (朝自己方向拖, 拉; 随手取(出81. durable adj. (对破坏性因素、损耗有抗御的耐久的(用品、友谊enduring adj. (承受时间, 环境考验而持久的, 不朽的(记忆、作品lasting adj. (能无限继续而长久不消的, 恒久的(兴趣、影响、友谊permanent adj. (稳定不变、非暂时的永久性的(地址、建筑物、工作、破坏82. duty n. (源于法律、伦理、道德而应尽的对他人的义务, 职责on/off ~obligation n. (源于诺言、契绝、习俗等观念压力而必须履行义务, 责任fulfil an ~responsibility n. (源于法律、职业、道德而对后果必须承担责任take the ~ for83. endure vt. 忍耐, 忍受(长期的磨难tolerate vt. 容忍, 忍受(一时无礼、分歧、不良环境等 stand vi. (勇敢地经受, 经得起(攻击, 考验等84. enormous adj. (大小程度超越标准而巨大的, 过大的(量、尺寸、物体等immense adj. (非一般衡量单位所能测量的极大的, 广大的(海, 天空, 影响, 力量等tremendous adj. (规模、体积、程度不同寻常地巨大的, 大得惊人的(成就、速度等85. entire adj. 完整(无损的, 整个(地区、国家等an ~ man 完整的人complete adj. (一个整体之各组成要素全部具备而完整不缺的, 全部的~ works 全集total adj. (数量全计人的总的, 全部的~ area/population hole adj. (未经分割的整个的, 全部的(单位, 国宝~ number 整数86. especial adj. (相当突出, 更为重要而特别的(理由, 价值, 爱好particular adj. 特殊的, 尤其的,(意义、关注独到的(观点、描述special adj. 专门的, 为某一目的、场合所特别安排的(饮食、味道、许可specific adj. (独一无二而独待的, 特有的(美德、情况、个性等87. essential adj. (为事物之本质而必不可少的, 基本的~ to/forindispensable adj. (由于强烈、迫切性而不可或缺的, 必需~ fornecessary adj. (因无法避免或比较迫切而必要的, 需要的88. estimate vt. (大抵的评估, 判断(可行性、价值、损失 assess vt. (确切的评价, 估价(成份、税收、量、形势evaluate vt. (对物体、价值value 即非货币性评价, 判断(人、工作等89. eventual adj. (因果之最终的, 最后的~ success必然成功terminal adj. (系列或周期的终点的a ~ disease晚期病症 ultimate adj. 终极的, 极限的~ success最终成功90. eventually adv. (由必然原因而导致的最终(死亡, 成功, 退休等finally adv. (序列之最后(←first, second…at last adv. (期待已久而终于(发生了in the end adv. (过去或将来时间上最后, 最终91. excuse vt. (对疏忽、失职行为的原谅~ sb. for; ~ sb. from 免除forgive vt. (对罪恶, 侮辱行为的内心深处的宽恕~ lie/injures/insultpardon vt. (法律等正式场合对过错责任的赦免, 宽恕~ a criminal/fault92. exhausted adj. 精疲力尽的completes/affords ~ tired adj. 疲倦的awfully/dead ~tiresome adj. 令人厌倦的, 讨厌的93. extend v. (空间的延伸, 扩展~ one’s body伸展身子 stretch v. (由曲而直的伸展, 拉长~ oneself伸懒腰;(宽度上的伸展lengthen v. (时间、线向的拉长, 延伸, 加长~ a coat spread v. (四面八方展开, 铺开; 扩散; 蔓延~ a rumor/a blankeet94. fairly adv. 还算, 相当~ goodpretty adv. 相当, 非常~ soon/well/certainrather adv. 相当, 颇~ too…95. favorable adj. 对…有利的favorite adj. 为…所最喜欢的96. firm adj. 坚实的, 牢固的, 坚定的(←loose, 肌肉、信仰、目光、支持stable adj. 稳定的, 稳固的(政府, 工作, 性格steady adj. 稳固而不可动摇, 持续稳定的(←shaky, changeable, 温度、速度、收入进步等97. forecast vt. (依据计算、统计而作的预测, 预报(天气, 选举, 结果foretell vt. (对未来凭感觉而作预言; 预示(死亡、将来 predict vt. (有一定科学依据的预言, 预测(地震、收成98. grasp vt. (紧紧抓住; 掌握, 领会grab vt. (匆忙, 粗鲁地抓过, 一把抓过seize vt. (突然抓住(使不能逃脱, 占领, 夺取snatch vt. (迅速/出其不意地抓取, 抢夺99. hardly adv. (能力等几乎难以, 几乎没/不can ~/~ everbarely adv. 勉强, 刚刚, 差一点~ escapedscarcely adv (数量等仅仅, 几乎不/没~ anynearly adv. (肯定含义几乎, 差不多~ always/finished merely adv. 仅仅, 只是100. insignificant adj. (意义不重要的, 微不足虑的~ differencestiny adj. (数量、尺寸非常小的a ~ baby/~ fraction of summinor adj. (相比之下而不太重要的, 比较轻的/小的of ~importanceminute adj. 极小的, 细微的, 入微的(检查trivial adj. (事情小的, 价值小的, 鸡毛蒜皮的a ~ problem/sum101. material n. (素材, 材料raw/building/fabric ~ matter n. (与精神相对具体或抽象的物质living/historical ~substance n. (具有某物理、化学特征的物质, 东西chemical/solid ~stuff n. (口语(各种原料, 素材, 料子, 物品, 食品, 货色, 东西102. maybe adv. (用于委婉建议也许, 不妨(←may+be possibly adv. 客观上有可能地not ~无论如何不可能 perhaps adv. (建议, 要求, 命令; 较正式也许, 大概probably adv. 理论上可能地, 很可能likely adj. adv. (从表面看来似乎可能的103. pressure n. (源于外界的弹制性压力;(作用于物体表面的压力exert/use ~ strain n. (非常强大而导致精神紧张的压力, 紧张;(导致物体变形的张力, 拉力bear/suffer ~tension n. (源于关系不和的紧张(状态create/feel/reduce ~104. odd adj. 反常、离奇的, 古怪的(习俗、感受、地方 peculiar adj. 罕见的, 奇异的, 独特的(兴趣、礼节、情趣 strange adj. 奇怪的, 陌生的105. precious adj. (无法用金钱衡量价值的宝贵的, 珍贵的(时间, 记忆, 知识, 品质valuable adj. (用途, 作用, 有丰厚利润回报而有价值的, 贵重的(发现, 信息, 建议, 经验106. question n. (与“?”相关的问题, 疑问answer a ~ problem n. (与麻烦相关的问题, 麻烦事slove a ~ issue n. (某时、某地为许多人关注的热点问题, 争议 mater n. (供讨论, 考虑的一般问题;(在what’s the ~ with 中麻烦, 毛病107. rare adj. 稀少(得可贵, 珍奇scarce adj. (原来充裕之物变得稀少, 缺乏108. rational adj. (与逻辑思维相关的合乎情理的, 理性的~behavior/being reasonable adj. (源于正当理由的合理的,有理由的~price/question/demand sensible adj. 明智,明断的,切实可行而合理的 109. replace v. 取代,替代,代替~ B with/by A 以 A 代 B substitute v. 以…替代,代替~ A for B→A is ~d for B 以 A代B 110. rescue vt. (以迅速、果敢之紧急行为而抢救,营救 save vt. (以各种方式在任何场合的救,挽救~ one’s face 111. reserve n. 保留,预订,保存(以留作后用retain n. 继续保存,保留,留下(免于损失 112. rigid adj. (不可弯折之刚硬僵直的,固执(已见的 stiff adj. (不易弯曲之刚直的,拘谨而固执呆板的;(肌肉僵直的。