unit8课文翻译
Unit8 课文翻译
Uｎiｔ8 课文翻译课文ARefleｃtｉonｓof ａChｉnｅse ｍother iｎｔhe West一位西方华裔母亲得思考1.很多人想了解中国父母就是如何培养出如此成功得孩子得。
她们想知道,为什么这些中国父母能养育出那么多天分极佳得孩子,她们就是否也能培养出这样得孩子呢?2.事实就是,中国父母得做法,对固执己见得西方人来说,令人愤慨,难以想象,甚至就是违法得、中国母亲可以不客气地对正在狼吞虎咽得肥胖孩子说:“喂,小胖子,您要减肥了。
”与此相反,西方父母必须体谅地、小心翼翼而拐弯抹角地谈及“健康”,而且永远都不会提及“胖"字、结果,孩子还就是因为饮食紊乱与消极得自我评价得去求医问药。
长期以来我一直苦思冥想,中国父母这样做就是如何能够全身而退得,我认为中西方得父母之间存在三种意识形态上得差异。
3.首先,我注意到西方父母呵护子女得自尊,使她们免受一切批评。
她们担心孩子失败后得感受,于就是不断尽其所能解除子女得忧虑,而不管其表现如何糟糕。
西方父母认为孩子就是娇弱得,不够坚强,因此她们得行为也就与中国父母大相径庭了。
4.举个例子,如果一个孩子考试得了个Aˉ回家,西方父母很可能会表扬孩子。
而对中国母亲来说, Aˉ根本不算什么好成绩;她还会不快地叹气,问到底出了什么问题。
如果孩子得了Ｂ回家,一些西方父母尽管十分不情愿,仍然会表扬孩子。
其她西方父母会表达出不满,但不会质疑孩子得智力,或贸然说孩子“笨蛋”、“一文不值”或“太可恶了”、而私下里,西方父母可能会感到担心,但绝不会让孩子们知道、5.如果中国孩子得了B,不管什么科目,首先面临得就就是一声尖叫与恼怒得爆发、中国母亲会更加不遗余力地找来几十也许几百套得测验题,不惜采取手头任何办法来让自己孩子得成绩提高到Ａ。
6.中国父母要求完美得成绩,因为她们理所当然地认为孩子完全可以做到,而且分数就是比“自尊”更为重要得衡量成功得标准、如果孩子没拿到全A,中国父母就认为这就是因为孩子不够努力。
Unit8 课文翻译 active reading1&2
Translation of the text
9
乔治突然意识到，作为一个陌生人，他永远也不可能 体验到他想象中的融融暖意和缤纷色彩。也许，帕尼奥尔 笔下的普罗旺斯才是真实的，就像世界上其他地方一样。 也许出国旅行根本就是件麻烦事？ 所以，乔治付了餐费，乘公共汽车又回到了他位于伦敦 南区的寓所，并且决定以后再也不离开家了。
我也决定随着那些正在离开观众席的人溜出去。可我 还是感到有些奇怪：因为我记得右边的那扇门外是个死胡同。 确实如此，一穿过那扇门，我的想法就得到了证实——根本 没有出口。大约有100多人挤在一个大橱柜里，每个人都觉 得要是纠声音不笑出声来。
Text
13
外面，伴着强劲有力的舞蹈，音乐声一浪高过一浪。 突然，让两家歌舞团的演员和仍坐在观众席上的几位观众惊 讶不已的事发生了，那扇门猛地一下开了，100多人冲了出 来，往外跑去。他们都用手绢捂着嘴，以免笑出声。
Text
14
第二天，我们驱车去了边境。会议圆满结束。
Translation of the text
4
不过，乔治从别的书中也得知，普罗旺斯是一个对富 人和艺术家都很有吸引力的地方。很多名人都在此居住过， 如画家毕加索、赛尚和凡·高，作家格雷厄姆·格林、欧内 斯特·海明威、爱米尔·左拉，演员罗杰·瓦迪姆和碧 姬·巴铎。圣特鲁佩斯的海滩、戛纳的电影节、格拉斯的餐 馆以及尼斯的大饭店都给普罗旺斯增添了令人难以想象的魅 力。
4
然后一切又归于沉寂。终于可以睡觉了。
Text
5
两分钟后，一切又重新来过。这种情形大约每隔两分 钟就出现一次，一直持续到凌晨四五点钟。接着，又开始了， 只不过顺序相反：大声告别、开门、关门，最后车门砰地一 声关上，车离开了。
Unit-8-课文翻译
Unit 8 课文翻译P59---3aWhen I first arrived on this island, I had nothing. But I’ve found the ship and made a small boat. I’ve brought back many things I can use---food and drinks, tools, knives and guns.Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life. So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship. I have already cut down trees and built a house.I go out with my gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food.I’m even learning to grow fruit and vegetables.当我第一次到达这个岛屿的时候，我一无所有。
但是我发现了这艘大船，然后做了艘小船。
我已经带回来了许多我能够用到的东西---食物，饮料，工具，刀，和枪。
尽管我已经失去了所有，但是我没有失去我的生命。
因此我将不会放弃，我会永远等待另外一艘船。
我已经砍了树，造了房子。
我每天出去几乎都带着我的枪去打动物和鸟来作为食物。
我甚至学习去种水果和蔬菜。
A few weeks ago, I found the marks of another man’s feet on the sand.Who else is on the island? How long have they been here?Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.One of them died but the other ran towards my house.I helped him killed the cannibals.This man now lives with me and helps me.I named him Friday because that was the day I met him.He is smart and I have already taught him some English.一个星期以前，我发现了另外一个人在沙地上的足迹。
Unit-8-Computers-and-Security课文翻译大学体验英语二
Unit 8 Computers and SecurityPassage A You Are the Weakest Link, Goodbye.Do you remember the good old days? Innocent times spent sharing documents and executable files without a care in the world. Okay, every month or so you might encounter a boot sector virus - but they were easy to deal with even if the anti-virus software didn't pick them up.But those long lazy summers disappeared too fast. Macro viruses made Information Technology (IT) administrators grow up fast as they realized there was a type of virus which could spread very quickly throughout an organization. It wasn't unusual to find hundreds of computers within personal company infected by viruses transmitted via email attachments. The IT staff were amongst the fittest departments in your company, running from Personal Computer (PC) to the next cleaning them up.There had to be a better way. Companies now realize that viruses aren't "urban myths", and can have a serious impact on their operations. They invest in anti-virus software on the desktops, servers and email gateways and even put in place procedures to ensure their anti-virus is up-to-date with the very latest detection routines.It sounds like companies have put in place adequate defenses to protect against viruses. But have they?Anti-virus software detects most of the viruses your users are likely to encounter - often without the user even knowing. However, the software must be updated regularly, preferably daily in any large company. Even then, a very new virus can infect your users. With the rapid transmission of files through networks and the Internet, a virus can spread a considerable distance before it can be identified and protected against. Fortunately, only a few viruses ever do this but the likes of Melissa and the Love Bug can inflict serious damage before their progress is stopped. Whilst employees become suddenly aware during the ensuing media excitement, they soon forget about the virus threat as the stories disappear from the news headlines.This is the danger. Complacency can set in when there is no perceived "action" on the virus front with no global crisis, and the importance of being vigilant about viruses recedes in your users' minds. They forget what the big deal was in the first place - after all, the anti-virus software deals with the viruses, doesn't it? And isn't it the IT department's job to look after this sort of thing?Before you know it your users are opening unsolicited attachments once more, downloading unauthorized software, and putting your company's data and credibility at risk. All because the users think that they are working in a safe environment. Employeessee anti-virus software, firewalls and IT departments as guarantees that their computers will work and will be safe. Of course, there aren't any guarantees. Anti-virus software plays one, albeit important, part in the defense of your company from malicious attack but the security of your computer system is only as strong as the weakest link. And that, more often than not, is the human factor.No employer wants to come across as a killjoy or an ogre. Most will willingly accept that the happiest employees are those who feel that they are respected and trusted by their employer. Many companies accept that employees will send and receive a certain amount of personal email and make the odd personal telephone call.However, the worry comes when employees start risking company security in pursuit of personal amusement. Funny screensavers and games downloaded from the Internet can seem harmless enough but they could easily be harboring a dangerous virus.Software downloaded from the net is often unlicensed and unsupported, and may cause conflicts with existing software in use at your company. Unlicensed, pirated software is an ideal vector for a computer virus. Virus writers and hackers often use such software as the ideal "kick-start" for their virus distribution.It is vitally important that employees be educated about the virus threat but this cannot be a one-off event. The potential threat should always be in the back of an employee's mind and precautionary measures should be taken as a matter of course. There is no harm in reminding people about what could happen if they let their guard down. In the end, education is the key to a virus-free environment and this is a continual process. It may not be the most exciting thing on the agenda but it works.The lesson is simple. You can have the best software in the world protecting your company's defenses; you can even be the biggest IT company in the world; but without your users practicing safe computing they will always be the weakest link.PA 你是最薄弱的环节，再见还记得美好的往日时光吗？在那样的纯真年代，我们共享文档和可执行文件，根本没有半点顾虑。
资料《Unit8课文原文与翻译(素材)译林版八年级英语下册》
译林版八年级下册英语课文及翻译UNIT 8英中对照版Comic strip– What are you going to do, Hobo?霍波，你要去做什么？– Plant trees.种树。
– Will more trees be planted this year?今年要种更多的树吗？– Yes. Trees are good for us.是的。
树对我们很有益。
–OK. I’ll go with you, I like digging in the garden.好的。
我跟你一起去。
我喜欢在花园里挖洞。
– Are you serious?你是认真的吗？–Sure, I’ll plant breadfruit trees. Breadfruit … Yummy!当然。
我要种面包果树。
面包果……好吃！Welcome to the unit– What should we do to live a green life, class?同学们，对绿色生活我们应该做些什么呢？– My dad used to drive me to school, but now we take the underground.More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution.我的爸爸以前常常开车送我去上学，但是现在我们坐地铁了。
越来越多的家庭拥有汽车，导致严重的空气污染。
–I agree. It’s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.我同意。
人们选择公共交通或骑自行车是很明智的。
– I think we can take shorter showers to save water.我认为我们应该缩短淋浴时间，以节约用水。
– Yes. And we should remember to turn off the lights when we leave a room.是的。
Unit-8-My-Forever-Valentine-课文翻译-综合教程一
Unit 8 My Forever ValentineThe traditional holidays in our house when I was a child were spent timing elaborate meals around football games. My father tried to make pleasant chitchat and eat as much as he could during half time. At Christmas he found time to have a cup or two of holiday beer and do his holly shaped bow tie. But he didn't truly shine until Valentine's Day.I don't know whether it was because work at the office slowed during February or because the football season was over. But Valentine's Day was the time my father chose to show his love for the special people in his life. Over the years I fondly thought of him as my "Valentine Man."My first recollection of the magic he could bring to Valentine's Day came when I was six. For several days I had been cutting out valentines for my classmates. Each of us was to decorate a "mailbox" and put it on our desk for others to give us cards. That box and its contents ushered in a succession of bittersweet memories of my entrance into a world of popularity contests marked by the number of cards received, the teasing about boyfriends/girlfriends and the tender care I gave to the card from the cutest boy in class.That morning at the breakfast table I found a card and a gift-wrapped package at my chair. The card was signed "Love, Dad," and the gift was a ring with a small piece of red glass to represent my birthstone, a ruby. There is little difference between red glass and rubies to a child of six, and I remember wearing that ring with a pride that all the cards in the world could not surpass.As I grew older, the gifts gave way to heart shaped boxes filled with my favorite chocolates and always included a special card signed "Love, Dad." In those years my thank-yous became more of a perfunctory response. The cards seemed less important, and I took for granted the valentine that would always be there. Long past the days of having a "mailbox" on my desk, I had placed my hopes and dreams in receiving cards and gifts from "significant others," and "Love, Dad" just didn't seem quite enough.If my father knew then that he had been replaced, he never let it show. If he sensed any disappointment over valentines that didn't arrive for me, he just tried that much harder to create a positive atmosphere, giving me an extra hug and doing what he could to make my day a little brighter.My mailbox eventually had a rural address, and the job of hand delivering candy and cards was relegated to the U.S. Postal Service. Never in ten years was my father's package late nor was it on the Valentine's Day eight years ago when I reached into the mailbox to find a card addressed to me in my mother's handwriting.It was the kind of card that comes in an inexpensive assortment box sold by a child going door to door to try to earn money for a school project. It was the kind of card you used to get from a grandmother or an aging aunt or, in this case, a dying father.It was the kind of card that put a lump in your throat and tears in your eyes because you knew the person no longer was able to go out and buy a real valentine. It was a card that signaled this would be the last you would receive from him.The card had a photograph of tulips on the outside, and on the inside my mother had printed "Happy Valentine's Day." Beneath it, scrawled in barely legible handwriting was "Love, Dad."His final card remains on my bulletin board today. It's a reminder of how special fathers can be and how important it has been to me over the years to know that I had a father who continued a tradition of love with a generosity of spirit, simple acts of understanding and an ability to express happiness over the people in his life.Those things never die, nor does the memory of a man who never stopped being my valentine.永远的情人在我的童年记忆中，每逢节假日我们家总会一起踢足球，然后享用精心准备的晚餐。
unit8 TextA 课文翻译
城市化推动文明爱德华•格雷泽1.几乎所有你拥有、使用或了解的东西都是由他人创造的。
人类是一种高度社会化的物种，像蚂蚁或长臂猿一样，擅长共同生产。
正如蚁群的能力大大超过单个蚂蚁，城市所创造的成就也远胜于单独的个体。
城市使合作成为可能，特别是使人类最重要的创造——知识的共同创造成为可能。
在班加罗尔和伦敦人口稠密的地带，人际间的思想交流方便顺畅。
为接近各行各业的精英人士，人们宁愿承受城市生活的高成本，而从精英人士那里获得的知识将对他们的未来产生影响。
2.卢梭有一句名言：“城市是人类的深渊。
”但他的这个看法完全颠倒了事实。
城市推动了合作，从而使人性散发出最耀眼的光芒。
人类善于互相学习，周围人越多我们学得也越多。
由于都市人口密集，通过观察他人的成败可以获得源源不断的新信息。
在大城市里，人们可以择志同道合者而聚，就像19世纪巴黎的莫奈和塞尚，又如20世纪芝加哥的贝鲁西和艾克罗伊德。
城市使观察、倾听和学习更为便捷。
人类的基本特征正是相互学习的能力，因此，城市让我们更加成其为人。
3.一座城市的起源无论多么平凡，城市的不断集约化都会产生神奇的效果。
罗马士兵当年驻军塞纳河上的小岛，只因这是防御敌对的高卢人侵犯自己的有利地点。
就是从这样一个简单的起点开始，在过去的2000多年中，巴黎人开创了无数文化、经济和政治上的先河。
中世纪荷兰诸城建立是因为羊毛贸易的兴起，但人口的兴旺也诱发了世界史上首次成功的共和革命。
芝加哥的地理位置使其成为理想的屠宰场所，特别适合中西部运往东部的牲猪中途在此宰杀，但这座城市却成功吸引了一大批杰出的建筑师——詹尼、伯纳姆、沙利文、赖特——他们共同创造了“摩天大楼”建筑风格。
上海最初只是一个棉纺织小镇，但20世纪20年代人口的聚集成就了一波音乐、电影和动画的创新浪潮。
4.艺术活动的兴起常常会集中于某一处，如15世纪的佛罗伦萨或19世纪的巴黎。
在18世纪的维也纳，海顿将他的交响乐理念传授给他的朋友莫扎特和学生贝多芬。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT8课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)
UNIT81. In the last year, MOOCs have gotten a tremendous amount of publicity. Last November, the New York Times decided that 2012 was “the Year of the MOOC,” and columnists like David Brooks and Thomas Friedman have proclaimed ad nausea that the MOOC “revolution” is a “tsunami” that will soon transform higher education. As a Time cover article on MOOCs put it — in a rhetorical flourish that has become a truly dead cliché — “College is Dead. Long Live College!”2. Where is the hype coming from? On the one hand, higher education is ripe for “disruption” — to use Clayton Christensen’s theory of “disruptive innovation” — because there is a real, systemic crisis in higher education, one that offers no apparent or immanent solution. It’s hard to imagine how the status quo can survive if you extend current trends forward into the future: how does higher education as we know it continue if tuition fees and student debt continue to skyrocket while state funding continues to plunge? At what point does the system simply break down? Something has to give.3.At the same time, the speed at which an obscure form of non-credit-based online pedagogy has gone so massively mainstream demonstrates the level of investment that a variety of powerful people and institutions have made in it. The MOOC revolution, if it comes, will not be the result of a groundswell of dissatisfaction felicitously finding a technology that naturally solves problems, nor some version of the market’s invisible hand. It’s a tsunami powered by the interested speculation of interested parties in a particular industry. MOOCs are, and will be, big business, and the way that their makers see profitability at the end of the tunnel is what gives them their particular shape.4. After all, when the term itself was coined in 2008 — MOOC, for Massively Open Online Course — it described a rather different kind of project. Dave Cormier suggested the name for an experiment in open courseware that George Siemens and Stephen Downes were putting together at the University of Manitoba, a class of 25 students that was opened up to over 1,500 online participants. The tsunami that made land in 2012 bears almost no resemblance to that relatively small — and very differently organized — effort at a blended classroom.For Cormier, Siemens, and Downes, the first MOOC was part of a long-running engagement with connectivist principles of education, the idea that we learn best when we learn collaboratively, in networks, because the process of learning is less about acquiring new knowledge “content” than about building the social and neural connections that will 1. 去年，“大规模在线开放课程”得到了广泛的宣传。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第八单元Grinding is a manufacturing process that involves the removal of metal by employing a rotating abrasive wheel. The latter simulates a milling cutter with an extremely large number of miniature cutting edges.磨削是通过采用旋转磨轮去除金属的制造工艺。
磨轮用非常大量的微型切削刃模仿铣刀进行切削。
Generally, grinding is considered to be a finishing process that is usually used for obtaining high-dimensional accuracy and better surface finish. Grinding can be performed on flat, cylindrical, or even internal surfaces by employing specialized machine tools, which are referred to as grinding machines.一般而言，磨削被认为是一种通常用于获得高尺寸精度和较好表面光洁度的精加工作业。
磨削通过采用被称为磨床的特殊机床能在平面、圆柱面甚至内表面上进行。
Obviously, grinding machines differ in construction as well as capabilities, and the type to be employed is determined mainly by the geometrical shape and nature of the surface to be ground, e.g., cylindrical surfaces are ground on cylindrical grinding machines.显然，磨床根据结构和功能的不同有所区别，使用何种形式的磨床主要取决于被磨削表面的几何形状和物理性质。
例如，圆柱面在外圆磨床上磨削。
•Type of Grinding Operations 磨削作业的类型1. Surface grinding. As the name surface grinding suggests, this operation involves grinding of flat or plane surfaces. Fig.8.1 indicates the two possible variations, either a horizontal or vertical machine spindle.1.表面磨削：就像其名称暗示的那样，表面磨削和平面磨削直接有关。
图8.1表示了两种可能的变化：卧式磨床主轴或立式磨床主轴。
In the first case (horizontal spindle), the machine usually has a planer-type reciprocating table on which the workpiece is held. However, grinding machines with vertical spindles can have either a planer type table like that of the horizontal-spindle machine or a rotating worktable.在第一种情况(卧式主轴)，卧式磨床通常具有安装工件的刨床式往复工作台。
而立式主轴磨床既可以像卧式主轴磨床那样具有刨床式工作台也可以具有旋转工作台。
Also, the grinding action in this case is achieved by the end face of the grinding wheel (Fig.8.1b), contrary to the case of horizontal-spindle machines, where the workpieces ground by the periphery of the grinding wheel.而且在这种情况下，磨削动作是通过砂轮端面完成的(图8.1b)，这与通过砂轮周边磨削工件的卧式主轴磨床正好相反。
Fig.8.1a and b also indicate the equations to be used for estimating the different parameters of the grinding operation, such as the machining time and the rate of metal removal.图8.1a和b同时简述了用于估计诸如加工时间和金属去除率之类的磨削作业不同参数的方程式。
During the surface-grinding operations, heavy workpieces are either held in fixtures or clamped on the machine table by strap clamps and the like, whereas smaller workpieces are usually held by magnetic chucks. 在平面磨削时，重的工件用夹具固定或用压板等夹紧在磨床工作台上，而小的工件则通常是用电磁卡盘固定的。
2. Cylindrical grinding. In cylindrical grinding, the workpiece is held between centers during the grinding operation, and the wheel rotation is the source and cause for the rotary cutting motion, as shown in Fig.8.2. In fact, cylindrical grinding can be carried out by employing any of the following methods:2. 圆柱面磨削：在圆柱面磨削中，作业时工件支撑在两顶尖之间，砂轮转动是导致回转切削运动的动力源，如图8.2所示。
实际上，圆柱面磨削能通过采用下列任意方法来实现：(1) The transverse method, in which both the grinding wheel and the workpiece rotate and longitudinal linear feed is applied to enable grinding of the whole length. The depth of cut is adjusted by the cross feed of the grinding wheel into the workpiece.(1) 横向方法：这种方法中砂轮与工件均旋转且采用线性纵向进给以保证能磨削整个长度。
切削深度通过改变砂轮对工件的横向进给来进行调整。
(2) The plunge-cut method, in which grinding is achieved through the cross feed of the grinding wheel and no axial feed is applied. As you can see, this method can be applied only when the surface to be ground is shorter than the width of the grinding wheel used.(2) 插入-切削方法：这种方法通过砂轮的横向进给完成磨削而不采用轴向进给。
正如料想的那样，这种方法只在要磨削表面比所用砂轮宽度短时才使用。
(3) The full-depth method, which is similar to the transverse method except that the grinding allowance is removed in a single pass. This method is usually recommended when grinding short rigid shafts. (3) 全深度方法：这种方法除了一次加工就能去除磨削余量外其它与横向方法相同。
这种方法通常在磨削较短刚性轴时推荐使用。
Internal grinding. Internal grinding is employed for grinding relatively short holes, as shown in Fig.8.3. The workpiece is held in a chuck or a special fixture. Both the grinding wheel and the workpiece rotate during the operation and feed is applied in the longitudinal direction.内表面磨削：内表面磨削用于相对较短的孔，如图8.3所示。
工件安装在卡盘或特殊夹具上。
作业时砂轮和工件都回转并且采用纵向进给。
Any desired depth of cut can be obtained by the cross feed of the grinding wheel. A variation from this type is planetary internal grinding, which is recommended for heavy workpieces that cannot be held in chucks.通过砂轮的横向进给能得到任意所需的切削深度。
这种方法的一个变体是行星式内表面磨削，当工件较重不能用卡盘固定时推荐使用。
In that case, the grinding wheel not only spins around its own axis but also rotates around the centerline of the hole that is being ground.在这种情况下，砂轮不但绕自身轴线回转，同时还绕被磨削孔的中心线旋转。