1981年考研英语翻译真题及答案
Domestic noises may perhaps be controlled by forethought and courtesy, and industrial noises by good planning and technical improvement. But if we are going to allow fast motor-cycles and heavy diesel lorries to pass continuously trough residential and business districts, the community must decide on the control it needs to exercise, for in the long run it has got to pay for it. And if a nation is to take part in modern air transport, it must enter into international agreements on the noise control measures it will impose at its airports — and here the cost of any real control is to be measured in millions of dollars.
The United Kingdom Parliament at Westminster in London —with an elected chamber comprising members from English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Ireland constituencies (选举区) —therefore represents people sharing very varied backgrounds and traditions. It has ultimate authority for government and law-making, but administrative arrangements have developed in such a way as to take account of the particular needs of different areas.
(3)
About 350 years ago Galileo made a telescope and looked through it at the sun. What he saw both surprised and frightened him, for he saw dark spots on the sun which at once suggested to him that God had not made the world quite as perfect as he had previously believed. He hesitated to make his discovery known. Meanwhile other scientists noticed the same lack of solar perfection and proclaimed (宣布) the fact.
To control noise is to demand much self-discipline (annoyance arises often from lack of common courtesy), a sense of proportion (there is usually a conflict of interest if a noise is to be stopped), the expenditure of money (and it is far more economical to do this early rather that late), and finally, technical knowledge.
(2)
As more people live closer together, and as they use machines to produce leisure, they find that their leisure, and even their working hours, become spoilt by a by-product of their machines —namely, noise. Noise is nowadays in the news; it has acquired political status, and public opinion is demanding, more and more insistently, that something must be done about it.
Technical difficulties often arise from the subjective-objective nature of the problem. You can define the excessive speed of a motor-car in terms of a pointer reading on a speedometer. But can you define excessive noise in the same way? You find that with any existing simple “noise-meter”, vehicles which are judged to be equally noisy may show considerable difference on the meter.
4. 许多人以为电是燃料，但事实上并非如此。
5. 我国的社会主义现代化是一项我们必须努力完成的任务。
翻译：
Section VI: Chinese-English Translation (10 points)
1. The more I study the subject, the more I like it.
2. The factory can only supply thirty percent of what we need.
3. They did not stop talking until they fell asleep.
4. Many people think that electricity is a fuel; but, as a matter of fact, it is not.
England and Wales on the one hand and Scotland on the other have different systems of law, different court systems, different education systems, different systems of local government and, for most domestic matters, different government departments.
But Galileo continued his observations and was soon rewarded with another discovery. Fixing his attention on a single sunspot (太阳黑子) group, he noticed that in a few days it had moved in position, just as if the sun itself were turning. Afterwards he found a sunspot group which lived long enough to disappear from view on the western limb (边缘) of the sun, to re-appear on its eastern limb, and finally to regain its old position. This led him to conclude that the sun itself was rotating and that the time it took to make one complete turn was about twenty-five to twenty-seven days. Actually we know from the drawings which Galileo made of sunspots that there must have been quite a lot of them at the time of his observations in the years 1611 and 1612. If he had gone on making his drawings in the years that immediately followed, we know that he would almost certainly have noticed that sunspots were becoming fewer and smaller. But he became interested in other things and so he failed to recognize that there is a kind of long-term cycle in sunspot activity, the sunspots increasing and decreasing as the years go on. Later this discovery of the sunspot activity was made by one of the most patient observers in the history of science, a German chemist, Charles Schwabe.
历年考研英语一阅读真题翻译
2014年考研英语阅读真题Text 1In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency,” George Osbome,Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the job centre with a register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit-and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?为了“让生活变得更美好”以及减少“依赖”，英国财政大臣乔治•奥斯本引入了“求职预付金”计划。
只有当失业者带着简历到就业中心，注册在线求职并开始找工作，才有资格获得补助金——然后他们应该每周而非每两周报告一次。
有什么比这更合理呢？More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we k now they help people say off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsides laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”-protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.更加明显的合理性如下。
1981年高考英语试题（附答案）
1981年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语一、句型转换（本题共12分，每小题2分。
）(A)将下列肯定句改为否定句：1.She is from the south.2.Mr.Smith spoke at the meeting yesterday.3.Put the desk near the bookshelf(B)就下列句中的划线部分提出问题：1.The library opens at 8:30.2.This is my sister's coat.3.Edgar Snow was 22 when he first came to China in 1928.二、连词组句仿照例句将下列括号中所给的单词和词组连成句子，写在右边的短信中。
注意上下文的连贯性、标点及大小写。
（本题共10分，每句2分。
）Dear Grandpa,例：(some news/you/I've/to tell/got) I've got some news to tell you.1.(our school term/over/now/is) 1.2.(I/mother/with you/one week/can spend/says/in the country side) 2.3.(may I/my friend Wang Ying/along/bring) 3.4.(next Sunday/we/by/are coming/bike) 4.5.(me/all right/write and tell/this will be/please/whether) 5.love,Xiao Min 三、选择答案在(A)，(B)，(C)，(D)四个答案中，选出正确的一个，填在左边的括号内。
（本题共20分，每小题1分。
）例：(B) My name Li Fang.(A)am (B)is (C)be (D)are( )1. is a hospital near our village.(A)there (B)Their (C)There (D)They're( )2.I from my brother for a long time.(A)not have heard (B)have not heard(C)have heard not (D)do not hear( )3.He drives much than he did three years ago.(A)careful (B)carefully(C)more careful (D)more carefully( )4.Most of us came here .(A) in 1978 May (B)in May 1978(C)on May 1978 (D)1978,May( )5.We will start as soon as our team leader.(A)comes (B)will come (C)come (D)is coming( )6.Is her hair shorter than ?(A)me (B)my (C)mine D)I( )7.My father told me he was soon going to visit .(A)the United State (B)the United States(C)United States (D)United State( )8.I couldn't find my English-Chinese dictionary .(A)anywhere (B)everywhere(C)nowhere (D)somewhere( )9.It when they left the station.(A)has rained (B)is raining(C) rains (D)was raining( )10.We need fifteen more people our team to do the job.(A)but (B) except (C)aswell (D)besides( )11.The Second World War in 1939.(A)broke out (B)broke up(C)broke in (D)broke( )12.You to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.(A)needn't to come (B)don't need come(C)don't need coming (D)needn't come( )13.He doesn't know to stay or not.(A)whether (B)if (C)either (D)if he will( )14.Speak to him slowly he may understand you better.(A)since (B)so that (C)for (D)because( )15.There's not much news in today's paper, ?(A)isn't it (B)are there(C)is there (D)aren't there( )16.The city's underground more people than the buses.(A)brings (B)carries (C)sends (D)fetches( )17.You can see the house for years.(A)isn't painted (B)hasn't painted(C)hasn't been painted (D)hadn't been painted( )18.I can't keep the teacher who speaks so fast.(A)up (B) up with (C)with (D)on with( )19.I can hardly the difference between these two words.(A)point (B)speak (C)talk (D)tell( )20.Don't you remember ?(A)seeing the man before(B)to see the man before(C)saw the man before(D)to have seen the man before四、短文填空在下面短文的空格中填入适当的词，每个空格只许填一个词。
1981年考研真题解析(英一)
1981年考研英语真题答案Section I:Structure and Vocabulary(14points)1.[C]2.[D]3.[B]4.[B]5.[E]6.[D]7.[C]8.[E]9.[B]10.[D]11.[B]12.[E]13.[E]14.[A]Section II:Error-detection(8points)15.[C]16.[B]17.[E]18.[C]19.[C]20.[B]21.[E]22.[B]Section III:Sentence Making(4points)23.She has been travelling in Europe since last month.24.Frankly,the decision should not be considered as final.25.He stood there talking to the stranger a while ago./Standing there,he talkedto the stranger a while ago.26.I can never get used to eating this kind of foodSection IV:Verb Forms(14points)27.be reduced28.leading29.to buy30.Arriving,had been working31.Exhausted32.is being repaired33.has been made,are still considering34.Having met35.go,will have used36.to have been destroyed37.will be goingSection V:Cloze Test(10points)38.less39.by40.to41.by42.possible43.because44.recorded45.that/which46.back47.thisSection VI:Chinese-English Translation(10points)48.The more I study the subject,the more I like it.49.The factory can only supply thirty percent of what we need.50.They did not stop talking until they fell asleep.51.Many people think that electricity is a fuel;but,as a matter of fact,it is not.52.The socialist modernization of our country is an important task that we must strive to fulfill. Section VIII:English-Chinese Translation(40points)(1)联合王国是一个君主政体的国家。
1981年考研英语试题及答案-推荐下载
1981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the five choices given would most suitably complete the sentence. Circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled (14 points)EXAMPLE:The guests said that they wouldn’t mind ________.[A] to have a little light music[B] having a little light music[C] have a little light music[D] if they have a little light music[E] that they have a little light musicANSWER: [B]1.She has been working in this factory ________.[A] after 1968[B] in 1968[C] since 1968[D] for 1968[E] until 19682.We can’t understand why he avoided ________ to us.[A] to speak[B] speech[C] having spoken[D] speaking[E] to have spoken3.I am interested in ________ you have told me.[A] which[B] all that[C] all what[D] that[E] everything of which4.It is because she is too inexperienced ________ she does not know how to dealwith the situation.[A] so[B] that[C] so that[D] therefore[E] that is why5.He was afraid he would have to ________ her invitation to the party.[A] refute[B] refuse[C] return[D] ignore[E] decline6.She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed ________.[A] to[B] with[C] about[D] upon[E] over7.Since she is angry, we ________.[A] had better leaving her alone[B] should leave her alone[C] might as well leave her alone[D] had rather leave her alone[E] must leave her alone8.I wish I ________ to the movies with you last night.[A] went[B] did go[C] could go[D] have gone[E] could have gone9.Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre ________ thecurtain went up.[A] than[B] when[C] before[D] as soon as[E] as10.Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.[A] since[B] for[C] because[D] so that[E] then11.If the doctor had been available, the child ________.[A] would not die[B] would not have died[C] could not die[D] could not have died[E] should not have died12.I’d just as soon ________ rudely to her.[A] that you won’t speak[B] your not speaking[C] you not speak[D] you hadn’t spoken[E] you didn’t speak13.Ten years had elapsed. I found she had ________.[A] a little white hair[B] some white hair[C] much white hair[D] a few white hair[E] a few white hairs14.The electric shaver ________ before it can be used.[A] needs repairing[B] requires to be repaired[C] should be in repair[D] has to be repairable [E] must repairSection IIError-detectionEach question consists of a sentence with five underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], [D] and [E]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and circle the letter of your choice. Only one choice is to be marked. (8 points)EXAMPLE:We the research as as we ; , it did not to be did A good B could C howerver D turn outE satisfactory.ANSWER: [B]15.The president , the deans, planning aof the colledge A together with B areC the purpose of certain regulations.conference for D laying downE 16. convince the director their plan, they aIn order to A to agree with B brought forthC number of reports their argument.xhich D supportedE 17.His method research work is appreciated; he inferiorof A doing B hardly C feels D thanE others.18. A series the lecturers scheduled the next .of debates A between B were C for D weekendE 19.The automobile industry that willis manufacturing A a new type B of a motorCconsume gasoline and much less pollution.less D causeE 20.When his plane the airport , Iarrives A on B in Shanghai C shall already have left D forE Beijing.21.The industrial the direction of machines and people.trend A is B in C more D lessE 22.The workers to work before .were A already B long C he D arrivedE Section III Sentence MakingCombine the given words and phrases into sentences. (4 points)EXAMPLE:His sons / he / their grandmother / to see / just before his last birthday / take ANSWER:Just before his last birthday he took his sons to see their st month / in Europe / travel / she / since24.the decision / as final / frankly / should / not consider 25.to the stranger / talk / there / stand / a while ago / he26.this kind of / can / get used to / I / never / food / eatSection IV Verb FormsFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verb given in parentheses. (14points)EXAMPLE:“Those,” he said, ________ (point) to the books ________ (pile) on the desk, “________ (need) over there now.”ANSWER: pointing; piled; are neededThousands of years ________ (pass) since then; but people still ________ (like) ________ (tell) the story of Leonidas and the brave three hundred who ________(dedicate) their lives to their country.ANSWER: have passed; like; to tell; dedicated27.The public demanded that the prices ________ (reduce).28.With the guide ________ (lead) the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.29.I need that book badly. If you go to the bookshop this afternoon, pleaseremember ________ (buy) a copy for me.30.________ (arrive) home at daybreak, he felt dead tired. He ________ (work) allnight.31.________ (exhaust) by his work, he lay down on the bed to take a rest.32.We’ll have to take a roundabout course, for the road ________ (repair).33.No decision ________ (make) about that matter yet. We ________ (still consider)it.34.________ (meet) Tom earlier today, I don’t need to see him again.35.If you ________ (go) on at the present rate, you ________ (use) up all thepetroleum by the end of the month.36.The building is said ________ (destroy) in a fire two years ago.37.The car ________ (go) at the present speed until it reaches the foot of themountain at about ten o’clock tonight.Section V Cloze TestFill in the blanks with proper words (10 points)In recent years television has become the most popular form of entertainment. It38does not look as if it will be popular in the world of the future. In fact it looks as if television will become more popular than ever. New systems of television have39been made possible the discovery of the laser. A laser is a beam of light that has many strange qualities. By using a laser, it is possible to throw every large and40very clear television pictures on a screen. These pictures may be as large as 41three meters . Many people could watch this kind of television together.42Laser beams have also made very thin television sets . These sets can be hung on the wall of a room like a large picture. Another development in the future43will be three dimensional television; the picture will look more ‘real’ it will have depth as well as height and length.In the near future you will be able to buy your favourite television programmes 4445already on tapes. They will be like the tapes are used in small cassette tape recorders today. You will also be able to record television programmes and play 4647them later. The laser beam will make possible.Section VI Chinese-English TranslationTranslate the following into English. (10 points)48.这门课我们越学越喜欢。
1981年考研英语真题及答案
with the situation. [A] so [B] that [C] so that [D] therefore [E] that is why
5. He was afraid he would have to ________ her invitation to the party. [A] refute [B] refuse [C] return [D] ignore [E] decline
12. I’d just as soon ________ rudely to her. [A] that you won’t speak [B] your not speaking [C] you not speak [D] you hadn’t spoken [E] you didn’t speak
1981 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研英语历年翻译真题及译文(共44篇)
一. 1980考研英语翻译真题及答案Section VI Chinese-English Translation将下列句子译成英语：（本大题共20分，第1题2分，其余各题均3分）Section VI: Chinese-English Translation (20 points)1.水一煮沸请立即把开关关掉。
1. Please turn off the switch (switch off) as soon as the water boils.2. 在八十年代，中国人民将以更大的步伐向前迈进。
2. The Chinese people will forge ahead (march on, march onward, march forward) with greater strides in 1980’s.3. 我们都同意李同志已作出的决定。
3. We all agree to the decision comrade Li has made (made).4. 这个结果比我们预期的要好得多。
4. The result is much (far) better than we expected.5. 在过去的三年中，在恢复我国国民经济方面做了大量的工作。
5. During the past three years a lot (of work) has been done in the recovery (restoration) of our national economy (in recovering our national economy; in restoring our national economy).6. 我们把英语作为学习西方先进科学技术的一种工具。
6. We use English as a tool in learning Western advanced science and technology.7. 没有党的领导，我国的社会主义现代化是不可能实现的。
1981年考研英语考题和答案
1981年考研英语考题和答案Section IStructure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the five choices given would most suitably complete the sentence. Circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled (14 points)EXAMPLE:The guests said that they wouldn’t mind ________.[A] to have a little light music[B] having a little light music[C] have a little light music[D] if they have a little light music[E] that they have a little light musicANSWER: [B]1.She has been working in this factory ________.[A] after 1968[B] in 1968[C] since 1968[D] for 1968[E] until 19682.We can’t understand why he avoided ________ to us.[A] to speak[B] speech[C] having spoken[D] speaking[E] to have spoken3.I am interested in ________ you have told me.[A] which[B] all that[C] all what[D] that[E] everything of which4.It is because she is too inexperienced ________ she does not know how to deal with the situation.[A] so[B] that[C] so that[D]therefore[E] that is why5.He was afraid he would have to ________ her invitation to the party.[A] refute[B] refuse[C] return[D] ignore[E] decline6.She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed ________.[A] to[B] with[C] about[D] upon[E] over7.Since she is angry, we ________.[A] had better leaving her alone[B] should leave her alone[C] might as well leave her alone[D] had rather leave her alone[E] must leave her alone8.I wish I ________ to the movies with you last night.[A] went[B] did go[C] could go[D] have gone[E] could havegone9.Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre ________ the curtain went up.[A] than[B] when[C] before[D] as soon as[E] as10.Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.[A] since[B] for[C] because[D] so that[E] then11.If the doctor had been available, the child________.[A] would not die[B] would not have died[C] could not die[D] could not have died[E] should not have died12.I’d just as soon ________ rudely to her.[A] that you won’t speak[B] your not speaking[C] you not speak[D] you hadn’t spoken[E] you didn’t speak13.Ten years had elapsed. I found she had ________.[A] a little whitehair[B] some white hair[C] much white hair[D] a few white hair[E] a few white hairs14.The electric shaver ________ before it can be used.[A] needs repairing[B] requires to be repaired[C] should be in repair[D] has to be repairable[E] must repairSectionIIError-detectionEach question consists of a sentence with five underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], [D] and [E]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and circle the letter of your choice. Only one choice is to be marked. (8 points)EXAMPLE:We didA the research as goodB as we couldC; howerverD, it did not turn outE to be satisfactory.ANSWER: [B]15.The president of the colledgeA, together withB the deans, areC planning a conference forD the purpose of laying downE certain regulations.16.In order toA convince the director to agree withB their plan, they brought forthC a number of reports xhichD supportedE their argument.17.His method ofA doingB research work is hardlyC appreciated; he feelsD inferior thanE others.18.A series of debatesA betweenB the lecturers wereC scheduled forD the next weekendE.19.The automobile industry is manufacturingAa new typeB of a motorC that will consume lessD gasoline and causeE much less pollution.20.When his plane arrivesA onB the airport in ShanghaiC, I shall already have leftD forE Beijing.21.The industrial trendA isB inC the direction of moreD machines and lessE people.22.The workers wereA alreadyB to work longC before heD arrivedE.Section IIISentence MakingCombine the given words and phrases int0 sentences. (4 points)EXAMPLE:His sons / he / their grandmother / to see / just before his last birthday / takeANSWER:Just before his last birthday he took his sons to see their st month / in Europe / travel / she / since24.the decision / as final / frankly / should / not consider25.to the stranger / talk / there / stand / a while ago / he26.this kind of / can / get used to / I / never / food / eatSection IVVerb FormsFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verb given in parentheses. (14 points)EXAMPLE:“Those,” he said, ________ (point) to the books ________ (pile) on the desk, “________ (need) over there now.”ANSWER: pointing; piled; are neededThousands of years ________ (pass) since then; but people still ________ (like)________ (tell) the story of Leonidas and the brave three hundred who ________ (dedicate) their lives to their country.ANSWER: have passed; like; to tell; dedicated27.The public demanded that the prices________ (reduce).28.With the guide ________ (lead) the way, we set off on foot int0 the dark night.29.I need that book badly. If you go to the bookshop this afternoon, please remember ________ (buy) a copy for me.30.________ (arrive) home at daybreak, he felt dead tired. He ________ (work) all night.31.________ (exhaust) by his work, he lay down on the bed to take a rest.32.We’ll have to take a roundabout course, for the road ________ (repair).33.No decision ________ (make) about that matter yet. We ________ (still consider) it.34.________ (meet) Tom earlier today, I don’t need to see him again.35.If you ________ (go) on at the present rate, you ________ (use) up all the petroleum by the end of the month.36.The building is said ________ (destroy) in a fire two years ago.37.The car ________ (go) at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about ten o’clock tonight.Section VCloze TestFill in the blanks withproper words (10 points)In recent years television has become the most popular form of entertainment. It does not look as if it will be 大38家 popular in the world of the future. In fact it looks as if television will become more popular than ever. New systems of television have been made possible 大39家 the discovery of the laser. A laser is a beam of light that has many strange qualities. By using a laser, it is possible to throw every large and very clear television pictures on 大40家 a screen. These pictures may be as large as three meters 大41家. Many people could watch this kind of television ser beams have also made very thin television sets 大42家. These sets can be hung on the wall of a room like a large picture. Another development in the future will be three dimensional television; the picture will look more ‘real’大43家 it will have depth as well as height and length.In the near future you will be able to buy your favourite television programmes already 大44家on tapes. They will be like the tapes 大45家 are used in small cassette tape recorders today. You will also be able to record television programmes and play them大46家 later. The laser beam will make 大47家possible.Section VIChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following int0 English. (10 points)48.这门课我们越学越喜欢。
英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案
1997年:English to ChineseOpera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment （完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.【参考答案】欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。
历年英语专业八级翻译真题及参考译文
历年英语专业八级翻译真题及参考译文历年英语专业八级翻译真题及参考译文（1995—2006 + 2007）1995年专8翻译部分参考译文C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: themore you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.E-C原文I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost ofgasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.参考译文：对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。
专八历年翻译答案
专八翻译第一部分汉译英1.2000年试题中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。
与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些不足，后天也常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。
它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。
世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。
第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。
这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。
世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。
在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。
这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。
中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆。
它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。
The first generation museums of sciences are those devoted to natural history, which show through fossils and specimens the evolutionary changes of the earth and organisms. Those of the second generation are museums of industrial technology exhibiting achievements made in various periods of the industrial age. These two types of museums, while functioning as disseminators of scientific knowledge, treat their visitors as mere viewers.Science museums of the third generation are entirely different from their predecessors. They stress visitor participation, encouraging those interested to make detailed study of the exhibits on their own by trying their hands on them. The experience so gained will enable them to understand advanced technologies better and help them in their quest for what is still unknown in science（陶文好李孚声，《2000年英语专业八级汉译英词汇误译心理认知分析》，《上海科技翻译》，2001年第1期第36-41页）2.2001年试题乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。