(含答案)社会心理学期末考试复习题英文版

一、单选题(每题1分，共20分)1.Which of the following is not the scope of social psychology?( D )A. people’s thoughtsB. people’s feelingsC. people’s behaviorsD. people’s present2.Whether you prefer slim or voluptuous female beauty depends on when and where in the world you live. This phenomenon displays ( C)A. social behavior is biologically rooted.B. we construct our social reality.C. social influences shape our behaviorD. social psychology’s principles are applicable in everyday life.3.To evaluate surveys, we must bear in mind four potentially biasing influences. Which of the following is belonging to those potentially biasing influence?( A)A. Unrepresentative samplesB. ControlC. Independent variableD. Informed consent4.Take the phenomenon of College Students' love mate choice as an example, the following is not a research level of social psychology.（A）A .The proportion of loveB. Mate choice attitudeC .Attraction factorD .Love relationship5.Which of the following dosen’t belong to the main characteristic in heart of an individual learned helplessness?( D)A．low self-efficacyB．negative thinkingC．emotional disordersD．good interpersonal relationship6.On matters of opinion, we find support for our positions by overestimating the extent to which others agree. The phenomenon is called( B)A.false uniqueness effectB.false consensus effectC.self-esteemD.self-reference effect7.when show an animated underwater scene, Japanese spontaneously recalled 60 percent more background features than did Americans, and they spoke of more relationships. Americans, as confirmed in a follow-up eye-tracking study, attend more to the focal object, such as a single big fish, and attend less to the surroundings. The example above essentially embodies?( A )A.the difference between individualism and collectivismB.the difference between self-respect and inferiorityC.the difference between optimism and pessimismD. the difference between active and passive8. Which of the following does not belong to the independent personalityof self concept?( B)A.Personal, defined by individual traits and goalsB.ConformityC.“To thine own self be ture”D.support the individualistic Western9.____ is a tendency to search for information that prove one's preconceptions. ( A)A.Confirmation biaB.Belief perseveranceC.OverconfidenceD.Counterfactual thinking10.Attribution theory is the theory of how people explain other's ___. ( D)A.dispositionsB.emotionsC.thinkingsD.behaviors11.Which of the following options is not one of the ABCs of Attitudes?（ C ）A. affectB. behaviorC. beliefD. cognition12. Which of the following options is the function of attitude on behavior（B）A．decide B. predict C. change D. strength13.When saying becomes believing？（A）A. when there is no compelling，extern al explanation for one’s wordsB. when there is no one disagrees what you saidC. when you believe in what you saidD. when people believe in what you said14.What is involved in Asch’s Study of Group Pressure? (B)A.SuggestibilityparisonC.The chameleon effectD.Obedience15.What don’t breed obedience? ( D )A.The victim’s distanceB.Closeness and legitimacy of the authorityC.InstitutionalD.Norm formation16.Why conform? ( D)A.Bystander effectB.Emotional contaglonC.The effect of unanimityD.Normative influence and informational influence17.The key to the change of attitude is ( A ).A.the incentive of the strongB.tend to be motivated byC. to reach the equilibrium state ofD. the avoidance of motivation18.To promote, maintain and regulate individual behavior, so that the psychological process of a certain goal, known as ( A).A.motivationB.needC.attentionD.interested19. Cause the main cause of deindividuation is ( D).A. group polarizationB. social loafingC. conformity D . anonymity20. Sometimes when group together to complete a job, each of the members of efforts to fulfil the task than the individual in a separate case when the phenomenon of fewer, it usually occur in multiple individual cooperation for a common goal, their work performance and cannot be calculated separately. This is called ( B).A. social facilitationB. social loafingC. deindividuationD. group polarization21. Psychologists believe that, in general，deindividuation can make individual aggression（ C ）A. uncertaintyB. invariantC. increaseD. decrease22. Group strengthen we itself has no point of view is called ( B)A. the effects of social arousalB. social facilitationC. deindividuationD. group polarization23. Low limit contact group under the circumstance of not including ( A)A. social facilitationB. social loafingC. desocializationD. deindividuation24. Individual because of the pressure group, with groups in the psychological and behavior in most of the people to maintain consistent phenomenon called ( C)A. assimilateB. obeyC. conformityD. internalization25. The presence of others can affect helping behavior. Usually, the more people present, the more helping behavior ( A)A. the lessB. more difficult to predictC. the moreD. the more rapid increase26.Why conform? ( D)A.Bystander effectB.Emotional contaglonC.The effect of unanimityD.Normative influence and informational influence27.What can’t predicts conformity?(D)A.Group sizeB.CohesionC.Public responseD.Prior commitment28.How many people will have a largest effect in conformity? ( B)A.1-3B.3-5C.5-7D.7-929.Which of the following options is not one of the ABCs of Attitudes?（C）A. affectB. behaviorC. beliefD. cognition30. Which of the following options is the function of attitude on behavior（B）A．decide B. predict C. change D. strength31.When saying becomes believing？（A）A. when there is no compelling，external explanation for one’s wordsB. when there is no one disagrees what you saidC. when you believe in what you saidD. when people believe in what you said32.which of the following options is true about impression management? ( B)A. our attitudes change because we are motivated to maintain consistency among our cognition.B. we express attitudes that match our actions.C. we express attitudes to leave a good impression to others.D. the aboves are wrong.33.how consistent is the person's behavior in this sitiation is( A)A,consistencyB,distinctivenessC,consensusD,confomity34.How specific is the person's behavior to this paticular situation is( B)A,consistencyB,distinctivenessC,consensusD,confomity35.To wahat extent do others in this situation behave similary is（C ）A,consistencyB,distinctivenessC,consensusD,confomity36.with consistency,distinctiveness yes,we atttibute one'behavior to ( A) A,external attributionB,internal attributionC,disposition attributionD,situational attribution37.Humans tend to put themselves as the center of everything and intuition overestimate the attention degree of others to us. what effect it reflects? ( C )A. primacy effectB.recency effectC.spotlight effectD.stark effect38.Which one organizes our thoughts, feelings, and actions. Besides, it enables us to remember our past, assess, our present, and project our future and thus to behave adaptively.( A )A.sense of selfB.self-schemasC.self-efficacyD.self-esteem39.Social Psychology in which year separating from sociology and psychology？（C）A. 1906B. 1907C. 1908D. 191040. Social psychology is an about what subject？( A)A. environmentB. humanityC. culturalD. society二、多选题(每题1分，共20分)1.What is including of the social influence?（ACD ）A. culture and biologyB. prejudiceC. pressures to conformD. persuasionE. aggression2.What is including of the social relations?（CDE ）A.groups of peopleB. our attitudesC. prejudiceD. attraction and intimacyE. helping3.What is including of the social thinking?（BCE ）A.culture and biologyB. what we believeC. judgments we makeD. groups of peopleE. our attitudes4.Which is idea of social thinking? ( ABC )A.we construct our social realityB. our social intuitions are powerful, something perilousC. attitudes shape, and are shaped by ,behaviorD. social influences shape behaviorE. dispositions shape behavior5.which of them were collectivism( AB )A.giving priority to the goal of a groupB.Giving priority to the ambition of a groupC.Individual goalsD.individual ambitions6.which of them were individualism( AB )A.individual goalsB.Individual ambitionsC.Collective goalsD.Collective ambitions7.which of them are .self-reference effect( AB )-letter effectB.Birthday-number effectC.Spotlight effectD.Possible selves8.which of them are passible selves（AB ）A.dream to become who you want to beB.Afraid of becoming who you dislikeC.Self-schemaD.Spotlight effect9.conterfactual thinking is( AD )A,alternative image B,factual memory C,have happened D,didn't happened 10.harold kelly attribute our behavior to internal or external causes with the factor( ABC )A,consistency B,distinctiveness C,consensus D,conformity11. Why does our behavior affect our attitudes ( ABC )A self-presentation: impression managementB self-justification: cognitive dissonanceC self-perceptionD social movement12. How well do our attitudes predict our behavior (ABD )A. when attitudes predict behaviorB. when attitudes are potentC. when saying becomes believingD. when the attitude corresponds very closely to the predicted behavior13 When does our behavior affect our attitude ( ABD )A. role playingB. social movementsC. comparing theoriesD. evil and moral acts14Who is more likely to resist the pressure to conformity ( ABC )A.People who is humaneB.People who is democraticC.People who is individualisticD.People who is patrioticE.People who is selfish15.Why do the results of these classic experiments so often startle people? ( CE )A.Because we expect people to act in accord with their dispositionB.Because the situation they areC.Because the fundamental attribution errorD.Because the conformity and obedienceE.Because the attribution bias16.Four factors that determined obedience were the victim’s emotional distance. They are( CDE )A.The authority’s supportB.The critics he received from authorityC.The authori ty’s closeness and legitimacyD.Whether or not the authority was part of respected institutionE.The liberating effects of a disobedient fellow participant17.（AB ）is right about central route.A. the aidience is analytical and motivated.B. its process is high effort and elaborate.C. it has rule of thumb heuristics.D. central route to persuasion is often only temporarily.18.（BCD ）is wrong about attitude inoculation.A. exposing people to weak attack upon their attitudes so that when stronger attacks come, they will have refutationsavailable.B. the way the message is delivered -- whether face-to-face, in writing, on film, or in some other way.C. occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts.D. occurs when people are influenced by incieental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness.19.How do individuals influence the group? （ACD ）A.defections from the majorityB.prestigeC.consistencyD.self-confidence20.The ways that Vincent Brown and Paul Paulus have identified to enhance group brainstorming including? ( ABC )bine group and solitary brainstormingB.have group members interact by writingC.incorporate electronic brainstormingD.group members do their work alone21. （AD ）are the two routes to persuasion.A. central routeB. intermediary routeC. peripheric routeD. peripheral route22. （ABCD ）are the Elements of Persuasion.A. how is it said.B. to whom is it said.C.what is it said.D. who says.23. （AB ）aren't recency effect's point.A. more common than primacy effect.B. other things being equal, information presented first usually has the most influence.C. information presented last something has the most influence.D. less common than primacy effect.24. （BC ）is the involvement.A. the process by which media influence often occurs.B. personal relevance of the issue.C. high-involvement audience are more motivated to exert the effort to process a persuasive message.D. the individual's tendency to engage in and enjoy thinking.25. How can persuasion be resisted. （ACD ）A. strengthening personal commitment.B. keep a good feeling.C. real-life applications : inoculation programs.D. implications of attitude inoculation.26.In the Milgram’s experiments about the ethics, the “teachers” did experience agony. They ( ABE )A.SweatedB.TrembledC.RelaxedD.ExcitedE.Stuttered27.From Ervin Staub’s study of human genocide across the world, Staub (2003) shows ( AB )A.Where gradually increasing aggression can leadB.Where gradually increasing invasion can leadC.Where gradually increasing aberration can leadpliance bred acceptanceE.Criticism produces contempt28.Conformity is affected by ( BE )A.Where people actB.How people actC.Other people actD.When people actE.What people act29.Who is more likely to resist the pressure to conformity ( ABC )A.People who is humaneB.People who is democraticC.People who is individualisticD.People who is patrioticE.People who is selfish30.Why does our behavior affect our attitudes ( ABC )A self-presentation: impression managementB self-justification: cognitive dissonanceC self-perceptionD social movement31.How well do our attitudes predict our behavior (ABD )A when attitudes predict behaviorB when attitudes are potentC when saying becomes believingD when the attitude corresponds very closely to the predicted behavior32.When does our behavior affect our attitude ( ABD )A role playingB social movementsC comparing theoriesD evil and moral acts33.Which of the following statements is wrong ( AB )A Role play can not predict our attitudeB the foot-in-the-door is not very effectiveC The law of behavior decision attitude may lead to unethical behaviorD Positive behavior to others will enhance the impression of the people34.representasion heuristic is( AC )A,category judgementB,likelihood judgementC,discounting important partD,overweighting vivid instance35.availability heuristic is ( BD )A,category judgementB,likelihood judgementC,discounting important partD,overweighting vivid instance36.conterfactual thinking is( AD )A,alternative imageB,factual memoryC,have happenedD,didn't happened37.harold kelly attribute our behavior to internal or external causes with the factor( ABC )A,consistencyB,distinctivenessC,consensusD,conformity38.which of them are .self-reference effect( AB )-letter effectB.Birthday-number effectC.Spotlight effectD.Possible selves39.which of them are passible selves（AB ）A.dream to become who you want to beB.Afraid of becoming who you dislikeC.Self-schemaD.Spotlight effect40. Social psychology is a subject which studies which problems？（ABC ）A.What is our faith.B.Culture and the pressure of biological conformity.C.Attraction and intimacy.D.How to survive.E.Cooperation and competition.三、填空题(每空1分，共10分)1.Our instant intuitions shape our fears,(_impressions)____,and _(relationships)_____.2. Kelley's theory of attributions include three factors---_(distinctiveness) _,_(consistency)_,and _(consensus)_____.3. The “ABCs” of attitudes: _ affect behavior and cognition4. For the optimist, the effect of_(positive persuasion )_is better; for the pessimist, the effect of_(negative persuasion)_ is better.5. To reduce and eliminate cognitive dissonance we can:Change cognition Change behavior and Increase third party cognition6. evaluating one’s opinions and abilities by comparing oneself with others is called_ (social comparison )_.7. The “ABCs” of attitudes: _ affect behavior and cognition8. our thinking is partly _(controlled)__and-more than psychologists once supposed-partly (automatic).9.If the two kinds of information are continuously present, and then after a period of time, the (primacy effect) will appear, especially in the case of the first kind of information is more so.四、改错题(每题1分，共5分)1.The social relations including of prejudice ,aggression ,attraction and intimacy ,helping. 正确2.Our social intuitions are always powerful. 错误3.We exhibit unrealistic optimism about our future. 正确4.Most people suffer from low self esteem or feels of inferiority, Because of self-serving bias. 错误5.Help people fosters liking. 正确6.Reactance,Unanimity let us be different. 错误7.One person coughs,laughs,or yawns,and others are soon doing the same. it’s Mood linkage. 正确8.Conformity meas a change in behavior or belief as the result of real or imagined group pressure正确9.The central route can lead to a more stable attitude and behavior change, and the impact of the external route to the short and superficial.正确10.The enhancement of dominant responses is strongest when people think they are being evaluated.错五、简释题(每题5分，共20分)1. 1.correlational research：The study of the naturally occurring relationships amongvariables.2.Confirmation bias：a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions3.learned helplessness：The hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or ananimal perceives no control over repeated bad events.4. social facilitation:Original meaning :the tendency of people to perform simple or well-learned tasks better when others are present)(current meaning :the strengthening of dominant responses in the presence of others5.Conformity:A change in behavior or belief as result of real or imagined group pressure.6. Priming：priming is the awkening or activating of certain association.2.7. social psychology:The scientific study of how people think about ,influence andrelate to one another.8. Role：A set of norms that defines how people in given social position ought to behave.六、简答题(每题5分，共15分)1.Reasons for focus effect and illusion transparency?Answer:·a) Social surroundings affect our self-awareness.As individuals in a group of a different culture·b) Self-interest colors our social judgment.When problems arise in a close relationship such as marriage,we usually attribute more responsibility to our partners than to ourselves.·c) Self concerned about the social nature of the excitation.Human behavior tends to have a certain strategy2. What paths lead to persuasion?Answer: a) Central route to persuasion:occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts.b) Peripheral route to persuasion:occurs when people are influenced byincidental cues,such as a speaker's attractiveness.3. why do we make the attribution error？Answer:行动者和观察者的不同；聚焦观点偏见；观点在随时变化；自我觉知；文化差异4. Please explain foot-in-the-door phenomenon,and offer an exampleAnswer:答：如果想要别人帮你一个大忙，一个有效的策略是：请他们帮一个小忙。