定语从句
定语从句的类型及例子
定语从句的类型及例子
定语从句的类型主要有三种：限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句和同位语从句。
以下每种类型各举一个例子，中英文间隔呈现：
1. 限制性定语从句
中文：这是一本我曾经读过的书。
英文：This is a book that I have ever read.
限制性定语从句通过提供必要的信息来定义或限制先行词（本句中的“书”），如果去掉定语从句，原句的意义将不完整或发生变化。
2. 非限制性定语从句
中文：我的邻居，一个和蔼的老人，经常帮助我。
英文：My neighbor, who is a kind old man, often helps me.
非限制性定语从句对先行词（本句中的“邻居”）提供额外信息，这些信息不是定义性的，如果去掉定语从句，原句的基本意义仍然完整。
3. 同位语从句
中文：我有一个梦想，那就是环游世界。
英文：I have a dream that is to travel around the world.
同位语从句用于解释或说明先行词（本句中的“梦想”）的具体内容，它与先行词在逻辑上是等同的，通常通过“that”引导从句。
这些例子展示了定语从句的不同类型及其在句子中的应用。
通过正确使用定语从句，我们可以更具体、更生动地描述事物和情境。
定语从句
4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句的人称、数与先行词一致。如：
Those who are in their forties are required to have a physical examination this afternoon.
The passenger and the suitcases that were still waiting had to be transferred to another plane. 仍在等待的乘客和行李只得改乘另一架飞机。(这句的关系代词that不能用which替换，因为它在此句中既指人又指物)
在强调句子中，并且以who，which，what开头时。如：
Who was it that was lost ?究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复）What was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？
当先行词前有序数词时。如：
The book that is on the desk was written by my grandfather.
桌子上的那本书是我祖父写的。（关系代词that在从句中作主语，指物。此句中的that可以用which替换）
Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能为你做点什么呢？（关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物。此句中的that不能用which替换）
我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。
当先行词被the last ，the very 和the only修饰时。如：
This is the very pen that I am looking for.这正是我找的钢笔。
（完整版）定语从句详解+例句
Attributive Clause定语从句一、定义定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。
换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
1关系代词：在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分2关系副词：在定语从句中担任状语成分关系词3个功能：1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）；2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）；3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语的是： who, that, which, as宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as定语的是： whose, which先行词是人时，关系代词是：who, whom, that, as先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, whose, as关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。
唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
定语从句详解(很全)
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as。
关系副词有：when,where,why,how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。
当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一、定语从句的翻译许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一个”，who不能译为“谁”，when不能译为“什么时候”，where不能译为“什么地方”，等等。
首先，我们必须要明白一点，那就是引导定语从句的which,who,when,where,why等是关系词（关系代词或关系副词），而不是疑问词，所以不能按疑问词的意思来理解。
前面我们讲到，英语中的定语从句总是后置的，即要放在被修饰名词或代词之后；但在汉语中，定语通常是前置的，也就是说定语要放在被修饰名词的前面，并通常表现为“……的”这样的形式。
当我们翻译英语中定语从句的时候，一般可以按汉语习惯，将定语从句翻译在被修饰的名词或代词之前，而其中的关系词一般就是译成汉语中的“……的”。
如：He showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。
句中的that he had written为修饰名词the article的定语从句，翻译时就可译为“他写的文章”，其中的关系代词that在此译成了“的”字。
She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚到的那列火车上。
英语所有定语从句大全
英语所有定语从句大全什么是定语从句？定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，它通常放在被修饰词之后。
定语从句起到限定和补充被修饰名词或代词的作用。
定语从句的分类定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对被修饰词进行限定的从句，如果删除该从句，主句的意思会受到严重影响。
例：The book that is on the table is mine.这本放在桌子上的书是我的。
2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对被修饰词进行补充说明的从句，如果删除该从句，主句的意思仍然可以完整表达。
例：John, who is a doctor, is my neighbor.约翰是我的邻居，他是个医生。
定语从句的引导词定语从句通常由引导词引导，以下是一些常用的引导词：- 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that- 关系副词：where, when, why关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物的名词，以下是各个关系代词的用法和例句：1. who- 用法：修饰人，并在定语从句中作主语。
- 例句：The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
2. whom- 用法：修饰人，并在定语从句中作宾语。
- 例句：The woman whom I met yesterday is a famous actress. 我昨天遇到的那位女士是一位著名的演员。
3. whose- 用法：修饰人或物，并表示所属关系。
- 例句：The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police. 那个车被盗的男子向警方报案了。
4. which- 用法：修饰物，并在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例句：The book which is on the shelf is very interesting.在书架上的那本书非常有趣。
定语从句归纳
定语从句（the attributive clause）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。
二．定语从句的结构及种类1.结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它2.种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词：who，whom, whose, that ,which, as2.关系副词：when，where，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。
五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。
六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。
The boy who is standing over there is Tom.He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that可以省略。
I like the present (that) my father sent me.③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoThe boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that①当先行词为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时Is there anything that I can do for you?②当先行词为不定代词all时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.③当先行词被all, some, any修饰时These are all the things that I have done today.④当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.⑤当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时This is the cleaning room that you can see here.⑥time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时This is the last time that I’ll give you pocket money.⑦尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如：那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
英语语法讲解之定语从句
英语语法讲解之定语从句一、几个基本概念1.定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/which/whom/whose﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why﹙3﹚引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
﹙4﹚引导词的功能(作用)：①连接先行词和定语从句。
②在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
5.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句Eg.The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导Eg.The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.=I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.=介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在相关动词之后。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.※﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
定语从句_语法知识归纳
定语从句语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
一．关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表：例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
英语定语从句
定语从句先行词指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词。
一般出现在定语从句的前面关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
作宾语时可省略。
I have an apple which is red. This is the place that(which) we visited last time.I have an apple that is green. He is still the boy that he was ten years ago.主句为完整的句子时大多用关系副词，WHEN WHERE WHY主句不完整时用关系代词代指人的有 who whom that代指物的有 which that 表…………的时用 whose1、who, which, that限定性定语从句中的关系代词可理解为必要从句。
The first English book that I read was "The Prince and the Pauper" by Mark Twain. 我读的第一本书是马克·吐温写的《王子与贫儿》。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时;He talked about the teachers and school that he visited. 他在讲他以前访问过的学校和老师。
(5)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that;Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 那个站在门口的人是谁?(6)关系代词在从句中作表语时;He is not the man that he used to be. 他以前不是这样的人。
注:which在定语从句中指物，可作主语、及物动词或介词的宾语，作宾语时可省略;that在定语从句中既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
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初三英语学案Book 6 Lesson 40 。
1．主语从句What I want is just food.When he will come is important for us .Weather he will come here is still a question.=It is still aquestion whether he will come hereThat light travels in straight lines is known to all.= It is known to all that light travels in straight lines2．前置定语后置定语my book a holiday of seven daysa seven-day holiday something importanta good holiday a country developing fast定语的定义:1. 用来修饰某个名词或代词2. 可以放在名词之前；也可以放在名词或代词之后3在翻译时通常带有一个“的”定语从句:1.当定语成分由一个句子来充当时，这个句子就叫定语从句，即用一个句子去修饰另一个句子中的某个名词或代词This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling定语从句通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词后2.定语从句的必备两要素This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling先行词关系词例如:1.You are the right man whom we are looking for.2.I’ve spent all the money which was given by my parents.3.I will never forget the day when I joined the party.4.This is the factory where the machines are made.关系词的选择方法一:当that，who ，whom，which 做宾语时，可以省略，前有介词除外。
The film （that）we saw is interesting.Ther man from whom I got the book is my teacher.关系词的选择方法二:把先行词还原到定语从句中去, 看看是放在主语，宾语，表语还是状语的位置上，最终来确定引导词．The students _______ don’t study hard will not pass the exam. (who)做主语The woman _____you saw in the park is our Chinese teacher.(whom/that) 做宾语The factory where he works is famous . 做地点状语The factory that/which he visited yesterday is famous. 做宾语体会例句:1. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to?2.Do you know the boy whose leg was broken when he fell out of a tree?3.The film that/which we saw last night was wonderful.4. The man who was here a minute ago is my uncle.5.They’ll never forget the days t hat/which they spent in the countryside.6. They’ll nev er forget the days when they studied together只能用that不能用which的情况(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow(2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
This is the first book (that) he has read.(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
This is the very book that belongs to him.(5)先行词指人又指事物They talked about the people and things (that) they met at college.(6) 避免重复Who is the girl who is crying ？只能用which不能用that的情况(1) 非限定性定语从句，即有逗号隔开的定语从句He came back ，which made me happy。
(2) 以介词开头的定语从句,即介词前置的定语从句This is the room which/that Chairman Mao once lived in==This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.==This is the room where Chairman Mao once lived.(3) 定语从句修饰的是前面整句话He passed the exam, which surprised everyone in our class.学习when, where, why 引导的定语从句1.The school where I worked is 9 km from my home.2. The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.3. The time when I joined the ANC was the 5th of August.4. The government building where we voted was very tall.5. The date when I arrived was late at night.一:请问填什么? 试一试吧!1.The time ______ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2.The school ______ I studied for only two years was 3 km away.3.The day _______ Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.4.The parts of town ________ they had to live were decided by white people.5.The places _______ they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.6.After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when7.It was an exciting moment for these people this year, ______ for the first time their team won the World Cup.A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when8.Can you still think of the village ____________he once worked?Can you still think of the village _____________he once visited?9.I will always remember the hours ___________we lived together.I will always remember the hours ____________ we spent together.二: 单项选择:1.It is the most important work _________ should be finished soon.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whose2. This lesson is the second one _______we learned last week.A. /B. on whichC. when3. Can you tell me the reason ________do you came here ?Ａ．when B. why C. where D. how4. This is the village __________ your grandfather fought with the enemies long ago.A. thatB. in thatC. whereD. which5. The is the place _______ he likes best.A. whereB. thatC. in which6. He is the only person _________ she knows in Japan.A. whoB. thatC. which7. Have you find the information _______ you can use for your report.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. it8. Is it the river _________ I can swim ?A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. it9. Can you lend me the book _______________ the other day ?A. that you boughtB. you bought itC. that you bought itD. which you bought it10. Anyone ___________with what I said may put up your hands.A. which agreesB. who agreeC. who agreesD. which agree11. The man _________coat is black is my teacher.A. whoB. whoseC. whatD. of which12. The world _________is made up of matter.A. in that we liveB. on which we liveC. where we live inD. we live in13. __________ he said made me realize my mistake.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD. These三: 填空:1.The first thing _______you must do is to have a rest.2.April 1 st is the day _________ is called Fool’s Day.3.The family _________ had lost everything in the big fair got somuch help from theirfriends.4.The house ________ we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man _________ I talked with just now ?四: 综合填空:Do you always agree with your teachers ? Sometimes you have a different answer t _______ a maths problem. Or perhaps they scold (责备)you when you don’t think you did anything w ________.What do you do then ? A story said that more and more students are speaking out and even quarrelling w _______their teachers .It is good for students to say what they think. In the past , f _________Chinese students dared speak back to their teachers. It was a rule that w _______ the teachers said is always right. But now students are beginning to think more b ______themselves and dare to say what they want.But students should choose a right way to speak out .We should respect (尊敬)teachers. They are older t ________ you and have more experience. So never u ____________rude words when you don’t agree with them.Try to find the right time to talk to your teacher. For e ______, discuss the problem after class.Lesson40一： 1. when 2. where 3. when 4. where 5. where 6. B 7. C8. where that/ which 9. when that/which二: CABCB 6-10 BABAC 11-13 BDC三:1. that 2. that /which 3. that / who 4. that/ which 5. who/whom/that四: 1.to 2.wrong 3.with 4.few 5.what 6.by 7.than e 9.example。