2017陕西中考介词

中考介词专项一、介词的功能介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。

介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。

介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。

例如：The boy over there is John’s brother. (定语)The girl will be back in two hours. (状语)Our English teacher is from Australia. (表语)Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)二、常用介词的用法辨析（1）表时间的介词1）at, in on表示时间点用。

例如：at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight。

表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用。

例如：in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。

表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用。

例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。

2）since, after由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与时态连用。

而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与与时态连用。

【活学活用】I haven’t heard from him last summer.five days the boy came back.3）in, after在将来时态中，in与连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思。

After后面只能跟表示的词语。

After与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。

例如：【活学活用】He will be back two months.He will arrive four o’clock.He returned a month.（2）表示地点的介词1）at, in, onat一般指；in一般指或；on表示【活学活用】He arrived Shanghai yesterday.There is a big hole the wall.The teacher put up a picture the wall.2）over, above, onover, on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具体含义不同。

Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是。

above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是。

On 指两个物体表面接触。

【活学活用】There is a bridge the river.We flew the clouds.3）across, throughacross和through均可表示“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同。

Across的含义与on有关，表示动作在进行。

Through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在进行。

【活学活用】The dog ran the grass.The boy swam the river.They walked the forest.4) in front of, in the front ofin front of表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围；in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围。

【活学活用】There are some tall trees the building.The teacher is sitting the classroom.5）in，on，toin表示在某一范围内，该范围，on表示与某地，to表示在某一范围，不属于该范围。

【活学活用】China is the east of Asia.Shandong is the east of Shanxi.Russia is the north of China.6) between ,aamongbetween表示在，among表示在。

（3）表示方式的介词1）by, with, inby 常指乘，或by doing sth 。

with 常指用某种工具。

in 常指用…...方式，用…...语言，用......材料等；【活学活用】He used to go to school bus , but now he gets used to walking .We each see something our eyes .We often write ink .（4）易混淆的介词except, besides除…之外（不包含在整体范围之内）；除…之外（包括在整体范围内）。

【活学活用】Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.三. 介词的固定搭配介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。

记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。

（1）介词与动词的搭配listen , laugh , get , look ，wait , hear , turn , worry , think , spend……等。

（2）介词与名词的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。

（3）介词与形容词的搭配be late , be afraid be good , be interested , be angry , be full , be sorry 等。

随堂练习一.用适当的介词填空1. ---How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt?---I’m going there _______ my car.2. Mum, today is Mother’s Day. Mike and I want to invite you to have dinner _____ us at Zhonglou Restaurant.3. Hangzhou is famous ______ the West Lake.4. Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures ______ a camera.5. Could you tell me if there is a flight to the capital ______ March, 25th?6. We a ll agree ______ you. Let’s start at once.7. There is a big shop ______ the other side of the road.8.---Which necklace have you lost?---The one you gave me _____ my birthday.9. You should take more exercise. It’s good ______ your health.10. It is clear that fish cannot live _______ water.四完型填空(1)A very new, yung officer was at a railway station. He was on his way to visit his mother in 1 town. He wanted to telephone her to tell her the time of his train, 2 she could meet him at the 3 in her car. He looked at all his pockets, but 4 that he did not have the right money for the telephone, so he went on and looked 5 for someone to help him. At last an old soldier came by, and the young officer stopped him and said, “Can you change the money 6 me?”“Wait a moment,” the soldier 7 , and he began to put his hand in his 8 “I’ll see whether I can help you.”“Don’t you know how to speak to an officer?” the young officer said angrily “Now let’s 9 again, Can you change the money for me?”“No, sir,” the old soldier answered 10 .1．A．other B．the other C．another D．one2．A．so B．so that C．because D．when3．A．place B．station C．street D．stop4．A．knew B．thought C．found D．found out5．A．up B．down C．around D．into6．A．to B．with C．for D．and7．A．answered B．spoke C．told D．smiled8．A．coat B．handbag C．wallet D．pocket9．A．start B．to begin C．doing D．ask10．A．easily B．fast C．happily D．quickly(2)One of Charlie Chaplin’s most famous films was “The Gold Rush” The film was set in California in the middle of the 1 century. At that time, gold was discovered in California and thousands of people 2 there to look for gold, so it became 3 as “the gold rush” People said gold co uld 4 be picked up by washing sand from the river in a pan of water. This was known as “panning for gold”In the film, Chaplin and his friend are in California. So far, they have been 5 in their search for gold and have no money at all. They 6 in a snow storm in a small wooden house. They have 7 They are so hungry that they 8 a pair of shoes, by boiling them in a pan of water. Chaplin sits down 9 the table and eats the shoe. He makes it seem as if this is one of the 10 meals that he has ever enjoyed.1.A．nineteen B．ninetieth C．nineteenth D．ninth2.A．went B．left C．climb D．found3.A．famous B．known C．wonderful D．great4.A．hard B．easily C．difficulty D．slowly5.A．unhappy B．unsuccessfully C．unlucky D．unluckily6.A．have got B．meet C．are caught D．live7.A．a little food B．some water C．nothing D．nothing to eat8.A．wear B．cook C．make D．mend9.A．at B．by C．near D．beside10.A．biggest B．dearest C．cheapest D．most delicious。