昆工英语考试必备资料词汇
第一单元
1. Since the other side had taken ________ action, we had no choice but
to defend ourselves.
A. attentive
B. respective
C. offensive
D. passive
2. Japan withdrew from the League of Nations in 1933, and started a
full-scale________ of China.
A. invasion
B. collision
C. erosion
D. eruption
3.Timmy's question caught Jean ________guard, and she told him the se-cret before she knew it.
A. off
B. on
C. against
D. in
4. Ireland ________ beautiful beaches, great restaurants and friendly locals.
A. composes
B. comprises
C. booms
D. boasts
5. All her hard work ________ in the end, and she finally passed the exam.
A. paid back
B. paid off
C. paid out
D. paid up
6. The aircraft base is protected with specially designed shelters which are built to ________ ground and air attacks.
A. withstand
B. withdraw
C. withhold
D. wither
7. If you ________, you manage to resist an enemy or opponent in difficult circumstances and refuse to give in.
A. hold out
B. hold up
C. hold back
D. hold on
8. Both companies are worried about losing business in the face of ________ competition.
A. rigid
B. stiff
C. tight
D. swift
9. Under the state of ________, the police could arrest suspects without charges or warrants.
A. surrounding
B. circulation
C. occupation
D. siege
10. The law will apply equally to men and women except in the ________
of maternity leave.
A. presence
B. case
C. circumstance
D. name
11. The three smaller parties have forged an ________against the government.
A. alloy
B. allegiance
C. ambition
D. alliance
12..What was needed, he said, was ________ action to halt what he called these savage crimes.
A. relative
B. aggressive
C. decisive
D. negative
13.It is ________ that all documents presented are authentic and easily verifiable.
A. trivial
B. crucial
C. especial
D.controversial
14.. The two governments have agreed to ________ in a comprehensive dialogue to resolve the problem.
A. deal
B. participate
C. engage
D. involve 15．By computerizing we could, at a ________, improve efficiency and reduce costs.
A. hit
B. stroke
C. strike
D. tap 16．She was widely ________ to be the best actress of her generation.
A. assumed
B. claimed
C. reckoned
D. responded
17. North Carolina sustained more ________ than any other state during
the Civil War.
A. damages
B. casualties
C. ruins
D. ashes
18. Oil is an important ________ material which can be processed into many
different products, including plastics.
A. crude
B. primitive
C. raw
D. original
19. These tests were so seriously flawed as to ________ the results meaningless.
A. urge
B. tend
C. tender
D. render
20. The ________ of the space shuttle was delayed for 24 hours because of bad weather.
A. plunge
B. launch
C. lift
D. soar√ [11].
第二单元
1.Suggestions from the survey have been into the final design.
A. instilled
B. incorporated
C. condensed
D. probed
2. Massive investment is needed to the production process.
A. disrupt
B. assemble
C. reinforce
D. automate
3.Drivers who park their cars illegally, particularly traffic flow,
deserve to be punished.
A. constructing
B. destructing
C. obstructing
D. destroying
4. The children's excitement is as Christmas gets nearer.
A. counting
B. mounting
C. discounting
D. accounting
5.The company is to launch its new advertising campaign.
A. poised
B. posed
C. proposed
D. propelled
6. The clear message of the scientific reports is that there should be a
cut in car use.
A. dynamic
B. drastic
C. fantastic
D. historic
7. They were accurate in their prediction that he would change her
life .
A. violently
B. literally
C. drastically
D. virtually
8. Stress levels and heart disease are strongly .
A. cohabited
B. correlated
C. cooperated
D. coexisted
9. The whole station seemed to as the express train rushed through.
A. vibrate
B. shiver
C. tremble
D. sway
10. A person's income is the money they earn before tax is deducted
from it.
A. net
B. gross
C. rough
D. entire
1. An anonymous letter police to the possibility of a terrorist attack
at the airport.
A. informed
B. averted
C. alerted
D. reminded
2.Thousands of ex-army officers have found jobs in private security
firms.
A. progressive
B. aggressive
C. lucrative
D. imperative
3. The routine was the same every day, with nothing to relieve
the .
A. monotony
B. autonomy
C. strain
D. diversity
4. The document our company’s recycling policy.
A. outnumbers
B. outlines
C. outweighs
D. outlives
5. She questioned whether it was to stimulate investment in these
regions.
A. flexible
B. feasible
C. feeble
D. fertile
6. He wants his ministers to concentrate on policy, not on drawing
it up.
A. complementing
B. implementing
C. compressing
D. cementing
7. India has always been one of the most religiously countries.
A. converse
B. reverse
C. diverse
D. various
8. He entered the United States in 1988 as a resident because of his
marriage to a U.S. citizen.
A. perpetual
B. migrant
C. registered
D. permanent
9. Ten thousand people a year die of the disease - that's the of the
population of this town.
A. equivalent
B. relevant
C. quantity
D. equality
10.A key task is to get pupils to for themselves the relationship
between success and effort.
A. conceive
B. perceive
C. witness
D. penetrate
第三单元
1.We're hoping to get somewhere in the of ￡70 000 for our house.
A. downtown
B. neighborhood
C. vicinity
D. phase
2. Suddenly she was rich her wildest dreams.
A. over
B. in
C. beyond
D. on
3. As a reporter, I was paid to into other people's lives.
A. pierce
B. penetrate
C. peer
D. pry
4. Although she often disagreed with me, she was always .
A. courageous
B. courteous
C. advantageous
D. spontaneous
5.They found the jungle virtually .
A. impenetrable
B. impressive
C. implicit
D. immune
6.In her bright yellow coat, she was easily in the crowd.
A. variable
B. justifiable
C. reliable
D. identifiable
7. Economists emphasize quantities -- the number of jobs, the
per capita income(国民平均收入).
9．The story should act as a warning to other buyers.
A. respective
B. prosperous
C. prospective
D. passive
10. He decided to up on his initial research and write a book.
A. trace
B. pursue
C. follow
D. set
1.We're hoping to get somewhere in the of ￡70 000 for our house.
A. downtown
B. neighborhood
C. vicinity
D. phase
2. Suddenly she was rich her wildest dreams.
A. over
B. in
C. beyond
D. on
3. As a reporter, I was paid to into other people's lives.
A. pierce
B. penetrate
C. peer
D. pry
4. Although she often disagreed with me, she was always .
A. courageous
B. courteous
C. advantageous
D. spontaneous
5.They found the jungle virtually .
A. impenetrable
B. impressive
C. implicit
D. immune
6.In her bright yellow coat, she was easily in the crowd.
A. variable
B. justifiable
C. reliable
D. identifiable
7. Economists emphasize quantities -- the number of jobs, the
per capita income(国民平均收入).
9．The story should act as a warning to other buyers.
A. respective
B. prosperous
C. prospective
D. passive
10. He decided to up on his initial research and write a book.
A. trace
B. pursue
C. follow
D. set
第四单元
11. Today, household chores have been made much easier by electrical
[A] appliances
12. The tenant must be prepared to decorate the house ____ the terms of the contract[C] in accordance with
13. At the beginning of each course, the teacher should give a very ____ explanation of his plan for this course. [A] comprehensive
14. The Space Age ____ in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the former Soviet Union[D] commenced
15. A bad cold ____ him to his bed last week[B] confined
16. It is high time that you ____ the test paper and ____ it in.
[B] finished, handed
17. Her parents wanted to change her mind so they tried to ____ her to their way of thinking[A] convert
18. In the early 1990s various measures were ____ to encourage savings, stimulate investment and motivate workers' effort[A] implemented
19. I wouldn't ____ to interfere. Instead, I let my students make their own decisions. [B] presume
20. While both plans were perfectly sensible, only one seemed ____ in China's particular situation[C] feasible
21. At first the institute refused to buy the instruments, but this decision was ____ revised. [D] subsequently
22. Provided that my expenses ____, I will go with you for the investigation next week[A] are paid for
23. Let us hope that ____ a nuclear war, the human beings might survive
[A] in the event of
24. All the year she has been ____ between optimism and despair.
[C] fluctuating
25. The scientists at the University of Bern in Switzerland have used
a weakened virus that is not ____ and has proved safe and effective.
[A] infectious
第五单元
1. We wanted to book a hotel room in July but there were no .
A. facilities
B. accommodations
C. vacancies
D. reserves 2．The two presidents have had talks about the current crisis.
A. candid
B. humid
C. cautious
D. alert
3. The of the nation’s gold wealth for the benefit of a foreign power
instilled in Brazilians a protective attitude toward mineral reserves.
A. disposition
B. dissipation
C. dispersion
D. dispense
4.The child had a weak and was always ill.
A. composition
B. circulation
C. constitution
D. coordination
5. No matter how often they , their welcome never wears out.
A. pull up
B. let up
C. throw up
D. turn up
6. I was a little taken at the directness of the question.
A. on
B. away
C. aback
D. off
7. They deliberately do something that will make it difficult to discover who
really a particular crime, for example, destroying evidence or
lying to the police.
A. pursued
B. performed
C. conducted
D. committed 8．Mishka got some nail scissors and started carefully his fingernails.
A. chopping
B. trimming
C. carving
D. polishing 9．Riot shields are pieces of equipment made of plastic which are used by the police to protect themselves against angry crowds.
A. opaque(不透明)
B. visible
C. transparent
D. crystal
10. He his drink, staring intensely at me.
A. sipped
B. sucked
C. digested
D. chewed
学位英语考试_最常用的600个高频词汇
学位英语考试最常用的600个高频词汇 2007-11-02 11:09 1. abide by（=be faithful to ； obey）忠于；遵守。 2. be absent from…。缺席，不在 3. absence or mind（=being absent-minded）心不在焉 4. absorb（=take up the attention of）吸引…的注意力（被动语态）be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近be engrossed in ； be lost in ； be rapt in ；be concentrated on ； be focused on ； be centered on 5. （be） abundant in（be rich in； be well supplied with）富于，富有 6. access（to）（不可数名词）能接近，进入，了解 7. by accident（=by chance， accidentally）偶然地，意外。 Without accident（=safely）安全地， 8. of one's own accord（=without being asked； willingly； freely）自愿地，主动地 9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…。不一致 10. with one accord （=with everybody agreeing）一致地 11. in accordance with （=in agreement with）依照，根据 12. on one's own account 1）为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益 2）（=at one's own risk）自行负责 3）（=by oneself）依靠自己 on account 赊账； on account of 因为； on no account不论什么原因也不；of …account 有………重要性。 13. take…into account（=consider）把……考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释（理由） 15. account for （=give an explanation or reason for）解释，说明。 16. on account of （=because of）由于，因为。 17. on no account（=in no case， for no reason）绝不要，无论如何不要（放句首时句子要倒装） 18. accuse…of…（=charge…with； blame sb. for sth. ； blame sth. on sb. ； complain about）指控，控告
英语考试常用高级词汇
able 有才干的，能干的；adaptable 适应性强的 active 主动的，活跃的；aggressive 有进取心的 ambitious 有雄心壮志的；amiable 和蔼可亲的amicable 友好的；analytical 善于分析的apprehensive 有理解力的；aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的； alert 机灵的 bad-tempered 脾气暴燥的 bigmouth 多嘴多舌的 bland 冷漠的 bossy 专横跋扈的 brave 勇敢的 brilliant 有才气的 capable 有能力的，有才能的 careful 办事仔细的 caring 有同情心的 candid 正直的 clever 机灵的，聪明的 charitable 宽厚的 cheerful 开朗的 childish 幼稚的 comical 滑稽的 conceited 自以为是的 confident 有信心的 conscientious 认真的，自觉的 considerate 体贴的 cooperative 有合作精神的 courageous 勇敢的，有胆量的 creative 富创造力的 cultured 有教养的
dashing 有一股子冲劲的，有拼搏精神的dedicated 有奉献精神的 demanding 苛刻的 devoted 有献身精神的 diplomatic 老练的，有策略的 depressing 沉闷的 disciplined 守纪律的 discreet （在行动，说话等方面）谨慎的 dishonest 不诚实的 dutiful 尽职的 earnest 认真的 easy-going 随和的 energetic 精力充沛的 enthusiastic 充满热情的 expressive 善于表达 faithful 守信的，忠诚的 forceful （性格）坚强的 forgetful 健忘的 frank 直率的，真诚的 friendly 友好的 frugal 俭朴的 funny 有趣的，古怪的 generous 宽宏大量的 genteel 有教养的 gentle 有礼貌的 greedy贪婪的 gullible 容易受骗上当的 happy 开心的 hard-working 勤劳的 have an inquiring mind 爱动脑筋的
口译参考词汇(英语视译 考试重点 参考材料)
英译汉 Threshold 门口；界限，起始点Information Revolution 信息革命 currency system 货币制度 inflation 通货膨胀 financial fraud 金融失误 rubber industry 橡胶工业 barrier 障碍，壁垒Peterson University 彼得逊大学periodical subscription 期刊 volume （书）册，数量，卷multi-media 多媒体 Intranet 内联网 win-win situation “双赢”局面roadmap 路线 mutual benefit 互惠互利sustainable development 持续发展heartland 中心城市dominant trend 主流 trend of the time 时代潮流 social communication intelligence 社会交际智能 joint venture 合资企业manufacture 制造，加工distributer 批发商 retailer 零售商 reputation 名誉 derive from 源自，来源于pasture 饲养，放牧temperate climate 温带气候 yield （谷物）产量Grassland farming 畜牧业 Candor 坦率，正直Holiday resorts 度假胜地 ski slopes 滑雪坡地championship 一流的informality 非正式，无拘无束roar 咆哮，喧闹cosmopolitan 世界性的 give instruction in 讲授 scuba diving 戴水肺潜水compassionate 有同情心的 World Economic Forum 世界经济论坛Secretary-General of the United Nations 联合国秘书长
考研英语词汇参考书目推荐
考研英语词汇参考书目推荐 一、必须专门记忆英语大纲中的词汇 专门记忆英语大纲中的词汇，原因很简单： 1.考研词汇通常都是一词多意的，通过阅读只能知道这个单词的某一个意思，可能在其他的文章里面会有别的含义。所以记忆大纲是十分有效的。 2.2005年考研开始，大纲词汇由5300增到5500，而实际增加为500个左右。而历年真题并没有这部分词汇，所以如果记忆考研大纲的话，这500多个词汇就会被忽略掉了。 3.对于基础不好的考生，做阅读的时候，如果满篇都是生单词，会严重打击信心的。如果做一篇阅读有30个左右生单词不会的话，阅读理解肯定会大受影响！ 二、考研英语词汇参考书分析 根据大纲编写的词汇书很多，如果把学习单词分成语境记忆和短期突破的话，大家可以借鉴以下方法： (一)根据语境学习记忆单词的图书 这类书主要适合英语基础较差的同学。 1.《考研英语词汇真题词频语境记忆》（精读版） 作者：郭崇兴 该书以近15年的考研真题为统计依据，将考研单词按照历年真题中出现的频率从高到低排列，并且全部选用真题作为例句。 这样做的好处是真题例句反复出现，让考生非常熟悉考试文章的句子难度，在考试的时候从容面对。尤其是在基础学习阶段非常有效。 2.《考研英语词汇。词根联想记忆法》 作者：俞敏洪 该书收录了3300个核心词汇，列出了500个考过的超纲词，标出了新增词、高频词还有好的助记法。 是本容易让人背完的词汇书。 3.《星火考研英语词汇必备》 书分类很好，熟词生意、差距词汇、核心词汇、次常用词汇、超纲词汇、时文阅读词汇。每个单词解释也很精简，方便记忆。 4.《考研词汇司马得记忆法》 作者：司马得学校 它是把相关词或易混淆的词放到了一块，记起来是挺方便的，美中不足的是，可能不能覆盖到所有重要。 (二)短期突破记忆词汇的图书 这类书主要适合英语基础较差的同学最后突破和适合英语基础较好的同学捡漏补缺用。 1.《考研英语词汇速记手册》 注释比较详尽，是比较可参考的本子，就是太贵。 2.《考研词汇掌中宝》 作者：王若平 王若平推荐的方法就是多听多背多重复，把这本小书翻烂，磁带听烂。 3.《星火抗遗忘程序速记掌中宝》 适合有毅力的人短时间突破。
学位英语考试大纲词汇
学位英语考试大纲词汇depend v.（on, upon）依靠，依赖；信赖，相信；决定于，视…而定 deposit v.存放，储存n.存款 depth n.深度，厚度；（感情的）深厚，深切 deputy n.代理人，代表a.副的；代理的 deputy n.代理人，代表a.副的；代理的 derive v.取得，导出，起源 derive v.取得，导出，起源 descend v.下来，下降 describe v.形容，描写 description n.描述，描绘，形容 desert n.沙漠，不毛之地v.离弃，抛弃；擅离，开小差 desert n.沙漠，不毛之地v.离弃，抛弃；擅离，开小差 deserve v.应受，应得，值得 design v./n.设计 desirable a.称心的，期望得到的 desire v.愿望，渴望；要求n.愿望，欲望 desk n.书桌，办公桌；服务台，询问处 despair v.& n.绝望 desperate a.绝望的；不顾一切的，铤而走险的 despise v.看不起，轻视，鄙视 despite prep.不管，不顾；尽管n.憎恨，轻蔑 dessert n.正餐后的水果或甜食 destination n.目的地，终点 destiny n.命运；天数 destroy v.破坏，摧毁；消灭，扑灭；打破，粉碎 destruction n.破坏，消灭 detach v.分开，拆开，卸下 detail v.详细讲述，详谈n.详细的情况，细节；枝节，琐碎 detain v.耽搁，延误；扣留 detective n.侦探a.侦探的；探测的 determine v.决定；确定；测定 develop v.发展 development n.发展，形成；开发，研制；生长，进化 device n.装置，设备，仪表；方法，设计 devise v.设计，发明；计划
专业英语复习资料
给出定义： 1.Higher level language A high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer. In comparison to low-level programming languages, it may use natural language elements, be easier to use, or be from the specification of the program, making the process of developing a program simpler and more understandable with respect to a low-level language. 2.Stateful inspection is a firewall that keeps track of the state of network connections (such as TCP streams, UDP communication) traveling across it. The firewall is programmed to distinguish legitimate packets for different types of connections. Only packets matching a known active connection will be allowed by the firewall; others will be rejected. 3. Personal productivity software 4. Metropolitan area network(MAN) A metropolitan area network(MAN) is a computer network that usually spans a city or a large campus. A MAN usually interconnects a number of local area networks (LANs) using a high-capacity backbone technology, such as fiber-optical links, and provides up-link services to wide area networks (or WAN) and the Internet. 5. Network topology Network topology is the layout pattern of interconnections of the various elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a computer or biological network. In a word network topology is the topological structure of a network. Network topologies may be physical or logical. Physical topology refers to the physical design of a network including the devices, location and cable installation. Logical topology refers to how data is actually transferred in a network as opposed to its physical design. In general physical topology relates to a core network whereas logical topology relates to basic network 6. DBMS database management system (DBMS) is a software package with computer programs that control the creation, maintenance, and use of a database. It allows organizations to conveniently develop databases for various applications by database administrators (DBAs) and other specialists 简要回答问题： 1.Give the definition and examples about computer virus. （这题书上答案不全， 需要网上搜点答案，组织成答案） DE: A computer virus is a computer program that can replicate itself and spread from one computer to another. The term "virus" is also commonly, but erroneously, used to refer to other types of malware, including but not limited to adware and spyware programs that do not have a reproductive ability. EX: For example, the CIH virus, or Chernobyl Virus, computer worm. 2.Describe the hierarchy of data organization. Data organization involves fields, records, files and so on A data field holds a single fact. Consider a date field, e.g. "September 19, 2004". This can be treated as a single date field (e.g. birthdate), or 3 fields, namely, month, day of month and year.
基本考试英语单词
1.alter v. 改变，改动，变更 2.burst vi.,n. 突然发生，爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸，炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗，耗尽 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出 9.slip v. 滑动，滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动，滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 2. 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种，品种v. 繁殖，产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v. 转变，变革；变换 18.transmit v. 传播，播送；传递 19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具 3. 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化，改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭，不见 24.swallow v. 吞下，咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心 26.suspicious a.怀疑的，可疑的 https://www.360docs.net/doc/1c3115479.html,d a. 温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29.nuisance ['nju:s?ns]n. 损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的 4. 31.accelerate vt. 加速，促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线，边界 34.brake n. 刹车，制动器v. 刹住（车） 35.catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的，不明确的 37.vain n. 徒劳，白费
[2] 学位英语：核心词汇(一)
核心词汇 1.abandon抛弃a一个band绑带on在..上面bandit绑匪 2.burst.n.爆裂---blast，bomb，blow up explode go off 3.dis pose vi.除掉；解决；处理(of)---post岗位,邮编----position(位置) 4.blast.爆炸；气流vi.炸，炸掉 5.consume.消耗，耗尽con-----共同的，sum---总数 6.split.劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的---separate 7.advantage优势advance进步 8.spill.溢出，溅出，倒出 9.slip.滑动，滑落；忽略lip 10.alter.改变，改动，变更------change(chance机会)all 11.bacteria.细菌back背后的tero恐怖 12.breed.种，品种v.繁殖，产仔produce 13.bud get.预算v.编预算，作安排 14.candidate.候选人candy糖果，甜蜜的date日期 15.camp us.校园camp扎营us我们 16.liber al.慷慨的；丰富的；自由的lib 17.trans form.转变，变革；变换trans从一端到另一端form构成information信息 18.transmit.传播，播送；传递trans mit---meet会见 19.transplant.移植trans plant种植 20.trans port运输，运送n.运输，运输工具trans port码头
21.shift.转移；转动；转变电脑健盘有这个键 22.vary.变化，改变；使多样化very非常variation 23.vanish.消灭，不见die out extinction finish 24.swallow.吞下，咽下n.燕子s allow允许shallow浅的hollow空的 25.suspicion.怀疑，疑心suspect doubt 26.suspicious.怀疑的，可疑的 https://www.360docs.net/doc/1c3115479.html,d.温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的middle 28.tender.温柔的；脆弱的tend to倾向 29.nuisance.损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物）nonsance 30.in significant无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的sign符号signify做标记significant有意义的 31.accelerate.加速，促进accel加速rate比率 32.absolute.绝对的，无条件的；完全的totally，entirely，completely 33.boundary.分界线，边界be bound to一定，开往 34.brake.刹车，制动器v.刹住（车）bra文胸（其作用是制止乳房下垂的） 35.catalog.目录（册）v.编目cata书籍logo标志 36.vague.模糊的，不明确的obscure guess 37.vain.徒劳，白费in vain 38.extinct绝灭的，熄灭的die out,vanish,distinct(different),
专业英语考试试题与答案
1.Why are cast metal sheet ingots hot-rolled first instead of being cold-rolled? Because of cold rolling is to use hot rolled steel coils as the raw material, after acid pickling to remove oxide skin for cold rolling, the finished product is hard roll, because of cold work hardening caused by deformation of continuous cold rolling hard roll strength, increase hardness, toughness and plastic index decreased, so the stamping performance will deteriorate, can only be used for simple deformation of the parts 2.What type of heat treatment is given to the rolled metal sheet after hot and “warm” rolling? What is its purpose? 轧钢的热处理的类型？轧钢热处理的目的？ Heat treatment of the main types are annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering, solution treatment and aging treatment, cold treatment, chemical treatment, etc. Annealing： The steel is heated to a certain temperature and heat preservation for a period of time, and then make it slowly cooling, called annealing. Steel annealing is a heat the steel to the phase change or part of the phase change temperature, slow cooling after heat preservation heat treatment method. The purpose of annealing is to eliminate tissue defects, improve the organization make composition uniformity and fine grains, increase mechanical properties of the steel, reduce residual stress; Can decrease the hardness at the same time, improve the plasticity and toughness, improve machinability. So before annealing in order to eliminate and improve both the legacy of tissue defects and internal stress, and to prepare for the follow-up process, so the annealing is belong to the intermediate heat treatment, also called heat treatment in advance Normalizing： Normalizing is heated to above the critical temperature of steel, to all into homogeneous austenitic steel, heat treatment and natural cooling in air. It can eliminate hypereutectoid steel mesh cementite, for hyposteel normalizing can refine crystal lattice, improve comprehensive mechanical properties, low requirements for the parts use the normalized instead of the annealing process is more economic. Quenching: Quenching is the steel is heated to above the critical temperature, heat preservation for a period of time, then quickly into the quenching medium, the temperature plummeted, rapid cooling at greater than the critical cooling rate of speed, which is mainly composed of martensite and unbalanced heat treatment method of the organization. Can increase strength and hardness of the steel quenching, but to reduce its plasticity. That is commonly used in quenching hardening agent are: water, oil, caustic soda, and salt solution, etc
英语考试常见单词
1 1 附录： 题目常见生词 1. 教育类 Authority 权威 Outweigh 比…重要；比…有价值 Associate with 和…相关 Essential 基本的，必要的 Postgraduate 研究生；大学毕业后的 Financial support 经济支持 Boarding school 寄宿学校 Theoretical knowledge 理论知识 Certain talents 某种才能 Give access to 可进入 For one ’s own sake 为了… Regardless of 不管不顾 Philosophy 哲学 Geography 地理 Unemployment 失业 Primary education 初级教育 Secondary education 中级教育 Tuition 学费 Loan 贷款 Academic knowledge 学术知识 Compete 竞争 Cooperate 合作 Obey rules 遵守条理 Campus 校园 Commit a crime 犯罪 Criminal 罪犯；犯罪的 Vital 至关重要的 Well-being 幸福 Fulfill 履行，实现 Chiefly 首要地 Frequency 频率 Available 有效的；可得到的 Intelligent 智能的，聪明的 Separately 分开地 Evaluate 评价 Discipline 学科，纪律 Lecture 演讲 Justification 理由，认为有理的 Appropriate 适当的 Pupil 小学生 Community 社区，共同体 Compulsory 义务的，必修的 Evaluate and criticize 评估和批评 Prohibit 阻止2. 环境类 A throw-away society 一次性社会 Petrol 汽油 Profession 职业 Satisfaction 满意 Respect 尊重 Phenomenon 现象 Major cities 主要城市 Optimistic 乐观的 Optimism 乐观主义 Academic qualifications 学术资格 Rapidly 快速地 Export 输出 Exploit animals 利用动物 Ban 禁止 Die out 灭绝 There is pointless to do …做…是毫无意义的 Fossil fuel 化石燃料 Address 处理，解决 Scarcity 缺少 Plastic bag 塑料袋 Dispose of 处理 Recommend 推荐，建议 Make a difference 有影响 Non-essential flight 非重要飞行 Rare animals 稀有动物 3. 科技类 Despite 尽管 Remarkable gap 显著差异 Space travel 太空旅行 Consume 消耗 Survey 调查 Recommendation 建议 Gallery 画廊 Historical objects 历史物件 Business transitions 商务转型 Image 影像 Snack 小吃 Journalist 记者 Quality 质量 Hi-tech 高科技的 Serve no useful purpose 无用处的4. 文化类 Cultural heritage 文化遗 产 Host country
最新整理托福英语词汇分类汇总大全
托福英语词汇分类汇总大全 为了帮助在众多考生解决托福词汇的常见问题，今天小编就给大家分享一下英语单词，欢迎大家参考地质类词汇： 地质 v e i n p i t b o r e h o l e p i t q u a r t z m a r b l e g e m f i e l d s t o n e e m e r a l d w e s k i t g r a n i t e l e a d l i m e s t o n e l a v a r u b y
b o n a n z a m i n e r a l o r e f o s s i l p e t r i f y g e o l o g y a l u m i n u m c o r e c r a t e r d i a m o n d g l a c i a l g l a c i e r i c e b e r g p l a t e t r e m o r e a r t h q u a k e s e i s m s e i s m i c s e i s m o l o g y m a g n i t u d e
c a t a c l y s m s t r a t u m m a n t l e n i t r o g e n o u s l i t h o s p h e r e l a y e r c r u s t f a u l t c r u s t f a u l t m a g m a s q u i r t e r u p t o u t b u r s t e r u p t i o n v o l c a n i c 法律类词汇： 法律 p e n a l i l l i c i t
学位英语考试必备词汇
2016年成人学位英语考试必备词汇 动词 ask 问，要求，需要，邀请 advise 劝告，忠告，警告，建议 beg 请求、乞求 command 命令、指挥 decide 决定、判决 demand 需求、需要、查询、需求知道 deserve 应受、值得 desire 想望、期望、希望、请求 determine 决定、确定 insist 坚持、强调 order 命令、定购、定制 prefer 更喜欢、宁愿 propose 计划、建议、向……提议 request 请求、要求 require 需要、要求、命令 recommend 推荐、介绍、劝告、使……受欢迎 suggest 建议、提出、暗示、使想起 urge 催促、力劝 名词 Advice 忠告，建议，[商]通知 Decision 决定，决心，决议，结果，果断，坚定 Demand 要求，需求（量），需要 Desire愿望，心愿，要求 Order 次序，顺序，正常（工作）状态，秩序，会议规则，命令，定购，定单 Preference 偏爱，优先选择 Proposal 提议，建议 Requirement 需求，要求，必要条件，需要的东西，要求必备的条件 Recommendation 推荐，介绍（信），劝告，建议 suggestion 提议，意见，暗示，微量 形容词 Appropriate 适当的 Desirable 值得要的，合意的，令人想要的，悦人心意的 Essential 本质的，实质的，基本的，提炼的，精华的 Important 重要的，重大的，有权力的，有地位的 Impossible 不可能的，不会发生的，难以忍受的 Necessary 必要的，必需的，必然的 Natural 自然的，自然界的，关于自然界的，天生的，天赋的，普通的，正常的，简单自然的 Normal 正常的，正规的，标准的 Urgent 急迫的，紧急的 vital 生死攸关的，重大的，生命的，生机的，至关重要的，所必需的
信管专业英语期末考试复习资料
6.1.扁平组织强调分散管理，鼓励员工参与决策。Flat organizations emphasize a dencentralized approach to management,which encourages high employee involvement in decisions. 6.2. 管理人员和员工在一个互有信心、互相信任的友好环境中互动。Management and employees interact in a friendly environment characterized by mutual confidence and trust. 6.3. 机械组织最适合重复的运行和稳定的环境。Mechanistic organizations are best suited to repetitive operations and stable environment. 6.4. 商业计划有多种形式。There are a wide variety of formats for business plan. 6.5. 计划过程远比计划文档更重要。Far more important than plan documents is that plan process itself. 6.6. 每一个任务都应该包括一个执行方案。Each objective should include an action plan. 6.7. 一个执行方案可以帮助主管组织、协调他的团队行动，并使项目按计划进行。An action plan can help supervisor stay organized,coordinate his or her team’s activities,and keep projects on schedule. 6.8. 执行方案详细阐述完成该任务所需要的步骤和工作。The action plan states specifically what steps or tasks will be accomplished to achieve the objective. 6.9. 项目管理软件程序可以帮助主管制定执行方案。Project-management software program are available to help supervisor create action plan. 6.10. 最基本的项目管理软件程序帮助用户把自己的想法整理成一个简单的进度表。The most basic project management program helps organize the user s’ thoughts so that a simple schedule can be created. 7.1. 链接是最简单但最有效的因特网营销方法。Linking is one of the simplest yet most effective Internet marketing devices. 7.2. 电子邮件签名文件可以有效地宣传一个网站。E –mail signature files can effectively promote a website. 7.3. EDI通常用于两个公司的两个终端设备的通信。EDI is usually deployed in between communication end points between two companies. 7.4. 很快大部分企业都将成为某种程度上的电子商务企业。Pretty soon most business will be E-business to some extent. 7.5. 安全电子交易（SET）是保证因特网财务往来安全的系统。Secure Electronic Transaction(SET) is a system for ensuring the security of financial transactions on the Internet. 7.6. 发证机构（CA）是网络中的一个机构，他负责发放和管理的安全信用证和用于信息加密的公共钥匙。A certificate authority(CA) is an authority in a network that issues and manages security credentials and public keys for message encryption. 7.7. CRM固然包含许多技术，但认为CRM主要是技术则是错误的。There are many technological components to CRM,but thingking about CRM in primarily technological terms is a mistake. 7.8. 多用户操作系统允许不同的用户同时利用计算机资源。A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantage of the computer ‘s resources simultaneously. 7.9. 操作系统（OS）是最先装入计算机的软件。The operating system(OS) is the first thing loaded onto the computer. 7.10. 没有什么能比计算机更好的体现现代生活。Nothing epitomizes modern life better than the computer. 8.1. 网络由两个或多个连接在一起的计算机组成，以便共享资源（如打印机和光盘驱动器）、交换文件或进行电子通信。A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and CD-ROMs),exchange files ,or allow electronic communications. 8.2. 网络上的计算机可以用电缆、电话线、无线电波、卫星或红外线光束连接。The computers on a network may be linked through cable s, telephone lines , radio waves , satellites , or infrared light beams. 8.3. 局域网（LAN）是局限于一个较小范围的的网络。A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that is confined to a relatively small area. 8.4. 连接到服务器上的计算机被称为工作站。Computers connected to the file server are called workstations. 8.5. 在大部分的局域网上中，人们用电缆来连接每个计算机的网卡。On most LANs , cables are used to connect the network interface cards in each computer. 8.6. 网络提供了一个非常快的共享和传输文件的方法。Networks provide a very rapid method for sharing and