跟郭老师学初中英语语法:复合句(附答案)

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初中英语语法主从复合句

初中英语语法主从复合句

初中英语语法主从复合句主从复合句是指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。

从句在句子中充当一个名词、形容词或副词的角色。

主从复合句的主句表示一个完整的意思,而从句则依附在主句中,充当主句的一个组成部分。

以下是主从复合句的几种常见类型:1. 名词从句名词从句在句子中充当主句的宾语、主语、表语或介词宾语等角色。

例如:- I know [that she is my friend].(宾语从句)- [What you said] makes sense.(主语从句)- His hope is [that he will win the game].(表语从句)- She is interested in [what you are doing].(介词宾语从句)2. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,通常用来提供额外的信息。

通常由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)引导。

例如:- The boy [who is sitting over there] is my classmate.- This is the book [that I bought yesterday].- The woman [whose car was stolen] reported it to the police.3. 状语从句状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词,提供额外的信息。

常见的状语从句有时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句和方式状语从句等。

例如:- She went to bed [after she finished her homework].(时间状语从句)- He failed the exam [because he didn't study].(原因状语从句)- They are so tired [that they can't walk anymore].(结果状语从句)- If it rains tomorrow, [we will stay at home].(条件状语从句)- He did it [in the way that she had instructed].(方式状语从句)以上是主从复合句的几种常见类型,。

初中英语-复合句

初中英语-复合句

初中英语-复合句初中英语语法--复合句本部分内容是中考中必考及常考考点。

考点详解:从句的概念:一个句子在另一个句子中充当成分,充当什么成分就做什么状语。

一、宾语从句1、宾语从句的引导词宾语从句是陈述句时,常用that引导。

在口语中和非正式语言中,可以省略that。

例如:___ us (that) we will have an English test tomorrow.如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。

一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只用whether。

例如:I don’t knowif/whether she will come here。

Sorry。

I don’t know whether hewill come or not.宾语从句是特殊疑问词时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。

例如:Could you tell me where the post office is。

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.2、宾语从句的时态主句的时态是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。

例如:Do you know who was talking with at 8 o’clock last night?主句的时态为一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用相应的某一过去时态。

例如:___ me that he had been to ___.从句表示的是客观真理、普遍现象、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。

例如:She said the sun rises in the east.3、宾语从句的语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述句语序,“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。

例如:I want to know when the train left.从句原因状语从句结果状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句地点状语从句1、疑问句转宾语从句当疑问句由do。

复合句知识点讲解及练习

复合句知识点讲解及练习

宾语从句中考考点宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。

它属于名词性从句。

它既可以作主句谓语动词宾语,也可作介词的宾语。

宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。

中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。

考向导航①宾语从句是陈述句,引导词用that,在口语中that可以省略。

如:We believe (that) he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。

②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。

一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只能用whether。

如:I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。

Sorry,I don't know whether he will come or not.对不起,我不知道他是否会来。

③宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。

如:Could you tell me where the post office is?你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗?The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。

宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的,一般有下面几种情况:①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。

如:He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。

②主句的时态为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。

如:She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。

③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。

如:He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。

初三英语复合句试题答案及解析

初三英语复合句试题答案及解析

初三英语复合句试题答案及解析1.— Can you tell me ______?— Just try to use it, I think.A.how can I learn English well B.how I can learn English wellC.how could I learn English well D.how I could learn English well【答案】B【解析】句意:—你能告诉我如何学好英语?—我认为,只要尽力去使用它。

宾语从句要采用陈述句语序,排除A和C。

选项D时态错误,根据句意,从句采用一般现在时,故选B。

【考点】考查宾语从句。

2. I love teachers ________ are friendly to us.A.who B.what.C.where D.whom【答案】A【解析】句意为:我喜欢对我们友好的老师。

在定语从句中,从句的引导词由先行词而定。

who:先行词指人,what:不作定语从句的引导词,where:先行词指地点,whom:先行词指人,作动词的宾语。

根据语境可知应选A。

【考点】考查定语从句。

3. He wanted to know the English party.A.when will we have B.when we will haveC.when would we have D.when we would have【答案】D【解析】句意为:他想知道我们什么时候举行英语晚会。

在宾语从句中,从句应用陈述句的语序。

由于主句用一般过去时,因此从句用过去将来时。

故选D。

【考点】考查宾语从句。

4.—Do you know _______ for Hainan last week?—Last Tuesday.A.whenMiss Liuwill leave B.when Miss Liu leftC.when did Miss Liu leave D.when will Miss Liu leave【答案】B【解析】句意:你知道上周刘老师什么时候离开去海南的吗?此题是考查宾语从句,宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,所以排除C、D;主句是一般现在时态,根据句意此题选B。

复合句讲解和练习

复合句讲解和练习

复合句(complex sentence)定义:用一个句子来充当某个句子成分(主、宾、表、定、状、同位),从而构成一个从句,该从句(subordinate clause)前需要使用“关系词(relative words)”来与主句(main clause)连接在一起,形成一个完整的句子。

从句类型:1)从句在主句的主语位置,称之为主语从句(subject clause),由于主语在句首,所以主语从句的位置通常为句首。

2)从句在主句的宾语位置,称之为宾语从句(object clause),由于宾语在谓语后面,所以谓语动词后面的句子通常是宾语从句。

3)从句在主句的表语位置,称之为表语从句(predicative clause),如果一个句子出现在系动词后面,通常是表语从句。

4)从句在主句的定语位置,称之为定语从句(attributive clause),由于超过一个单词的定语通常放在名词后面,修饰限定前面的面请,所以名词后面出现句子,通常是定语从句(当然同位语从句除外)。

5)从句在主句的状语位置,称之为状语从句(adverbial clause),由于状语通常出现在一个句子的句首或者句末,而且常有逗号隔开,所以如果一个带有关系词的句子出现在另一个句子的句首或者句末并用逗号隔开了,通常就是状语从句。

6)句子本身已有主语,如果主语后面再增加一个句子来对主语的性质和身份做具体的说明,则称之为主语同位语(appositive clause)。

而句子本身已有宾语,如果宾语后面再增加一个句子来对宾语的性质和身份做具体的说明,则称之为宾语同位语。

判断主从句:1)复合句中,句首不带关系词的句子为主句,带关系词的句子为从句(但是要注意关系词省略的情况:宾语从句的关系词通常可省略,定语从句所修饰的名词在定语从句充当宾语的话关系词可以省略),判断出主从句以后,就可以根据从句的位置判断属于哪类从句。

练习判断一下哪些句子是复合句,并标出从句部分,说明属于哪类从句。

中考英语语法-复合句

中考英语语法-复合句

人教版中考英语专项练习复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。

主句为句子的主体,从句只是做句子的一个成分。

根据从句在句子中的作用,可以把从句分为名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句),定语从句和状语从句(时间,地点,原因,条件,让步,方式,比较等)三类。

一.宾语从句1.宾语从句根据引导词的不同分为三种类型⑴由that引导的宾语从句,其中that不做成分,可省略。

We all knew (that) we should learn from each other.⑵由if/whether引导的宾语从句。

Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.⑶由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。

Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?2.宾语从句“三关”⑴引导词关注意:whether与if的区别只用whether的情况①在介词后面 We don`t think about whether it would rain thenext day.②在动词不定式前 They asked me whether to sit at the front.③当与or not连用,或提出两种选择时 Mary asked whether I wasdoing my homework or not at that time④宾语从句提前时 Whether this is true or not, I can`t say⑤在动词discuss后的宾语从句中 We discussed whether we shouldhave a sports meeting next week.⑥引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whetherThe question was whether he went there last night只用if的情况①引导否定概念的宾语从句时He asked me if I had`t finished my homework②引导条件状语从句时,if意为“如果”We`ll go hiking if it doesn`t rain tomorrow⑵语序关①宾语从句若为陈述句,语序不变②宾语从句若为一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,语序还原为陈述语序⑶时态关①如果主句是现在的时态,从句时态据实际情况而定②如果主句是过去某种时态,从句时态一定变为过去某时态注意:宾语从句表述的是客观真理,自然现象时,只能用一般现在时3.人称变化:4.从句简化⑴当主句谓语动词是find, see,watch,hear等时,从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为省to不定式或v+ing形式She found that the wallet lay/lying on the ground.→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.⑵当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句简化为不定式结构She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths.⑶在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时,宾语从句简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构Can you tell me how I can get to the station? →Can you tell me how to get to the station?5.否定转移如果主句的谓语动词是believe,think,guess,suppose等,且主句主语是一人称时,后面所接宾语从句的否定词通常前移到主句中。

初中英语复合句讲解及例句

初中英语复合句讲解及例句

复合句是指由两个或两个以上的简单句通过连词连接而成的句子。

在初中英语中,复合句是比较常见的语法知识点之一。

以下是复合句的讲解及例句:1. 宾语从句:宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用,可分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

- 动词的宾语从句:We believe that he is honest.(我们相信他是诚实的。

)- 介词的宾语从句:The doctor insists that I give up smoking.(医生坚持要我戒烟。

)- 形容词的宾语从句:I am sure that he will succeed.(我确信他会成功。

)2. 状语从句:状语从句在句子中作状语,可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句等。

- 时间状语从句:When the bell rang, the students stopped talking.(铃声响时,学生们停止了谈话。

)- 条件状语从句:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们将待在家里。

)- 原因状语从句:Since you are free today, you can help me with my homework.(既然你今天有空,你可以帮我做作业。

)- 结果状语从句:He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(他太累了,以至于立即就睡着了。

)- 目的状语从句:He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.(他努力学习以便能通过考试。

)- 让步状语从句:Though he is young, he knows a lot.(虽然他很年轻,但他懂得很多。

)3. 定语从句:定语从句在句子中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词。

初三英语复合句试题答案及解析

初三英语复合句试题答案及解析

初三英语复合句试题答案及解析1. Are you sure the news ______ you received from the Internet is true?A.that B.where C.what D.how【答案】A【解析】句意:你确定你从网上收到的消息是真的吗?根据题干分析此空是考查定语从句的关系词,句中先行词是news,同时在句中作表语,所以关系词用that,故选A。

【考点】考查定语从句的用法2. --- Do you know the big boy ________ helped to catch the thief yesterday ?--- Yes, Li Ming, the chairperson of the Students’ Union .A.the one B.which C.whom D.who【答案】D【解析】句意:你认识昨天帮忙抓小偷的那个大男孩吗?是的,李明,学生会的主席。

这是一个定语从句,先行词是boy,表示人,关系词要用who。

whom用于修饰在从句中做宾语的,而本题the big boy在从句中做主语。

故选D。

【考点】考查定语从句的用法。

3. ---- The TV play You Who Come from the Stars is popular recently.-Yes. It is the only program _______ I watched this month.A.who B.thatC.where D.when【答案】B【解析】本句中先行词the only program为下文定语从句中的逻辑宾语,指物,故引导词用that,选B。

【考点】考查定语从句4. He wanted to know the English party.A.when will we have B.when we will haveC.when would we have D.when we would have【答案】D【解析】句意为:他想知道我们什么时候举行英语晚会。

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跟郭老师学初中英语语法:复合句近几年,河北中考对复合句的考查主要包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。

从命题内容来看,侧重考查宾语从句引导词的选择及其语序、时态,状语从句引导词的选择及“当主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时”的时态用法,定语从句关系代词that,which和who 的选用。

从命题形式来看,多以单项选择、完形填空为主,一般分值在2~4分之间。

预计2016年,对宾语从句的考查仍然会是宾语从句的语序和时态,状语从句中引导词的选择和时态以及定语从句引导词的选择。

2011—2015年河北中考试题分析表(名词)年份题号题型分值2011 43,45 单项选择 22012 36,45 单项选择 22013 35,44,48 单项选择,完形填空 32014 38,40,45 单项选择 32015 40,49 单项选择,完形填空 21. 宾语从句指在复合句中充当宾语的从句,常常位于及物动词或介词之后,作宾语。

宾语从句的引导词是由宾语从句的句子类型决定的,常考的引导词有that,if,whether,what,which,when,where,how,why等,宾语从句中的时态由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定。

2. 直接引语指的是直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号标出;间接引语是指用自己的语言转述别人的话。

直接引语变间接引语时在句型、人称、时态、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等方面都要进行变化。

3. 在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的句子叫状语从句,在句中起到状语的作用。

常考的状语从句有时间状语从句(由when,while,before,not…until等引导)、条件状语从句(由if,unless,as long as等引导)、原因状语从句(由because,since等引导)、结果状语从句(由so that,so… that…等引导)、目的状语从句(由in order that等引导)、让步状语从句(由though,although等引导)。

…4. 定语从句是指在句中作定语,用来修饰名词、名词性词组或代词的句子。

被定语从句修饰的名词、名词性词组或代词叫先行词,在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。

定语从句常用的关系代词有who,whose,that,which,关系副词有when,where,why 等。

①宾语从句与直接引语和间接引语用法例句当宾语从句或间接引语是由陈述句转换而来时,用that来引导从句或间接引语,其中的that无具体意义,一般可以省略。

He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday.He said (that) the bank was near the hotel.当宾语从句或间接引语是由一般疑问句转换而来时,用if或whether来引导从句或间接引语,意思是“是否”。

从句或间接引语用陈述语序。

She asked me if / whether she could join us. He wondered if / whether the workers had finished the work.当宾语从句或间接引语是由特殊疑问句转换而来时,特殊疑问词就是宾语从句或间接引语的引导词。

从句或间接引语用陈述语序。

Do you know who broke the door? She asked me whose pen that was.1. 当宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来时,引导词用if或whether,如果从句中有or not 或从句充当介词的宾语时,只能用whether。

如:I don’t know whether he will come or not.我不知道他是否会来。

She is worried about whether it is true. 她正担心着这件事是否是真的。

2. 宾语从句中,主句为一般现在时,则从句可以根据实际需要用各种相应的时态。

主句为一般过去时,则从句必须用过去的某种时态。

如:I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。

He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。

3. 宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等词时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

如:She doesn’t know what she should do next.=She doesn’t know what to do next. 她不知道下一步该做什么。

4. 直接引语是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell (ask,order等)sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。

如:“Don’t make any noise,” she said to the children.“不要制造任何噪音,”她对孩子们说。

→She told the children not to make any noise.她告诉孩子们不要制造任何噪音。

5. 在宾语从句或间接引语中如果叙述的是客观真理、客观事实等,不管主句是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。

如:He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音的传播速度要快得多。

6. 直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和某些具有方向性的动词要作相应的变化。

具体见下表:直接引语间接引语指示代词this / these that / those时间状语now / today then / that day yesterday / tomorrow the day before / the next day this week / next week that week / the next week two weeks ago two weeks before tonight / last month that night / the month before地点状语here there谓语动词come / bring go / take1. (2015河北)—Could you tell me ______? —Talking about festivals.A. how they are playingB. what they are doingC. where they are goingD. why they are practicing2. (2015邯郸一模) Cindy got a red skirt from her mother this morning. Do you know ______?A. what colour it isB. what it is made ofC. who gave it to herD. when she got it3. (2015保定一模) Those women are so excited! They are talking about ____ their weekends.A. how they will spendB. why they should spendC. when they will haveD. where they should have4. (2015石家庄裕华区模拟) If you don’t know the way, just buy a map, it will tell you _____.A. how can you get thereB. where you can get thereC. when can you get thereD. how you can get there5. (2015邯郸二模) He is looking at the map because he wants to know ______.A. what Handan isB. how old Handan isC. where Handan isD. how long Handan is6. (2015唐山路北区一模)—Many people are wondering ______ in the forest.—It’s reported that a burning cigarette bar caus ed it.A. what caused the fireB. when the fire happenedC. how did the fire happenedD. why did the fire happen7. (2015石家庄质量检测) I wonder ______.A. that the train will arrive on timeB. where did he goC. when did the train leaveD. who will stay with me8. (2015石家庄长安区一模) No one can be sure ______ in a million years.A. what man will look likeB. that will man look likeC. that man will look likeD. what will man look like9. (2015河北模拟经典二) I didn’t understand ______, so I raised my hand to ask.A. what my teacher saysB. what does my teacher sayC. what my teacher saidD. what did my teacher say10. (2015河北模拟拔高型) Our teacher told us that light ______much faster than sound.A. traveledB. travelsC. is travelingD. was traveling②状语从句分类连接词例句时间状语从句when / while / as,before,after,since,until,as soon asShe was cooking when someone knocked atthe door.He often went to the concert while he stayedin Berlin.I didn’t go to bed until she came back.条件状语从句if,as long as,unless I’ll go to see you if I have time.They will have a picnic unless it rains nextSunday.原因状语从句because,since,as,for He didn’t catch the first bus because he got up too late.We should study hard since we are students.目的状语从句so that,in order that Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it.结果状语从句so that,so…that,such…thatIt’s so hot that we want to go swimming.It is such a heavy box that nobody can moveit away.让步状语从句though / although,even if Although it’s raining hard,they are still working hard in the field.比较状语从句than,as…as,not as / so…as He ran as fast as Mike.11. (2015保定一模) Could you please explain the rules of the game ______we play?A. beforeB. whileC. sinceD. until12. (2015邯郸二模) When he ______ here tomorrow, I will give the book to him.A. cameB. comesC. will comeD. is coming13. (2015河北模拟拔高型) —Do you think when they ______ to play basketball with us?—I think they’ll come when they ______ free.A. come; areB. will come; will beC. will come; areD. come; will be14. (2015河北模拟结课B卷) I will tell you ______ Jim comes back from England.A. becauseB. even ifC. as soon asD. though15. (2015河北模拟密卷一) —Tom,do you know if Sam ______ to my party next week?—I think he will come if he ______ free.A. comes; will beB. will come; isC. comes; isD. will come; will be16. (2015邯郸武安七中模拟) If I find his phone number, I ______ you.A. tellB. toldC. will tellD. have told17. (2015石家庄新华区质量检测) I’ll go to see a film this afternoon as soon as the exam______ over.A. will beB. wasC. isD. be18. (2015石家庄栾城区模拟) —What’s your plan for tomorrow?—If Jim ______ to the cinema,I will go with him.A. goB. goesC. to goD. will go③定语从句分类引导词例句关系代词who,whom,which,that,whoseThe man who is working there is my brother.This is the book (that / which) I bought yesterday.The room whose window is open is mine.关系副词when,where,whyI still remember the day when you left for Beijing.This is the school where my mother works.定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况:(1)当先行词为anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时,只能使用that。

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